CN103674584B - Rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing - Google Patents
Rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, specifically comprise the steps: A, train to be tested is placed on test platform; B, according to testing requirements, place the weighing device of corresponding weight in the inside of train, make the car body of train reach conditions dictate needed for test; C, check under original state, whether two trains to be tested there is interference; D, control multiple vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device respectively in vertical and transversely action certain displacement amount according to the required track circuit condition of test, four test platform center lines are made not travel the direction of advancing at vehicle, the curve of simulation actual track and superelevation; E, converse the tested train of two row in sweep and monitor procedure whether occur interference according to detecting the displacement that obtains, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the vertical wheel rail force Q of each wheel simultaneously, and then analyze curve passing through handling capacity.The present invention can simulate according to actual conditions that different route curve situation costs is low, efficiency is high, can test for different rail conditions and different vehicle state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, belong to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
From in April, 1997, Chinese Railway has successively carried out 6 raising speed by a large scales, and on July 1st, 2010, China formally moved towards the high ferro epoch, scooter 322km/h when high ferro is the fastest.
Along with the development of transportation by railroad, railway has been routed to each area, the whole nation, because China's area is comparatively large, topography and geomorphology also has larger difference, and therefore various different curved road has appearred in railway in building, such as sigmoid curve, perpendicular convex curve, perpendicular concave curves etc., in order to adapt to various circuit preferably, ensure the operation that various vehicle can be safe in various curve bend, in Car design, consider the curve negotiation ability of vehicle.The various parameter of curve negotiation ability in order to good testing vehicle, in Car design, to the construction of curve passing through handling capacity tester for testing, is extremely necessary.
The generalized definition of curve passing through handling capacity is the comparatively harsh curve bend by setting that vehicle can be safe, and according to the development of railway construction, various curve bend has been got and determined ultimate value Ymax, and the peak excursion angle Y that newly-designed vehicle structure allows can not more than Ymax.
So far, the test method that rail vehicles curve negotiation ability testing research adopts mainly contains:
One, actual vehicle is tested on specific actual track, although this test method can carry out the curve negotiation ability testing research of true car solid line, but there is a lot of drawbacks, mainly contain: in test, a lot of track circuit parameter cannot accurately be measured, and the load etc. of test parameters as vehicle can not arbitrarily regulate or change; Affect by circuit extraneous circumstance comparatively large, affect the normal operation of circuit, cause this section only in test, normal transportation by railroad and operation can be affected; Often carry out a test and need by vehicles drive to the circuit of specifying, and tested vehicle counterweight is extremely long to the time cycle that empty wagons and loaded vehicle state etc. are required; The experimentation cost caused due to above series of problems is expensive, and cost is too high etc.
Two, shop experiment research, is divided into again:
The research of simulation calculation, by the tilt condition of computing machine special software as dynamics analysis software simulation train rail gradients such as Simpack, Adams, the auto model setting up Water demand in software carrys out its curve negotiation ability of computer sim-ulation.This kind of Measures compare is simple, but software simulation is only ideal state, can not consider suspension and the force-bearing situation of true train completely, therefore has a certain distance with actual tests.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem and deficiency, and provide a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, cost is low, efficiency is high, can test for different rail conditions and different vehicle state.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, two trains to be tested are by actual trailer state arrangement, in the below of each former and later two bogies of train to be tested, test platform is set, in described test platform, be provided with vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device, specifically comprise the steps:
A, train to be tested is placed on test platform;
B, according to testing requirements, place the weighing device of corresponding weight in the inside of train, make the car body of train reach conditions dictate needed for test;
C, check under original state, whether two trains to be tested there is interference;
D, control multiple vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device respectively in vertical and transversely action certain displacement amount according to the required track circuit condition of test, four test platform center lines are made not travel the direction of advancing at vehicle, the curve of simulation actual track and superelevation;
E, converse the tested train of two row in sweep and monitor procedure whether occur interference according to detecting the displacement that obtains, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the vertical wheel rail force Q of each wheel simultaneously, and then analyze curve passing through handling capacity.
Further, described test platform comprises top board and base plate, and between described top board and base plate, arrange described vertical actuator, horizontal actuator and longitudinal exciting device, described train is placed on described top board.
Further, arrange three vertical actuator in each test platform, wherein, two vertical exciting devices are symmetricly set on the below of bogie pivot center along width of the carbody direction, another vertical exciting device is arranged on the front of bogie.
Further, erect at the rear portion of described base plate and have squab panel, between the side of the top of described squab panel and the both sides of top board, be respectively connected with a described longitudinal exciting device.
