CN103147760A - Large-scale horizontal jamb mining method under existence of bottom caving group occurrence - Google Patents
Large-scale horizontal jamb mining method under existence of bottom caving group occurrence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale horizontal jamb mining method under the existence of a bottom caving group occurrence. The large-scale horizontal jamb mining method comprises the following steps of: planning a caving group occurrence horizontal jamb by adopting a stepped forward mining scheme as well as a mining organization, firstly dividing the horizontal jamb into a plurality of sub-layers according to the height of 4.8m, dividing each layer into a plurality of disc areas, marking the single-number disc areas and the double-number disc areas in sequence according to the direction of an ore body, dividing each disc area into 5m-wide*4.8m-high admission passages, calling the admission passages firstly mined in each disc area as ore chambers, calling the admission passages mined later as ore jambs, firstly mining the ore chambers in the double-number disc areas and then mining the ore jambs in the single-number disc areas, and vice versa. By adopting the method, precious rare metal ores with large ground pressure, broken ore rocks and complicated geological conditions can be safely and effectively recovered; and the method has the advantages of high recovery rate and low dilution ratio, and can meet the demands of the horizontal jamb on safe recovery and resource recovery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of mining methods, particularly a kind of mining methods under bottom inbreak group complex geological condition, relate generally to the level pillar under the large scale of metallic mine complex geological condition.
Background technology
For exploiting under inbreak group occurrence condition, what adopt at present is small-sized Pillar mining, yet complex geological condition broken for ROCK CONDITIONS, joints development, the characteristics that the level pillar stock number is large, the stoping operation time is long must be taken into full account, and the problem of resource recovery will be taken into full account.And along with the large scale mining of level pillar, need work out the bottom exist the discontinuous inbreak group of large tracts of land level pillar mining methods.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of shortening mining time, large-scale level pillar mining methods under the high a kind of bottom inbreak group occurrence condition of resource recovery.
The present invention has taken into full account the characteristics that the level pillar stock number is large, the stoping operation time is long, and to take into full account the problem of resource recovery, under utilization to the mining methods of consolidated fill and a kind of mining methods under bottom inbreak group complex geological condition are provided.
Large-scale level pillar mining methods under a kind of bottom inbreak group occurrence condition of the present invention, complete by following steps:
One, mining scheme and the mining tissue of taking staged to advance, plan that an inbreak group composes the flat ore pillar of water, can first be divided into some layerings by the height of 4.8m, then divide several panels in each layering, indicate successively odd numbers panel and even numbers panel by orebody trend, with each panel be divided into 5m wide * route that 4.8m is high, the route that first adopt in each panel is called mineral building, after the route adopted be called ore pillar, first adopt the mineral building in even numbers panel, after adopt the odd numbers Panel barrier, vice versa;
two, be subjected to the impact of ground pressure activity and mining disturbance, panel inner back production condition variation, when the drift stoping difficulty strengthens, utilize 1～2 layer of ore body of segment level ore pillar under a upper substoping, with lower segment level pillar recovery hierarchical control within 3～4 layers, shorten this segment level pillar recovery time, reduce reprocessing of this segmentation, rationally effectively back production discharges the problem of stress concentration that causes due to the upper lower burrs Surrounding Rock Movement, strengthen the security reliability of each Panel stoping, to reclaim to greatest extent the ore resource of this level pillar, segmentation engineering in utilization, from each panel opening driving layering connecting taxiway this segmentation first layer of back production and the second layering ore body, compare with design elevation in conjunction with the actual back production absolute altitude in each panel of upper segmentation, all there is the phenomenon of the 2m～6.4m that backbreaks, take suitably to adjust the measure of the slicing height in each panel, can staged and layered design height 4m will be gone up originally, guarantee that this level pillar only needs 3～4 layerings of back production, can realize shortening the level pillar stoping operation time, accelerating this level pillar resource reclaims,
three, implement the release production technique, each panel resistance to overturning of ore pillar of improving the standard, make panel, level pillar up and down route realize the stoping scheme of interlaced arrangement in the middle of design, in the middle of Panel stoping, the stope top board is in engineering geological conditions location preferably, choose the route width of 5m, run into to emit and settle in an area, inbreak ravel area and broken-rock zone, choose the route width of 4m, to guarantee normally carrying out of back production, shorten goaf open-assembly time as far as possible, reduce exposed area, suitably method is carried out in the back production of upper dish after first lower wall, first back production panel both wings and lower wall, the crucial route of upper dish, with panel and protolith isolation, to reach a kind of mining type of similar release,
