CN103172132B - Seawater desalting device and method of off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump - Google Patents
Seawater desalting device and method of off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172132B CN103172132B CN201310078443.8A CN201310078443A CN103172132B CN 103172132 B CN103172132 B CN 103172132B CN 201310078443 A CN201310078443 A CN 201310078443A CN 103172132 B CN103172132 B CN 103172132B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sweater desalting device of an off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump. The sweater desalting device of the off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump comprises a direct-expansion type solar heat pump system, a material water tank, a heat storage water tank, a flash tank and a master controller, wherein the direct-expansion type solar heat pump system comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal evaporator; the photovoltaic photo-thermal evaporator is connected with a second tee joint, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a drying filter, a visual liquid lens, a throttling device and a first tee joint by a pipeline in sequence; and the first tee joint is connected with a first solenoid valve, a regenerative heat evaporator, a condensing evaporator, a second solenoid valve and the second tee joint by a pipeline in sequence. The invention further discloses a method for desalting the sweater by utilizing the seawater desalting device of the off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump. According to the seawater desalting device and the seawater desalting method of off-grid type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupled heat pump disclosed by the invention, the renewable energy sources can be sufficiently utilized and the energy utilization efficiency is improved, so that the off-grid operation of the sweater desalting device in remote areas including an island without power supply and the like is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photovoltaic photothermal technique and field of sea water desalting technology, relate to a kind of from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant and utilize it to carry out the method for seawater or brackish water desalination.
Technical background
Water is the source of all life.Along with industrial or agricultural development, population fast growth, the demand of fresh water will sharply increase, and shortage of fresh water is the serious problems that many countries will face future.Especially in some island and remote area, saltwater lake, water resources is mostly seawater or brackish water, fresh water famine, power supply is simultaneously also more difficult, but solar energy resources is abundant, therefore utilizing sun power to carry out seawater or brackish water desalination, is the important channel that solves these regional shortage of fresh water problems.The water production rate of tradition passive type solar energy distiller unit daylighting area is too low, is only 4-8kg/m
2d, has limited its range of application greatly.Although be equipped with the water production rate of the active solar energy Distallation systm unit daylighting area of solar energy collector, increase, because the heat-collecting temperature of solar energy heat collector is higher, cause collecting efficiency lower; Meanwhile, active solar energy collecting system generally needs the fluid drive apparatus such as water pump, and application external electrical network, for system provides electric power, does not possess practicality in the island or the remote districts that lack supply of electric power.
Publication number is that the Chinese invention patent of CN101316080B discloses a kind of electric energy and heat energy that utilizes solar photovoltaic spot light generating to produce, after promoting by heat pump, as the vapor flash device thermal source of low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device, utilize renewable energy source to realize the device of sea water desaltination.The main problem that has following San Ge aspect of this device: utilize condensing tracking device to increase the complexity of system; Do not utilize the condensation latent heat of secondary steam; Because converging of sunlight may make vaporization temperature higher, cause lubricant in compressor charing, cause system not run well.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that utilization is carried out sea water desaltination from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant, comprises direct expanding solar heating pump system, raw material water tank 18, hot water storage tank 17, flash tank 20 and primary controller;
Direct expanding solar heating pump system comprises photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, and the outlet 1 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer is connected with the entrance 11 of the second threeway 2, gas-liquid separator 3, compressor 4, condenser 5, reservoir 6, device for drying and filtering 7, liquid-sighting glass 8, throttling set 9, the first threeway 10, photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer successively by pipeline; Solar Total Irradiance Monitor and the first temperature sensor be arranged on photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 surface or near; The first threeway 10 is connected with the second threeway 2 with the first magnetic valve 13, backheat vaporizer 14, condenser/evaporator 15, the second magnetic valve 16 successively by pipeline; Condenser 5 is arranged at the inside of hot water storage tank 17; In described direct expanding solar heating pump system, be provided with refrigeration agent; Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 is connected with controller 33, invertor 35 successively by circuit, and controller 33 is connected by circuit is two-way with store battery 34;
The outlet of raw material water tank 18 is connected with the entrance on hot water storage tank 17 tops with the 3rd magnetic valve 19 successively by pipeline;
Hot water storage tank 17 top is connected with the 4th magnetic valve 22, flash tank 20 successively by pipeline; In hot water storage tank 17 inside, be provided with the second temperature sensor;
Flash tank 20 bottoms are connected with the first check valve 23, sea water circulating pump 24, the 3rd threeway 25 and hot water storage tank 17 bottoms successively by pipeline; The 3rd threeway 25 is connected with the strong brine entrance 27 of the 5th magnetic valve 26, backheat vaporizer 14 successively by pipeline, and the strong brine outlet 28 of backheat vaporizer 14 is connected with strong brine delivery pipe; Condenser/evaporator 15 is arranged on the top of flash tank 20 inside, is provided with water-collecting tray 21 below condenser/evaporator 15; Flash tank 20 top is provided with product water outlet 32, and product water outlet 32 is connected with water-collecting tray 21, and product water outlet 32 is connected with the water-in on product water tank 29 tops by pipeline, and product water tank 29 bottom is provided with product water feed water inlet; Product water tank 29 top is connected with the second check valve 30, vacuum pumping pump 31 successively by pipeline;
Described primary controller is electrically connected to the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16, the 3rd magnetic valve 19, the 4th magnetic valve 22, the 5th magnetic valve 26, sea water circulating pump 24, vacuum pumping pump 31, compressor 4, Solar Total Irradiance Monitor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and invertor 35 respectively.
Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 is comprised of solar energy collector and the photovoltaic cell that is arranged on described solar energy collector surface.
Flat plate collector or the vacuum tube collector of the preferred flat plate collector of solar energy collector, cover plate.
The preferred monocrystalline silicon battery of photovoltaic cell, polycrystal silicon cell, amorphous silicon battery or hull cell.
Flash tank 20 preferred body Flash Type flash tanks or spray Flash Type flash tank.
The preferred plate-type heat exchanger of backheat vaporizer 14, tube and shell heat exchanger or double-pipe exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator 15, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser 5, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
Water-collecting tray 21 bottom is preferably provided with catches foam net.
Utilize a method of carrying out sea water desaltination from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant, comprise the steps:
When there being the photovoltaic cell surface shining upon on photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, the electric energy that photovoltaic cell produces is by control accumulators 34 chargings of controller 33, and store battery 34 provides electric energy by controller 33 and invertor 35 for sea water desaltination;
The solar irradiance recording when Solar Total Irradiance Monitor is greater than 200W/m
2or first envrionment temperature that record of temperature sensor during higher than 5 ℃, primary controller is controlled compressor 4 and is automatically opened, refrigeration agent is subject to thermal evaporation in photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, becoming low-pressure gas flows out by the outlet 1 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer, second threeway 2 of flowing through arrives in gas-liquid separator 3 carries out gas-liquid separation, low-pressure gas after separation becomes high temperature and high pressure gas and enters and in condenser 5, discharge latent heat and become highly pressurised liquid after to the seawater in hot water storage tank 17 after compressor 4 compression, the highly pressurised liquid reservoir 6 of flowing through, device for drying and filtering 7 and liquid-sighting glass 8, after throttling set 9 throttlings, become the saturated air of low-temp low-pressure and the mixture of saturated solution, by the first threeway 10, entrance 11 through photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer is got back to photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, complete a circulation,
When the second temperature sensor records seawater temperature in hot water storage tank 17 higher than 60 ℃, primary controller is controlled vacuum pumping pump 31 and is opened, and the gas in flash tank 20 and product water tank 29 is discharged by the second check valve 30 and vacuum pumping pump 31; The interior formation negative pressure of flash tank 20,3-10 minute after vacuum pumping pump 31 is opened, the 4th magnetic valve 22 controlled by primary controller and sea water circulating pump 24 is opened, seawater in hot water storage tank 17 flow into flash tank 20 by pipeline through the 4th magnetic valve 22, and the strong brine after flash distillation is got back to hot water storage tank 17 by pipeline through the first check valve 23, sea water circulating pump 24, the 3rd threeway 25;
Seawater forms water vapor in the interior flash distillation of flash tank 20,1-2 minute after sea water circulating pump 24 is opened, primary controller is controlled the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16, the 3rd magnetic valve 19 and the 5th magnetic valve 26 and is opened, a strong brine part through the 3rd threeway 25 flows back to hot water storage tank 17, another part strong brine enters into backheat vaporizer 14 by pipeline through the 5th magnetic valve 26, strong brine entrance 27, and the strong brine after heat exchange is discharged from strong brine delivery pipe through strong brine outlet 28; Refrigeration agent after throttling set 9 throttlings is by first threeway 10 parts, first magnetic valve 13 of flowing through, in backheat vaporizer 14 with strong brine heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter in condenser/evaporator 15, with water vapor heat exchange, heat exchange is got back to the second threeway 2 by the second magnetic valve 16, the water droplet forming after water vapor condensation enters into product water tank 29 by the road by product water outlet 32 after being collected by water-collecting tray 21, and another part of refrigeration agent flow back into photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 by pipeline; Raw material water tank 18 is that hot water storage tank 17 is mended raw material seawater by the 3rd magnetic valve 19 by the road;
