CN103173677B - Hypoeutectic energy-saving vanadium and titanium containing cast pig iron with low silicon-carbon ratio - Google Patents
Hypoeutectic energy-saving vanadium and titanium containing cast pig iron with low silicon-carbon ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cast pig iron and in particular relates to hypoeutectic energy-saving vanadium and titanium containing cast pig iron with low silicon-carbon ratio. The cast pig iron is alloy or liquid cast iron and comprises the following chemical components by weight percent: not more than 0.4% of Si, not more than 3.60% and not less than 3.30% of C, not more than 0.5% and not less than 0.2% of Mn, not more than 0.05% of P, not more than 0.05% of S, not more than 0.5% and more than 0 of V, not more than 0.6% and more than 0 of Ti and the balance of Fe, wherein the silicon-carbon ratio is not more than 0.12 and the eutectic degree is not more than 0.85%. The cast pig iron is produced by adopting molten iron in blast furnaces by an external two-fluid treatment method. The specific physical form of the achievement is regarded as cast iron and the chemical components of the achievement are specially designed in accordance with the requirements of the production processes of the ordinary iron castings according to the similar requirements for the pieces to be cast, thus becoming the new excellent, efficient and energy-saving pig iron variety used in production of the iron castings for other purposes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foundry iron technical field, particularly a kind of low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium.
Background technology
Foundry iron is the important basic material producing ironcasting.The change of its chemical constitution and the weight percent combination of each component, no matter when producing single ironcasting product or multiple ironcasting product time, all direct relation the complexity and success or not that product inner quality (material, subsurface defect etc.) controls!
Fig. 1 is iron-carbon balance phasor, and it discloses cast iron in the state of the equilibrium, from liquid state to the consistent relationship solid-state Chemical Composition and metallographic structure.Only pipe ironcasting shaping nonequilibrium situations, but this produces the technical basis that ironcasting product carries out all following when quality (material, cast inside defect etc.) controls in the world, just will environmental factors be included considers in the lump by casting mold condition etc.
The carbon content (carbon equivalent) that Fig. 1 upper right corner " C " point is corresponding is " eutectic " carbon content (carbon equivalent), and concrete numerical value is C:4.28%(Cc:4.30%), lower than being hypoeutectic cast iron, higher than being hypereutectic cast iron.
Ironcasting product inner quality (material, subsurface defect etc.) controls to relate to two basic links simultaneously:
Melting link: suitable liquid cast is provided.Its Chemical Composition it be the precondition that the metallographic structure of cast prod is formed, being the basis that over-all properties can reach, is the foundation that moulding process realizes;
Casting mold condition: suitable casting mold is provided.It forms the structure of ironcasting product, completes the means etc. of casting technique, the technique means that it is metallographic structure formation, over-all properties could reach;
Above-mentioned two links, in production ironcasting process, interdependence, mutual should, the quality (material, subsurface defect etc.) ensured under acting in conjunction in ironcasting product! Therefore, condition is different, basic and prerequisite is also different, otherwise, as the same!
Table [1] is the basic condition of certain factory's gray iron casting product:
The basic condition table of table [1] certain factory's gray iron casting product
When traditional foundry enterprise produces these ironcastings, it is the structure according to these ironcasting products, main wall thickness, the trade mark requires and other technical requirements, complete the means of casting technique, melting means etc., designing the Chemical Composition of these cast products (also can by casting design agencies dictate, as shown in table [1]), this design result is under this condition, guarantee these ironcasting product inner quality (materials, subsurface defect etc.) basis, the task of " the melting link " that will carry out is, should realize " design Chemical Composition " is necessary for again after melting terminates " tapping a blast furnace ", other art breading (as: nodularization is carried out to " molten iron ", breed ...) provide Chemical Composition to reserve scope.Therefore, " melting link " is divided into smelt stage in two stage: A, stove usually: provide pending " base iron "; The treatment stage that B, stove being outer: nodularization, to breed ... and reach " design Chemical Composition ".Can judge accordingly, Chemical Composition and " design Chemical Composition " the existing internal association of " base iron ", have again necessary difference, the two must be taken into account.Fig. 2 is the general technology flow process of " melting link ":
In order to obtain the Chemical Composition of " base iron " required for us, first determine to use which type of foundry iron, if table [2], [3], [4], [5] are the obtainable standard pig iron during reality is produced:
Table [2]:
Table [3]:
Table [4]
Table [5]
