CN103160643A - Carburant, preparation method of carburant and smelting method of molten iron containing vanadium - Google Patents
Carburant, preparation method of carburant and smelting method of molten iron containing vanadium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103160643A CN103160643A CN2011104271403A CN201110427140A CN103160643A CN 103160643 A CN103160643 A CN 103160643A CN 2011104271403 A CN2011104271403 A CN 2011104271403A CN 201110427140 A CN201110427140 A CN 201110427140A CN 103160643 A CN103160643 A CN 103160643A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carburant, a preparation method of the carburant and a smelting method of molten iron containing vanadium, wherein the carburant contains carbon (C) and silicon carbide (SiC). The carburant comprises, by weight, 3-30 parts of SiC relative to 100 parts of C. The preparation method of the carburant is simple, the usage amount of the carburant is small in the carburetion process of semisteel, the carbon content in the semisteel can be effectively improved, meanwhile, the temperature-rising effect is good, the operation is simple, and the preparation method of the carburant enables a steel-making process of the semisteel to be more smoothly carried out.
Description
Technical field
The smelting process that the present invention relates to a kind of carburelant and preparation method thereof and use the vanadium-bearing hot metal of this carburelant.
Background technology
In China, part iron factory adopts v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting, in order to guarantee effective extraction of vanadium resource, needed to carry out desulfurization and process for extracting vanadium before steel-making, vanadium extraction by converter blowing technique is that the vanadium in molten iron is oxidized to a kind of physical-chemical reaction process that the stable barium oxide of high price is produced vanadium slag; Silicon in vanadium extraction in molten iron, manganese heating element be complete oxidized scaling loss almost, although suppress the oxidation of carbon by controlling bath temperature in reaction process, but in molten iron, the 20-30 % by weight of carbon content inevitably participates in oxidization burning loss, make the heat ratio of carbon content below 3.5 % by weight in the half steel obtained after vanadium extraction account for 10-20%, the silicon in molten iron, manganese heating element content are vestige.
When the vanadium extraction half steel is used for converter steelmaking, silicon, manganese content are low, heating element lacks, the slag making materials that smelting process adds needs heat absorption, like this, make tapping temperature reach 1660-1700 ℃, just have serious heat source insufficiency situation in the semi-steel making process, need to adopt compensated technology to mend the temperature of semisteel smelting process.
In prior art, general by adding class graphite or silicon carbide to compensate the smelting process temperature as the method for temperature raising agent in converter steelmaking process.The temperature raising efficiency of temperature raising agent is relevant with the converter smelting process condition with the quality of temperature raising agent itself, Theoretical Calculation shows, under 30 tons of converter semi-steel making conditions, 1 ton of class graphite or silicon carbide can improve liquid steel temperature 100-120 ℃/stove, in order to make molten steel reach the temperature more than 1700 ℃, usually need class graphite or silicon carbide more than 500 kilograms.But, general 1 ton of converter half steel need to be used class graphite or the silicon carbide at most can not be over 10 kilograms, add-on is crossed conference and caused: (1) is for class graphite, not only utilization ratio is low, the unreacted class graphite of part can enter cleaning shaft with the dirt ash and be wasted, and converter steelmaking steel very difficultization slag in earlier stage, being easy to " returning dry " in steelmaking process, dephosphorization effect is poor; (2) for silicon carbide, relative price is high, and add-on too much not only causes the early stageization slag slow, and the SiO of steelmaking slagging
2the content surplus makes dual alkalinity (CaO/SiO
2) on the low side, dephosphorization effect is poor, simultaneously the easy splash of steelmaking process.That is to say, in the semi-steel making process, adopt and add the method for temperature raising agent equalising temp to be difficult to reach the needed temperature of smelting process.Moreover, generally come the slag time at 3-4min, owing to adding temperature raising agent can delay sludging time to 4-5min, slagging speed directly causes steelmaking process to be postponed slowly, easily generation is deeply blown and is affected steel quality simultaneously, and temperature raising agent is to join in molten steel by the scrap box of converter mouth or the feed bin of converter furnace roof in converter steelmaking process, this method time and effort consuming, in steelmaking process, operation easier is large.Therefore the half steel converter smelting process under this condition is difficult to direct motion.
Therefore, research and develop that a kind of carburetting is effective, consumption is few, and carburelant simple to operate, that cost is low has become problem demanding prompt solution in this area.
Summary of the invention
The carburelant that the object of the invention is to overcome prior art exists that consumption is large during for the half steel converter smelting, the defect of temperature raising weak effect, the slow-footed defect of slagging and existing converter smelting process complicated operation, provide a kind of and can effectively improve carbon content in half steel, consumption is less, temperature raising is effective, slagging speed fast and can makes converter smelting process carburelant simple to operate, the preparation method of this carburelant also is provided, the smelting process of the vanadium-bearing hot metal that uses this carburelant also is provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of carburelant, wherein, this carburelant contains C and SiC; With respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of SiC is the 3-30 weight part.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of carburelant, and wherein, the method comprises a kind of mixture pelleting dry; Described mixture contains carbonaceous material, silicon carbide and tackiness agent, and carbonaceous material is in C, and silicon carbide is in SiC, and with respect to the carbonaceous material of 100 weight parts, the consumption of silicon carbide is the 3-30 weight part, and the consumption of tackiness agent is the 5-15 weight part.
