CN103151189B - Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter - Google Patents
Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103151189B CN103151189B CN201310042576.XA CN201310042576A CN103151189B CN 103151189 B CN103151189 B CN 103151189B CN 201310042576 A CN201310042576 A CN 201310042576A CN 103151189 B CN103151189 B CN 103151189B
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- repulsion
- speeden
- pontic
- electromagnetic
- dish
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The cut-off device of quick current-limiting disjunction when the present invention relates to a kind of short circuit malfunction, is specifically related to a kind of Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter.It comprises repulsion drive circuit, the repulsion coil be connected in repulsion drive circuit, input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, between input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, cross-over connection has pontic, pontic overcoat has insulating sleeve, repulsion dish is provided with below pontic, repulsion dish is positioned at above repulsion coil, repulsion dish is fixed with the collets that pontic can be interrupted.The present invention adopts electromagnetic repulsion force Driving technique to instead of explosive Driving technique, overcome the deficiency of explosive Driving technique, and by the structure that connects pontic between two binding posts as through-flow circuit, both the temperature increase requirement that big current is through-flow had been met, again reduce the energy interrupted needed for this cut-off device, greatly reduce cost, improve breaking speed and reliability, have wide future in engineering applications and good economic benefit.<!--1-->
Description
Technical field
The cut-off device of quick current-limiting disjunction when the present invention relates to a kind of short circuit malfunction, is specifically related to a kind of Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter.
Background technology
Along with the raising day by day of the short circuit current level in electrical network, peak value of short can reach more than 100kA, and short circuit current climbing speed di/dt is high, and the ultimate breaking capacity of conventional circuit breaker is not enough, and operate time is longer, be difficult to the requirement meeting the disjunction of short trouble quick current-limiting.In electrical network, install novel fault current-limiting apparatus (FCL) is the more satisfactory scheme solving such problem, carry out the novel current-limiting apparatus research of multiple principle both at home and abroad, such as superconductive current limiter, solid-state current limiter, liquid metal flow restricter, current limiting circuit breaker, current limiting fuse etc.Current limiting fuse is a kind of high speed current-limiting protection device blast being cut-off technology and fast acting fuse combine with technique, is also one of most widely used current-limiting protection technology of commercialization so far.According to operation principle, current limiting fuse can be divided into electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse and electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuse two kinds.
Electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse detects trigger equipment, explosive cut-off device and fast acting fuse in parallel with it by electronic type and forms.The mainstream product of current electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse has the Clip etc. of Pyristor, G & W company of Is-limiter, Ferraz company of ABB AB, it detects principle of trigger equipment is all amplitude by current sensor detection line electric current or rate of change, sends the explosive that signal ignites in cut-off device complete disjunction when exceeding set point by electronic control unit.The rated voltage of this series products can reach 40.5kV, and rated current can arrive 5kA, and drop-out current can reach more than 200kA, at home and abroad existing extensive application.But adopt transducer and electronic circuit because this plant failure detects, in practical application, there is the problem that the factor such as electromagnetic interference or component failure causes malfunction or tripping.
Electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuse adopts arc striking mechanism to instead of electronic sensor and control unit, directly utilizes the thermal effect of short circuit current as short-circuit detecting means and trigger condition.When being short-circuited, in arc striking mechanism, melt fuses and produces electric arc under short circuit current effect, utilize the explosive in this arc voltage ignition charge cut-off device and complete disjunction, overcome electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse detect trigger equipment reliability low, need the shortcomings such as external power supply.
But no matter be electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse, or electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuse, their high-speed breaking device is all that the impulsive force relying on explosive charge to produce drives, and makes the quick disjunction of cut-off device and by current transfer on arc extinguishing fuse.And the limitation adopting explosive to drive is: 1. explosive restricted lifetime, can with the growth of service time decomposition failure gradually; 2. the priming system such as explosive is expensive, needs to change after each action, less economical; 3. ambient temperature is required harsh; 4. during short circuit breaking, noise is large, and explosion time can produce spark, and when some have the special occasions of inflammable gas to use, need enclosed housing, overall volume is larger.Therefore, need to consider to substitute other novel fast driving mode that explosive drives cut-off device.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the deficiency existed to solve above-mentioned background technology, provides a kind of Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter that breaking speed is fast, reliability is high of alternative explosive Driving technique.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter, comprise repulsion drive circuit, the repulsion coil be connected in repulsion drive circuit, input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, between input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, cross-over connection has pontic, pontic overcoat has insulating sleeve, repulsion dish is provided with below pontic, repulsion dish is positioned at above repulsion coil, repulsion dish is fixed with the collets that pontic can be interrupted.