four, improve the technology that filling connects the top rate, for the out-of-flatness of drift stoping base plate, cause next slice drift top board to be uneven, stringcourse extensometer in utilization, check tunneling direction, demarcate the digging center line, check at any time the construction base plate, extend stringcourse, the stringcourse that layering road, panel is demarcated in realization extends to Mining entrance, the center that the route mouth is demarcated in time extends to the scope of operation, good center, stringcourse, control extracting drift base plate and tunneling direction well, guarantee that extracting drift two helps straight, base plate is smooth, fix 1 filling pipe treating the high top board of route place, 1 stack, one is fixed on high top board, receive outside the filling board wall other end.when top tight filling, utilize the filling of reserving to carry out top tight filling, observe the outer stack of wall, when just beginning, stack is always in exhaust, when there being water to flow out from stack, stop immediately, show and reach the effect that high top board connects the top, settle in an area emitting, inbreak ravel area and broken-rock zone are encrypted paving and hang, original design cloth muscle net degree 1.0m * 1.5m is adjusted, be adjusted into 1.0m * 1.125m, require a row to carry out the cloth muscle according to 5, there is the phenomenon of emitting the drawn game section filling route of settling in an area not connect the top due to first slicing, and there are a large amount of old tunnels, the filling returnairshaft, filling connects the top impact greatly on level pillar for these, to cause the charging quantity budget, be unfavorable for the filling management, therefore, when running into the level pillar back production, must be to the old tunnel of finding in the filling set-up procedure, the filling returnairshaft, seal during the dead zone, take the method that ore tamps to seal to the dead zone, to taking ore to tamp or the method for building board wall by laying bricks or stones is sealed in old tunnel, the filling returnairshaft is taked filling, the method that ore tamps is sealed, connect in filling and enter the old working road in the process of top to reduce filling slurry, goaf or filling returnairshaft, improve filling and connect the top rate,
five, safety measure: try not to settle in an area through emitting in the layering road, stagger with the inbreak section, and the layering road is emitting opening part and the first half section of settling in an area and not designing route, and design is in the posterior segment of route as far as possible, to emit settles in an area does not design opening part and first half section at route, design is in the posterior segment of route as far as possible, preferably design at the area of route first-classly, occur the inbreak district in the layering road, in time carry out steel arch frame or timber set supporting, and carry out both sides and play the concrete processing, beat the concrete height and be no less than 2.5m, in route, will carry out speed spray supporting to inbreak section or catalase section, at the route opening part, consider to spray the supporting of anchor net fore shaft, the inbreak section is in time carried out speed spray, shotcrete rock bolt wire mesh support, take in case of necessity the supporting of steel arch frame, the expansion of side etc. prevents from collapsing, require administrative staff to know that head adopts segmentation and emits and settle in an area in the distributed area of every route fragment position, before the route opening, the constructor is confided a technological secret, hang warning sign and red light bubble at the operation field that inbreak occurs and maybe may occur inbreak, remind the operating personnel to enhance your vigilance, when the section back production of inbreak maybe may appear in the inbreak section, take shrink sector, reduce drilling depth, reduce dose, section is broken into inverted trapezoidal shape, strengthen the inspection sled, carry out the blasting guarding in adjacent panel, carry out the measures such as speed spray supporting, the subside safe back production of section of assurance, to run into for the last layer of level pillar and emit the actual conditions of settling in an area, set up level pillar back production testing mechanism, before rock drilling, the route base plate first pry into the eye safe condition of back production base plate is surveyed, and require detail record whether waste and old tunnel is arranged, whether roadway floor finds the exposure anchor pole, visit the canthus degree, ash is seen at what meter of the degree of depth.
Adopt large-scale level pillar mining methods under above-mentioned a kind of bottom inbreak group occurrence condition, the valuable rare metal ore of can be safely and effectively pressing large, mine fragmentation, complex geologic conditions with reclaiming, and have advantages of the high rate of extraction and the lower rate of dilution, can satisfy the needs of the safe back production of level pillar, resource recovery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side-looking of large-scale level pillar mining methods figure under embodiment of the present invention bottom inbreak group occurrence condition;
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is that under embodiment of the present invention bottom inbreak group occurrence condition, large-scale level pillar mining methods filling reinforcing bar lays figure;
Fig. 5 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 4;
Specific embodiments
Use the present invention is described further in conjunction with example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
:
One, mining scheme and the mining tissue of taking staged to advance: scale of supposition planning is especially big be about more than 600 m, average thickness approximately the super-huge inbreak group of more than 120 m compose the flat ore pillar 1 of water, can first be divided into by the height of 4.8m some layerings 8, divide several panels in each layering by 100m * 100m again, indicate successively odd numbers panel and even numbers panel by orebody trend, with each panel be divided into 5m wide * route that 4.8m is high, the route that first adopt in each panel is called mineral building 3, after the route adopted be called ore pillar 4; First adopt the mineral building 3 in even numbers panel, after adopt odd numbers Panel barrier 4, vice versa.
