CN103175702B - Fatigue test device and method for axle - Google Patents
Fatigue test device and method for axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175702B CN103175702B CN201110430692.XA CN201110430692A CN103175702B CN 103175702 B CN103175702 B CN 103175702B CN 201110430692 A CN201110430692 A CN 201110430692A CN 103175702 B CN103175702 B CN 103175702B
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- wheel shaft
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- axle journal
- axle
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fatigue test device and method for an axle. The fatigue test device for the axle comprises a loading beam and a platform. A wheel is radially fixed on the platform, and the end of an axle to be tested is fixed axially; and a vertical actuating cylinder, a transverse actuating cylinder and a longitudinal actuating cylinder are connected to a journal of the axle to be tested respectively. The journal of the axle to be tested is mounted in a mounting seat through a rolling bearing; and the vertical actuating cylinder, the transverse actuating cylinder and the longitudinal actuating cylinder are connected with the mounting seat respectively. On the basis of the test device and method, the fatigue test of the journal, an axle body and a wheel disk can be achieved comprehensively; a test mode of journal rotation bending and axial loading can be set comprehensively aimed at a fatigue test and axial loading solution towards the journal, and accordingly, the fatigue test comprehensiveness of the whole axle is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the devices and methods therefor that a kind of axle journal for rail vehicle wheel shaft implements torture test, belong to technical field of rail traffic.
Background technology
Along with the universal rapidly of domestic city track traffic and the significantly lifting of Vehicle Speed, the bogie frame for bearing body and transmitting tractive power proposes higher design and use requirement.Wherein, wheel shaft is bogie important composition parts, for wheel shaft carry out torture test be ensure long-term, at a high speed and the guarantee of safe operation.
The domestic test unit for wheel shaft is mainly divided into eccentricity excitation formula, rotoflector formula, overall tumbling-type and free beam rotoflector formula structure at present, and correspondingly test method is confined to the torture test at axle body, disc position.
The test unit that above-mentioned prior art generally adopts, still can not carry out the torture test at axle journal position, and its means to save the situation can only be by the test figure to other position, carries out converting with the fatigue strength coefficient simulating axle journal approx accordingly.
And, based on the test unit of said structure and test method, be only can apply radial loaded to wheel shaft and without loading axially and Data Detection export function.
Therefore, apply existing wheel shaft fatigue experimental device there is no method set up load from system and stress bends or and axle journal endurance ratio between corresponding relation, still can not evaluate all sidedly wheel shaft structure design with material whether possess rationality.
In view of this, special proposition present patent application.
Summary of the invention
Wheel shaft fatigue experimental device of the present invention and method thereof, its object is to solve above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and can torture test be implemented for axle journal and axially load solution, thus set up axle journal rotoflector and the test method axially loaded all sidedly, comprehensive to the torture test improving wheel shaft entirety.
For achieving the above object, described wheel shaft fatigue test method is as follows:
Adopt the test unit including and load crossbeam and platform, platform is used for radially fixing vehicle wheel, axially fixes the end of tested wheel shaft;
At the axle journal place of tested wheel shaft, connect vertical start cylinder, horizontal start cylinder and longitudinal start cylinder respectively;
Stress mornitoring sheet is pasted with in the tested wheel shaft corner of contiguous wheel;
In enforcement axle journal torture test process, the circumference that tested wheel shaft does at the uniform velocity is rotated, and above-mentioned 3 start cylinders, respectively to the axle journal imposed load of tested wheel shaft, operate with the cycle completed needed for torture test.
As above-mentioned basic scheme, the torture test implementing axle body, disc can not only be used for, directly can also carry out the torture test at axle journal position, also can realize axial loading further.Therefore can according to the push-and-pull load repeatedly of editor's 3 direction start cylinders, to set up comprehensively, synthesization torture test flow process, thus contribute to wheel shaft structure and material selection is rational proves accuracy.
Axle journal place pastes
stress mornitoring sheet, can utilize
dynamic test setrecord stress data, with after torture test terminates by counter stress data analysis and research, determine that whether the structural design of axle journal reasonable.
For synthetically applying the load in multiple directions at axle journal place, the axle journal of tested wheel shaft is installed on the inside of mount pad by rolling bearing, thus the inner ring of simulation axle journal when reality uses press-fits environment.
Described vertical start cylinder, horizontal start cylinder and longitudinal start cylinder are connected to mount pad, thus the load in three directions suffered by axle journal are linked together by mount pad.