The present invention also provides the carburelant made by aforesaid method.
The present invention also provides a kind of smelting process of vanadium-bearing hot metal, the method comprises carries out vanadium extraction by converter blowing to vanadium-bearing hot metal, obtain the vanadium extraction half steel, and carry out converter smelting after tapping in ladle by this vanadium extraction half steel, wherein, the method also is included in tapping process, and carburelant provided by the invention is joined in ladle.
Carburelant consumption provided by the invention is little, and carburetting is effective, in vanadium extraction half steel tapping process, adds the carburelant of the C that contains and SiC can greatly improve the chemical heat of half steel, solves the problem of half steel converter smelting heat source insufficiency.With prior art, add C or SiC to compare when the converter smelting, not only can effectively increase the carbon content in half steel, also need not add again the temperature of temperature raising agent in compensating smelting process when converter smelting.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will partly be described in detail in embodiment subsequently.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Preparation method's process flow sheet that Fig. 1 is carburelant provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of carburelant provided by the invention for vanadium extraction half steel converter smelting.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein only, for description and interpretation the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Carburelant provided by the invention contains C and SiC, and with respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of SiC can be the 3-30 weight part, and preferably, the content of SiC can be the 4-20 weight part.
According to the present invention, under preferable case, described carburelant can also reduce the scaling loss of carbon containing the element that is useful on deoxidation, to improve the yield of carbon, for example, can be Al.With respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of Al can be the 2-10 weight part, and preferably, the content of Al can be the 2-8 weight part.
In carburelant of the present invention, the weight of carburelant of take is benchmark, and the total amount of C and SiC is not less than 60%, preferably is not less than 65%, more preferably is not less than 70%, further preferably is not less than 75%.
According to the present invention, various components in described carburelant can add in ladle in use separately, after also can mixing, with form of mixtures, add in ladle, under preferable case, described carburelant is used with form of spherical particles, the mean particle size of described spheroidal particle is preferably 3-5mm, and dropping strength is preferably 8-12 time/ball, and water content preferably is less than 1 % by weight.Meet the carburelant of above-mentioned mean particle size and requirement of strength, can blanking from feed bin more easily, be difficult for efflorescence and fragmentation simultaneously in the blanking process; Thermosteresis in the time of can reducing the tapping of vanadium extraction half steel to the moisture requirement of carburelant, thus the consumption of carburelant reduced.
When described carburelant is spheroidal particle, generally also contain tackiness agent in this carburelant, with respect to the carbonaceous material in C of 100 weight parts, the consumption of tackiness agent can be the 5-15 weight part, is preferably the 5-10 weight part.The various tackiness agents that described tackiness agent can select steel-making to commonly use, preferably adopt containing silicon adhesive, because silicon is heating element, is also element necessary in slag making materials simultaneously, therefore uses the consumption that can further reduce carburelant containing silicon adhesive.Describedly containing silicon adhesive, can be selected from one or more in wilkinite, diatomite, silicon gel, silicon sol and water glass.
Term as used in this specification " dropping strength " is illustrated on rubber plate test object is fallen and crackle or broken number of times do not occur from the height of 1 meter.
The preparation method of carburelant provided by the invention comprises, by a kind of mixture pelleting dry, described mixture can contain carbonaceous material, silicon carbide and tackiness agent, and carbonaceous material is in C, silicon carbide is in SiC, with respect to the carbonaceous material of 100 weight parts, the consumption of silicon carbide can be the 3-30 weight part, and the consumption of tackiness agent can be the 5-15 weight part; Preferably, the content of SiC can be the 4-20 weight part, and the consumption of tackiness agent can be the 5-10 weight part.Under preferable case, more even for described mixture is mixed to get, be beneficial to the spheroidal particle of making 3-5mm, can be below 100 μ m by carbonaceous material, silicon carbide pulverizing and jevigating to granularity.
According to the present invention, under preferable case, described mixture is also containing the element that is useful on deoxidation, to reduce the scaling loss of carbon, for example, can be metallic aluminium powder, and carbonaceous material is in C, metallic aluminium powder be in Al, carbonaceous material with respect to 100 weight parts, the consumption of metallic aluminium powder can be the 2-10 weight part, and preferably, the content of metallic aluminium powder can be the 2-8 weight part.
According to the present invention, described carbonaceous material can be the material of field of steel-making various carbon elements commonly used.Preferably, described carbonaceous material is one or more in class graphite, calcined anthracite, coke and pitch.