Seawater temperature in the second temperature sensor records hot water storage tank 17 is during lower than 60 ℃, primary controller controls the 3rd magnetic valve 19, the 4th magnetic valve 22, the 5th magnetic valve 26 and sea water circulating pump 24 and cuts out, 1-2 minute, primary controller controls the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16 and vacuum pumping pump 31 and cuts out;
When recording the solar irradiance that seawater temperature in hot water storage tank 17 records lower than 60 ℃, Solar Total Irradiance Monitor, the second temperature sensor is less than 200W/m
2the envrionment temperature recording with the first temperature sensor is during lower than 5 ℃, and primary controller controls compressor 4 and automatically cuts out.
Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 is comprised of solar energy collector and the photovoltaic cell that is arranged on described solar energy collector surface.
Flat plate collector or the vacuum tube collector of the preferred flat plate collector of solar energy collector, cover plate.
The preferred monocrystalline silicon battery of photovoltaic cell, polycrystal silicon cell, amorphous silicon battery or hull cell.
Flash tank 20 preferred body Flash Type flash tanks or spray Flash Type flash tank.
The preferred plate-type heat exchanger of backheat vaporizer 14, tube and shell heat exchanger or double-pipe exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator 15, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser 5, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
Water-collecting tray 21 bottom is preferably provided with catches foam net.
The present invention has following positively effect:
Device of the present invention can make full use of sun power and ambient air heat energy, photovoltaic cell is combined with evaporator with heat pump and has reduced the temperature of photovoltaic cell, has improved the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell; A part using the interchanger in sea water desalinating plant as evaporator with heat pump, the sensible heat of the sensible heat of the condensation latent heat of recovered steam, condensation fresh water and discharge strong brine, improves the efficiency of energy utilization of device to greatest extent.Whole device can realize do not have supply of electric power the remote districts such as island from network operation, have that floor space is little, movability is strong simultaneously, convenient for installation and maintenance and without features such as staff on duty, can meet the seawater from far-off regions such as island and brackish water and process user's demand, there is good society and economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is of the present invention a kind of from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant schematic diagram.
In figure: the outlet 1 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer; The second threeway 2; Gas-liquid separator 3; Compressor 4; Condenser 5; Reservoir 6; Device for drying and filtering 7; Liquid-sighting glass 8; Throttling set 9; The first threeway 10; The entrance 11 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer; Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12; The first magnetic valve 13; Backheat vaporizer 14; Condenser/evaporator 15; The second magnetic valve 16; Hot water storage tank 17; Raw material water tank 18; The 3rd magnetic valve 19; Flash tank 20; Water-collecting tray 21; The 4th magnetic valve 22; The first check valve 23; Sea water circulating pump 24; The 3rd threeway 25; The 5th magnetic valve 26; Strong brine entrance 27; Strong brine outlet 28; Product water tank 29; The second check valve 30; Vacuum pumping pump 31; Product water outlet 32; Controller 33; Store battery 34; Invertor 35.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.Of the present invention is in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand better the present invention for example, but the present invention is not imposed any restrictions.
See Fig. 1.