Further, described repulsion drive circuit comprises the capacitor of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance be serially connected, thyristor and fly-wheel diode, capacitor anode and negative pole are connected with fly-wheel diode negative pole, thyristor negative electrode respectively, fly-wheel diode positive pole is connected with thyristor anode, and described repulsion coils connected in series is in parallel with fly-wheel diode between capacitor with thyristor.Repulsion drive circuit provides large pulse current by the conducting controlling thyristor to repulsion coil, when pulse current flows through repulsion coil, produces magnetic field thereon and acts on repulsion dish.
Further, described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and upper and lower two ends, contiguous block material is metal, and the upper and lower edges at two ends of central copper billet is connected as a single entity with the contiguous block at upper and lower two ends respectively, and the contiguous block at upper and lower two ends is connected with output wiring terminal with input wires terminal respectively; Contiguous block central authorities offer square or circular port; Described central copper billet is cuboid or cylindrical structure, and the square or circular port offered with contiguous block central authorities matches.
Further, described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and upper and lower two ends, and contiguous block material is metal, and contiguous block central authorities offer bellmouth; Described central copper billet is conical structure, and the upper and lower two ends of central copper billet embed in the bellmouth of upper and lower two ends contiguous block respectively, and the contiguous block at upper and lower two ends is connected with output wiring terminal with input wires terminal respectively.
Further, the material of described insulating sleeve is epoxy resin or other insulating material; The upper and lower two ends of insulating sleeve are connected with output wiring terminal with input wires terminal respectively, realize the isolation between pontic and external environment condition.
Further, described repulsion dish is drive collets to clash into interrupt aluminium dish or the copper dish of pontic for responding to magnetic field that repulsion coil produces and producing electromagnetic repulsion force.
Further, described collets material insulating material collets upper end is passed input wires terminal and is extended to below pontic.
The present invention adopts electromagnetic repulsion force Driving technique to instead of explosive Driving technique, overcome the deficiency of explosive Driving technique, and by the structure that connects pontic between two binding posts as through-flow circuit, both the temperature increase requirement that big current is through-flow had been met, again reduce the energy interrupted needed for this cut-off device, greatly reduce cost, improve breaking speed and reliability, have wide future in engineering applications and good economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of a kind of pontic of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of another pontic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first scheme schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to mixed type current limiting fuse.
Fig. 5 is voltage, the current diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the first scheme in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the first scheme figure that the present invention is applied to mixed type current limiting fuse.
Fig. 7 is voltage, the current diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of first scheme in Fig. 6.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, is convenient to be well understood to the present invention, but they do not form restriction to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes repulsion drive circuit and be connected to the repulsion coil L in repulsion drive circuit
0.Repulsion drive circuit comprises the capacitor C of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance be serially connected
0, thyristor F
0and sustained diode
0, capacitor C
0positive pole and negative pole respectively with sustained diode
0negative pole, thyristor F
0negative electrode connects, sustained diode
0positive pole and thyristor F
0anode connects, and repulsion coils connected in series is at capacitor C
0with thyristor F
0between and and sustained diode
0parallel connection, thyristor F
0receive conducting after the triggering signal Rt of external circuit.The present invention also comprises input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2, and between input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2, cross-over connection has pontic.Pontic is closely enclosed with insulating sleeve 5 outward, and the material of insulating sleeve 5 is epoxy resin or other insulating material; Insulating sleeve about 5 two ends are connected with output wiring terminal 2 with input wires terminal 1 respectively, realize the isolation between pontic and external environment condition.Be provided with repulsion dish 6 below pontic, repulsion dish 6 is aluminium dish or copper dish, and repulsion dish 6 is positioned at repulsion coil L
0top, for responding to repulsion coil L
0produce magnetic field and produce electromagnetic repulsion force drive collets 7 interrupt pontic.Repulsion dish 6 is fixed with upper and lower for pontic two ends can be separated collets 7, collets 7 are made for insulating material, and collets 7 upper end is passed input wires terminal 1 and extended to below the central copper billet 4 of pontic.
As shown in Figure 2, pontic comprises the contiguous block 3 at central copper billet 4 and upper and lower two ends; Central authorities' copper billet about 4 edges at two ends is connected as a single entity with the contiguous block 3 at upper and lower two ends respectively, and the contiguous block 3 at upper and lower two ends is connected with output wiring terminal 2 with input wires terminal 1 respectively by bolt, realizes normal circulation and disjunction circuit.Contiguous block 3 material is metal, and central authorities offer square or circular port; Central authorities' copper billet 4 is cuboid or cylindrical structure, and the square or circular port offered with contiguous block 3 central authorities matches.