Before the torture test of enforcement axle journal, should first carry out the demarcation of wheel shaft radial stress, to rotate the stress corresponding relation of bent angle between clear and definite radial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft.
Particularly, can when horizontal start cylinder apply horizontal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder and longitudinal start cylinder are in free state, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft corner and export;
When longitudinal start cylinder applies longitudinal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder and horizontal start cylinder are in free state, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft corner and export.
Based on identical principle, before the torture test of enforcement axle journal, carry out the demarcation of axle axial stress, to rotate the stress corresponding relation of bent angle between clear and definite axial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft.
Particularly, can when vertical start cylinder apply axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, longitudinal start cylinder and horizontal start cylinder are in free state, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft corner and export.
Comparatively refinement and preferred torture test flow process are, in the radial torture test process of enforcement axle journal, horizontal start cylinder, longitudinal start cylinder apply radial push-and-pull load to complete the torture test of regulation cycle repeatedly to axle journal.
In enforcement journal shaft in torture test process, vertical start cylinder applies axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, and while axial fatigue test, implements the radial torture test of axle journal.
Based on above-mentioned design concept, and application can realize following test unit with upper whorl axial fatigue test method:
Test unit mainly includes and loads crossbeam and platform, on platform radially fixing vehicle wheel, axially fix the end of tested wheel shaft;
At the axle journal place of tested wheel shaft, connect vertical start cylinder, horizontal start cylinder and longitudinal start cylinder respectively.
Apply the inner ring of axle journal under effect and simulation real use state press-fit environment for improving axle journal place combined load further, the improvement project that can take is, the axle journal of tested wheel shaft is installed on the inside of mount pad by rolling bearing; Vertical start cylinder, horizontal start cylinder and longitudinal start cylinder are connected to mount pad.
To sum up content, wheel shaft fatigue experimental device of the present invention and method tool is advantageous is, the torture test of the axle journal of wheel shaft, axle body and disc can be realized all sidedly based on test battery apparatus and method, set up with axial loading scheme with axle journal is the wheel shaft rotating bending test data of representative simultaneously, for improving wheel shaft structure and optimization of material design provides Data support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Now in conjunction with the following drawings the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of application wheel shaft fatigue experimental device when carrying out axle journal torture test;
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 bow to schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of application wheel shaft fatigue experimental device when carrying out axle body torture test;
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, horizontal start cylinder 1, horizontal start cylinder mount pad 2, platform 3, tested wheel shaft 4, mount pad 5, vertical start cylinder 6, loads crossbeam 7, wheel 8, longitudinal start cylinder 9, rolling bearing 10, longitudinal start cylinder mount pad 11.
A portion in Fig. 1, the part B in Fig. 2 do not represent, paste stress mornitoring sheet in tested wheel shaft 4 corner.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, for realizing the test unit of axle journal fatigue test method, mainly including and loading crossbeam 7 and platform 3.Wherein,
On platen 3 radially fixing vehicle wheel 8, axially fix the end of tested wheel shaft 4;
At the axle journal place of tested wheel shaft 4, be installed on the inside of mount pad 5 by rolling bearing 10, vertical start cylinder 6, horizontal start cylinder 1 and longitudinal start cylinder 9 are connected to mount pad 5.
Described axle journal fatigue test method is pasted with stress mornitoring sheet in tested wheel shaft 4 corner of contiguous wheel 8;
In enforcement axle journal torture test process, the circumference that tested wheel shaft 4 does at the uniform velocity is rotated, and above-mentioned vertical start cylinder 6, horizontal start cylinder 1 and longitudinal start cylinder 9, respectively to the axle journal imposed load of tested wheel shaft 4, operate with the cycle completed needed for torture test.
The demarcation of wheel shaft radial stress was carried out before the torture test of enforcement axle journal, namely when horizontal start cylinder 1 applies horizontal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder 6 is in free state with longitudinal start cylinder 9, obtains the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft 4 corner and exports;
When longitudinal start cylinder 9 applies longitudinal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder 6 is in free state with horizontal start cylinder 1, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft 4 corner to export, thus obtain the stress corresponding relation rotating bent angle between radial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft 4.
The demarcation of axle axial stress was carried out before the torture test of enforcement axle journal, namely when vertical start cylinder 6 applies axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, longitudinal start cylinder 9 is in free state with horizontal start cylinder 1, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft 4 corner to export, thus obtain the stress corresponding relation rotating bent angle between axial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft 4.
