CN103166457B - Power conversion method and mobile terminal - Google Patents
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- CN103166457B CN103166457B CN201110415521.XA CN201110415521A CN103166457B CN 103166457 B CN103166457 B CN 103166457B CN 201110415521 A CN201110415521 A CN 201110415521A CN 103166457 B CN103166457 B CN 103166457B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the communications field, disclose a kind of power conversion method and mobile terminal.In the present invention, by the proportional relation utilizing the optimum of power output pipe in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit to open number, under decision current load situation, in power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number, and the unlatching number controlling power output pipe equals or opens number closest to the optimum determined.Due to the different service types for baseband chip, the load of mobile terminal also can be different, according to the unlatching number of the type of service dynamic conditioning power output pipe of configuration, and without the need to all power output pipes all being remained on opening, thus can make mobile terminal under different types of service, all can obtain higher power supply conversion efficiency, also extend the useful life of battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, the power converter topology particularly in mobile terminal.
Background technology
Mobile terminal is generally battery-powered, and usual mobile terminal inside needs polytype voltage, is provided by power-switching circuit.Wherein powering for digital baseband core voltage adopts DC-DC (DC-to-DC) to realize.Baseband chip is divided into according to different service types: sleep pattern, standby mode, voice calling mode, high-speed data access (HighSpeedPacketAccess, be called for short " HSPA ") pattern, Long Term Evolution (LongTermEvolution is called for short " LTE ") high-speed data service pattern.
DC-DC traditional at present adopts diode rectification, due to the intrinsic pressure drop on diode, causes this part power consumption very large, especially when heavy duty, has had a strong impact on the efficiency (i.e. the efficiency of power-switching circuit) of DC-DC.Although after employing synchronous rectification, rectifying tube conducting resistance can be accomplished very low, greatly improves the efficiency of DC-DC, as shown in Figure 1.Curve A in Fig. 1 represents the relation adopting diode rectification PFM (pulse frequency modulated)/PWM (pulse width modulation) Hybrid mode efficiency with load; Curve B in Fig. 1 represents the relation adopting synchronous rectification PFM/PWM Hybrid mode efficiency with load; Curve C in Fig. 1 represents the relation adopting synchronous rectification PWM control efficiency with load.
The present inventor finds, the efficiency of DC-DC is in the best usually under certain load current, and all the other positions are then lower than this value.Its reason is, in the typical structure of the current mode step-down DC transducer of power-switching circuit (as shown in Figure 2), no matter mobile terminal is in standby, underloading or heavy condition (when namely mobile terminal works in different service types), power output pipe in each empty frame is all in opening, thus cause the overall transformation efficiency of mobile terminal not ideal enough, and power supply conversion efficiency not ideal enough, also can have influence on the useful life of battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power conversion method and mobile terminal, make mobile terminal under different types of service, all can obtain higher conversion efficiency, extending battery life.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of power conversion method, comprise following steps:
Detect the current load situation of mobile terminal;
Open the relation of number according to the optimum of power output pipe in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, determine that the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under current load situation opens number; Wherein, the load of described mobile terminal is larger, and it is larger that described optimum opens number;
Open the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equal or closest to described decision optimum open number.
Embodiments of the present invention additionally provide a kind of mobile terminal, comprise:
Detection module, for detecting the current load situation of mobile terminal;
Optimum open number decision-making module, opens the relation of number for the load according to mobile terminal with the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit, the optimum unlatching number of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under decision current load situation; Wherein, the load of described mobile terminal is larger, and it is larger that described optimum opens number;
Control module, for opening the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equal or closest to described decision optimum open number.
Embodiment of the present invention in terms of existing technologies, by the proportional relation utilizing the optimum of power output pipe in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit to open number, under decision current load situation, in power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number, and the unlatching number controlling power output pipe equals or opens number closest to the optimum determined.Due to the different service types for baseband chip, the load of mobile terminal also can be different, therefore, determine that the optimum of present output power pipe opens number according to loading condition, namely according to the unlatching number of the type of service dynamic conditioning power output pipe of configuration, and without the need to all power output pipes all being remained on opening, thus can make mobile terminal under different types of service, all can obtain higher power supply conversion efficiency, also extend the useful life of battery.
In addition, both can be detected the current load situation of described mobile terminal by error amplifier, also can be detected the current load situation of described mobile terminal by current inductor, implementation of the present invention can be realized flexible and changeablely.