Two, when the impact that is subjected to ground pressure activity and mining disturbance, panel inner back production condition variation, when the drift stoping difficulty strengthens, can utilize 1～2 layer of ore body of segment level ore pillar under segmentation 6 back production, lower segment level ore pillar 1 sublayer is controlled within 3～4 layers, shorten this segment level pillar recovery time, reduce reprocessing of this segmentation, rationally effectively back production discharges the problem of stress concentration that causes due to the upper lower burrs Surrounding Rock Movement, strengthen each panel 2(a), the security reliability of 2 (b) back production, to reclaim to greatest extent the ore resource of this level pillar 1.Segmentation engineering in utilization is from each panel opening driving layering connecting taxiway this segmentation first layer of 7 back production and the second layering ore body.Compare with design elevation in conjunction with the actual back production absolute altitude in each panel of upper segmentation, all there is the phenomenon of the 2m～6.4m that backbreaks, take suitably to adjust the measure of the slicing height in each panel, can staged and layered 8 design height 4m will be gone up originally, guarantee that this level pillar only needs 3～4 layerings 8 of back production, can realize shortening the level pillar stoping operation time, accelerate this level pillar 1 resource and reclaim.
Three, implement the release production technique, ore pillar 1 each panel resistance to overturning of improving the standard, make panel, level pillar up and down route realize as far as possible the stoping scheme of interlaced arrangement in the middle of design, this route is arranged can reduce the obturation exposed area, and very good effect has been played in safe back production to level pillar.In the middle of Panel stoping, the stope top board is chosen the route width of 5m in engineering geological conditions location preferably, if run into emit settle in an area 5, inbreak ravel area and broken-rock zone, choose the route width of 4m, to guarantee normally carrying out of back production.Take to give prominence to " adopt by force by force and fill, adopt soon soon fill " principle, shorten goaf open-assembly time as far as possible, reduce exposed area, suitably method is carried out in the back production of elder generation's " rear upper dish 11 of lower wall 10 ", first back production panel both wings and lower wall 10, the crucial route of upper dish 11 is with panel and protolith isolation, to reach a kind of mining type of similar release.
Four, improve the technology that filling connects the top rate; for the out-of-flatness of drift stoping base plate; cause next slice drift top board to be uneven; stringcourse extensometer in utilization; check tunneling direction, demarcate the digging center line; check at any time the construction base plate, extend stringcourse; the center that the stringcourse that layering road, panel 7 is demarcated in realization extends to Mining entrance, demarcate the route mouth in time extends to the scope of operation; good center, stringcourse; control extracting drift base plate and tunneling direction well, guarantee extracting drift two help straight, base plate is smooth.Treating that 1 filling pipe 12 is fixed at the high top board of route place, 1 13, one of stack is fixed on high top board, receive outside the filling board wall other end.When top tight filling, utilize the filling of reserving to carry out top tight filling, observe the outer stack 13 of wall, when just beginning, stack 13, stops when there being water to flow out from stack 13 immediately always in exhaust, shows to reach the effect that high top board connects the top.Emit settle in an area, inbreak ravel area 5 and broken-rock zone be encrypted paving and hang 14, and original design cloth muscle 15 net degree 1.0m * 1.5m are adjusted, and is adjusted into 1.0m * 1.125m, requires a row to carry out cloth muscle 15 according to 5.there is the phenomenon of emitting the drawn game section filling route of settling in an area not connect the top due to first layering 8 back production, and there are a large amount of old tunnels, filling returnairshaft 16 etc., 1 filling connects the top impact greatly on level pillar for these, to cause the charging quantity budget, be unfavorable for the filling management, therefore, when running into the level pillar back production, must be to the old tunnel of finding in the filling set-up procedure, the filling returnairshaft, seal during the dead zone, take the method that ore tamps to seal to the dead zone, to taking ore to tamp or the method for building board wall by laying bricks or stones is sealed in old tunnel, the filling returnairshaft is taked filling, the method that ore tamps is sealed, connect in filling and enter the old working road in the process of top to reduce filling slurry, goaf or filling returnairshaft 15, improve filling and connect the top rate.