According to the present invention, the various tackiness agents that described tackiness agent can select steel-making to commonly use, preferably adopt containing silicon adhesive, be also element necessary in slag making materials because silicon is heating element simultaneously, therefore uses the consumption that can further reduce carburelant containing silicon adhesive.Describedly containing silicon adhesive, can be selected from one or more in wilkinite, diatomite, silicon gel, silicon sol and water glass.
According to the present invention, prepare mixture and this mixture pelleting dry method are not particularly limited, can be by carbonaceous material, silicon carbide pulverizing and jevigating to 0.1mm, then be mixed to get mixture with tackiness agent.The condition of described mixing does not have special requirement, can be for mechanically mixing or artificial the mixing, as long as carbonaceous material and silicon carbide are mixed.Described granulation is technology well known in the art, for example, can adopt granulating disc to carry out granulation.To the condition of described granulation, without particular requirement, under preferable case, it can be 3-5mm that the condition of described granulation makes the mean particle size of spheroidal particle, and dropping strength can be 8-12 time/ball.The condition of described drying is so that the water content of dried spheroidal particle is less than 1 % by weight of spheroidal particle gross weight is as the criterion, and the temperature of preferred described drying can be 150-200 ℃, and the dry time is 30-60min.
The present invention also provides the carburelant made according to aforesaid method.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, preparation technology's flow process of carburelant provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise by carbonaceous material and silicon carbide separately or together with the tackiness agent and the metallic aluminium powder that with selectivity, contain after broken mixed successively, granulation, drying and sieve, obtain carburelant.In order to improve raw material availability, preferably screen underflow is returned to aforementioned mixing step, and repeat the steps such as above-mentioned granulation.
The smelting process of vanadium-bearing hot metal provided by the invention comprises, vanadium-bearing hot metal is carried out to vanadium extraction by converter blowing, obtain the vanadium extraction half steel, and carry out converter smelting after tapping in ladle by this vanadium extraction half steel, wherein, the method can also be included in vanadium extraction half steel tapping process, and carburelant provided by the invention is joined in the vanadium extraction half steel.
In this specification sheets, term " half steel " used refers to the very low and steel raw material of C constituent content in molten iron and molten steel intermediateness of the Si, the Mn constituent content that obtain after vanadium extraction and desulfurization containing the vanadium iron ore deposit.Described half steel can be benchmark for take the total amount of half steel, the half steel of the iron of the titanium of the phosphorus of the silicon of the carbon that contains the 3.0-3.9 % by weight, 0.001-0.02 % by weight, the manganese of 0.02-0.04 % by weight, 0.06-0.085 % by weight, the sulphur of 0.002-0.030 % by weight, 0.01-0.06 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.02-0.06 % by weight and 95.85-96.85 % by weight.
According to the present invention, described carburelant as long as add and can realize purpose of the present invention in vanadium extraction half steel tapping process, under preferable case, in can starting described carburelant is joined to the vanadium extraction half steel, can when accounting for the 2/3-3/4 of tapping total amount, vanadium extraction half steel tap stop adding described carburelant when vanadium extraction half steel tap accounts for the 1/6-1/5 of tapping total amount.
According to the present invention, the add-on of described carburelant can in very large range change, and under preferable case, with respect to half steel per ton, the add-on of described carburelant can be 3-8kg.
The smelting process of vanadium-bearing hot metal of the present invention compared with prior art, the one, the kind difference of carburelant, prior art is generally carbonaceous material or silicon carbide.The 2nd, carburelant add the difference on opportunity, prior art generally adds carburelant for carburetting and temperature raising (therefore also referred to as temperature raising agent) in tapping rear converter smelting process, and the present invention adds in tapping process, no longer add carburelant or temperature raising agent after tapping.Add temperature raising agent in prior art in converter steelmaking process, now, carbon in temperature raising agent is fixed carbon, and adopt the smelting process of vanadium-bearing hot metal provided by the invention, carburelant adds in vanadium extraction half steel tapping process, when carburelant enters converter while being smelted, the carbon in carburelant is dissolved carbon, and dissolved carbon more is conducive to improve chemical heat than fixed carbon.Because the every increase by 0.01% of dissolved carbon in molten iron or half steel [C] content, be equivalent under 30 tons of molten iron or semisteel converter steelmaking condition, the every increase of dissolved carbon content 3kg, liquid steel temperature can improve 1-1.2 ℃; And 30 tons of molten iron or the lower 1 ton of class graphite of semisteel converter steelmaking condition or silicon carbide can improve liquid steel temperature 100-120 ℃/stove, be equivalent to add 10kg class graphite or silicon carbide can improve liquid steel temperature 1-1.2 ℃, therefore in tapping process, add carburelant obviously more to be conducive to the molten iron temperature raising, improve the utilization ratio of carbon simultaneously.