A net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant, comprises direct expanding solar heating pump system, raw material water tank 18, hot water storage tank 17, flash tank 20 and PLC primary controller;
Direct expanding solar heating pump system comprises photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, and the outlet 1 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer is connected with the entrance 11 of the second threeway 2, gas-liquid separator 3, compressor 4, condenser 5, reservoir 6, device for drying and filtering 7, liquid-sighting glass 8, throttling set 9, the first threeway 10, photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer successively by pipeline; Solar Total Irradiance Monitor and the first temperature sensor are arranged near surface or (within 1 meter, the photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer) of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12; The first threeway 10 is connected with the second threeway 2 with the first magnetic valve 13, backheat vaporizer 14, condenser/evaporator 15, the second magnetic valve 16 successively by pipeline; Condenser 5 is arranged at the inside (condenser 5 also can adopt the seawater cycle heat exchange in external mode and hot water storage tank 17) of hot water storage tank 17; In direct expanding solar heating pump system, be provided with refrigeration agent; Refrigeration agent can select mineral compound, as water, ammonia, carbonic acid gas; The halogenide of stable hydrocarbon, as R12, R22, R134a; Hydrocarbon compound, as propane, Trimethylmethane; Azeotrope refrigerant, as R502; Non-azeotropic refrigerant, as R407C etc.; Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 is connected with controller 33, invertor 35 successively by circuit, and controller 33 is connected by circuit is two-way with store battery 34;
The outlet of raw material water tank 18 is connected with the entrance on hot water storage tank 17 tops with the 3rd magnetic valve 19 successively by pipeline;
Hot water storage tank 17 top is connected with the 4th magnetic valve 22, flash tank 20 successively by pipeline; In hot water storage tank 17 inside, be provided with the second temperature sensor;
Flash tank 20 bottoms are connected with the first check valve 23, sea water circulating pump 24, the 3rd threeway 25 and hot water storage tank 17 bottoms successively by pipeline; The 3rd threeway 25 is connected with the strong brine entrance 27 of the 5th magnetic valve 26, backheat vaporizer 14 successively by pipeline, and the strong brine outlet 28 of backheat vaporizer 14 is connected with strong brine delivery pipe; Condenser/evaporator 15 is arranged on the top of flash tank 20 inside, is provided with water-collecting tray 21 below condenser/evaporator 15; Flash tank 20 top is provided with product water outlet 32, and product water outlet 32 is connected with water-collecting tray 21, and product water outlet 32 is connected with the water-in on product water tank 29 tops by pipeline, and product water tank 29 bottom is provided with product water feed water inlet; Product water tank 29 top is connected with the second check valve 30, vacuum pumping pump 31 successively by pipeline;
PLC primary controller is electrically connected to the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16, the 3rd magnetic valve 19, the 4th magnetic valve 22, the 5th magnetic valve 26, sea water circulating pump 24, vacuum pumping pump 31, compressor 4, Solar Total Irradiance Monitor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and invertor 35 respectively.
Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 is comprised of solar energy collector and the photovoltaic cell that is arranged on described solar energy collector surface.
Flat plate collector or the vacuum tube collector of the preferred flat plate collector of solar energy collector, cover plate.
The preferred monocrystalline silicon battery of photovoltaic cell, polycrystal silicon cell, amorphous silicon battery or hull cell.
Flash tank 20 preferred body Flash Type flash tanks or spray Flash Type flash tank.
The preferred plate-type heat exchanger of backheat vaporizer 14, tube and shell heat exchanger or double-pipe exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator 15, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
The preferred straight tubular heat exchanger of condenser 5, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
Water-collecting tray 21 bottom is preferably provided with catches foam net.
The components and parts that the present invention adopts can be chosen as required from the market, and PLC primary controller can be purchased ，Ru siemens S7-200CPU224XP.
Device of the present invention, when flash tank 20 for spray Flash Type flash tank, photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12(by solar energy collector and be arranged on its surperficial photovoltaic cell and form) solar energy collector be flat plate collector, photovoltaic cell be monocrystalline silicon battery, backheat vaporizer 14 for tube and shell heat exchanger, condenser/evaporator 15 for spiral tube heat exchanger, condenser 5 be tube exchanger, when refrigeration agent is R134a, in solar irradiance, be 700W/m
2, ambient air temp is that under the condition of 25 ℃, the fresh water yield of this device is about 40kg/m
2the fresh water yield of d(and existing general traditional passive type solar energy distiller is at 4-8kg/m
2d left and right).