In Fig. 2, the contiguous block 3 of pontic is structure as a whole with central copper billet 4.Now design another kind of pontic, as shown in Figure 3, the contiguous block 3 of pontic is separated with central copper billet 4, contiguous block 3 central authorities offer bellmouth, central authorities' copper billet 4 is designed to cone and embeds in the bellmouth of contiguous block 3, central authorities' copper billet 4 upper end diameter is greater than lower end diameter, and the bellmouth offered by lower end contiguous block blocks central copper billet 4.The stressed upwards action of collets 7 heads on central copper billet 4 and moves upward, thus pontic is disconnected
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
When short circuit occurs, the thyristor F in repulsion drive circuit
0receive action triggers signal Rt and conducting, capacitor C charged in advance
0start to repulsion coil L
0electric discharge is generation current also, and electric current is at repulsion coil L
0middle formation magnetic field, the repulsion dish 5 of this magnetic fields in top produces electromagnetic repulsion force, repulsion dish 5 drives collets 7 after certain action time of delay, upwards clashes into the pontic interrupted in cut-off device, realizes the disjunction of circuit between input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2.
As shown in Figure 4, be applied to the first scheme in mixed type current limiting fuse for Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter of the present invention: arc striking mechanism is placed in outside the parallel branch of Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter and arc extinguishing fuse, the external scheme of arc striking mechanism is called in this device letter.
As shown in Figure 5, be electric current, the V diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the external scheme of arc striking mechanism of Fig. 4.
The operation principle of the external application scheme of arc striking mechanism is:
During normal work, current i through arc striking mechanism 8, and mainly flows through i.e. current i from Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter
1, arc extinguishing fuse 10 has a small amount of current i
2flow through.When short circuit occurs, the melt fusing starting the arc in arc striking mechanism 8, arc extinguishing fuse 10 both end voltage u becomes arc voltage U
1, at the pulse transformer 9 of arc striking mechanism 8 two ends parallel connection to the thyristor F in repulsion drive circuit
0send out triggering signal Rt, pre-charged capacitor C
0to repulsion coil L
0electric discharge is generation current also, and electric current is at repulsion coil L
0middle formation magnetic field, the repulsion dish 6 of this magnetic fields in top produces electromagnetic repulsion force, and repulsion dish 6 drives collets 7 through certain action t time of delay
aafter, upwards interrupt the pontic in cut-off device, now arc extinguishing fuse 8 both end voltage u becomes arc voltage U
2, current i
1shift from cut-off device to arc extinguishing fuse 10, through commutation time t
cafter-current i
1all transfer on arc extinguishing fuse 10, after this arc extinguishing fuse 10 is through t after a while
zthe fusing starting the arc, there is overvoltage in arc extinguishing fuse 10 two ends, short circuit current starts to decline, and the complete disjunction of final circuit, arc extinguishing fuse 10 both end voltage u becomes constant voltage U
e.T
zfor cut-off device current i
1the medium recovery time after zero passage, if cut-off device medium has recovered insulation, this overvoltage can be born, otherwise cut-off device can be punctured again by overvoltage, affects current limitation effect.
After being short-circuited, to fuse starting the arc moment t from arc striking mechanism 8
0, through t operate time of collets 7
aafter, namely interrupted moment t from the pontic of cut-off device
1rise, current i
1current i is melted to arc extinguishing from cut-off device
2disconnected device transfer, through commutation time t
crear i.e. t
2moment current i
1all transfer on arc extinguishing fuse, to arc extinguishing fuse starting the arc moment t
3, electric current to peaking and start decline, to circuit disjunction moment t
4current i
2drop to zero.
As shown in Figure 6, be the first scheme that Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter of the present invention is applied in mixed type current limiting fuse: after arc striking mechanism and Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter are connected, more in parallel with arc extinguishing fuse.Do analysis further to the scheme of Fig. 3 known, there is arcing process at electric current in Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter in arc extinguishing fuse current switching process, and the quality of the medium recovery after its current over-zero is subject to the impact of cut-off device change of current arcing energy size.Therefore, this patent in turn gives a kind of improvement project reducing cut-off device arcing energy, and relative to the external scheme of the arc striking mechanism of Fig. 3, this improvement project is also referred to as the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism.
As shown in Figure 7, be electric current, the V diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism of Fig. 6.