In addition, power output pipe in described power-switching circuit is divided at least 2 groups in advance, all power output Guan Jun comprised in this group power output pipe when opening one group of power output pipe are unlocked.In the step of the power output pipe in described power-on change-over circuit, open number according to the optimum determined, select the power output pipe group that need open.Wherein, the power output pipe number that the power output Guan Zuwei that need open comprises equals or opens a power output pipe group of number closest to described optimum; Or the power output pipe number summation that the power output Guan Zuwei that need open comprises, equals or opens closest to described optimum multiple power output pipe groups of number.By dividing into groups to power output pipe, during power output pipe in power-on change-over circuit, only to power output pipe group output logic control signal, need can realize the unlatching of power output pipe, closing control.Realize simple, and can directly be applied in the typical structure of existing current mode step-down DC transducer, thus can be compatible preferably with prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the efficiency comparative's schematic diagram according to different control model of the prior art and rectifier system;
Fig. 2 is the typical structure schematic diagram of the current mode step-down DC transducer according to power-switching circuit of the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the power conversion method flow chart according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the typical structure schematic diagram according to the current mode step-down DC transducer in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the simulation result schematic diagram according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is conduction loss in power-switching circuit, switching loss, the relation schematic diagram of the unlatching number of total losses and power output pipe;
Fig. 7 is according to the relation schematic diagram of the efficiency in first embodiment of the invention with mode of operation;
Fig. 8 is according to third embodiment of the invention mobile terminal structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail.But, persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that in each execution mode of the present invention, proposing many ins and outs to make reader understand the application better.But, even without these ins and outs with based on the many variations of following execution mode and amendment, each claim of the application technical scheme required for protection also can be realized.
First execution mode of the present invention relates to a kind of power conversion method.Idiographic flow as shown in Figure 3.
In the step 310, mobile terminal detects current loading condition.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the current drain situation in each load stage can be different.In the terminal, following several mode of operation being in the different loads stage is mainly contained:
(1) sleep pattern: now inductive current is very little, inner fixed loss and switch drive loss proportion very large.Internal circuit quiescent dissipation should be reduced as far as possible for raising the efficiency, closing the functional module do not used.
(2) standby mode (400uA): now load is very light, and DCDC works in PFM pattern, internal stationary electric current proportion is comparatively large, therefore reduces internal stationary electric current as far as possible and contributes to raising the efficiency.
(3) voice calling mode (20mA-50mA): now institute's bringing onto load is lighter, work in PFM mode efficiencies higher, PFM pattern to the switching threshold of PWM mode generally between 30 ~ 50mA, reduce power pipe number when load is lighter to contribute to reducing discharge and recharge loss, but too increase the conducting resistance of power pipe simultaneously, when internal stationary electric current is very little, load is lighter, and efficiency is higher.
(4) HSPA pattern (80mA): medium load is generally 7,80mA is to 1, between 200mA, now likely work in DCM pattern, also likely work in PWM mode, now switching loss is suitable with conduction loss proportion, therefore optimum power output pipe number is adopted to be conducive to raising the efficiency, now inductive current likely can drop to 0, therefore needs zero-crossing comparator more accurately, prevents reverse current.
(5) LTE pattern (500-800mA): now institute's bringing onto load is heavier, and DCDC works in PWM mode, now efficiency and conducting resistance in close relations, it is desirable to utilize maximum power output pipe number to reduce conducting resistance, raise the efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the current load situation of mobile terminal is detected by error amplifier.In typical structure due to the current mode step-down DC transducer of power-switching circuit, the output VC of error amplifier and the present load of mobile terminal in close relations, if load increases, VOUT reduces immediately, very fast response raises to VC voltage, because error amplifier has the gain of several thousand times, the very little change of VOUT just can make VC alter a great deal, therefore the current load situation of mobile terminal can be detected observantly, learn mobile terminal current be the mode of operation being in which kind of load stage.
Then, in step 320, open the relation of number according to the optimum of power output pipe in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, determine that the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under current load situation opens number.Wherein, the load of mobile terminal is larger, and optimum unlatching number is larger.
Specifically, if the conducting resistance of the power output pipe of N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) is R
non, the conducting resistance of the power output pipe of P type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) is R
pon, then the conduction loss P in each cycle
condfor:
Wherein,
D is duty ratio.Wherein,
L
pbe respectively width and the length of power tube P pipe, W
n, L
nbe respectively width and the length of power tube N pipe, μ
p, μ
nbe respectively the mobility of P pipe and N pipe, C
oxfor unit area gate capacitance, V
gsp, V
gsnbe respectively the gate source voltage of P pipe and N pipe, V
thp, V
thnbe respectively the threshold voltage of P pipe and N pipe.
