CN103149081B - Squeeze head used for rock conventional triaxial test acoustic emission test - Google Patents
Squeeze head used for rock conventional triaxial test acoustic emission test Download PDFInfo
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- CN103149081B CN103149081B CN201310039914.4A CN201310039914A CN103149081B CN 103149081 B CN103149081 B CN 103149081B CN 201310039914 A CN201310039914 A CN 201310039914A CN 103149081 B CN103149081 B CN 103149081B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a squeeze head used for a rock conventional triaxial test acoustic emission test and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The squeeze head comprises an upper squeeze head and a lower squeeze head, wherein the upper squeeze head and the lower squeeze head are arranged on a rock message delivery system (MTS) conventional triaxial compression test machine. Round grooves are formed in the lower end face of the upper squeeze head and the upper end face of the lower squeeze head. Two perpendicular installation holes are symmetrically formed in the bottom of each round groove. Perpendicular conductor holes are formed in bottoms of the installation holes. Horizontal conductor holes are formed in side walls of the upper squeeze head and the lower squeeze head, and the perpendicular conductor holes are communicated with the horizontal conductor holes. Springs are arranged at the bottoms of the installation holes. Cover plates are arranged on the round grooves and shapes and sizes of the cover plates are identical to shapes and sizes of the round grooves. By means of the squeeze head used for the rock conventional triaxial acoustic emission test, attenuation and distortion of emission signals can be reduced to the maximum extent, the situation that an acoustic emission sensor is immersed in hydraulic oil is avoided, the acoustic emission test of high confining pressure can be carried out and the facture surface of rock can be positioned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test, belong to Geotechnical Engineering field.
Background technology
When the hard brittle materials such as rock are by external force or endogenetic process; the phenomenon of the Elastic wave that elastic deformation, Crack Extension, grain slide etc. due to itself cause the quick release of local energy in its material and send; be called acoustic emission (Acoustic emission is called for short AE).Acoustic emission obtains a wide range of applications in rock mechanics.Laboratory experiment aspect, the destructive process because of rock is the process that its underbead crack derives, astable expansion is arrived in stable expansion again, and this process is attended by acoustic emission signal and occurs, therefore can by the fracture damage process of monitoring acoustic emission signal study of rocks.Lot of domestic and foreign researcher utilizes the Evolution of acoustic emission test technical research rock acoustie emission event number, energy in compression process and the relation of Complete Stress-Strain Relationship of Rock curve, and rock strength has been divided into resistance to spalling, damage strength, peak strength etc.In addition acoustic emission is also widely used in buried hard rock tunnel and the rock burst in mine and the prediction of rock burst (being commonly referred to as micro seismic monitoring).Along with the progressively exhausted of China's superficial part mineral resources and country are to HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY, the demand of traffic etc. is increasing, the mining depth deep year by year of mine, water power underground power house and diversion tunnel need to dig in the hard rock tunnel of a few km of buried depth, therefore rock burst hazard is more and more outstanding, because acoustic emission can not only locate the position of Latent focal region, also can know the energy size of acoustic emission test specimen, so acoustic emission is by the location that is successfully applied to the rock burst (rock burst) of buried heavily stressed underground rock project and prediction, effectively reduce the loss that rock burst causes.
Normal triaxial experiment be obtain Rock Shear Strength Parameter c,
with the basic means setting up different mechanical models for rocks, MTS815 electro-hydraulic servo experimental system is normal triaxial experimental system most advanced and most widely used in the world today, normally can work under high temperature, high pressure.Because acoustic emission probe can not bear high pressure, therefore compared with the uniaxial compression being widely used in different rock with acoustic emission test technology is tested, the acoustic emission test carried out in normal triaxial experiment will lack a lot, no matter the locating effect obtained or the acoustic emission signal received all cannot be satisfactory, mainly following reason causes:
(1) in uniaxial compression test, acoustic emission probe is directly contacted by couplant with standard rock sample, and the rock interior elastic wave produced of breaking is delivered to through rock on the acoustic emission probe that contacts with it, and signal is not decayed substantially, distortion;
(2), in normal triaxial experiment, general way acoustic emission probe is fixed on external diameter to receive close on the oil cylinder outer wall of 30cm the signal that in oil cylinder, pressurized rock sends.Oily internal congestion turnover oil pipe is mixed into for preventing hydraulic oil infiltration rock interior and rock failure powder in oil cylinder, often need standard rock sample and upper push-down head firmly to be wrapped with rubber sleeve or adhesive tape, the acoustic emission signal that therefore in experimentation, rock burst produces just needs through rubber sleeve or adhesive tape, hydraulic oil, cylinder wall three layers hinder and be just finally transferred on calibrate AE sensor layer by layer.This transmitting procedure not only can make acoustic emission signal decay, die down, and subwave conductively-closed can be made to fall, and the waveform of what therefore final calibrate AE sensor received is weakened, distortion is not the real acoustic emission signal that experimental fracture sends.