Eight kinds of foundry goods that table [1] is listed batch just have eight to design compositions, although harmful element P, S design in each design composition is identical, and, the annual and carbon equivalent of their C, Si, Mn but has difference very much.Be not difficult from [2] ~ [5] to find, the whole pig iron kinds in standard sensing, its Chemical Composition just can reach the requirement of design composition after all needing adjustment, and this is that the Chemical Composition preparing " base iron " brings very large difficulty:
1. the C% of each trade mark " foundry iron " only has lower limit and no maximum, and the C% of actual " foundry iron " has no way of judging, can only to existing each trade mark, every batch carry out actual measurement and determine;
2. the Si% of each trade mark " foundry iron " is different, and in order to satisfy the demands, can only to have many trades mark " foundry iron " for subsequent use simultaneously;
3. each trade mark " foundry iron " P%, S% are divided into multiple grade, especially the low phosphorus pig iron of P%≤0.1%, worldwide scarcity of resources, therefore the limit control of these two harmful elements is very difficult;
4, during reality is produced, during the Chemical Composition of formula " base iron ", the method adding " steel scrap " first to be adopted C%, P%, S% will to be reduced to below the requirement of design composition in " foundry iron ", for molten iron come out of the stove after art breading do composition preparation.Its add-on depending on actual in " foundry iron " C%, P%, S%, general about 10%, can reach at most 30% even higher.This measure proposes Yan Jun challenge to " steel scrap " resource of atrophy day by day, while the backflow of generation mass energy, also because adding of " steel scrap " has to improve smelting temperature, extend smelting time, strengthens energy consumption;
5, moreover, " steel scrap " although add and reduce C%, P%, S%, but this element needs the amplitude of reduction different, therefore, be difficult to the content after with element adjustment a certain in three be fixed up, as the adjustment fulcrum of other two elements, that is, C%, P%, S% are in course of adjustment is fluctuation.While adjustment C%, P%, S%, also reduce Si%, Mn%, under normal conditions, the add-on of Si-Fe, Mn-Fe master alloy must be increased, this brings C%, P%, S% into again, increases C%, P%, S%, and this element may be caused again simultaneously too high, therefore need repeatedly to enter exploratory collocation repeatedly like this, a certain material prescription could be obtained.Obvious, the listed eight kinds of formulas of table [1] be completed what difficult! In real foundry enterprise, be mostly multi-product, many materials, many trades mark cast prod series, its handling of goods and materials and organization of production more difficult!
In a word, under existing resource condition, when foundry enterprise produces ironcasting, to be difficult to find in the face of low-phosphorous, the sulphur pig iron of high-quality, need stock's pig iron trade mark numerous and disorderly, the materials supply difficulty of " steel scrap " resource atrophy day by day; Meanwhile, batching is difficult, management is difficult, organization of production is difficult, and the energy dissipation therefore caused is large, abnormal quality fluctuation is large, social cost and enterprise cost all constantly rise.This present situation should be improved!
" the concrete physical form " of its achievement is considered as " cast iron " by the present invention, and according to treating " ironcasting " similar requirement, according to common " ironcasting " manufacturing technique requirent, specialized designs is carried out to its Chemical Composition, thus new high-quality, efficient, the energy-saving pig iron kind that become for using in other purposes " ironcasting " production, overcome above-mentioned difficulties.Meanwhile, ironmaking enterprise can not be also the product pointed to because of production achievement of the present invention and changing on a large scale its original perfect Production Flow Chart, improves providing new way easily for the direction of present situation being become better.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium, this foundry iron is alloy or liquid cast, and its Chemical Composition is by mass percentage: Si≤0.4%, 3.30%≤C≤3.60%, 0.2%≤Mn≤0.5%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.05%, 0 < V≤0.5%, 0 < Ti≤0.6%, all the other are Fe, and silicon carbon ratio≤0.12, eutectic degree≤0.85.
Foundry iron provided by the invention requires " Si/C "≤0.12, Sc≤0.85, and its concrete Chemical Composition design load is as following table [6]:
Table [6]: the Chemical Composition of low " silicon carbon ratio " " hypoeutectic degree " energy-saving " vanadium, titanium " foundry iron
Its Chemical Composition design load is all not identical with all kinds of pig iron prescribed values of existing national standard, as table [7]:
Table [7]: the Chemical Composition of all kinds of pig iron of existing national standard
" the concrete physical form " of achievement of the present invention, namely, the production method of " low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium " product, identical with the means that existing employing blast furnace iron-making process produces cast iron product, Production Flow Chart is similar, only in original blast furnace ironmaking flow process between blast furnace iron notch and pig-casting machine, Chemical Composition regulation measure need be increased and namely can realize.