According to the present invention, method to vanadium extraction by converter blowing does not have particular requirement, can be various methods well known in the art, for example, the method of described vanadium extraction by converter blowing can comprise: being blended into after converter from the converter furnace roof to molten iron by vanadium-bearing hot metal, be blown into oxygen, oxygen pressure can be the 0.6-0.8 MPa, oxygen-supplying amount can be 8-12 cubic meter/ton molten iron, oxygen supply time can be 240-340 second, by the bottom gas permeable brick, from converter bottom, be blown into simultaneously, such as rare gas elementes such as nitrogen, nitrogen pressure can be the 0.2-0.8 MPa, with respect to molten iron per ton, nitrogen flow can be 0.4-1.4 cube m/h, add vanadium-raising cooling agent between the above-mentioned blowing process, the add-on of described vanadium-raising cooling agent can be 22-30 kg/ton molten iron, when after oxygen blast finishes, bath temperature is 1360-1420 ℃, come out of the stove, obtain vanadium slag and half steel.Wherein, the described refrigerant gross weight of take is benchmark, the SiO of the oxide compound of the iron that this refrigerant contains the 80-95 % by weight, 4-6 % by weight
2, the 0.1-0.3 % by weight V
2o
5, the 1-3 % by weight MgCl
2.The oxide compound of described iron is the general name of the various oxide compounds of iron, comprises one or more in iron protoxide, ferric oxide, Z 250.
As previously mentioned, the smelting process of vanadium-bearing hot metal of the present invention compared with prior art, what the key distinction was the kind of carburelant and carburelant adds the difference on opportunity, concrete operations and the condition of smelting can be carried out with reference to prior art, for example, the method of described converter smelting can comprise, the vanadium extraction half steel is injected to the blowing of 120t top and bottom complex blowing steel-making converter, and adopt 536 oxygen rifles to carry out the decarburization of oxygen supply slag making dephosphorization, starting the oxygen blown while, add slag former in stove, and slag former is all added opening to blow in oxygen supply 5-8min, carry out steelmaking slagging for the first time, slag former is quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, quickened lime in slag former, composite fluxing medium, the add-on of high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting is respectively 25-35kg/t
half steel, 15-25kg/t
half steel, 18-25kg/t
half steeland 2-10kg/t
half steel, oxygen supply intensity is 3-5Nm
3/ t
molten steelmin.Oxygen supply 400-500 is oxygen feeding stop lifting oxygen rifle during second, and stove is got rid of slag.Wherein, the main component of the quickened lime used is: CaO:85-90 % by weight, SiO
2: 0.2-0.4 % by weight, MgO:4-8 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 4-8 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.1-0.2 % by weight, FeO:0.2-0.5 % by weight, C:0.1-0.3 % by weight, S:0.1-0.2 % by weight; The main component of the composite fluxing medium used is: CaO:8-15 % by weight, SiO
2: 45-60 % by weight, MgO:2-5 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 2-5 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 8-15 % by weight, FeO:5-8 % by weight, C:1-2 % by weight, S:0.1-0.2 % by weight, P:0.01-0.05 % by weight; The main component of the high magnesium lime used is: CaO:50-60 % by weight, SiO
2: 1-3 % by weight, MgO:30-45 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.1-0.3 % by weight, FeO:0.1-0.3 % by weight, C:0.1-0.2 % by weight; The main component of the sludge ball used is: CaO:15-25 % by weight, SiO
2: 5-10 % by weight, MgO:5-15 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 5-15 % by weight, FeO:25-35 % by weight, C:3-6 % by weight, S:0.1-0.2 % by weight, P:0.05-0.08 % by weight.After getting rid of the above slag of 65-75 % by weight, the converter playback is started to oxygen supply for the second time, add slag former, carry out slag making dephosphorization for the second time, in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium and high magnesium lime is respectively 15-25kg/t
half steel, 5-10kg/t
half steeland 5-10kg/t
half steel, and in oxygen supply 6-7min, slag former is all being added for the second time.Oxygen supply time 400-500 is oxygen feeding stop lifting oxygen rifle during second.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the flow process of converter smelting method provided by the invention as shown in Figure 2, comprise vanadium-bearing hot metal is carried out to vanadium extraction by converter blowing, obtain vanadium extraction half steel and vanadium slag, this vanadium extraction half steel is tapped in ladle, and add carburelant in tapping process, and obtain half steel after carburetting, then the half steel after this carburetting is carried out to converter smelting.
Below adopt the mode of embodiment to be described in further detail the present invention.In following examples, class graphite, silicon carbide, metallic aluminium powder and tackiness agent all adopt field of steel-making technical grade product commonly used.
The yield of carbon refers to the ratio of the amount of the carbon in the amount that enters the carbon in half steel and the carburelant added.The amount that enters the carbon in half steel calculates according to the weight of (in the half steel after carburetting before the content-carburetting of carbon in half steel the content of carbon) * half steel.