Δ I is inductive current ripple,
represent the load of mobile terminal.
Conduction loss belongs to dominant loss source when DC-DC (i.e. power-switching circuit) works, and in addition, also has fixed loss and switching loss.Fixed loss refers to the energy that chip itself consumes, and chip voltage loop and current loop when PWM mode works all normally work, and chip current sinking is maximum.Chip is when PFM work pattern, and current loop does not work, and error amplifier only uses as comparator, and now circuit consumption current is minimum.That is, chip all modules when normal PWM mode work all work.Entering PFM pattern time error amplifier simplifies as voltage comparator use, and PWM comparator, oscillator and current inductor are without the need to work.Owing to having Power MOSFET between the power output pipe of PMOS and the power output pipe conducting of NMOS, the loss of the power output pipe of PMOS and the power output pipe of NMOS cross-conduction when switching would not be there is like this.Therefore switching loss only depends on the grid capacitance size of power output pipe, namely only depends on power tube width.Power tube grid capacitance is parasitic C
gs, C
gd, C
ds, these parasitic capacitances thereon added change in voltage time its capacitance be also change, parasitic capacitance value and on it institute's making alive be inversely proportional to.Therefore, switching loss P
swfor:
Wherein, C
g=C
gs+ C
gd=W*L*C
ox+ 2C
ov* W=C
gn* W, C
ovfor unit width overlap capacitance, determined by technological parameter.
Wherein P
swfor unit width power pipe switch power, P
sw, tolfor the switch power of all power tubes.C
gsfor gate-source parasitic capacitance, C
gdfor gate-drain parasitic capacitances, f
swfor system operating frequency, V
infor supply voltage.
Consider conduction loss and switching loss, in power-switching circuit, the optimum unlatching number of power output pipe is:
Wherein, W
n, optrepresent that the optimum of the power output pipe of NMOS opens number, W
p, optrepresent that the optimum of the power output pipe of PMOS opens number.
As can be seen here, the optimum unlatching number of power output pipe is relevant with load, is the power output pipe number need opened when conduction loss under current load situation equals switching loss.The optimum of power output pipe is opened number and is directly proportional to load, and therefore during underloading, optimum unlatching number should be minimum, and the load of mobile terminal is larger, and optimum unlatching number is larger.
After the optimum determining power output pipe under current load situation opens number, enter step 330, open the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equals or opens number closest to the optimum determined.Specifically, in power-switching circuit, power output pipe is divided at least 2 groups in advance, and all power output Guan Jun comprised in this group power output pipe when opening one group of power output pipe are unlocked.During power output pipe in power-on change-over circuit, number is opened according to the optimum determined, the power output pipe group that selection need be opened, by to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.Wherein, the power output Guan Zuwei that need open: the power output pipe number comprised equals or opens a power output pipe group of number closest to described optimum; Or the power output Guan Zuwei that need open: the power output pipe number summation comprised, equals or opens closest to described optimum multiple power output pipe groups of number.
In the present embodiment, step 320 and 330 are realized by increasing several comparators in the typical structure of existing current mode step-down DC transducer.The typical structure of the current mode step-down DC transducer after improvement as shown in Figure 4, in the diagram, adds 2 comparators T1, T2, utilizes T1 and T2 to realize step 320 and 330.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the power output pipe in the typical structure of current mode step-down DC transducer is divided into four groups, the proportionate relationship of four groups is m: n: k: p.And the output VC of error amplifier is input to comparator T1 and T2, in T1 and T2, preset a reference voltage value, more namely what utilize VC and reference voltage can compare different loading ranges.The comparative result being respectively VC and reference voltage in T1 and T2 arranges the switching threshold of a high level, and the logic level of the output VC2 of output VC1 and T2 of such T1 needs the power output pipe group of opening under combining and just embodying current load situation.And due to often organize power output pipe unlatching, close and control by the logic controller in Fig. 4, such as logic controller exports high level to certain group power output pipe, then all power output pipes in this group power output pipe are all opened.Therefore, utilize the control of output VC2 by logic controller of output VC1 and T2 of T1, the power output pipe group that need open can be opened, thus the number of the final power output pipe opened is equaled or optimum closest to power output pipe opens number.