Containing a certain amount of V, Ti element in foundry iron, they can be former iron ore therefore have component, also can be in smelting iron process, are the component added by process specifications people;
Explanation of nouns:
Containing Si(silicon in " silicon carbon ratio "-foundry iron and iron casting) amount (%) with containing C(carbon) measure the ratio of (%), show it with " Si/C ";
The actual carbon content of " eutectic degree "-cast iron departs from direction and the degree of eutectic point, the ratio of cylinder iron carbon content and the actual carbon amounts of eutectic point can represent, shows it with Sc:
C in formula---cast iron carbon amounts, %
C
c'---the actual carbon amounts of cast iron eutectic point, % (stability series)
As Sc < 1, be hypoeutectic, Sc=1 is eutectic, and Sc > 1, for hypereutectic;
" concrete physical form ": " molten iron " of one of two of blast furnace ironmaking kinds of products is directly considered as " cast iron ", and design according to treating the Chemical Composition of " ironcasting " similar requirement to it, thus become new efficient, the energy-saving pig iron kind that can be used for using during " ironcasting " is produced.And when it is still in a certain link in blast furnace iron-making process stream, its Chemical Composition is regulated and controled, make it to meet design requirements.It can be liquid, also can be solid-state.
Blast-melted " the outer biliquid facture of stove " processing method is adopted to produce low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium:
The essence of blast furnace ironmaking be from iron ore (rhombohedral iron ore, magnetite ...) in ferro element is reduced to iron from the oxide compound of iron, it is the most basic chemical reaction of blast-furnace smelting.Beyond deironing, a small amount of silicon, manganese, phosphorus also can restore by blast furnace ironmaking process, and are dissolved in molten iron.Owing to ferro element will be reduced to iron from the oxide compound of iron, need the heat energy of appropriate reductive agent and q.s, and both is continuous burning high-carbon organic substance in blast furnace, as coke, coal dust and Sweet natural gas etc. obtain, therefore, so-called blast furnace ironmaking, what in fact obtain is not pure iron, but containing C, Si, Mn, P, S ... Deng polynary " iron-carbon (Fe-C) " alloy of other element, in actual life, usually cry it for " pig iron ".
" pig iron " is divided into two large classes." pig iron " for making steel is the refining guiding principle pig iron, and " pig iron " for iron casting production is named " foundry iron ".Traditional " pig iron " producing and manufacturing technique is in same seat blast furnace, (that is: changes charge composition and to " the air feed system " in stove etc. by " change iron operation " ...) realize this two classes pig iron production (as figure [3]).The chemical constitution of this two classes pig iron is identical, and just the weight percent of contained each chemical composition requires different (as table [7]).In real production practice, except accounting for the foundry iron of pig iron total amount 10% for the production of except iron casting, the pig iron of 90% will be smelted into steel.Therefore, many large-scale smelting ironworkss main task is for steel-making enterprise provides the refining guiding principle pig iron, and produce foundry iron, in daily production, Bian is with " changing iron operation ", can cause a lot of difficulty to blast furnace ironmaking management and flow process allotment aspect.
And traditional blast furnace ironmaking flow process, can not realize accurately regulating and controlling to the chemical constitution of its product and concrete percentage composition.Because, the macrostructure of blast furnace be one with terrestrial attraction hollow cylinder body in the same way, ore and coke load in stove in batches, therefore, ore and coke in blast furnace in regular layered distribution.Air blast produces coal gas of high temperature at region, air port and coke and coal dust firing, and iron oxide reduction is being become metallic iron by coal gas of high temperature in upper blast furnace flow process, makes iron ore realize Fe-O and is separated; The heat that coal gas carries, by iron and slag melting and overheated, realizes being separated of iron and slag.In smelting process, in blast furnace, high-temperature furnace gas adds the various metallurgical reaction condition of thermosetting to solid materials in flow process from the bottom to top, and solid materials moves from top to bottom by after this effect, constantly carries starting material.Owing to there is inevitable furnace wall effect, produce batch mixing between each bed of material also inevitable! Therefore, in blast furnace, the carbon content of iron liquid has great impact to gas liquid reaction and the reaction of slag iron, the number that actual iron liquid contains carbon amounts is determined by cementation process, phosphorus in iron ore can be entered in molten iron by 100% reduction, therefore. strictly must control the phosphorus content of iron ore, therefore in traditional smelting iron process, operator cannot control the concrete content of the chemical composition of iron liquid in blast furnace directly and accurately!
Above-mentioned objective condition is the reason that many smelting ironworkss are difficult to produce hi-quality foundry pig irons!