The method of seawater (or brackish water) desalination is carried out in utilization from net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant, comprise the steps:
When there being the photovoltaic cell surface shining upon on photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, the electric energy that photovoltaic cell produces is by control accumulators 34 chargings of controller 33, and store battery 34 provides electric energy by controller 33 and invertor 35 for whole device;
The solar irradiance recording when Solar Total Irradiance Monitor is greater than 200W/m
2or first envrionment temperature that record of temperature sensor during higher than 5 ℃, PLC primary controller is controlled compressor 4 and is automatically opened, the refrigeration agent of low-temp low-pressure absorbs solar radiant energy and ambient air heat energy and evaporates in the solar energy collector of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, becoming low-pressure gas flows out by the outlet 1 of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer, second threeway 2 of flowing through arrives in gas-liquid separator 3 carries out gas-liquid separation, low-pressure gas after separation becomes high temperature and high pressure gas and enters and in condenser 5, discharge latent heat and become highly pressurised liquid after to the seawater in hot water storage tank 17 (or brackish water) after compressor 4 compression, the highly pressurised liquid reservoir 6 of flowing through, device for drying and filtering 7 and liquid-sighting glass 8, after throttling set 9 throttlings, become the saturated air of low-temp low-pressure and the mixture of saturated solution, by the first threeway 10, entrance 11 through photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer is got back to photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12, complete a circulation,
When the second temperature sensor records seawater temperature in hot water storage tank 17 higher than 60 ℃, PLC primary controller is controlled vacuum pumping pump 31 and is opened, and the gas in flash tank 20 and product water tank 29 is discharged by the second check valve 30 and vacuum pumping pump 31; The interior formation negative pressure of flash tank 20, after opening, vacuum pumping pump 31 (also can be set as 5 minutes according to the size of vacuum pumping pump and flash tank size in 3 minutes, or 10 minutes), the 4th magnetic valve 22 controlled by PLC primary controller and sea water circulating pump 24 is opened, seawater in hot water storage tank 17 flow into flash tank 20 by pipeline through the 4th magnetic valve 22, and the strong brine after flash distillation is got back to hot water storage tank 17 by pipeline through the first check valve 23, sea water circulating pump 24, the 3rd threeway 25;
Seawater forms water vapor in the interior flash distillation of flash tank 20, after sea water circulating pump 24 is opened 1 minute (also can be set as 2 minutes according to seawater temperature and flash tank size), PLC primary controller is controlled the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16, the 3rd magnetic valve 19 and the 5th magnetic valve 26 and is opened, a strong brine part through the 3rd threeway 25 flows back to hot water storage tank 17, another part strong brine enters into backheat vaporizer 14 by pipeline through the 5th magnetic valve 26, strong brine entrance 27, and the strong brine after heat exchange is discharged from strong brine delivery pipe through strong brine outlet 28; Refrigeration agent after throttling set 9 throttlings is by first threeway 10 parts, first magnetic valve 13 of flowing through, in backheat vaporizer 14 with strong brine heat exchange the sensible heat of strong brine (absorb), after heat exchange, enter in condenser/evaporator 15, with water vapor heat exchange (absorbing latent heat and the water of condensation sensible heat of water vapor), heat exchange is got back to the second threeway 2 by the second magnetic valve 16, the water droplet forming after water vapor condensation enters into product water tank 29 by the road by product water outlet 32 after being collected by water-collecting tray 21, and another part of refrigeration agent flow back into photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer 12 by pipeline; Raw material water tank 18 is that hot water storage tank 17 is mended raw material seawater by the 3rd magnetic valve 19 by the road;
Seawater temperature in the second temperature sensor records hot water storage tank 17 is during lower than 60 ℃, PLC primary controller controls the 3rd magnetic valve 19, the 4th magnetic valve 22, the 5th magnetic valve 26 and sea water circulating pump 24 and cuts out, and 1 minute (also can be set as 2 minutes according to seawater temperature and flash tank size) rear PLC primary controller controls the first magnetic valve 13, the second magnetic valve 16 and vacuum pumping pump 31 and cuts out;
When recording the solar irradiance that seawater temperature in hot water storage tank 17 records lower than 60 ℃, Solar Total Irradiance Monitor, the second temperature sensor is less than 200W/m
2the envrionment temperature recording with the first temperature sensor is during lower than 5 ℃, and PLC primary controller controls compressor 4 and automatically cuts out.
The parcel such as pipeline, hot water storage tank and flash tank thermal insulation material, prevents the loss of heat.
The above; be only preferably embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, in the technical scope that any those of ordinary skill in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in the protection domain of this aspect.
