CN103151189A - Electromagnetic-repulsion-driven high-speed piston type interrupter - Google Patents

Electromagnetic-repulsion-driven high-speed piston type interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103151189A
CN103151189A CN201310042576XA CN201310042576A CN103151189A CN 103151189 A CN103151189 A CN 103151189A CN 201310042576X A CN201310042576X A CN 201310042576XA CN 201310042576 A CN201310042576 A CN 201310042576A CN 103151189 A CN103151189 A CN 103151189A
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China
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repulsion
contiguous block
pontic
electromagnetic
current
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CN201310042576XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103151189B (en
Inventor
庄劲武
袁志方
王晨
张超
徐国顺
江壮贤
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Naval University of Engineering PLA
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Naval University of Engineering PLA
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Abstract

The invention relates to an interrupter for quick current-limiting interruption during a short trouble of a power grid, in particular to an electromagnetic-repulsion-driven high-speed piston type interrupter. The electromagnetic-repulsion-driven high-speed piston type interrupter comprises a repulsion driving circuit, a repulsion coil, an input connecting terminal and an output connecting terminal, wherein the repulsion coil is connected in the repulsion driving circuit, a bridge body is connected between the input connecting terminal and the output connecting terminal in a bridging mode, an insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the bridge body, a repulsion plate is arranged below the bridge body and located above the repulsion coil, and an insulting block capable of breaking the bridge body off is fixed on the repulsion plate. An electromagnetic repulsion driving technology replaces an explosive driving technology, and thus defects of the explosive driving technology are overcome. The structure that the bridge body is connected between the two connecting terminals serves as a through-current circuit, so not only are the temperature-rising requirements of circulation of a large current met, but also energy required by interruption of the interrupter is reduced. The cost is greatly reduced, the interrupting speed and the interrupting reliability are greatly promoted, and the electromagnetic-repulsion-driven high-speed piston type interrupter has wide prospects for engineering application and good economic benefits.

Description

Electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device
Technical field
The cut-off device of quick current-limiting disjunction when the present invention relates to a kind of short circuit malfunction is specifically related to a kind of electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device.
Background technology
Raising day by day along with the short circuit current level in electrical network, more than peak value of short can reach 100kA, and short circuit current climbing speed di/dt is high, and the ultimate breaking capacity of conventional circuit breaker is not enough, and operate time is longer, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of short trouble quick current-limiting disjunction.Installing novel fault current-limiting apparatus (FCL) is the more satisfactory scheme that solves such problem in electrical network, carried out the novel current-limiting apparatus research of multiple principle both at home and abroad, such as superconductive current limiter, solid-state current limiter, liquid metal flow restricter, current limiting circuit breaker, current limiting fuse etc.Current limiting fuse is that a kind of high speed current-limiting protection device that technology is combined with the fast acting fuse technology is cut-off in blast, is also one of most widely used current-limiting protection technology of commercialization so far.According to operation principle, current limiting fuse can be divided into two kinds of electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse and electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuses.
The electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse is comprised of the fast acting fuse that electronic type detects trigger equipment, explosive cut-off device and parallel connection with it.At present the mainstream product of electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse has Pyristor, the G﹠amp of Is-limiter, the Ferraz company of ABB AB; The Clip of W company etc., its principle that detects trigger equipment is all amplitude or the rates of change by current sensor detection line electric current, the explosive that is sent by electronic control unit when surpassing set point in signal ignition cut-off device is completed disjunction.The rated voltage of this series products can reach 40.5kV, and rated current can arrive 5kA, more than drop-out current can reach 200kA, and existing extensive application at home and abroad.But adopt transducer and electronic circuit because this plant failure detects, exist the factors such as electromagnetic interference or components and parts inefficacy to cause the problem of malfunction or tripping in practical application.
Electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuse adopts arc striking mechanism to replace electronic sensor and control unit, directly utilizes the thermal effect of short circuit current as short-circuit detecting means and trigger condition.When being short-circuited, in arc striking mechanism, melt fuses under the short circuit current effect and produces electric arc, utilize the explosive in this arc voltage ignition charge cut-off device and complete disjunction, overcome the electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse detect the trigger equipment reliability low, need the shortcoming such as external power supply.
