CN103159532B - A kind of preparation method of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present technology provides a kind of preparation method of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer, technical scheme prepares xylogen crosslinked A with alkali lignin and formaldehyde reaction, again A, pore-forming material and lignin particles are mixed with setting agent, system pH is adjusted to be that acidity makes the coated pore-forming material sedimentation of A, centrifugation obtains solid mixture B, the pore-forming material removed again in B obtains porous xylogen C, with two or more mineral manure solution soaking porous xylogen C and drying and moulding, obtains porous xylogen composite fertilizer D.By porous xylogen composite fertilizer D, auxiliary material, adhesive aid mixing also extruding pelletization, preparation porous lignin particle compound fertilizer.The porous lignin particle compound fertilizer technology of preparing that the application provides, utilize the biodegradable feature of xylogen, can be used as agriculture slow release fertilizer, solve inorganic fertilizer and use the problem causing rural groundwater to be reduced gradually by vegetable mould in the nitrogen in mineral manure, phosphorus, potassium and trace element pollution and soil, also utilize the vesicular structure in porous lignin particle compound fertilizer to increase the ventilation property of soil, be conducive to the growth of farm crop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of cross-linked porous lignin particle compound fertilizer, belong to fertilizer preparation field.
Background technology
Xylogen and derivative thereof have several functions, can be used as dispersion agent, sorbent material/strippant, petroleum recovery auxiliary agent, asphalt emulsifier, development chemical modification lignin product, improve area research person, the entrepreneurs such as its added value is domestic and international paper industry, vegetable chemistry, natural polymer chemistry, fine chemistry industry and environmental science jointly to pay close attention to for a long time, and be actively devoted to the major fields of research and technological development.Pulp and paper industry will isolate the careless class xylogen of about 3,000 ten thousand tons every year from plant, its constituent is complicated, can reactive chemistry functional group few.The utilization of grass class xylogen is confined to low value burning mostly, makes it be converted into chemical products with high added-value, will greatly promote the utility value of xylogen.Current xylogen concentrates on the following aspects in the application of agriculture field:
1) fertilizer: alkali lignin is the aromatic series organic raw material of the high-polymerization degree that can obtain from nature renewable resource, has characteristic that is nontoxic, inexpensive, that can be decomposed by the microorganisms.When with the element compounding application such as the nitrogen required for plant-growth, phosphorus, potassium, along with the alkali lignin element that is degraded by microorganisms is released slowly, be that Crop utilizes, fertilizer efficiency is long, containing various nutrient elements.
2) soil improvement agent: alkali lignin is as soil improvement agent, can be used to improve closely, saliferous and the soil that is corroded, soil is made to produce crumb structure, and then change the water properties of soil, the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer can also be promoted, when especially using phosphate fertilizer, because alkali lignin has huge legendary turtle conjunction property, effectively can prevent phosphate fertilizer from anchoring on soil, improve fertilizer efficiency significantly.
3) liquid ground film: degradable xylogen mulch film developing low-cost, degradable, environmental friendliness, there is higher physical strength.Be made up of alkali lignin, collagen protein, tensio-active agent, whipping agent etc., be sprayed on field by spray method, mulching soil surface filming, film has good wetting property, has soil moisture conservation effect, effectively prevents the evaporation of moisture.Can by film bursting when plant seedlings grows, after for some time, mulch film can be degraded automatically, becomes humic acid fertilizer, can improve the crumb structure of soil.Also can add agricultural chemicals and fertilizer in this mulch film, become Multifunctional composite mulching film, its cost is lower.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element are the indispensable fertilizer of growth of many farm crop.Micro-fertilizer is to provide the fertilizer of micro elements by plants, and routine copper fertilizer, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer etc. are all called micro-fertilizer.But simply add in soil mineral compound for combining closely, saliferous and soil (such as, the saltings) poor effect that is corroded.Porous lignin particle compound fertilizer provided by the invention, more slowly agriculturally slow release fertilizer can be used as except having lignin biodegradation's speed, solving inorganic fertilizer use causes vegetable mould in soil to reduce with underground water by outside the nitrogen in mineral manure, phosphorus, potassium and the micro-advantage polluted gradually, also because it has the slow release effect that vesicular structure enhances composite fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer, technical scheme of the present invention prepares xylogen crosslinked A with alkali lignin and formaldehyde reaction, then by A, pore-forming material and lignin particles setting agent Homogeneous phase mixing.Adjustment compound system pH value, make the coated pore-forming material sedimentation of A, centrifugation obtains solid mixture B.The pore-forming material in special process removing B is adopted to obtain porous xylogen C.With the solution soaking porous xylogen C of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizer, and drying and moulding prepares porous xylogen composite fertilizer D.Porous xylogen composite fertilizer D, auxiliary material, adhesive aid are mixed in stirrer, adopts tablets press by said mixture extruding pelletization, preparation porous lignin particle compound fertilizer.