Claims (10)
1. from a net type photovoltaic and photothermal coupling heat pump sea water desalinating plant, comprise direct expanding solar heating pump system, raw material water tank (18), hot water storage tank (17), flash tank (20) and primary controller;
Described direct expanding solar heating pump system comprises photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12), and the outlet of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (1) is connected with the entrance (11) of the second threeway (2), gas-liquid separator (3), compressor (4), condenser (5), reservoir (6), device for drying and filtering (7), liquid-sighting glass (8), throttling set (9), the first threeway (10), photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer successively by pipeline; Solar Total Irradiance Monitor and the first temperature sensor be arranged on photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12) surface or near; The first threeway (10) is connected with the first magnetic valve (13), backheat vaporizer (14), condenser/evaporator (15), the second magnetic valve (16) and the second threeway (2) successively by pipeline; Condenser (5) is arranged at the inside of hot water storage tank (17); In described direct expanding solar heating pump system, be provided with refrigeration agent; Photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12) is connected with controller (33), invertor (35) successively by circuit, and controller (33) is connected by circuit is two-way with store battery (34);
The outlet of raw material water tank (18) is connected with the entrance on hot water storage tank (17) top with the 3rd magnetic valve (19) successively by pipeline;
The top of hot water storage tank (17) is connected with the 4th magnetic valve (22), flash tank (20) successively by pipeline; In hot water storage tank (17) inside, be provided with the second temperature sensor;
Flash tank (20) bottom is connected with the first check valve (23), sea water circulating pump (24), the 3rd threeway (25) and hot water storage tank (17) bottom successively by pipeline; The 3rd threeway (25) is connected with the strong brine entrance (27) of the 5th magnetic valve (26), backheat vaporizer (14) successively by pipeline, and the strong brine outlet (28) of backheat vaporizer (14) is connected with strong brine delivery pipe; Condenser/evaporator (15) is arranged on the inner top of flash tank (20), in condenser/evaporator (15) below, is provided with water-collecting tray (21); The top of described flash tank (20) is provided with product water outlet (32), product water outlet (32) is connected with water-collecting tray (21), product water outlet (32) is connected with the water-in on product water tank (29) top by pipeline, and the bottom of product water tank (29) is provided with product water feed water inlet; The top of product water tank (29) is connected with the second check valve (30), vacuum pumping pump (31) successively by pipeline;
Described primary controller is electrically connected to the first magnetic valve (13), the second magnetic valve (16), the 3rd magnetic valve (19), the 4th magnetic valve (22), the 5th magnetic valve (26), sea water circulating pump (24), vacuum pumping pump (31), compressor (4), Solar Total Irradiance Monitor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and invertor (35) respectively.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12) is comprised of solar energy collector and the photovoltaic cell that is arranged on described solar energy collector surface.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described solar energy collector is flat plate collector or vacuum tube collector; Described photovoltaic cell is monocrystalline silicon battery, polycrystal silicon cell, amorphous silicon battery or hull cell.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described flash tank (20) is spray Flash Type flash tank; Described backheat vaporizer (14) is plate-type heat exchanger, tube and shell heat exchanger or double-pipe exchanger; Described condenser/evaporator (15) is straight tubular heat exchanger, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger; Described condenser (5) is straight tubular heat exchanger, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of described water-collecting tray (21) arranges catches foam net.