In the radial torture test process of enforcement axle journal, horizontal start cylinder 1, longitudinal start cylinder 9 apply radial push-and-pull load to complete the torture test of regulation cycle repeatedly to axle journal.
In enforcement journal shaft in torture test process, vertical start cylinder 6 applies axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, namely while axial fatigue test, implements the radial torture test of axle journal.
Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 3, when difference from Example 1 is to carry out axle body torture test, the axle body end of tested wheel shaft 4 is installed on the inside of mount pad 5 by rolling bearing 10, and vertical start cylinder 6, horizontal start cylinder 1 and longitudinal start cylinder 9 are connected to mount pad 5.
Other test units and test method similar to Example 1, at this no longer repeated description.
As mentioned above, plan content given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, can derive similar technical scheme.In every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification done above embodiment according to above-mentioned technical spirit, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a wheel shaft fatigue test method, employing includes and loads crossbeam (7) and the test unit of platform (3), and platform (3) is for radially fixing vehicle wheel (8), the end axially fixing tested wheel shaft (4);
At the axle journal place of tested wheel shaft (4), connect vertical start cylinder (6), horizontal start cylinder (1) and longitudinal start cylinder (9) respectively;
Stress mornitoring sheet is pasted with in tested wheel shaft (4) corner of contiguous wheel (8);
In enforcement axle journal torture test process, the circumference that tested wheel shaft (4) does at the uniform velocity is rotated, and above-mentioned 3 start cylinders, respectively to the axle journal imposed load of tested wheel shaft (4), to complete the cycle operation needed for torture test, is characterized in that:
The demarcation of wheel shaft radial stress was carried out before the torture test of enforcement axle journal,
When horizontal start cylinder (1) applies horizontal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder (6) and longitudinal start cylinder (9) are in free state, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft (4) corner and export;
When longitudinal start cylinder (9) applies longitudinal push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, vertical start cylinder (6) and horizontal start cylinder (1) are in free state, obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft (4) corner to export, thus obtain the stress corresponding relation rotating bent angle between radial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft (4).
2. wheel shaft fatigue test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before the torture test of enforcement axle journal, carry out the demarcation of axle axial stress,
When vertical start cylinder (6) applies axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal, longitudinal start cylinder (9) is in free state with horizontal start cylinder (1), obtain the stress mornitoring sheet data of pasting tested wheel shaft (4) corner to export, thus obtain the stress corresponding relation rotating bent angle between axial push-and-pull load and tested wheel shaft (4).
3. wheel shaft fatigue test method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the radial torture test process of enforcement axle journal, horizontal start cylinder (1), longitudinal start cylinder (9) apply radial push-and-pull load to complete the torture test of regulation cycle repeatedly to axle journal.
4. wheel shaft fatigue test method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in enforcement journal shaft in torture test process, vertical start cylinder (6) applies axial push-and-pull load repeatedly to axle journal;
While axial fatigue test, implement the radial torture test of axle journal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110430692.XA CN103175702B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Fatigue test device and method for axle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110430692.XA CN103175702B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Fatigue test device and method for axle |
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| CN103175702A CN103175702A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| CN103175702B true CN103175702B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2650327C1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-04-11 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава" (АО "ВНИКТИ") | Stand for wheels and wheel pair axles durability testing |
| RU2665358C1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-08-29 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава" (АО "ВНИКТИ") | Stand and method of stand testing of wheels and wheel pair axes for resistance to fatigue and study of metal reaction in zone of wheel contact interaction with rail |
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| DE102009018927A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-04 | Deutsche Bahn Ag | Device for measuring the forces occurring between wheel and rail, in particular measuring wheel set for rail vehicles |
| CN102103056B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-07-11 | 西南交通大学 | Proportional test device for rotating bending fatigue of train wheel axle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2650327C1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-04-11 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава" (АО "ВНИКТИ") | Stand for wheels and wheel pair axles durability testing |
| RU2665358C1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-08-29 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава" (АО "ВНИКТИ") | Stand and method of stand testing of wheels and wheel pair axes for resistance to fatigue and study of metal reaction in zone of wheel contact interaction with rail |
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| CN103175702A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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Address after: Chengyang District of Shandong city of Qingdao province Jinhong road 266111 No. 88 Patentee after: CRRC QINGDAO SIFANG CO., LTD. Address before: Jihongtan town Chengyang District Shandong city Qingdao province Jinhong road 266111 No. 88 Patentee before: CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. |