The lignin particle compound fertilizer that the present invention relates to comprises the preparation of crosslinked, coated sedimentation, pore-creating technique, composite fertilizer's immobilization and porous lignin particle compound fertilizer drying and moulding five steps, it is characterized in that:
1) coated settling process: the NaOH solution that xylogen crosslinked 3.0g adds appropriate 5%-40% is dissolved, and adds 0.3g pore-forming material solution subsequently and mixes, regulate pH to be acid with 2%-10%HCl solution, system has precipitation to generate, and centrifugation obtains solid mixture B.
2) poration process: centrifugation obtains solid mixture B, adopts suitable physical method removing pore-forming material to obtain porous xylogen C.
3) with the solution soaking porous xylogen C of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizer, and drying and moulding prepares porous xylogen composite fertilizer D.
4) respectively porous lignin particle compound fertilizer D, auxiliary material, adhesive aid are mixed in stirrer with certain proportion, adopt tablets press by said mixture extruding pelletization, preparation porous lignin particle compound fertilizer.
Above-mentioned industrial lignin can be alkali lignin, sulfonated lignin or by being separated the xylogen of preparation in stalk, wheat straw and not needing polishing purification.
Above-mentioned pore-forming material can be suitable macromolecular compound, comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, polysaccharide, cyclodextrin, water-soluble linear macromolecular compound, the water-soluble three dimensional polymer etc. that particle diameter is suitable; Above-mentioned pore-forming material can be also mineral compound, comprises sodium-chlor, saltpetre, sodium sulfate, potassium aluminium sulfate, zinc nitrate, Sodium phosphate dibasic etc.
The special process of above-mentioned removing pore-forming material comprises heat pore former method and solvent wash method etc.
Above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer can be bicarbonate of ammonia, SODIUMNITRATE, nitrocalcite, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate and urea etc.Above-mentioned phosphate fertilizer can be the compound fertilizer such as calcium phosphate, double superhosphate, ammonium phosphate etc. or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, thomas phosphate, ammoniated superphosphate, calcium metaphosphate.Above-mentioned potash fertilizer can be plant ash, salt of wormwood etc.Composite fertilizer can also be used as compound trace element fertilizers such as saltpetre, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphates.Above-mentioned copper fertilizer can be cupric nitrate, copper sulfate, cupric oxide, containing Copper Slag etc.Above-mentioned boron fertilizer can be borax, boric acid, boron mud.Above-mentioned molydbenum fertilizer can be nitric acid molybdenum, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate.Above-mentioned manganese fertilizer can be manganous sulfate, manganous carbonate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese oxide etc.Above-mentioned iron fertilizer can be ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulphate, ferric oxide, iron protoxide, ferrous ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate iron etc.Above-mentioned zinc fertilizer can be zinc sulfate, basic zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc carbonate etc.Above-mentioned auxiliary material can be the additives such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, stalk, grass meal.