Yet no matter be the electronic detection-control type current limiting fuse, or electric arc trigger-type current limiting fuse, their high-speed breaking device is all that the impulsive force that relies on explosive charge to produce drives, make the quick disjunction of cut-off device and with current transfer to the arc extinguishing fuse.And the limitation that adopts explosive to drive is: 1. the explosive life-span limited, can be with the growth of service time decomposition failure gradually; 2. the priming system such as explosive is expensive, needs to change after each action, less economical; 3. ambient temperature is required harsh; 4. noise is large during short circuit breaking, and explosion time can produce spark, when some have the special occasions of inflammable gas to use, needs enclosed housing, and overall volume is larger.Therefore, need to consider to substitute other novel fast driving mode that explosive drives cut-off device.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists in order to solve the above-mentioned background technology, the electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device that provide a kind of breaking speed of alternative explosive Driving technique fast, reliability is high.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device, comprise the repulsion drive circuit, be connected to repulsion coil, input wires terminal and output wiring terminal in the repulsion drive circuit, between input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, cross-over connection has pontic, the pontic overcoat has insulating sleeve, the pontic below is provided with the repulsion dish, the repulsion dish is positioned at above the repulsion coil, is fixed with the collets that pontic can be interrupted on the repulsion dish.
Further, described repulsion drive circuit comprises capacitor, thyristor and the fly-wheel diode of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance that is serially connected, capacitor anode is connected with negative pole with fly-wheel diode negative pole, thyristor negative electrode and is connected, fly-wheel diode anodal with the thyristor anodic bonding, described repulsion coil is connected between capacitor and thyristor and is in parallel with fly-wheel diode.The repulsion drive circuit provides large pulse current by the conducting of controlling thyristor to the repulsion coil, when pulse current flows through the repulsion coil, produces magnetic field thereon and acts on the repulsion dish.
Further, described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and two ends, up and down, the contiguous block material is metal, and central copper billet up and down edges at two ends is connected as a single entity with the contiguous block at two ends, up and down respectively, and the contiguous block at two ends, up and down is connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively; Contiguous block central authorities offer square or circular port; Described central copper billet is cuboid or cylindrical structure, matches with the square or circular port that contiguous block central authorities offer.
Further, described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and two ends, up and down, and the contiguous block material is metal, and contiguous block central authorities offer bellmouth; Described central copper billet is conical structure, and two ends, central copper billet up and down embed respectively in the bellmouth of two ends, up and down contiguous block, and the contiguous block at two ends, up and down is connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively.
Further, the material of described insulating sleeve is epoxy resin or other insulating material; Two ends, insulating sleeve up and down are connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively, realize the isolation between pontic and external environment condition.
Further, described repulsion dish clashes into for being used for responding to the magnetic field of repulsion coil generation and producing electromagnetic repulsion force driving collets aluminium dish or the copper dish that interrupts pontic.
Further, described collets material insulating material collets upper end is passed the input wires terminal and is extended to the pontic below.
The present invention adopts the electromagnetic repulsion force Driving technique to substitute the explosive Driving technique, overcome the deficiency of explosive Driving technique, and by connecting the structure of pontic as through-flow circuit between two binding posts, both satisfied the through-flow temperature rise requirement of large electric current, reduced again and interrupted the required energy of this cut-off device, greatly reduce cost, improved breaking speed and reliability, wide future in engineering applications and good economic benefit are arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of a kind of pontic of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of another pontic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first scheme schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to the mixed type current limiting fuse.
Fig. 5 is voltage, the current diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the first scheme in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the first scheme figure that the present invention is applied to the mixed type current limiting fuse.