6. utilize the method that device carries out sea water desaltination described in claim 1, comprise the steps:
When there being the photovoltaic cell surface shining upon on photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12), the electric energy that photovoltaic cell produces is by control accumulators (34) charging of controller (33), and store battery (34) provides electric energy by controller (33) and invertor (35) for sea water desaltination;
When the solar irradiance recording when Solar Total Irradiance Monitor is greater than envrionment temperature that 200W/m2 or the first temperature sensor record higher than 5 ℃, primary controller is controlled compressor (4) and is automatically opened, refrigeration agent is subject to thermal evaporation in photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12), becoming low-pressure gas flows out by the outlet (1) of photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer, the second threeway (2) of flowing through arrives in gas-liquid separator (3) carries out gas-liquid separation, low-pressure gas after separation becomes high temperature and high pressure gas and enters and in condenser (5), discharge latent heat and become highly pressurised liquid after to the seawater in hot water storage tank (17) after compressor (4) compression, the highly pressurised liquid reservoir (6) of flowing through, device for drying and filtering (7) and liquid-sighting glass (8), after throttling set (9) throttling, become the saturated air of low-temp low-pressure and the mixture of saturated solution, by the first threeway (10), entrance (11) through photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer is got back to photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12), complete a circulation,
When the second temperature sensor records seawater temperature in hot water storage tank (17) higher than 60 ℃, primary controller is controlled vacuum pumping pump (31) and is opened, and the gas in flash tank (20) and product water tank (29) is discharged by the second check valve (30) and vacuum pumping pump (31); In flash tank (20), form negative pressure, 3-10 minute after vacuum pumping pump (31) is opened, the 4th magnetic valve (22) controlled by primary controller and sea water circulating pump (24) is opened, seawater in hot water storage tank (17) flow into flash tank (20) by pipeline through the 4th magnetic valve (22), and the strong brine after flash distillation is got back to hot water storage tank (17) by pipeline through the first check valve (23), sea water circulating pump (24), the 3rd threeway (25);
Seawater flash distillation in flash tank (20) forms water vapor, 1-2 minute after sea water circulating pump (24) is opened, primary controller is controlled the first magnetic valve (13), the second magnetic valve (16), the 3rd magnetic valve (19) and the 5th magnetic valve (26) and is opened, a strong brine part through the 3rd threeway (25) flows back to hot water storage tank (17), another part strong brine enters into backheat vaporizer (14) by pipeline through the 5th magnetic valve (26), strong brine entrance (27), and the strong brine after heat exchange is discharged from strong brine delivery pipe through strong brine outlet (28); Refrigeration agent after throttling set (9) throttling is by the first threeway (10) part the first magnetic valve (13) of flowing through, in backheat vaporizer (14) with strong brine heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter in condenser/evaporator (15), with water vapor heat exchange, heat exchange is got back to the second threeway (2) by the second magnetic valve (16), the water droplet forming after water vapor condensation enters into product water tank (29) by the road by product water outlet (32) after being collected by water-collecting tray (21), and another part of refrigeration agent flow back into photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12) by pipeline; Raw material water tank (18) is that hot water storage tank (17) is mended raw material seawater by the 3rd magnetic valve (19) by the road;
Seawater temperature in the second temperature sensor records hot water storage tank (17) is during lower than 60 ℃, primary controller controls the 3rd magnetic valve (19), the 4th magnetic valve (22), the 5th magnetic valve (26) and sea water circulating pump (24) and cuts out rear 1-2 minute, and primary controller controls the first magnetic valve (13), the second magnetic valve (16) and vacuum pumping pump (31) and cuts out;
When the second temperature sensor records solar irradiance that seawater temperature in hot water storage tank (17) records lower than 60 ℃, Solar Total Irradiance Monitor and is less than envrionment temperature that 200W/m2 and the first temperature sensor record lower than 5 ℃, primary controller controls compressor (4) and automatically cuts out.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described photovoltaic and photothermal vaporizer (12) is comprised of solar energy collector and the photovoltaic cell that is arranged on described solar energy collector surface.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described solar energy collector is flat plate collector or vacuum tube collector; Described photovoltaic cell is monocrystalline silicon battery, polycrystal silicon cell, amorphous silicon battery or hull cell.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described flash tank (20) is spray Flash Type flash tank; Described backheat vaporizer (14) is plate-type heat exchanger, tube and shell heat exchanger or double-pipe exchanger; Described condenser/evaporator (15) is straight tubular heat exchanger, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger; Described condenser (5) is straight tubular heat exchanger, coiled interchanger, U-shaped tubular heat exchanger, tube exchanger or spiral tube heat exchanger.
10. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the bottom of described water-collecting tray (21) arranges catches foam net.
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| CN106395950A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Sea water desalination method adopting low-temperature multi-effect distillation for producing fresh water through efficient use of heat energy |
| CN108083369B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2021-02-12 | 华北电力大学 | Solar PV/T-membrane distillation integrated seawater system |
| CN106629944A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 洛阳文森科技有限公司 | Full-automatic solar vacuum flash evaporation sea water desalination equipment and process |
| CN108467144A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-31 | 华北电力大学 | Solar energy PV/T desulfurization wastewater treatment systems |
| DE102020006905A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-12 | Helmut Lessing | Distillation heat pump (DeWäp) for solar-powered drinking water distillation systems |
| CN112777833B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-07-04 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Hot film coupling sea water desalination system with feeding bidirectionally regulated and control method |
| CN114873678B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-12-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Combined type water treatment system based on near-field thermophotovoltaic waste heat utilization |
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