Embodiment 1
1, the preparation of carburelant
Class graphite, silicon carbide, metallic aluminium powder and wilkinite are added in the muller sand mill and grind and mixing and stirring, the class graphite based on 100g, silicon carbide is 5g, and metallic aluminium powder is 2g, and wilkinite is 5g.The mixture obtained after stirring is passed through to the granulating disc granulation; then spheroidal particle is carried out to drying with belt drying machine, dry 45min under the temperature condition of 150 ℃, obtain carburelant A1; the water content of this carburelant A1 is 1 % by weight, the spheroidal particle that diameter is 3-5mm.
Wherein, the C content in class graphite is 84.2 % by weight, and S content is 0.12 % by weight; SiC content in silicon carbide micro-powder is 79.6 % by weight, and S content is 0.06 % by weight; Al content in metallic aluminium powder is 99.3 % by weight, and S content is 0.005 % by weight; SiO in wilkinite
2content is 57.5 % by weight.
Adopt chemical analysis method to be detected the composition of resulting carburelant A1, the main component that obtains this carburelant A1 is: C is that 74.6 % by weight, SiC are that 3.8 % by weight, Al are 1.6 % by weight, SiO
2be that 13.4 % by weight, S are 0.08 % by weight, surplus is inevitable impurity element.
Dropping strength to resulting carburelant A1 is tested, and result is that dropping strength is 10 times/ball.
2, half steel carburetting
The vanadium extraction half steel that vanadium extraction by converter blowing is obtained (S of the Mn of the C that the main component of vanadium extraction half steel is 3.44 % by weight, 0.03 % by weight, 0.012 % by weight, the Si of vestige, surplus is Fe) tap in ladle, and vanadium extraction half steel tap account for the tapping total amount within 1/6 o'clock, start the above-mentioned carburelant made joined to the vanadium extraction half steel, accounting in vanadium extraction half steel tap that tapping 2/3 o'clock of total amount stops adding carburelant, the add-on of carburelant is 300kg/100t vanadium extraction half steel.
Half steel after rolling, obtain the half steel B1 after carburetting, the composition of half steel B1 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B1 after this carburetting is: C is that Al, the Mn that 3.62 % by weight, Si are 0.02 % by weight, vestige is that 0.03 % by weight, S are 0.013 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 80.4%.
3, converter smelting
Half steel B1 after above-mentioned carburetting (temperature is 1300 ℃) is injected to the blowing of 120t top and bottom complex blowing steel-making converter, and adopt 536 oxygen rifles to carry out the decarburization of oxygen supply slag making dephosphorization, starting the oxygen blown while, add slag former in stove, and slag former is all added opening to blow in oxygen supply 6min, carry out steelmaking slagging for the first time, slag former is quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, and in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting is respectively 32kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steeland 5kg/t
half steel, oxygen supply intensity is 3-5Nm
3/ t
molten steelmin.Found that the slag time is 3 minutes.During oxygen supply 500s, oxygen feeding stop promotes the oxygen rifle, and stove is got rid of slag.Wherein, the main component of the quickened lime used is: CaO:86 % by weight, SiO
2: 0.391 % by weight, MgO:5.25 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 5.25 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.141 % by weight, FeO:0.223 % by weight, C:0.2 % by weight, S:1.7 % by weight; The main component of the composite fluxing medium used is: CaO:11.61 % by weight, SiO
2: 50 % by weight, MgO:2.74 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 2.75 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 11.44 % by weight, FeO:5.79 % by weight, C:1.26 % by weight, S:0.106 % by weight, P:0.044 % by weight; The main component of the high magnesium lime used is: CaO:54.32 % by weight, SiO
2: 1.64 % by weight, MgO:38.59 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.219 % by weight, FeO:0.2 % by weight, C:0.101 % by weight; The main component of the sludge ball used is: CaO:19.29 % by weight, SiO
2: 7.5 % by weight, MgO:9.35 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 9.87 % by weight, FeO:32.8 % by weight, C:4.24 % by weight, S:0.115 % by weight, P:0.069 % by weight.After getting rid of the above slag of 70 % by weight, the converter playback is started to oxygen supply for the second time, add slag former, carry out slag making dephosphorization for the second time, in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium and high magnesium lime is respectively 21kg/t
half steel, 8kg/t
half steeland 7kg/t
half steel, and in oxygen supply 6min, slag former is all being added for the second time.Oxygen supply time is oxygen feeding stop lifting oxygen rifle in the time of 500 seconds, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1685 ℃.
Embodiment 2
1, the preparation of carburelant
Calcined anthracite, silicon carbide, metallic aluminium powder and diatomite are added in the muller sand mill and grinds and mixing and stirring, the calcined anthracite based on 100g, silicon carbide is 25g, and metallic aluminium powder is 8g, and diatomite is 15g.The mixture obtained after stirring is passed through to the granulating disc granulation; then spheroidal particle is carried out to drying with belt drying machine, dry 45min under the temperature condition of 150 ℃, obtain carburelant A2; the water content of this carburelant A2 is 1 % by weight, the spheroidal particle that diameter is 3-5mm.