Further, vertical on the right side of described base plate have a right web plate, top board left side below be provided with left gusset, between the top of right web plate and left gusset, be connected with a described horizontal exciting device.
Further, before above-mentioned steps D, control four described test platform height and reach sustained height.
Further, in above-mentioned steps D, control multiple vertical exciting device respectively to upper or move downward certain displacement, simulate the superelevation of different actual tracks.
Further, described top board is provided with along the direction of width of the carbody the multiple elongated track shape groove be parallel to each other, train and top board, to after dropping on test platform, with tiltedly carving and the described track shape slot fit of taking turns relevant position, thus are fixed by the wheel of different size vehicle.
To sum up content, a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing of the present invention, compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages:
(1) this kind of method of testing can for various different gauge (as gauges such as 1435mm, 1000mm and 1676mm), various different rail truck (as rail trucks such as locomotive, motor-car, trailer and subways) is tested, service test device to greatest extent, save test fund, guarantee that test result is accurate, the method can realize the curve negotiation ability testing research under different rail conditions, different vehicle state, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance.
(2) the method in test, different route curve situations can be simulated according to actual conditions, at the trial according to route curve situation, testing table adjustment is become the situation needing simulation, then by tested vehicle counterweight, make it reach real circuit ruuning situation, simulate the practical operation situation of tested vehicle in real circuit with this, thus measure its curving performance, for train curve negotiating study mechanism provides more authentic and valid test figure.
(3) this test method can carry out repeatedly repetition test, time cycle used in process of the test is short, the manpower needed, the costs such as material resources are lower, and the efficiency of test is higher, thus provide more authentic and valid test figure, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance for rail truck curve negotiating study mechanism.
(4) the method does not affect the normal operation of train, is convenient to implement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is curving performance proving installation structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is test platform structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, test platform 1, train 2, bogie 3, takes turns 4, tiltedly carves 5, balancing weight 6, top board 7, base plate 8, vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10, longitudinal actuator 11, track shape groove 12, squab panel 13, right web plate 14, left gusset 15, air spring 16.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of rail vehicle curving performance method of testing, test platform 1 carries out, test platform 1 is four, train 2 to be tested is two row, is equipped with two test platforms 1 relative to every train 2, and the corresponding bogie 3 of each test platform 1 is arranged, each bogie 3 drops on corresponding test platform 1 at the trial, and the spacing between two trains 2 is by actual trailer state arrangement.
During test, weighing device is placed in the inside of train 2, in the present embodiment, weighing device preferably adopts balancing weight 6, loads onto the balancing weight 6 that quantity does not wait in the inside of train 2, by placing the balancing weight 6 of Different Weight, the virtual condition of train 2 can be simulated, namely add according to the state such as vehicle empty wagons, loaded vehicle or reduce the quantity of corresponding balancing weight 6, to make car body reach conditions dictate needed for test, realizing testing for different vehicle state on same test platform 1.Balancing weight 6 choice for use has the regular iron block of certain mass, picks and places all very convenient, and the iron block of rule can save the space of testing table to greatest extent, repeatedly can utilize simultaneously, also save test fund.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, each test platform 1 includes top board 7 and base plate 8, multiple vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device are set between top board 7 and base plate 8, in the present embodiment, preferred employing structure is simple, control vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10 and longitudinal actuator 11 easily.The acting in conjunction of vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10 and longitudinal actuator 11 realizes the six degree of freedom exciting ability of test platform 1.
In the present embodiment, each test platform 1 installs three vertical actuator 9, namely often row train 2 is equipped with six vertical actuator 9, in three in each test platform 1 vertical actuator 9, there are two vertical actuator 9 for generation of vertical translational degree of freedom, these two vertical actuator 9 are symmetrical arranged along the Width of car body, and below the position being arranged on bogie 3 center, another vertical actuator 9 is for generation of degree of freedom of nodding.2, train is fixedly mounted on top board 7, by vertical actuator 9 roof supporting 7 and on train 2.Vertical actuator 9 adopts hydraulic actuator, controls the action in vertical direction of vertical actuator 9, make top board 7 increase or decline certain altitude by hydraulic control, and three vertical actuator 9 can control respectively.
In each test platform 1, erect at the rear portion of base plate 8 and have squab panel 13, a longitudinal actuator 11 is respectively connected with between the side of the top of squab panel 13 and the both sides of top board 7, namely often row train 2 is equipped with four longitudinal actuator 11, longitudinal actuator 11 adopts hydraulic actuator, control the action of longitudinal actuator 11 on car body is longitudinal by hydraulic control, two longitudinal actuator 11 are respectively used to produce the longitudinal degress of feedom and degree of freedom of shaking the head, and multiple longitudinal actuator 11 can control respectively.