The experiment proved that, utilize the logic level of VC1 and VC2 to be feasible to control the number of power tube, as shown in Figure 5.For simulation result, when load rises to 290mA by 50mA with 60mA step-length, along with the increase of load, VC1 and VC2 becomes high level when different loads respectively, and namely this high level can be used to the number controlling power output pipe.The threshold value that VC1 and VC2 is converted to high level can easily change as required.
Due to conduction loss, switching loss in power-switching circuit, there is relation as shown in Figure 6 in the unlatching number of total losses and power output pipe, therefore in the present embodiment, according to the unlatching number of current loading condition (type of service namely configured) dynamic conditioning power output pipe, and without the need to all power output pipes all being remained on opening, thus can make mobile terminal under different types of service, all can obtain higher power supply conversion efficiency (as shown in Figure 7), also extend the useful life of battery.And, only slightly need change the typical structure of existing current mode step-down DC transducer, realize simple, there is stronger feasibility, also can be compatible preferably with prior art.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that, in the present embodiment, to the detection of loading condition and the dynamic conditioning of power output pipe unlatching number, be realized by hardware structure diagram as shown in Figure 4, but in actual applications, also can be realized by software control.
Second execution mode of the present invention relates to a kind of power conversion method.Second execution mode is roughly the same with the first execution mode, and main distinction part is: in the first embodiment, is the current load situation being detected mobile terminal by error amplifier.And in second embodiment of the invention, be the current load situation being detected mobile terminal by current inductor.Because the current inductor in the typical structure of current mode step-down DC transducer also can detect different loading ranges, and export corresponding control signal to logic controller, utilize logic controller to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.Realize the dynamic conditioning that number opened by power output pipe, make mobile terminal under different types of service, all can obtain higher power supply conversion efficiency, also extend the useful life of battery.
As can be seen here, both can be detected the current load situation of described mobile terminal by error amplifier, also can be detected the current load situation of described mobile terminal by current inductor, implementation of the present invention can be realized flexible and changeablely.
In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the step of various method above divides, just in order to be described clearly, a step can be merged into when realizing or some step is split, being decomposed into multiple step, as long as comprise identical logical relation, all in the protection range of this patent; To adding inessential amendment in algorithm or in flow process or introducing inessential design, but the core design not changing its algorithm and flow process is all in the protection range of this patent.
Third embodiment of the invention relates to a kind of mobile terminal, as shown in Figure 8, comprises:
Detection module, for detecting the current load situation of mobile terminal;
Optimum open number decision-making module, opens the relation of number for the load according to mobile terminal with the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit, the optimum unlatching number of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under decision current load situation; Wherein, the load of described mobile terminal is larger, and it is larger that described optimum opens number;
Control module, for opening the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equal or closest to described decision optimum open number.
Specifically, the pass that in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number is: in power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number is the power output pipe number need opened when conduction loss equals switching loss under current load situation.Power output pipe in power-switching circuit is included at least 2 group power output Guan Zuzhong, and all power output Guan Jun comprised in this group power output pipe when opening one group of power output pipe are unlocked.Control module is when opening the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, and the optimum opening the decision of number decision-making module according to described optimum opens number, selects the power output pipe group that need open; Wherein, the power output Guan Zuwei that need open:
The power output pipe number comprised equals or opens a power output pipe group of number closest to described optimum; Or,
The power output pipe number summation comprised, equals or opens closest to described optimum multiple power output pipe groups of number.
In the present embodiment, detection module utilizes error amplifier to detect the current load situation of described mobile terminal; The magnitude of voltage that described error amplifier exports by optimum unlatching number decision-making module compares with the reference voltage value preset, and determines described optimum unlatching number according to the difference size compared; Control module is passed through to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, and closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.
Be not difficult to find, present embodiment is the device embodiment corresponding with the first execution mode, and present embodiment can be worked in coordination with the first execution mode and be implemented.The relevant technical details mentioned in first execution mode is still effective in the present embodiment, in order to reduce repetition, repeats no more here.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment also can be applicable in the first execution mode.
It is worth mentioning that, each module involved in present embodiment is logic module, and in actual applications, a logical block can be a physical location, also can be a part for a physical location, can also realize with the combination of multiple physical location.In addition, in order to outstanding innovative part of the present invention, the unit not too close with solving technical problem relation proposed by the invention is not introduced in present embodiment, but this does not show the unit that there is not other in present embodiment.