Five, safety measure: try not to settle in an area through emitting in the layering road, stagger with the inbreak section, and layering road 7 is emitting 5 opening part and the first half sections that do not design route of settling in an area, and design is in the posterior segment of route as far as possible; To emit 5 opening part and the first half sections that do not design at route of settling in an area, design in the posterior segment of route, preferably designs at the area of route first-class as far as possible.Occur inbreak district 5 in the layering road, in time carry out steel arch frame or timber set supporting, and carry out two and help to beat concrete and process, beat the concrete height and be no less than 2.5m; In route, to carry out speed spray supporting to inbreak section or catalase section; At the route opening part, consider to spray the supporting of anchor net fore shaft; The inbreak section is in time carried out speed spray, shotcrete rock bolt wire mesh support, take in case of necessity the supporting of steel arch frame, the expansion of the side that prevents from collapsing etc.Require administrative staff to know that head adopts segmentation 6 and emits and settle in an area 5 in the distributed area of every route fragment position, before the route opening, the constructor is confided a technological secret; Hang warning sign and red light bubble at the operation field that inbreak occurs and maybe may occur inbreak, remind the operating personnel to enhance your vigilance; When the section back production of inbreak maybe may appear in inbreak section 5, take shrink sector, reduce drilling depth, reduce dose, with section break into inverted trapezoidal shape, strengthen the inspection sled, carry out adjacent panel blasting guarding, carry out the measure such as speed spray supporting, the subside safe back production of section of assurance.To run into for level pillar end layer and emit 5 the actual conditions of settling in an area, set up level pillar back production testing mechanism, before rock drilling, the route base plate first pry into the eye safe condition of back production base plate is surveyed, and require detail record whether waste and old tunnel is arranged, whether roadway floor finds the exposure anchor pole, visits canthus degree, the degree of depth what meter and sees ash, for safety in production lays the foundation.
Claims (1)
1. large-scale level pillar mining methods under a bottom inbreak group occurrence condition is characterized in that:
One, mining scheme and the mining tissue of taking staged to advance, plan that an inbreak group composes the flat ore pillar of water, can first be divided into some layerings by the height of 4.8m, then divide several panels in each layering, indicate successively odd numbers panel and even numbers panel by orebody trend, with each panel be divided into 5m wide * route that 4.8m is high, the route that first adopt in each panel is called mineral building, after the route adopted be called ore pillar, first adopt the mineral building in even numbers panel, after adopt the odd numbers Panel barrier, vice versa;
two, be subjected to the impact of ground pressure activity and mining disturbance, panel inner back production condition variation, when the drift stoping difficulty strengthens, utilize 1～2 layer of ore body of segment level ore pillar under a upper substoping, with lower segment level pillar recovery hierarchical control within 3～4 layers, shorten this segment level pillar recovery time, reduce reprocessing of this segmentation, rationally effectively back production discharges the problem of stress concentration that causes due to the upper lower burrs Surrounding Rock Movement, strengthen the security reliability of each Panel stoping, to reclaim to greatest extent the ore resource of this level pillar, segmentation engineering in utilization, from each panel opening driving layering connecting taxiway this segmentation first layer of back production and the second layering ore body, compare with design elevation in conjunction with the actual back production absolute altitude in each panel of upper segmentation, all there is the phenomenon of the 2m～6.4m that backbreaks, take suitably to adjust the measure of the slicing height in each panel, can staged and layered design height 4m will be gone up originally, guarantee that this level pillar only needs 3～4 layerings of back production, can realize shortening the level pillar stoping operation time, accelerating this level pillar resource reclaims,
three, implement the release production technique, each panel resistance to overturning of ore pillar of improving the standard, make panel, level pillar up and down route realize the stoping scheme of interlaced arrangement in the middle of design, in the middle of Panel stoping, the stope top board is in engineering geological conditions location preferably, choose the route width of 5m, run into to emit and settle in an area, inbreak ravel area and broken-rock zone, choose the route width of 4m, to guarantee normally carrying out of back production, shorten goaf open-assembly time as far as possible, reduce exposed area, suitably method is carried out in the back production of upper dish after first lower wall, first back production panel both wings and lower wall, the crucial route of upper dish, with panel and protolith isolation, to reach a kind of mining type of similar release,
four, improve the technology that filling connects the top rate, for the out-of-flatness of drift stoping base plate, cause next slice drift top board to be uneven, stringcourse extensometer in utilization, check tunneling direction, demarcate the digging center line, check at any time the construction base plate, extend stringcourse, the stringcourse that layering road, panel is demarcated in realization extends to Mining entrance, the center that the route mouth is demarcated in time extends to the scope of operation, good center, stringcourse, control extracting drift base plate and tunneling direction well, guarantee that extracting drift two helps straight, base plate is smooth, fix 1 filling pipe treating the high top board of route place, 1 stack, one is fixed on high top board, receive outside the filling board wall other end, when top tight filling, utilize the filling of reserving to carry out top tight filling, observe the outer stack of wall, when just beginning, stack is always in exhaust, when there being water to flow out from stack, stop immediately, show and reach the effect that