As shown in Figure 4, in each test platform 1, vertical on the right side of base plate 8 have a right web plate 14, top board 7 left side below be provided with left gusset 15, a horizontal actuator 10 is connected with between the top of right web plate 14 and left gusset 15, for generation of horizontal degree of freedom, horizontal actuator 10 is arranged on below bogie pivot center line.
Two air springs 16 are also provided with in each test platform 1, the bottom of air spring 16 by floor installation on the base plate 8 of test platform 1, the top of air spring 16 is fixedly connected with the top board 7 of test platform 1 by push rod, and air spring 16 plays each degree of freedom upwards of decoupling zero and alleviates the effect impacted.
In order to improve the versatility of test platform 1, the width of top board 7 is greater than the widest gauge used at present, top board 7 is provided with along the direction of width of the carbody the multiple elongated track shape groove 12 be parallel to each other, track shape groove 12 is identical with trade shape, simulate track truly, make test findings more true and reliable.After the wheel of different size vehicle drops on test platform 1 to 4, the track shape groove 12 of 4 relevant positions is coordinated fixing with tiltedly carving 5 with wheel, and then train 2 is stably fixed on test platform 1, the installation of train 2 is very convenient, and the train 2 (as rail trucks such as locomotive, motor-car, trailer and subways) of all specifications can be suitable for, be suitable for different gauges (as gauges such as 1435mm, 1000mm and 1676mm).
When doing curving performance test, can by controlling vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10, longitudinal actuator 11 in each upwards action certain displacement amount, simulation actual motion line condition, the line defct that simulated implementation is different, record the displacement of vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10, longitudinal actuator 11, there is little, that the test period the is short advantage that takes up room.
The principle of work of this method of testing is: the displacement that horizontal actuator 10 traveling below Control experiment platform 1 is certain, four test platform 1 center lines are made not travel the direction of advancing at vehicle, thus simulating vehicle passes through curve, the displacement at record test platform 1 center, observe car body, bogie, whether interference is had between two trains, simultaneously measure steering framing wheel to 4 wheel-rail lateral force Y and wheel to 4 vertical wheel rail force Q, calculate the derailment coefficients of vehicle by curve, wheel shaft transverse force, vertical wheel rail force and rate of wheel load reduction are used for assessing curve passing through handling capacity.
Wherein, wheel-rail lateral force Y is by being arranged on the foil gauge test on axle box, and each bogie 3 is provided with two groups of wheels to 4, often group wheel is provided with two axle boxes to 4, is provided with 8 axle boxes, each axle box arranges foil gauge so often save on train 2.Vertical wheel rail force Q is that steel spring decrement is tested by one, is that steel spring place arranges displacement transducer to detect its decrement each one.
Be described below in detail the method for testing of curving performance, specifically comprise the steps:
A, by two trains 2 to be tested respectively correspondence be placed on four test platforms 1, and to match with the track shape groove 12 on top board 7 by tiltedly carving 5, former and later two bogies 3 of train 2 be separately fixed on former and later two test platforms 1.
B, according to testing requirements, place the balancing weight 6 of corresponding weight in the inside of two trains 2, make the car body of train 2 reach conditions dictate needed for test.
C, check under original state, whether two trains 2 to be tested there is interference.
D, Control experiment platform 1, regulate 12 vertical actuator 9 below four test platforms 1, four test platforms 1 highly reached sustained height, makes the elemental height of two trains 2 identical.
D1, four the horizontal actuator 10 controlled below four test platforms 1 are moved certain displacement, four test platform 1 center lines are made not travel the direction of advancing at vehicle, simulating vehicle passes through curve, utilize vertical actuator 9 analog line superelevation by testing requirements simultaneously, and then true reflection actual motion line condition.
The displacement that in E, record four test platforms 1, four horizontal actuator 10 are moved, calculates the sweep formed, and checks that in motion process, whether two row trains 2 occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the vertical wheel rail force Q of each wheel simultaneously.
Downward or the certain displacement that moves upward simultaneously of 12 vertical actuator 9 below E1, control four test platforms 1, forms new curve, checks in motion process, whether the tested train 2 of two row occurs interference.
E2, control 12 vertical actuator 9 below four test platforms 1 respectively on move downward certain displacement, form new curve and superelevation, check in motion process, whether the tested train 2 of two row occurs interference.
F, repeat the work of step D and step e according to test condition, control the displacement that the traveling of horizontal actuator 10 is different respectively, converse the tested train 2 of two row in sweep and monitor procedure and whether occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the vertical wheel rail force Q of each wheel simultaneously.