For the problems referred to above, Chinese patent publication No. CN102305829A, date of publication 2012.1.4, denomination of invention " rock triaxial compression acoustic emission test system ", this application case discloses by opening a cavity in the bottom ram inside connecting rock sample, and acoustic emission probe is put into inside, during experiment, oil can flow into cavity, enter probe inner, make the piezo ceramic element on probe inside and outside isobaric, the signal wire be connected is passed outside triaxial chamber by reserved passageway with popping one's head in.Although acoustic emission receiving transducer is placed in triaxial chamber by author, avoid decay and the conductively-closed of acoustic emission signal in theory, but still there are the following problems:
(1) acoustic emission probe and rock sample are not still directly contact, middle across thick pressure-bearing cylinder, and probe is far away with rock sample distance, and signal attenuation is more severe;
(2) piezoelectric ceramics of acoustic emission probe is immersed in oil, and its vibration frequency, serviceability etc. all can be subject to the impact of oily medium;
(3) piezoelectric ceramics of acoustic emission probe is very fragile, can not bear high pressure, and this acoustic emission test device of ordinary triaxial test being therefore greater than 10MPa for confined pressure all can not be applied.
(4) the acoustic emission test device of this improvement can only carry out general acoustic emission detection, cannot position the plane of fracture, because location at least needs the acoustic emission probe of four reasonable Arrangement.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problem in above-mentioned rock ordinary triaxial test existing for acoustic emission test, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test, not only farthest can reduce the decay of signal, the piezoelectric ceramics of acoustic emission probe also need not bear very large pressure, and can also locate the rock sample plane of fracture.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test, comprise the seaming chuck on rock MTS conventional triaxial compression test machine, push-down head, circular trough is had in the lower surface of described seaming chuck and the upper surface of push-down head, circular trough bottom symmetrical has two vertical mounting holes, have vertical wires hole bottom mounting hole, the sidewall of seaming chuck and push-down head has horizontal wire hole, vertical wires hole is communicated with horizontal wire hole.Spring is provided with bottom mounting hole.Circular trough is provided with identical with circular groove shape, equal-sized cover plate.
Circular trough and pressure head arranged in concentric circles.
The mounting hole be arranged symmetrically with the center of circle of circular trough for symcenter.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention adopts and open mounting hole in upper push-down head, acoustic emission probe can be placed in one, and solves in the experiment of rock normal triaxial the difficult problem that acoustic emission probe cannot be arranged in triaxial chamber;
(2) spring be arranged in mounting hole can make acoustic emission probe and cover plate close contact, ensures to receive complete acoustic emission signal;
(3) between acoustic emission probe and rock sample only every one piece of cover plate, the signal attenuation that the transmission that can reduce acoustic emission signal long range propagation and multimedium (rubber sleeve or layer by layer adhesive tape, hydraulic oil, cylinder wall) to greatest extent causes, distortion;
(4) because rock sample and upper push-down head are closely wound around layer by layer by adhesive tape, film, adhesive tape, in the mounting hole that oil can be avoided to infiltrate in rock sample and pressure head, therefore the frequency piezoelectric ceramics of calibrate AE sensor both can having been avoided to soak in hydraulic oil cause, serviceability are influenced, piezoelectric ceramics can be avoided again to bear high pressure and the problem lost efficacy.