In order to produce the product of achievement of the present invention (or producing other foundry iron), the application proposes a kind of brand-new foundry iron Production Flow Chart and Chemical Composition regulate and control method thereof, this is: " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " is for the production of foundry iron, its advantage is: the while of " changing iron to operate " difficulty in the traditional blast furnace ironmaking flow process of release, realize effectively controlling accurately cast iron product chemical composition content.Its production technological process is as shown in [4]:
Produce the feature of foundry iron with " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " as can be seen from figure [4]: Bian, do not affect traditional blast furnace ironmaking flow process (figure [3]), but give up on this basis traditional " changing iron operation ", the method for a kind of novel production foundry iron that " changing iron operation " is formed is substituted with " refining flow process ".Here " refining flow process " can be all operations flow process of hot metal pretreatment, initial refining and secondary refining in " the long flow process of Iron and Steel Production ", also can be all operations flow process of hot metal pretreatment, initial refining and secondary refining in " Iron and Steel Production abbreviated system ".{ the main flow process of modern process for making has two kinds, that is: the long flow process of Iron and Steel Production: from ironmaking crude fuel (as agglomerate, pellet, coke etc.) prepares, raw material enters blast furnace and obtains liquid molten iron through reducing and smelting, top and bottom complex blowing oxygen coverter is blended into through hot metal pretreatment (as desulfurization, desiliconization, dephosphorization), impurity is removed through blowing, molten steel is poured in ladle, molten steel sublimate is made through secondary refining (as RH, TJ, VD etc.), then molten steel becomes steel billet through coagulation forming (continuous casting), more finally becomes steel through rolling process.Because this explained hereafter unit is many. the production cycle is long, in large scale, is therefore referred to as the long flow process of Iron and Steel Production; The long flow process of Iron and Steel Production: by the steel scrap of recycling after broken, sorting are processed, join in electric arc furnace through preheating, electric arc furnace utilizes electric energy to make energy melting waste steel, remove impurity (as phosphorus, sulphur) to tap afterwards, then obtain qualified molten steel through secondary refining (as LF/VD).Then molten steel becomes steel billet through coagulation forming (continuous casting), more finally becomes steel (Xue Zhengliang edits, " ferrous metallurgy outline ", metallurgical industry press, the 2008.8,99th page) through rolling process.In other words: " blast-melted stove outer biliquid facture " (so-called " stove is outer " refer to molten iron flow out blast furnace iron notch after) is in fact with the pre-treatment in traditional blast furnace ironmaking technology and traditional steel-smelting production process, the set of refining link, namely being on two kinds of method bases, is a kind of integrated innovation that the method for producing foundry iron is carried out! Its core essence is the concrete content of the Chemical Composition of the pig iron is in smelting iron process, when being still in liquid state, be divided into two kinds of chemical compositions identical but after molten metal that is different percentage composition is blended into mutually, form the new molten metal that a kind of chemical composition but percentage composition of its percentage composition and foundry iron identical with first two coincide, it is exactly the liquid form of achievement of the present invention.Thus the concrete content achieving the Chemical Composition of the product to achievement of the present invention carries out effectively and accurately controlling, reach the object of producing foundry iron by desired design.As shown in figure [5]:
The smelting iron process flow process of this method to existing pig does not make large change, just when foundry iron produced by needs, two parts are divided into by blast-melted, a part enters mixed iron machine (I) as blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use, its Chemical Composition is original value, another part is as (can being any smelting furnace for making steel by the blast-melted feeding refining furnace of refining, user can suit measures to local conditions concrete select wherein one or more) in after regulation and control each constituent content to processing requirement, formed " middle molten iron (M2) ", its Chemical Composition is the design load for the treatment of process requirement.Now, respectively by blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use and " middle molten iron (M2) " according to low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium is each elementary composition and inject mixed iron machine (II) containing measuring suitable weight, when the two kinds of molten metals (i.e. " biliquid ") in mixed iron machine (II) are blended into the various chemical composition of the other side mutually and weight percent is consistent, product in mixed iron machine (II) is " energy-saving ' vanadium of low ' silicon carbon ratio ' ' hypoeutectic degree ', titanium ' foundry iron " liquid cast form (M3) (produce other foundry iron also can), or claim liquid cast product, its chemical compositions by percentage is the prescribed value of achievement of the present invention.Carried out ironcasting of casting to obtain.This moment, it can have two kinds of flow directions, as shown in figure [4]:
A, pour in the metal mold of pig-casting machine, after its cooled and solidified, just become the solid-state cast prod of achievement of the present invention, can be used for the starting material that each iron casting production enterprise produces other ironcasting;
B, the liquid cast product that will mix in iron machine (II), combine with other iron casting production flow process, by the process specifications of ironcasting product of being about in iron casting production flow process pour into a mould, after carrying out further corresponding art breading, pour in iron casting production flow process as in the casting mold of other ironcasting product preparation, after its cooled and solidified, just become other ironcasting product.
When " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " produces foundry iron, preparative chemistry composition meets " middle molten iron (M2) " for the treatment of process requirement design load, is important key link.The technological method of preparation " middle molten iron (M2) " and the pre-treatment carried out with blast-melted steel-making and refinery practice completely the same in method, just object is not identical.The object of the pre-treatment that blast-melted steel-making is carried out and refinery practice after pre-treatment and refining, is made into steel ingot or steel billet by blast-melted, for the production of all kinds of steel or production steel casting; And prepare " time middle molten iron (M2); to the object of the blast-melted pre-treatment carried out and refining; be to it be used for being blended in blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use completely; carry out specific aim regulation and control to the chemical compositions by percentage of blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use, making it chemical compositions by percentage reaches its prescribed value; It is not product, and is only used for " master alloy " (liquid state) when producing foundry iron, and namely " middle molten iron (M2) is a kind of pilot process in preparation.
Due to the percentage composition of the Chemical Composition of blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use, fluctuate with blast-furnace smelting situation, and blast furnace ironmaking be continue, long-time continual activity in production, therefore, " biliquid process " should complete rapidly, efficiently.This just wishes that " middle molten iron (M2) " Chemical Composition is simple and percentage composition is relatively stable, and ability of regulation and control just may be strong.Thus, the application first elects Bian " basic electric arc furnace oxidation style smelting technology " preparation " middle molten iron (M2) ".{ electric furnace smelting process can be divided into oxidation style, return oxidation style and non-oxidizing process three types.The feature of oxidation style is in the smelting engineering aerobic phase, can carbon elimination, dephosphorization, removal gas and be mingled with, and oxidation style is topmost method for making steel.Because, basic electric arc furnace oxidation style smelts the phosphorus can removed in steel, (Xue Zhengliang edits, " ferrous metallurgy outline ", metallurgical industry press, 2008.8,112nd page) simultaneously, specific aim carbon drop, silicon, sulphur (can be reduced to and can ignore) etc. can also be carried out, so just phosphorus, sulphur two element can be reduced to zero from " middle molten iron (M2) " chemical constitution, and all the other component percentages can accomplish specific aim!
The innovative point of achievement of the present invention and meaning:
Foundry iron provided by the invention, by " pig iron " of one of blast furnace ironmaking product, is regarded it as " cast iron ".When it is still in liquid state, be " liquid cast "; When it is in solid-state, just become " ironcasting ".This " ironcasting " both can be the starting material of the ironcasting producing other purposes, and it also can be after increasing suitable technological measure online, directly become the ironcasting of other purposes.When it is as when producing the starting material of ironcasting of other purposes, no matter be liquid or solid-state, its Chemical Composition all should meet the regulation of table [6].It is except silicone content (Si%), and all the other Chemical Composition all cover the Chemical Composition of the cast iron product that current all standards specify, and sets a strict scope (3.30% ~ 3.60%) for carbon content (C%).Therefore it has alternative effect fully to other cast iron product.If achievement of the present invention is able to scale operation and promotes the use of, will greatly reduce the handling cost of the whole society to foundry pig iron, improve for foundry enterprise and stabilised quality, enhance productivity, reduce production cost, save energy, effective way is provided.
Foundry iron provided by the invention Chemical Composition design in, special requirement vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) existence and give boundary.This is because, in iron casting production field, how better, resource is to improve the over-all properties of ironcasting, to further developing of China's equipment manufacture, most important effectively to utilize " vanadium (V), the titanium (Ti) " be derived from " magnetite " extensively distributed in China more.
For decades recently, relevant expert, scholar is at " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " pig iron carried out extensive research in the effective application aspect in iron casting production field, obtain and enrich achievement, the long waterside in field as Sichuan University to be taught in 1984 just chopsticks << V Ti nodular cast iron >> mono-book (the Sichuan People's Press, date of publication: December in 1984 the 1st edition), all demonstrate " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " pig iron can not only be used for iron casting production field, and " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " in most of the cases, highly effective to raising ironcasting over-all properties.But, in relevant area and the enterprise of China's casting field, as the enterprise in the iron casting production field in southwest, " vanadium (V), titanium (the Ti) " pig iron selecting Panzhihua Region to produce is but very limited as the main raw of iron casting production, and this causes the waste of a large amount of high-quality " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " and iron resources.
Investigate and find after experimental study: what this present situation produced has its source in that the Chemical Composition combination of the pig iron of existing Domestic Correlative Standard as a rule, is unfavorable for the advantage embodying " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " widely to this has been.