Fig. 7 is voltage, the current diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of first scheme in Fig. 6.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, be convenient to be well understood to the present invention, but they do not consist of restriction to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes repulsion drive circuit and the repulsion coil L that is connected in the repulsion drive circuit 0The repulsion drive circuit comprises the capacitor C of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance that is serially connected 0, thyristor F 0And sustained diode 0, capacitor C 0Anodal and negative pole respectively with sustained diode 0Negative pole, thyristor F 0Negative electrode connects, sustained diode 0Positive pole and thyristor F 0Anodic bonding, the repulsion coil is connected on capacitor C 0With thyristor F 0Between and and sustained diode 0Parallel connection, thyristor F 0Receive conducting after the triggering signal Rt of external circuit.The present invention also comprises input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2, and between input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2, cross-over connection has pontic.Pontic closely is enclosed with insulating sleeve 5 outward, and the material of insulating sleeve 5 is epoxy resin or other insulating material; Insulating sleeve is connected with output wiring terminal 2 with input wires terminal 1 respectively at two ends Shang Xia 5, realizes the isolation between pontic and external environment condition.The pontic below is provided with repulsion dish 6, and repulsion dish 6 is aluminium dish or copper dish, and repulsion dish 6 is positioned at repulsion coil L 0The top is used for induction repulsion coil L 0The magnetic field that produces also produces electromagnetic repulsion force and drives collets 7 and interrupt pontic.Be fixed with on repulsion dish 6 two ends, pontic up and down can be separated collets 7, collets 7 are made for insulating material, collets 7 upper ends are passed input wires terminal 1 and are extended to central copper billet 4 belows of pontic.
As shown in Figure 2, pontic comprises the contiguous block 3 at central copper billet 4 and two ends, up and down; Central authorities' copper billet 4 Shang Xia edges at two ends be connected as a single entity with the contiguous block 3 at two ends, up and down respectively, the contiguous block 3 at two ends, up and down is connected with output wiring terminal 2 with input wires terminal 1 respectively by bolt, realizes normally circulating and the disjunction circuit.Contiguous block 3 materials are metal, and central authorities offer square or circular port; Central authorities' copper billet 4 is cuboid or cylindrical structure, matches with the square or circular port that contiguous block 3 central authorities offer.
In Fig. 2, the contiguous block 3 of pontic is structure as a whole with central copper billet 4.Now design another kind of pontic, as shown in Figure 3, the contiguous block 3 of pontic separates with central copper billet 4, contiguous block 3 central authorities offer bellmouth, central authorities' copper billet 4 is designed to cone and embeds in the bellmouth of contiguous block 3, central authorities' copper billet 4 upper end diameter are greater than lower end diameter, and the bellmouth of offering by the lower end contiguous block blocks central copper billet 4.The stressed upwards action of collets 7 heads on central copper billet 4 and moves upward, thereby pontic is disconnected
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
When short circuit occurs, the thyristor F in the repulsion drive circuit 0Receive action triggers signal Rt and conducting, charged capacitor C in advance 0Beginning is to repulsion coil L 0Discharge and generation current, electric current is at repulsion coil L 0Middle formation magnetic field, this magnetic fields produces electromagnetic repulsion force in the repulsion dish 5 of top, repulsion dish 5 drives collets 7 after certain action time of delay, and upwards shock interrupts the pontic in cut-off device, realizes the disjunction of circuit between input wires terminal 1 and output wiring terminal 2.
As shown in Figure 4, for electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device of the present invention is applied to the first scheme in the mixed type current limiting fuse: arc striking mechanism is placed in outside the parallel branch of electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device and arc extinguishing fuse, and the external scheme of arc striking mechanism is called in this device letter.
As shown in Figure 5, be electric current, the voltage schematic diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the external scheme of arc striking mechanism of Fig. 4.
The operation principle of the external application scheme of arc striking mechanism is:
During normal operation, current i is through arc striking mechanism 8, and mainly to flow through from electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device be current i 1, a small amount of current i is arranged on arc extinguishing fuse 10 2Flow through.When short circuit occurs, the melt fusing starting the arc in arc striking mechanism 8, arc extinguishing fuse 10 both end voltage u become arc voltage U 1, the thyristor F at the pulse transformer 9 of arc striking mechanism 8 two ends parallel connections in the repulsion drive circuit 0Send out triggering signal Rt, the capacitor C of pre-charge 0To repulsion coil L 0Discharge and generation current, electric current is at repulsion coil L 0Middle formation magnetic field, this magnetic fields produces electromagnetic repulsion force in the repulsion dish 6 of top, and repulsion dish 6 drives collets 7 through certain action t time of delay aAfter, upwards interrupt the pontic in cut-off device, this moment, arc extinguishing fuse 8 both end voltage u became arc voltage U 2, current i 110 shift from cut-off device to the arc extinguishing fuse, through commutation time t cAfter-current i 1All transfer on arc extinguishing fuse 10, after this arc extinguishing fuse 10 is through t after a while zThe fusing starting the arc, overvoltage appears in arc extinguishing fuse 10 two ends, and short circuit current begins to descend, the final complete disjunction of circuit, arc extinguishing fuse 10 both end voltage u become constant voltage U et zBe the cut-off device current i 1The medium recovery time after zero passage, if the cut-off device medium has been recovered insulation can have been born this overvoltage, otherwise cut-off device can puncture again by overvoltage, affects current limitation effect.