According to recording the wheel-rail lateral force Y and vertical wheel rail force Q that obtain in above test process, analyze derailment coefficients when curve passing through passes through and rate of wheel load reduction:
1) being calculated as follows of curve passing through derailment coefficients:
Y/Q≤0.8
Wherein, Y is the transverse force that wheel acts on rail;
Q is the vertical force that wheel acts on rail;
Evaluation method: derailment coefficients limit value 0.8 is above applicable to the situation that sweep is greater than 250m, when sweep is less than 250m, derailment coefficients limit value can be loosened to 1.2.
2) wheel shaft transverse force should meet following condition:
ΣY
2m≤10+P
0/3
In formula, ∑ Y
2mit is wheel shaft transverse force;
P
oit is dead axle weight.
3) maximum vertical wheel rail force should meet following condition:
Q≤Q
lim＝Q
0+90
In formula, Q is vertical wheel rail force;
Q
0quiet wheel load, with kN unit representation;
Q
limit is the ultimate value representing vertical wheel rail force.
4) rate of wheel load reduction should meet following condition:
Wherein, dQ is wheel unloading amount (kN);
Q
afor the average wheel load (kN) of increment of load and off-load side wheel;
1st limit in above formula is the criterion of acceptability of evaluation vehicle operating safety, and 2nd limit is the standard increasing safety allowance.Rate of wheel load reduction be used for whether causing because single wheel off-load is excessive derailing (be generally used for low speed by sharp radius curve, transverse force be zero or close to zero situation).
This kind of method of testing can be tested for various different gauge, different rail truck, can service test device to greatest extent, highly versatile, saves test fund, and can ensure that test result is accurate in theory, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance.
In test, can according to actual conditions by controlling the different line condition of the action simulation of each vertical actuator, at the trial according to circuit superelevation situation, testing table adjustment is become the state needing simulation, then by tested vehicle counterweight, make it reach real circuit ruuning situation, simulate the actual operating state of tested vehicle in real circuit with this, thus measure its vertical vibroshock performance, for train vertical damping study mechanism provides more authentic and valid test figure.
In addition, this test method can carry out repeatedly repetition test, and the time cycle used in process of the test is short, the manpower of needs, and the costs such as material resources are lower, and the efficiency of test is higher, does not affect the normal operation of train at the trial, is convenient to implement.
As mentioned above, plan content given by reference to the accompanying drawings, can derive similar technical scheme.In every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, it is characterized in that: two trains to be tested are by actual trailer state arrangement, in the below of each former and later two bogies of train to be tested, test platform is set, in described test platform, be provided with vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device, specifically comprise the steps:
A, train to be tested is placed on test platform;
B, according to testing requirements, place the weighing device of corresponding weight in the inside of train, make the car body of train reach conditions dictate needed for test;
C, check under original state, whether two trains to be tested there is interference;
D, control multiple vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device respectively in vertical and transversely action certain displacement amount according to the required track circuit condition of test, four test platform center lines are made not travel the direction of advancing at vehicle, the curve of simulation actual track and superelevation;
E, converse the tested train of two row in sweep and monitor procedure whether occur interference according to detecting the displacement that obtains, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the vertical wheel rail force Q of each wheel simultaneously, and then analyze curve passing through handling capacity.
2. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described test platform comprises top board and base plate, between described top board and base plate, arrange described vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device, described train is placed on described top board.
3. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: three vertical exciting devices are set in each test platform, wherein, two vertical exciting devices are symmetricly set on the below of bogie pivot center along width of the carbody direction, another vertical exciting device is arranged on the front of bogie.
4. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: erectting at the rear portion of described base plate has squab panel, is respectively connected with a described longitudinal exciting device between the side of the top of described squab panel and the both sides of top board.
5. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: vertical on the right side of described base plate have a right web plate, below the left side of top board, be provided with left gusset, between the top of right web plate and left gusset, be connected with a described horizontal exciting device.
6. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before above-mentioned steps D, controls four described test platform height and reaches sustained height.
7. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps D, controls multiple vertical exciting device respectively to upper or move downward certain displacement, simulates the superelevation of different actual tracks.
8. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on described top board, be provided with the multiple elongated track shape groove be parallel to each other along the direction of width of the carbody, the wheel of different size vehicle is to after dropping on test platform, with the described track shape slot fit tiltedly carved with take turns relevant position, thus train and top board are fixed.
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| CN111950150B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2024-02-06 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Modeling and simulation method and system for twisted orbit test |
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