Foundry iron provided by the invention defines the distinguishing feature of low " silicon carbon ratio " " hypoeutectic ", and the efficiency utilization being conducive to " vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) " resource is saved iron resources;
In foundry iron provided by the invention, be that carbon content (C%) sets a strict scope (3.30 ~ 3.60%) at First National.This product for use achievement of the present invention carries out the enterprise of iron casting production, when the size according to this ironcasting, properity requirement, production method and means, rhythm of production etc. carry out " batching ", carbon content (C%) can be used as in " batching " process, the point of suppon that Chemical Composition regulates.When user only needs the silicone content (Si%) adjusting it just can realize producing ironcasting, design " carbon equivalent " is to the specific requirement of Chemical Composition.Simultaneously, because achievement of the present invention is " hypoeutectic " category, also each to " P, S, V, Ti " element is strictly limited, therefore, the product of achievement of the present invention is used to carry out the enterprise of iron casting production, without the need to during by tradition " batching ", have to add " steel scrap " in a large number (refering in particular to steel spare and accessory parts or steel clout that other work posts or industry can not recycle) and regulate Chemical Composition, just can realize the regulation and control of Chemical Composition.Therefore, when using achievement of the present invention, smelting time can being saved, improve smelting efficiency, almost relieve the dependence of iron casting production to " steel scrap ", the reflow waste of the energy produced because using " steel scrap " being saved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is iron-carbon balance phasor;
Fig. 2 is the general technology flow process of " melting link ";
Fig. 3 is smelting iron process schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 4 is that biliquid facture produces foundry iron process flow sheet;
Fig. 5 is biliquid facture Chemical Composition regulate and control method schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
A kind of low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium, this foundry iron is alloy or liquid cast, and its Chemical Composition is by mass percentage: Si is 0.2%, C is 3.45%, Mn is 0.3%, P is 0.045%, S be 0.05%, V is 0.31%, Ti is 0.18%, all the other are Fe, and silicon carbon ratio is 0.06, and eutectic degree is 0.82.
Here is that the Chemical Composition that the Chemical Composition of the metallurgical pig iron of the daily production of Panzhihua Region iron work and achievement of the present invention specify contrasts, table [8]:
Table [8]:
Can find from contrast, the Chemical Composition value of the metallurgical pig iron of daily for this factory production is regulated to the Chemical Composition value that achievement of the present invention specifies, change products as foundry iron online by the metallurgical pig iron, only need the Chemical Composition of the metallurgical pig iron of daily production:
C%3.3 ~ 3.6 are reduced in C%5.4 ~ 5.5,
P≤0.05 is reduced in P%0.07 ~ 0.073,
S≤0.05 is reduced in S%0.07 ~ 0.075,
Silicon, manganese, Vanadium, titanium are without the need to adjusting again.The foundry iron product of production achievement of the present invention based on this metallurgical pig iron, Bian is example with " basic electric arc furnace oxidation style smelting technology " preparation " middle molten iron (M2) ", carrys out concrete practice when brief description " blast-melted stove outward biliquid facture " produces foundry iron:
1. " middle molten iron (M2) " design computing:
When " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " produces foundry iron, front in preparation " middle molten iron (M2) ", first reply produce in blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use weight W1 of entering into mixed iron machine (I) be defined as constant value, for blast-melted online practical measurement chemical compositions by percentage value, the chemical compositions by percentage of liquid cast (M3) is set to regulation constant value, " blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use " is obtained like this by computing, " middle molten iron (M2) ", relation between liquid cast (M3) weight each other and chemical compositions by percentage, so that during production scene preparation " middle molten iron (M2) ", to the regulation and control of its chemical compositions by percentage and when " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " produces foundry iron, fixed " middle molten iron (the M2) " consumption of Yong carries out actually operating.
If: the weight of the foundry iron M3 when carrying out this foundry iron products production, middle molten iron M2, blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use is respectively W3, W2, W1;
In order to determine to determine the middle usage quantity W2 of molten iron M2 or the design load of its Chemical Composition when " blast-melted stove outer biliquid facture " operates, relation between them can be found out by lower column operations: be described for carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur five elements.
As table [9] be classified as the Chemical Composition percent value of " blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use ", " middle molten iron (M2) ", liquid cast (M3):
Table [9]: the Chemical Composition percent value of " blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use ", " middle molten iron (M2) ", liquid cast (M3):
1.1, the absolute carbon content of liquid cast (M3) should be: W3*C3=W2*C2+W1*C1
Calculate thus and can obtain:
W2*C2=W3*C3-W1*C1
C2=（W3*C3-W1*C1）/W2………（1）
W2=（W3*C3-W1*C1）/C2………（2）
When formula (1), (2) have given expression to the carbon content regulation and control of this foundry iron product by different way, the middle requirement W2 of molten iron M2 and the percentage ratio C2 of carbon content thereof, and liquid cast (M3), relation between blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use relevant parameter.
1.2, the absolute silicon content of liquid cast (M3) should be: W3*Si3=W2*Si2+W1*Si1
Calculate thus and can obtain:
W2*Si2=W3*Si3-W1*Si1
Si2=（W3*Si3-W1*Si1）/W2………（3）
W2=（W3*Si3-W1*Si1）/C2………（4）
When formula (3), (4) have given expression to the carbon content regulation and control of this foundry iron product by different way, the middle requirement W2 of molten iron M2 and the percentage ratio Si2 of silicone content thereof, and liquid cast (M3), relation between blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use relevant parameter.