Above-mentioned adhesive aid can be mud, discarded plant is starch, Xylo-Mucine etc. prepared by raw material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Weigh the NaOH solution 0.6mL that industrial lignin 3.0g adds 20%, then regulate pH to 10 with distilled water, add 4.8mL formaldehyde subsequently, be transferred in 100mL there-necked flask after mixing, stir in 90 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and Cross-linked reaction 2h occurs, cooling, prepares xylogen crosslinked A, then by A, appropriate bicarbonate of ammonia and lignin particles setting agent Homogeneous phase mixing.Regulate pH to 5 with 10%HCl solution, add 2.03g urea, 0.4g iron nitrate.2h is reacted in 90 DEG C of water-baths; xylogen cross-linking compounds is reacted fully with it; the relation of nitrogen content 23.96%, the porous xylogen composite fertilizer D(bicarbonate of ammonia add-on of iron-holder 0.375% and porosity that obtains is in table 1); respectively porous xylogen composite fertilizer D and the peat composed of rotten mosses, starch, water are mixed in stirrer with 50:5:42:3 ratio, adopt tablets press that said mixture extruding pelletization is prepared porous particle xylogen composite fertilizer.Uncrosslinked xylogen raw material is control sample.The dry Erlenmeyer flask of 250mL is placed in by accurately taking above-mentioned porous particle xylogen composite fertilizer 1.0g respectively, add 100mL distilled water immersion, separated in time gets 3 groups of sample filtration, 0.05g sample Sulfuric-Acid Digestion is accurately got after filter residue and drying, adopt Kjeldahl determination to measure the nitrogen content of residual residue in respective samples, get 3 groups of statistical average.As calculated, in 48 hours, the slowly-releasing situation of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer (nitrogen content: 239.6mg/g) nitrogen element is in table 2, and slow release effect is obvious.
The relation (unit: mg/g) of table 1 embodiment 1 bicarbonate of ammonia add-on and porosity
The slowly-releasing situation (unit: mg/g) of table 2 embodiment 1 porous lignin particle compound fertilizer
Embodiment 2
The porous particle xylogen composite fertilizer 1.0g accurately taken respectively in above-described embodiment 1 is placed in the dry Erlenmeyer flask of 250mL, add 100mL distilled water immersion, separated in time gets 3 groups of sample filtration, 0.05g sample Sulfuric-Acid Digestion is accurately got after filter residue and drying, adopt Kjeldahl determination to measure the nitrogen content of residual residue in respective samples, get 3 groups of statistical average.As calculated, in 48 hours the slowly-releasing situation of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer (iron level: 3.75mg/g) ferro element in table 3.
The slowly-releasing situation (unit: mg/g) of table 3 embodiment 1 porous lignin particle compound fertilizer ferro element
Embodiment 3
Prepare xylogen crosslinked A according to step described in embodiment 1, then by A, appropriate saltpetre and 1% sodium alginate Homogeneous phase mixing.Adjustment compound system pH value is 5, and make the coated saltpetre sedimentation of A, centrifugation obtains solid mixture B.Water washing removing pore-forming material is adopted to obtain porous xylogen C.By C and 0.4g iron nitrate Homogeneous phase mixing, and dry preparation porous xylogen composite fertilizer D.Preparing porous particle xylogen composite fertilizer by granulation process described in embodiment 1, the data of its porosity are in table 4.
The porous particle xylogen composite fertilizer 1.0g accurately taken respectively in above-described embodiment 3 is placed in the dry Erlenmeyer flask of 250mL, add 100mL distilled water immersion, separated in time gets 3 groups of sample filtration, 0.05g sample Sulfuric-Acid Digestion is accurately got after filter residue and drying, according to GBT14540-2003, atomic absorption spectrophotometer is adopted to measure iron level in sustained-release liquid.Get 3 groups of statistical average.As calculated, in 48 hours the slowly-releasing situation of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer (iron level: 3.75mg/g) ferro element in table 5.