Four embodiment of the invention relates to a kind of mobile terminal.4th execution mode is roughly the same with the 3rd execution mode, and main distinction part is: in the third embodiment, and detection module utilizes error amplifier to detect the current load situation of described mobile terminal.And in four embodiment of the invention, detection module utilizes current inductor to detect the current load situation of described mobile terminal.Similarly, control module is passed through to power output pipe group output logic control signal, and the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise closed by the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises.
Because the second execution mode and present embodiment are mutually corresponding, therefore present embodiment can be worked in coordination with the second execution mode and be implemented.The relevant technical details mentioned in second execution mode is still effective in the present embodiment, and the technique effect that can reach in this second embodiment can realize in the present embodiment too, in order to reduce repetition, repeats no more here.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment also can be applicable in the second execution mode.
Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the respective embodiments described above realize specific embodiments of the invention, and in actual applications, various change can be done to it in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a power conversion method, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
Detect the current load situation of mobile terminal;
Open the relation of number according to the optimum of power output pipe in the load of mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, determine that the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under current load situation opens number; Wherein, the load of described mobile terminal is larger, and it is larger that described optimum opens number;
Open the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equal or closest to described decision optimum open number;
Wherein, according to the mode of operation of mobile terminal setting, power output pipe in described power-switching circuit is divided at least 2 groups in advance, all power output Guan Jun comprised in this group power output pipe when opening one group of power output pipe are unlocked;
In the step of the power output pipe in described power-on change-over circuit, comprise following sub-step:
Open number according to the optimum determined, select the power output pipe group that need open; Wherein, the power output Guan Zuwei that need open:
The power output pipe number comprised equals or opens a power output pipe group of number closest to described optimum; Or,
The power output pipe number summation comprised equals or opens multiple power output pipe groups of number closest to described optimum.
2. power conversion method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the load of described mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe is opened the pass of number and is:
In power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number is the power output pipe number need opened when conduction loss equals switching loss under current load situation.
3. power conversion method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The current load situation of described mobile terminal is detected by error amplifier;
Under described decision current load situation, in power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe is opened in the step of number, the magnitude of voltage exported by described error amplifier compares with the reference voltage value preset, and determines that described optimum opens number according to the difference size compared;
In the step of the power output pipe in described power-on change-over circuit, by to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.
4. power conversion method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The current load situation of described mobile terminal is detected by current inductor;
In the step of the power output pipe in described power-on change-over circuit, by to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.
5. a mobile terminal, is characterized in that, comprises:
Detection module, for detecting the current load situation of mobile terminal;
Optimum open number decision-making module, opens the relation of number for the load according to mobile terminal with the optimum of power output pipe in power-switching circuit, the optimum unlatching number of power output pipe in power-switching circuit under decision current load situation; Wherein, the load of described mobile terminal is larger, and it is larger that described optimum opens number;
Control module, for opening the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, the number of the power output pipe of unlatching equal or closest to described decision optimum open number;
Wherein, the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit is included at least 2 group power output Guan Zuzhong, and all power output Guan Jun comprised in this group power output pipe when opening one group of power output pipe are unlocked;
Described control module is when opening the power output pipe in described power-switching circuit, and the optimum opening the decision of number decision-making module according to described optimum opens number, selects the power output pipe group that need open; Wherein, the power output Guan Zuwei that need open:
The power output pipe number comprised equals or opens a power output pipe group of number closest to described optimum; Or,
The power output pipe number summation comprised equals or opens multiple power output pipe groups of number closest to described optimum.
6. mobile terminal according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
In the load of described mobile terminal and power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe is opened the pass of number and is:
In power-switching circuit, the optimum of power output pipe opens number is the power output pipe number need opened when conduction loss equals switching loss under current load situation.
7. mobile terminal according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described detection module utilizes error amplifier to detect the current load situation of described mobile terminal;
The magnitude of voltage that described error amplifier exports by described optimum unlatching number decision-making module compares with the reference voltage value preset, and determines described optimum unlatching number according to the difference size compared;
Described control module is passed through to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, and closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.
8. mobile terminal according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described detection module utilizes current inductor to detect the current load situation of described mobile terminal;
Described control module is passed through to power output pipe group output logic control signal, the power output pipe that the power output Guan Zuzhong that unlatching need be opened comprises, and closes the power output pipe that other power output Guan Zuzhong comprise.
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