Wherein, the C content in calcined anthracite is 87.2 % by weight, and S content is 0.12 % by weight; SiC content in silicon carbide micro-powder is 79.6 % by weight, and S content is 0.06 % by weight; Al content in metallic aluminium powder is 99.3 % by weight, and S content is 0.005 % by weight; SiO in diatomite
2content is 78 % by weight,
Adopt chemical analysis method to be detected the composition of resulting carburelant A2, the main component that obtains this carburelant A2 is: C is that 61.2 % by weight, SiC are that 10.8 % by weight, Al are 6.6 % by weight, SiO
2be that 15.2 % by weight, S are 0.09 % by weight, surplus is inevitable impurity element.
Dropping strength to resulting carburelant A2 is tested, and result is that dropping strength is 11 times/ball.
2, half steel carburetting
The vanadium extraction half steel that vanadium extraction by converter blowing is obtained (S of the Mn of the C that the main component of vanadium extraction half steel is 3.26 % by weight, 0.02 % by weight, 0.005 % by weight, the Si of vestige, surplus is Fe) tap in ladle, and vanadium extraction half steel tap account for the tapping total amount within 1/5 o'clock, start the above-mentioned carburelant made joined to the vanadium extraction half steel, accounting in vanadium extraction half steel tap that tapping 3/4 o'clock of total amount stops adding carburelant, the add-on of carburelant is 800kg/100t vanadium extraction half steel.
Half steel after rolling, obtain the half steel B2 after carburetting, the composition of half steel B2 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B2 after this carburetting is: C is that Al, the Mn that 3.71 % by weight, Si are 0.07 % by weight, vestige is that 0.03 % by weight, S are 0.006 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 91.9%.
3, converter smelting
Half steel B2 after above-mentioned carburetting (temperature is 1300 ℃) is injected to the blowing of 120t top and bottom complex blowing steel-making converter, and adopt 536 oxygen rifles to carry out the decarburization of oxygen supply slag making dephosphorization, starting the oxygen blown while, add slag former in stove, and slag former is all added opening to blow in oxygen supply 6min, carry out steelmaking slagging for the first time, slag former is quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, and in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting is respectively 32kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steeland 5kg/t
half steel, oxygen supply intensity is 3-5Nm
3/ t
molten steelmin.Found that the slag time is 3 minutes.During oxygen supply 500s, oxygen feeding stop promotes the oxygen rifle, and stove is got rid of slag.Wherein, the main component of the quickened lime of described use is: CaO:86 % by weight, SiO
2: 0.391 % by weight, MgO:5.25 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 5.25 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.141 % by weight, FeO:0.223 % by weight, C:0.2 % by weight, S:1.7 % by weight; The main component of the composite fluxing medium used is: CaO:11.61 % by weight, SiO
2: 50 % by weight, MgO:2.74 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 2.75 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 11.44 % by weight, FeO:5.79 % by weight, C:1.26 % by weight, S:0.106 % by weight, P:0.044 % by weight; The main component of the high magnesium lime used is: CaO:54.32 % by weight, SiO
2: 1.64 % by weight, MgO:38.59 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.219 % by weight, FeO:0.2 % by weight, C:0.101 % by weight; The main component of the sludge ball used is: CaO:19.29 % by weight, SiO
2: 7.5 % by weight, MgO:9.35 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 9.87 % by weight, FeO:32.8 % by weight, C:4.24 % by weight, S:0.115 % by weight, P:0.069 % by weight.After getting rid of the above slag of 70 % by weight, the converter playback is started to oxygen supply for the second time, add slag former, carry out slag making dephosphorization for the second time, in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium and high magnesium lime is respectively 21kg/t
half steel, 8kg/t
half steeland 7kg/t
half steel, and in oxygen supply 6min, slag former is all being added for the second time.Oxygen supply time is oxygen feeding stop lifting oxygen rifle in the time of 500 seconds, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1690 ℃.
Embodiment 3
1, the preparation of carburelant
Class graphite, silicon carbide, metallic aluminium powder and wilkinite are added in the muller sand mill and grind and mixing and stirring, the class graphite based on 100g, silicon carbide micro-powder is 15g, and metallic aluminium powder is 5g, and wilkinite is 8g.The mixture obtained after stirring is passed through to the granulating disc granulation; then spheroidal particle is carried out to drying with belt drying machine, dry 45min under the temperature condition of 150 ℃, obtain carburelant A3; the water content of this carburelant A3 is 1 % by weight, the spheroidal particle that diameter is 3-5mm.