The relation (unit: mg/g) of table 4 embodiment 1 saltpetre add-on and porosity
The slowly-releasing situation (unit: mg/g) of table 5 embodiment 3 porous lignin particle compound fertilizer ferro element
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a porous lignin particle compound fertilizer, the lignin particle compound fertilizer that the present invention relates to comprises the preparation of crosslinked, coated sedimentation, pore-creating technique, composite fertilizer's immobilization and porous lignin particle compound fertilizer granulating and forming five steps, it is characterized in that: the 1) preparation of crosslinked: the NaOH solution that industrial lignin 3.0g adds 5%-40% dissolves adjust pH to 10, add 4.8mL formaldehyde subsequently, mix and react 2h in 90 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, cooling, prepares xylogen crosslinked A; 2) coated settling process: xylogen crosslinked A and 5%-20% pore-forming material and 1% sodium alginate Homogeneous phase mixing, adjustment compound system pH value is 5, and make the coated pore-forming material sedimentation of A, centrifugation obtains solid mixture B; 3) poration process: by mixture B, removing pore-forming material obtains porous xylogen C; 4) composite fertilizer's immobilization: with the solution soaking porous xylogen C of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizer, and drying and moulding prepares porous xylogen composite fertilizer D; 5) granulating and forming: porous lignin particle compound fertilizer D, auxiliary material, adhesive aid are mixed in stirrer respectively with certain proportion, adopts tablets press by said mixture extruding pelletization, preparation porous lignin particle compound fertilizer.
2. the preparation method of a kind of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned industrial lignin adopts alkali lignin, sulfonated lignin or by the one of xylogen or two kinds and the above mixing that are separated preparation in stalk, wheat straw, and do not need polishing purification.
3. the preparation method of a kind of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of bicarbonate of ammonia, SODIUMNITRATE, nitrocalcite, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate and urea; The one of above-mentioned phosphate fertilizer employing calcium phosphate, double superhosphate, ammonium phosphate or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, thomas phosphate, ammoniated superphosphate, calcium metaphosphate or two kinds and above mixing; Above-mentioned potash fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of plant ash, salt of wormwood, saltpetre, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate; Above-mentioned mixture secondary and micro-element fertilizers adopts copper fertilizer, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer; Above-mentioned copper fertilizer adopts cupric nitrate, copper sulfate, cupric oxide, containing the one of Copper Slag or two kinds and above mixing; Above-mentioned boron fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of borax, boric acid, boron mud; Above-mentioned molydbenum fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of nitric acid molybdenum, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate; Above-mentioned manganese fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of manganous sulfate, manganous carbonate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese oxide; Above-mentioned iron fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulphate, ferric oxide, iron protoxide, ferrous ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate iron; Above-mentioned zinc fertilizer adopts one or two kinds and the above mixing of zinc sulfate, basic zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc carbonate.
4. the preparation method of a kind of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned pore-forming material adopts macromolecular compound to comprise one or two kinds and the above mixing of the suitable water-soluble three dimensional polymer of carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, polysaccharide, cyclodextrin water-soluble linear macromolecular compound or particle diameter; Or above-mentioned pore-forming material adopts mineral compound, comprises one or two kinds and the above mixing of sodium-chlor, saltpetre, sodium sulfate, potassium aluminium sulfate, zinc nitrate, Sodium phosphate dibasic and bicarbonate of ammonia.
5. the preparation method of a kind of porous lignin particle compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned auxiliary material adopts the peat composed of rotten mosses, stalk, grass meal additive one or two kinds and above mixing; Above-mentioned adhesive aid adopts mud, discarded plant be raw material prepare starch, the one of Xylo-Mucine or two kinds and above mixing.
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| CN104072210B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-08-24 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Trace element fertilizer and its preparation method and application in a kind of multipurpose |
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| CN111253945B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏沃绿宝生物科技股份有限公司 | Acidified soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111826165A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-27 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Acidified soil cellulose-based modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN112062641A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-12-11 | 华南农业大学 | Alkaline compound liquid fertilizer containing lignin-based long-acting nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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