1.3, the absolute manganese content of liquid cast (M3) should be: W3*Mn3=W2*Mn2+W1*Mn1
Calculate thus and can obtain:
W2*Mn2=W3*Mn3-W1*Mn1
Mn2=（W3*Mn3-W1*Mn1）/W2………（5）
W2=（W3*Mn3-W1*Mn1）/Mn2………（6）
When formula (5), (6) have given expression to the carbon content regulation and control of this foundry iron product by different way, the middle requirement W2 of molten iron M2 and the percentage ratio Mn2 of Fe content thereof, and liquid cast (M3), relation between blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use relevant parameter.
1.4, the Absolute phosphoric content of liquid cast (M3) should be: W3*P3=W2*P2+W1*P1
Calculate thus and can obtain:
W2*P2=W3*P3-W1*P1
P2=（W3*P3-W1*P1）/W2………（7）
W2=（W3*P3-W1*P1）/C2………（8）
When formula (7), (8) have given expression to the phosphorus content regulation and control of this foundry iron product by different way, the middle requirement W2 of molten iron M2 and the percentage ratio P2 of phosphorus content thereof, and liquid cast (M3), relation between blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use relevant parameter.
1.5, the absolute sulphur content of liquid cast (M3) should be: W3*S3=W2*S2+W1*S1
Calculate thus and can obtain:
W2*S2=W3*S3-W1*S1
S2=（W3*S3-W1*S1）/W2………（9）
W2=（W3*S3-W1*S1）/C2………（10）
When formula (9), (10) have given expression to the sulphur content regulation and control of this foundry iron product by different way, the middle requirement W2 of molten iron M2 and the percentage ratio P2 of sulphur content thereof, and liquid cast (M3), relation between blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use relevant parameter.
By that analogy, the calculating formula of the element of other plan regulation and control all of foundry iron product can be drawn.
Should give one's full attention to, blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use chemical constitution is very complicated, and usually primarily of C, Si, Mn, P, S five elements composition, they can because of iron ore kind, the place of production and smelting technology, working of a furnace difference, and corresponding percentage composition is also different.Therefore, relative complex and difficulty is regulated and controled.P, S two element in most of the cases, as harmful element exist, thus wish that its content is low as far as possible.
As can be seen from formula (1) ~ (10), to the use of middle molten iron M2, our need of production can be met from two approach.One is that the quantum of output W3 of the usage quantity W2 of middle molten iron M2 and liquid cast (M3) is designed to constant value, according to the variation of blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use chemical constitution, and the design load of the Chemical Composition of molten iron M2 in the middle of regulation and control; Two is that the Chemical Composition of middle molten iron M2 is designed to definite value, the usage quantity W2 of molten iron M2 and the quantum of output W3 of liquid cast (M3) in the middle of variation.In production concrete do what select, should depending on the working condition of its each enterprise and operating habit.
Here cited production instance, the Bian approach of " the quantum of output W3 of the usage quantity W2 of middle molten iron M2 and liquid cast (M3) being designed to constant value; according to the variation of blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use chemical constitution, the design load of the Chemical Composition of molten iron M2 in the middle of regulation and control " is produced.Specifically be calculated as follows:
The first step: owing to needing to change products as the foundry iron product of achievement of the present invention online by the metallurgical cast iron product of daily for this factory production, now record Chemical Composition that its Chemical Composition and achievement of the present invention specify as table [8], therefore: epicycle is changed the line of production the Chemical Composition needed the metallurgical pig iron of daily production:
C%3.3 ~ 3.6 are reduced in C%5.4 ~ 5.5
P≤0.05 is reduced in P%0.07 ~ 0.073,
S≤0.05 is reduced in S%0.07 ~ 0.075,
Second step: we, by often producing one batch, obtain the quantum of output W3=30 ton of liquid cast (M3), produce,
So, the amount W1=18 ton of blast-melted (M1) for subsequent use
The amount W2=12 ton of middle molten iron M2
3rd step: by the corresponding formula of formula (1) ~ (10), the proportion by subtraction of the weight needing the chemical composition of regulation and control is calculated, the Chemical Composition design load of middle molten iron M2 should be, (Chemical Composition be a scope get its mean value, all the other be maximum value) as shown [9]:
Carbon (C%): C2=(W3*C3-W1*C1)/W2
=(30*3.45-18*5.45）/12
=0.45
Phosphorus (P%): P2=(W3*P3-W1*P1)/W2
=(30*0.05-18*0.0715）/12
=0.01775
≈0.017
Can be decided to be≤0.017
Sulphur (S%): S2=(W3*S3-W1*S1)/W2
=（30*0.05-18*0.0725）/12
=0.01625
≈0.016
Can be decided to be≤0.016
The Chemical Composition design load of molten iron M2 in the middle of when epicycle is changed the line of production, table [9]
2. carry out " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " by flow process shown in figure [3] and produce foundry iron:
2.1 are poured into mixed iron machine (I) by blast-melted 18 tons for subsequent use, stand-by;