After being short-circuited, from arc striking mechanism 8 fusing starting the arc moment t 0, through the t operate time of collets 7 aAfter, namely the pontic from cut-off device is interrupted t constantly 1Play current i 1The molten current i from cut-off device to arc extinguishing 2Disconnected device shifts, through commutation time t cAfter be t 2Moment current i 1All transfer on the arc extinguishing fuse, to arc extinguishing fuse starting the arc moment t 3, electric current is to peaking and begin decline, to circuit disjunction moment t 4Current i 2Drop to zero.
As shown in Figure 6, the first scheme of using in the mixed type current limiting fuse for electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device of the present invention: after arc striking mechanism and the series connection of electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device, more in parallel with the arc extinguishing fuse.The scheme of Fig. 3 is done further to analyze as can be known, and there is the arcing process at electric current in electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device in arc extinguishing fuse current switching process, and the quality of the medium recovery after its current over-zero is subjected to the impact of cut-off device change of current arcing energy size.Therefore, this patent has provided again a kind of improvement project that reduces the cut-off device arcing energy, and with respect to the external scheme of the arc striking mechanism of Fig. 3, this improvement project is also referred to as the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism.
As shown in Figure 7, be electric current, the voltage schematic diagram of the mixed type current limiting fuse breaking course of the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism of Fig. 6.
The operation principle of arc striking mechanism built-in application scheme is:
During normal operation, current i mainly flows through from arc striking mechanism and cut-off device, and the arc extinguishing fuse has a small amount of current i 2Flow through.After short circuit occurs, arc striking mechanism 8 starting the arc that at first fuses, current i 1Will be immediately shift on arc extinguishing fuse 10, simultaneously by pulse transformer 9 to thyristor F 0Send out triggering signal Rt, the pontic that interrupts in cut-off device due to collets needs certain hour t a, namely work as t 2Collets interrupt pontic constantly, at this moment current i 1All or major part transfer on arc extinguishing fuse 10, so on cut-off device, arcing energy is minimum, after this collets 7 continue to move upward and make pontic continue to separate, and form enough distances of opening, t zBe the cut-off device current i 1The medium recovery time after zero passage, t 3The arc extinguishing fuse 10 fusing starting the arc constantly produce overvoltage, and this voltage-drop loading is to the cut-off device two ends, and short circuit current begins to descend, the final complete disjunction of circuit.
External and the built-in two kinds of application schemes of arc striking mechanism of contrast arc striking mechanism are as can be known:
(1) built-in scheme constantly just begins the change of current in the arc striking mechanism starting the arc, and external scheme needs arc striking mechanism that signal is issued cut-off device and will be waited collets that pontic is interrupted the rear change of current that just begins, if the arc striking mechanism starting the arc of two schemes moment t 0Identical, the change of current electric current starting point of built-in scheme is low, and commutation time is shorter, and the current peak after current limliting can be accomplished lower;
(2) in built-in scheme the cut-off device pontic to be interrupted be constantly after commutation course finishes, on it, electric current has approached zero this moment, the arcing energy that forms in cut-off device is very little, and the commutation course in external scheme begins when the cut-off device pontic is interrupted the starting the arc, cut-off device change of current electric current is larger, therefore can produce larger arcing energy, very unfavorable to media recovery process.
In sum, compare with the external scheme of arc striking mechanism, the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism has advantages of morning in the cut-off device change of current moment, commutation time is short, arcing energy is little and the medium recovery characteristic is good, can pay the utmost attention to the built-in scheme of arc striking mechanism during application.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the known prior art of this area professional and technical personnel.