Wherein, the C content in class graphite is 84.2 % by weight, and S content is 0.12 % by weight; SiC content in silicon carbide micro-powder is 79.6 % by weight, and S content is 0.06 % by weight; Al content in metallic aluminium powder is 99.3 % by weight, and S content is 0.005 % by weight; SiO in wilkinite
2content is 57.5 % by weight.
Adopt chemical analysis method to be detected the composition of resulting carburelant A3, the main component that obtains this carburelant A3 is: C is that 69.8 % by weight, SiC are that 7.6 % by weight, Al are 4.5 % by weight, SiO
2be that 11.6 % by weight, S are 0.08 % by weight, surplus is inevitable impurity element.
Dropping strength to resulting carburelant A3 is tested, and result is that dropping strength is 11 times/ball.
2, half steel carburetting
The vanadium extraction half steel that vanadium extraction by converter blowing is obtained (S of the Mn of the C that the main component of vanadium extraction half steel is 3.2 % by weight, 0.02 % by weight, 0.008 % by weight, the Si of vestige, surplus is Fe) tap in ladle, and vanadium extraction half steel tap account for the tapping total amount within 1/6 o'clock, start the above-mentioned carburelant made joined to the vanadium extraction half steel, accounting in vanadium extraction half steel tap that tapping 3/4 o'clock of total amount stops adding carburelant, the add-on of carburelant is 600kg/100t vanadium extraction half steel.
Half steel after rolling, obtain the half steel B3 after carburetting, the composition of half steel B3 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B3 after this carburetting is: C is that Al, the Mn that 3.55 % by weight, Si are 0.03 % by weight, vestige is that 0.03 % by weight, S are 0.01 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 83.6%.
3, converter smelting
Half steel B3 after above-mentioned carburetting (temperature is 1300 ℃) is injected to the blowing of 120t top and bottom complex blowing steel-making converter, and adopt 536 oxygen rifles to carry out the decarburization of oxygen supply slag making dephosphorization, starting the oxygen blown while, add slag former in stove, and slag former is all added opening to blow in oxygen supply 6min, carry out steelmaking slagging for the first time, slag former is quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, and in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium, high magnesium lime and sludge ball of steel smelting is respectively 32kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steel, 21kg/t
half steeland 5kg/t
half steel, oxygen supply intensity is 3-5Nm
3/ t
molten steelmin.Found that the slag time is 3 minutes.During oxygen supply 500s, oxygen feeding stop promotes the oxygen rifle, and stove is got rid of slag.Wherein, the main component of the quickened lime of described use is: CaO:86 % by weight, SiO
2: 0.391 % by weight, MgO:5.25 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 5.25 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.141 % by weight, FeO:0.223 % by weight, C:0.2 % by weight, S:1.7 % by weight; The main component of the composite fluxing medium used is: CaO:11.61 % by weight, SiO
2: 50 % by weight, MgO:2.74 % by weight, Al
2o
3: 2.75 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 11.44 % by weight, FeO:5.79 % by weight, C:1.26 % by weight, S:0.106 % by weight, P:0.044 % by weight; The main component of the high magnesium lime used is: CaO:54.32 % by weight, SiO
2: 1.64 % by weight, MgO:38.59 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 0.219 % by weight, FeO:0.2 % by weight, C:0.101 % by weight; The main component of the sludge ball used is: CaO:19.29 % by weight, SiO
2: 7.5 % by weight, MgO:9.35 % by weight, Fe
2o
3: 9.87 % by weight, FeO:32.8 % by weight, C:4.24 % by weight, S:0.115 % by weight, P:0.069 % by weight.After getting rid of the above slag of 70 % by weight, the converter playback is started to oxygen supply for the second time, add slag former, carry out slag making dephosphorization for the second time, in slag former, the add-on of quickened lime, composite fluxing medium and high magnesium lime is respectively 21kg/t
half steel, 8kg/t
half steeland 7kg/t
half steel, and in oxygen supply 6min, slag former is all being added for the second time.Oxygen supply time is oxygen feeding stop lifting oxygen rifle in the time of 500 seconds, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1700 ℃.
Embodiment 4
Method according to embodiment 3 prepares carburelant and carries out half steel carburetting and converter smelting, different, does not contain Al in carburelant, obtains carburelant A4.
Adopt chemical analysis method to be detected the composition of resulting carburelant A4, the main component that obtains this carburelant A4 is: C is that 70.6 % by weight, SiC are 8.0 % by weight, SiO
2be that 12.5 % by weight, S are 0.09 % by weight, surplus is inevitable impurity element.
Dropping strength to resulting carburelant A4 is tested, and result is that dropping strength is 9 times/ball.
Half steel after rolling, the composition of half steel B5 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B5 after this carburetting is: C is that 3.53 % by weight, Si are that 0.01 % by weight, Mn are that 0.02 % by weight, S are 0.01 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 78.8%.
Carrying out the slag time is 4min, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1675 ℃.