(5) (only otherwise coplanar the seaming chuck and push-down head that are respectively arranged with two mounting holes are reasonably arranged, as cruciform arrangement) not only can receive conventional acoustic emission signal, can also position the rupture location of rock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is working state schematic representation of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
See accompanying drawing
A kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test, comprise the seaming chuck 1 on rock MTS conventional triaxial compression test machine, push-down head 2, circular trough 3 is had in the lower surface of described seaming chuck 1 and the upper surface of push-down head 2, circular trough 3 bottom symmetrical has two vertical mounting holes 4, have vertical wires hole 5 bottom mounting hole 4, the sidewall of seaming chuck 1 and push-down head 2 has horizontal wire hole 6, vertical wires hole 5 is communicated with horizontal wire hole 6.Spring 7 is provided with bottom mounting hole 4.Circular trough 3 is provided with identical with circular trough 3 shape, equal diameters cover plate 8, the thickness of cover plate 8 and the deep equality of circular trough 3.
Circular trough 3 and pressure head arranged in concentric circles.
The mounting hole 4 be arranged symmetrically with the center of circle of circular trough 3 for symcenter.
Before test, calibrate AE sensor 9 is placed in mounting hole 4, and is placed on spring 7, the wire 11 of calibrate AE sensor 9 is first drawn from wire guide 5, and wire 11 one end of calibrate AE sensor 9 connects the prime amplifier outside triaxial chamber.Afterwards cylindrical cover 8 is embedded in circular trough 3, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 10 of calibrate AE sensor 9 can not be subject to very large pressure with cover plate 8 close contact under the elastic force effect of spring 7, being aligned by standard rock sample 12 to be placed in installs on the push-down head 2 of calibrate AE sensor 9, tightly wraps close with adhesive tape by push-down head 2 and standard rock sample 12.Same method installs pressure head 1, in the line in seaming chuck 1 two calibrate AE sensor 9 centers of circle and push-down head 2, the line at two calibrate AE sensor 9 centers is that cruciform is arranged, be convenient to location acoustic emission test specimen, then seaming chuck 1 and standard rock sample 12 has been twined with adhesive tape, afterwards with adhesive tape by seaming chuck 1, push-down head 2 and standard rock sample 12 twine a circle again, at seaming chuck 1 after having twined, push-down head 2 and standard rock sample 12 overlap one deck tubbiness film again, and blows to its adhesive tape close contact shrinking and be entangled to hot hair dryer.Last twine 1 ~ 2 circle adhesive tape again, ensure that in-oil cylinder hydraulic oil does not penetrate in standard rock sample 12 and seaming chuck 1 and push-down head 2.By the standard rock sample 12 twined, it is indoor that seaming chuck 1 and push-down head 2 are placed in MTS triaxial pressure, starts test.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is applied to the pressure head of rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test, comprise the seaming chuck (1) on rock MTS conventional triaxial compression test machine, push-down head (2), it is characterized in that: have circular trough (3) in the lower surface of described seaming chuck (1) and the upper surface of push-down head (2), circular trough (3) bottom symmetrical has two vertical mounting holes (4), mounting hole (4) bottom has vertical wires hole (5), the sidewall of seaming chuck (1) and push-down head (2) has horizontal wire hole (6), vertical wires hole (5) is communicated with horizontal wire hole (6), mounting hole (4) bottom is provided with spring (7), circular trough (3) is provided with identical with circular trough (3) shape, equal-sized cover plate (8).
2. a kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: circular trough (3) and pressure head arranged in concentric circles.
3. a kind of pressure head being applied to rock ordinary triaxial test acoustic emission test as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mounting hole (4) be arranged symmetrically with the center of circle of circular trough (3) for symcenter.
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| CN104614251B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-02-22 | 太原理工大学 | Testing apparatus and testing method for rock breaking representation by acoustic emission |
| CN105928776B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of acoustic emission probe erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment |
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| CN108225905B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-06-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Acoustic emission monitoring unit of true triaxial mining coal rock mass power display experiment |
| CN108593525A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of rock three-dimensional permeability real-time determining device and method |
| CN109142536B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-06-30 | 中南大学 | High-precision real-time positioning detection device for internal damage of rock |
| CN109696479B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2024-04-16 | 四川大学 | Acoustic emission test system and method for asymmetric arrangement of cuboid samples |
| CN110864962B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2024-07-02 | 华侨大学 | Rock sample axial extensometer |
| CN111103619B (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2021-09-28 | 吉林大学 | Automatic lifting device of controllable seismic source and control method |
| CN112432845B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-11-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Shear test system and method for rock joint surface under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions |
| CN113188930A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-30 | 河南理工大学 | Three-dimensional fracture expansion test experimental device and method in high-precision rock sample loading |
| CN116498284B (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-11-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Fracturing simulation system and acoustic emission probe detection device |
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