Claims (7)

1. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device, it is characterized in that: comprise the repulsion drive circuit, be connected to repulsion coil, input wires terminal and output wiring terminal in the repulsion drive circuit, between input wires terminal and output wiring terminal, cross-over connection has pontic, the pontic overcoat has insulating sleeve, the pontic below is provided with the repulsion dish, the repulsion dish is positioned at above the repulsion coil, is fixed with the collets that pontic can be interrupted on the repulsion dish.
2. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described repulsion drive circuit comprises capacitor, thyristor and the fly-wheel diode of the voltage of substituting the bad for the good in advance that is serially connected, capacitor anode is connected with negative pole with fly-wheel diode negative pole, thyristor negative electrode and is connected, fly-wheel diode anodal with the thyristor anodic bonding, described repulsion coil is connected between capacitor and thyristor and is in parallel with fly-wheel diode.
3. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and two ends, up and down, the contiguous block material is metal, central authorities' copper billet up and down edges at two ends is connected as a single entity with the contiguous block at two ends, up and down respectively, and the contiguous block at two ends, up and down is connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively; Contiguous block central authorities offer square or circular port; Described central copper billet is cuboid or cylindrical structure, matches with the square or circular port that contiguous block central authorities offer.
4. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pontic comprises the contiguous block at central copper billet and two ends, up and down, and the contiguous block material is metal, and contiguous block central authorities offer bellmouth; Described central copper billet is conical structure, and two ends, central copper billet up and down embed respectively in the bellmouth of two ends, up and down contiguous block, and the contiguous block at two ends, up and down is connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively.
5. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of described insulating sleeve is epoxy resin or other insulating material; Two ends, insulating sleeve up and down are connected with output wiring terminal with the input wires terminal respectively.
6. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described repulsion dish is for the magnetic field that is used for induction repulsion coil and produces and produce electromagnetic repulsion force and drive collets and clash into aluminium dish or the copper dish that interrupts pontic.
7. electromagnetic repulsion force driven plunger formula high-speed breaking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collets material is insulating material, the collets upper ends is passed the input wires terminal and is extended to the pontic below.
CN201310042576.XA 2013-02-04 2013-02-04 Electromagnetic-repuhigh-speeden high-speeden piston type interrupter Expired - Fee Related CN103151189B (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105763096A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-07-13 西安交通大学 Combination wave circuit used for driving ablative capillary discharge
CN106783428A (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-05-31 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所) A kind of combined repulsion dish for electromagnetic repulsion mechanism
CN107578948A (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-01-12 国网江苏省电力公司南通供电公司 The shunt capacitor group switching high-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of flexible divide-shut brake
CN109360764A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-19 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所) A kind of direct current vacuum circuit breaker
CN110571113A (en) * 2019-10-27 2019-12-13 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 Auxiliary arc extinguishing structure of excitation fuse
CN111180285A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-19 吴妍佩 Direct current fuse
CN117498284A (en) * 2023-10-26 2024-02-02 武汉大学 Series compensation capacitor device based on short-circuit fault current intelligent self-driving

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105763096A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-07-13 西安交通大学 Combination wave circuit used for driving ablative capillary discharge
CN105763096B (en) * 2016-04-22 2018-07-17 西安交通大学 A kind of combination wave circuit for driving ablation-controlled arc to discharge
CN106783428A (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-05-31 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所) A kind of combined repulsion dish for electromagnetic repulsion mechanism
CN107578948A (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-01-12 国网江苏省电力公司南通供电公司 The shunt capacitor group switching high-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of flexible divide-shut brake
CN107578948B (en) * 2017-10-17 2019-10-25 国网江苏省电力公司南通供电公司 The shunt capacitor group switching high-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of flexible divide-shut brake
CN109360764A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-19 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所) A kind of direct current vacuum circuit breaker
CN109360764B (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-09-03 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) A kind of direct current vacuum circuit breaker
CN110571113A (en) * 2019-10-27 2019-12-13 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 Auxiliary arc extinguishing structure of excitation fuse
CN111180285A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-19 吴妍佩 Direct current fuse
CN117498284A (en) * 2023-10-26 2024-02-02 武汉大学 Series compensation capacitor device based on short-circuit fault current intelligent self-driving
CN117498284B (en) * 2023-10-26 2024-04-05 武汉大学 Series compensation capacitor device based on short-circuit fault current intelligent self-driving

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