The operation principle of arc striking mechanism built-in application scheme is:
During normal work, current i mainly flows through from arc striking mechanism and cut-off device, and arc extinguishing fuse has a small amount of current i
2flow through.After short circuit occurs, first arc striking mechanism 8 fuses the starting the arc, current i
1to shift on arc extinguishing fuse 10 immediately, simultaneously by pulse transformer 9 to thyristor F
0send out triggering signal Rt, the pontic interrupted in cut-off device due to collets needs certain hour t
a, namely work as t
2moment collets interrupt pontic, now current i
1all or major part transfer on arc extinguishing fuse 10, therefore on cut-off device, arcing energy is minimum, and after this collets 7 continue to move upward and make pontic continue to be separated, and is formed and enough open distance, t
zfor cut-off device current i
1the medium recovery time after zero passage, t
3moment arc extinguishing fuse 10 fuse the starting the arc produce overvoltage, this voltage-drop loading to cut-off device two ends, short circuit current start decline, the complete disjunction of final circuit.
Contrast arc striking mechanism is external and the built-in two kinds of application schemes of arc striking mechanism are known:
(1) built-in scheme just starts the change of current in the arc striking mechanism starting the arc moment, and external scheme needs arc striking mechanism signal issued cut-off device and collets will be waited pontic to be interrupted the rear change of current that just starts, if the arc striking mechanism starting the arc moment t of two schemes
0identical, the change of current electric current starting point of built-in scheme is low, and commutation time is shorter, and the current peak after current limliting can be accomplished lower;
(2) in built-in scheme, cut-off device pontic is interrupted the moment is after commutation course terminates, on it, electric current is now close to zero, the arcing energy formed in cut-off device is very little, and the commutation course in external scheme is started when cut-off device pontic interrupts the starting the arc, cut-off device change of current electric current is larger, therefore larger arcing energy can be produced, very unfavorable to media recovery process.
In sum, compared with the external scheme of arc striking mechanism, the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism have the cut-off device change of current moment early, commutation time is short, arcing energy is little and dielectric recovery property is good advantage, arc striking mechanism built-in scheme can be paid the utmost attention to during application.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (5)
1. an Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter, it is characterized in that: comprise repulsion drive circuit, the repulsion coil be connected in repulsion drive circuit, input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, between input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, cross-over connection has pontic, pontic overcoat has insulating sleeve, repulsion dish is provided with below pontic, repulsion dish is positioned at above repulsion coil, repulsion dish is fixed with the collets that pontic can be interrupted; Described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and upper and lower two ends, and contiguous block material is metal, and contiguous block central authorities offer bellmouth; Described central copper billet is conical structure, and the upper and lower two ends of central copper billet embed in the bellmouth of upper and lower two ends contiguous block respectively, and the contiguous block at upper and lower two ends is connected with output wiring terminal with input wires terminal respectively.
2. Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described repulsion drive circuit comprises the capacitor of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance be serially connected, thyristor and fly-wheel diode, capacitor anode and negative pole are connected with fly-wheel diode negative pole, thyristor negative electrode respectively, fly-wheel diode positive pole is connected with thyristor anode, and described repulsion coils connected in series is in parallel with fly-wheel diode between capacitor with thyristor.
3. Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described insulating sleeve is epoxy resin or other insulating material; The upper and lower two ends of insulating sleeve are connected with output wiring terminal with input wires terminal respectively.
4. Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described repulsion dish is drive collets to clash into interrupt aluminium dish or the copper dish of pontic for responding to magnetic field that repulsion coil produces and producing electromagnetic repulsion force.
5. Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described collets material is insulating material, and collets upper end is passed input wires terminal and extended to below pontic.
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Families Citing this family (7)
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CN105763096B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-07-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of combination wave circuit for driving ablation-controlled arc to discharge |
CN106783428A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所) | A kind of combined repulsion dish for electromagnetic repulsion mechanism |
CN107578948B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-10-25 | 国网江苏省电力公司南通供电公司 | The shunt capacitor group switching high-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of flexible divide-shut brake |
CN109360764B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-09-03 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) | A kind of direct current vacuum circuit breaker |
CN110571113A (en) * | 2019-10-27 | 2019-12-13 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | Auxiliary arc extinguishing structure of excitation fuse |
CN111180285A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-19 | 吴妍佩 | Direct current fuse |
CN117498284B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-04-05 | 武汉大学 | Series compensation capacitor device based on short-circuit fault current intelligent self-driving |
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EP0180886A2 (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-14 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | High-speed current limiting circuit breaker |
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