12 tons of blast-melted feeding basic electric arc furnaces are carried out oxidation style smelting operation by 2.2, object be the phosphorus in steel, sulphur content are not reduced to≤0.017 and≤0.016, then its carbon content is adjusted to 0.45%.At the end of basic electric arc furnace carries out oxidation style smelting operation, molten iron in basic electric arc furnace by blast-melted become this need middle molten iron M2, its Chemical Composition actual value, for shown in table [10], has met the Chemical Composition design load of molten iron M2 in the middle of when epicycle is changed the line of production;
The Chemical Composition actual value of molten iron M2 in the middle of when epicycle is changed the line of production, table [10]
2.3 will mix in iron machine (I) 18 tons for subsequent use blast-melted with this need 12 tons in the middle of molten iron, or successively, or pour into mixed iron machine (II) simultaneously, and carry out stirring 2 ~ 5 minutes, the Chemical Composition of the molten metal after check mixes has reached the requirement of liquid cast (M3), and " the outer biliquid facture of blast-melted stove " completes; Now, the quantum of output of liquid cast (M3) is 30 tons, and survey its Chemical Composition actual value as table [11], carbon equivalent is 3.53%, is less than 4.3%, belongs to hypoeutectic (eutectic degree is 0.82); Silicon carbon ratio is 0.06, is less than 0.12; Meet the regulation that the present invention becomes fruit product;
Liquid cast (M3) the Chemical Composition actual value that epicycle is produced, table [11]
Liquid cast (M3) is poured into the metal mold of pig-casting machine by 2.4, is the product solid form of achievement of the present invention after its cooled and solidified; If the Chemical Composition of this liquid cast (M3) and temperature are adjusted to further after meeting other casting pouring conditions of production, directly be poured in its casting mold, other ironcastings after its cooled and solidified, in this case, this liquid cast (M3) is the liquid form that the present invention becomes fruit product;
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (5)
1. a low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving preparation method containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, this foundry iron is alloy or liquid cast, its Chemical Composition is by mass percentage: Si≤0.4%, 3.30%≤C≤3.60%, 0.2%≤Mn≤0.5%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.05%, 0 < V≤0.5%, 0 < Ti≤0.6%, all the other are Fe, and silicon carbon ratio≤0.12, eutectic degree≤0.85, it is characterized in that: adopt blast-melted " the outer biliquid facture of stove " to produce foundry iron, the concrete content of the Chemical Composition of the pig iron is in smelting iron process, when being still in liquid state, be divided into two kinds of chemical compositions identical but after molten metal that is different percentage composition is blended into mutually, form a kind of chemical composition but its percentage composition and low silicon carbon ratio identical with first two, hypoeutectic, the new molten metal that the energy-saving percentage composition containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium coincide, be liquid cast, carried out alloy iron casting of casting to obtain.
2. low silicon carbon ratio according to claim 1, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving preparation method containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, it is characterized in that: this foundry iron Chemical Composition is by mass percentage: Si is 0.2%, C is 3.45%, Mn be 0.3%, P is 0.045%, S is 0.05%, V is 0.31%, Ti is 0.18%, and all the other are Fe, and silicon carbon ratio is 0.06, eutectic degree is 0.82.
3. low silicon carbon ratio according to claim 1, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving preparation method containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, it is characterized in that: when producing foundry iron, two parts are divided into by blast-melted, a part blast-meltedly enters mixed iron machine as subsequent use, its Chemical Composition is original value, another part is as after being regulated and controled each constituent content to processing requirement in the blast-melted feeding refining furnace of refining, molten iron in the middle of being formed, now, respectively by blast-melted and middle molten iron for subsequent use according to low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving foundry iron containing vanadium and titanium is each elementary composition and inject mixed iron machine containing measuring suitable weight, when two kinds of molten metals in mixed iron machine are blended into the various chemical composition of the other side mutually and weight percent is consistent, product in mixed iron machine is low silicon carbon ratio, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving liquid cast containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, carried out alloy iron casting of casting to obtain.
4. low silicon carbon ratio according to claim 3, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving preparation method containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, is characterized in that: the Chemical Composition of middle molten iron is the design load that treatment process requires.
5. low silicon carbon ratio according to claim 3, hypoeutectic, the energy-saving preparation method containing the foundry iron of vanadium and titanium, is characterized in that: middle molten iron phosphorus, sulphur two element chemistry composition is reduced to zero.
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