Embodiment 5
Method according to embodiment 3 prepares carburelant and carries out half steel carburetting and converter smelting, different, tap account for out the half steel total amount within 1/8 o'clock, start carburelant is joined to the vanadium extraction half steel.
At half steel after rolling, the composition of half steel B5 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B5 after this carburetting is: C is that Al, the Mn that 3.5 % by weight, Si are 0.015 % by weight, vestige is that 0.02 % by weight, S are 0.01 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 71.6%.
Carrying out the slag time is 4min, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1670 ℃.
Comparative Examples 1
Method according to embodiment 3 prepares carburelant and carries out converter smelting, different, and carburelant is not to join in half steel in tapping process, but add in the converting process of converter smelting.
Carrying out the slag time is 5min, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1650 ℃.
Comparative Examples 2
Method according to embodiment 3 prepares carburelant and carries out half steel carburetting and converter smelting, different, and carburelant is replaced by the class graphite of identical weight.
At half steel after rolling, the composition of half steel B5 after adopting chemical analysis method to carburetting is detected, the main component that obtains the half steel B5 after this carburetting is: C is that Al, the Mn that 3.48 % by weight, Si are 0.015 % by weight, vestige is that 0.02 % by weight, S are 0.01 % by weight, and surplus is Fe.As calculated, the yield of C is 66.9%.
Carrying out the slag time is 4.5min, the molten steel that the acquisition temperature is 1640 ℃.
From the result of embodiment 1-5, can find out, adopt carburelant of the present invention to carry out half steel carburetting, can effectively increase carbon content in half steel, for converter smelting provides enough thermals source, the front bath temperature that makes to tap maintains 1660-1700 ℃, can in the situation that do not use extra temperature raising agent in smelting process, guarantee carrying out smoothly of smelting process.Embodiment 3 relatively can find out with Comparative Examples 1, and have a significant impact the opportunity that adds of carburelant to the temperature of converter smelting, and in vanadium extraction half steel tapping process, add carburelant provided by the invention can effectively shorten to come the slag time.Embodiment 3 relatively can find out with Comparative Examples 2, with carburelant provided by the invention, can make the yield of carbon obviously increase, and the carburetting better effects if more is conducive to the carrying out of converter smelting.
Claims (15)
1. a carburelant, is characterized in that, this carburelant contains C and SiC; With respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of SiC is the 3-30 weight part.
2. carburelant according to claim 1, wherein, with respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of SiC is the 4-20 weight part.
3. carburelant according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, this carburelant also contains Al; With respect to the C of 100 weight parts, the content of Al is the 2-10 weight part.
4. according to the described carburelant of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described carburelant is spheroidal particle, and mean particle size is 3-5mm, and dropping strength is 8-12 time/ball, and water content is less than 1 % by weight.
5. the preparation method of a carburelant, the method comprises, by a kind of mixture pelleting dry, described mixture contains carbonaceous material, silicon carbide and tackiness agent, and carbonaceous material is in C, and silicon carbide is in SiC, with respect to the carbonaceous material of 100 weight parts, the consumption of silicon carbide is the 3-30 weight part, and the consumption of tackiness agent is the 5-15 weight part.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein, described mixture also contains metallic aluminium powder, and carbonaceous material is in C, and metallic aluminium powder is in Al, and with respect to the carbonaceous material of 100 weight parts, the consumption of metallic aluminium powder is the 2-10 weight part.
7. method according to claim 5, wherein, described carbonaceous material is one or more in class graphite, calcined anthracite, coke and pitch.
8. method according to claim 5, wherein, described tackiness agent is selected from one or more in wilkinite, diatomite, silicon gel, silicon sol and water glass.
9. method according to claim 5, wherein, it is 3-5mm that the condition of described granulation makes the mean particle size of dried spheroidal particle, and dropping strength is 8-12 time/ball, and the condition of described drying makes the water content of dried spheroidal particle be less than 1 % by weight of spheroidal particle gross weight.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the condition of described drying comprises that temperature is 150-200 ℃, the time is 30-60 minute.
11. the carburelant that in claim 5-10, the described method of any one makes.
12. the smelting process of a vanadium-bearing hot metal, the method comprises carries out vanadium extraction by converter blowing to vanadium-bearing hot metal, obtain the vanadium extraction half steel, and carry out converter smelting after tapping in ladle by this vanadium extraction half steel, it is characterized in that, the method also is included in the vanadium extraction half steel and taps in the process of ladle, and the described carburelant of any one in claim 1-4 and claim 10 is joined in ladle.
13. method according to claim 12, wherein, in starting described carburelant is joined to ladle when vanadium extraction half steel tap accounts for the 1/6-1/5 of tapping total amount.
14., according to the described method of claim 12 or 13, wherein, stop adding described carburelant when vanadium extraction half steel tap accounts for the 2/3-3/4 of tapping total amount.
15. method according to claim 12, wherein, with respect to half steel per ton, the add-on of described carburelant is 3-8kg.
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