high top board connects the top, settle in an area emitting, inbreak ravel area and broken-rock zone are encrypted paving and hang, original design cloth muscle net degree 1.0m * 1.5m is adjusted, be adjusted into 1.0m * 1.125m, require a row to carry out the cloth muscle according to 5, there is the phenomenon of emitting the drawn game section filling route of settling in an area not connect the top due to first slicing, and there are a large amount of old tunnels, the filling returnairshaft, when running into the level pillar back production, must be to the old tunnel of finding in the filling set-up procedure, the filling returnairshaft, seal during the dead zone, take the method that ore tamps to seal to the dead zone, to taking ore to tamp or the method for building board wall by laying bricks or stones is sealed in old tunnel, the filling returnairshaft is taked filling, the method that ore tamps is sealed, connect in filling and enter the old working road in the process of top to reduce filling slurry, goaf or filling returnairshaft, improve filling and connect the top rate,
five, safety measure: try not to settle in an area through emitting in the layering road, stagger with the inbreak section, and the layering road is emitting opening part and the first half section of settling in an area and not designing route, and design is in the posterior segment of route as far as possible, to emit settles in an area does not design opening part and first half section at route, design is in the posterior segment of route as far as possible, the inbreak district appears in the layering road, in time carry out steel arch frame or timber set supporting, and carry out both sides and play the concrete processing, beat the concrete height and be no less than 2.5m, in route, speed spray supporting to be carried out to inbreak section or catalase section, at the route opening part, the supporting of anchor net fore shaft be considered to spray, the inbreak section is in time carried out the speed spray, shotcrete rock bolt wire mesh support, take in case of necessity the supporting of steel arch frame, the expansion of side etc. prevents from collapsing, when the section back production of inbreak maybe may appear in the inbreak section, take shrink sector, reduce drilling depth, reduce dose, section is broken into inverted trapezoidal shape, strengthen the inspection sled, carry out the blasting guarding in adjacent panel, carry out the measures such as speed spray supporting, the subside safe back production of section of assurance, to run into for the last layer of level pillar and emit the actual conditions of settling in an area, set up level pillar back production testing mechanism, before rock drilling, the route base plate first pry into the eye safe condition of back production base plate is surveyed, and require detail record whether waste and old tunnel is arranged, whether roadway floor finds the exposure anchor pole, visit the canthus degree, ash is seen at what meter of the degree of depth.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103615285A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | Stope route arrangement mode and method beneficial to roof-contacted filling |
| CN104343454A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-11 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Mechanical point-column type chamber and pillar method |
| CN108005657A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-08 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for group/group of included stone-included steeply-inclined thin veins |
| CN109798116A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Realize double-vane arrangement working face exploiting field or zone entirely without coal column method |
| CN110905516A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | High-sublevel cut-and-fill mining method with downward layered horizontal access |
| CN111894667A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Upward double-layered drift filling mining method for recoverable support shield of broken ore body |
| CN113107588A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-13 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Construction method of layered connecting road by downward layered cemented filling mining method |
| CN115288683A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-04 | 北京金诚信矿山技术研究院有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for determining initial position of upper radical mining layer of caving zone |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103615285A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | Stope route arrangement mode and method beneficial to roof-contacted filling |
| CN103615285B (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-11-04 | 南京银茂铅锌矿业有限公司 | A kind of stope route arrangement and method being beneficial to Tight filling |
| CN104343454A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-11 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Mechanical point-column type chamber and pillar method |
| CN104343454B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-05-18 | 昆明冶金研究院 | A kind of mechanization point pillar house column mining method |
| CN108005657A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-08 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for group/group of included stone-included steeply-inclined thin veins |
| CN109798116A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Realize double-vane arrangement working face exploiting field or zone entirely without coal column method |
| CN109798116B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-04-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for realizing complete coal pillar-free mining area or belt area of double-wing arrangement working face |
| CN110905516A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | High-sublevel cut-and-fill mining method with downward layered horizontal access |
| CN110905516B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-05-11 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | High-sublevel cut-and-fill mining method with downward layered horizontal access |
| CN111894667A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Upward double-layered drift filling mining method for recoverable support shield of broken ore body |
| CN113107588A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-13 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Construction method of layered connecting road by downward layered cemented filling mining method |
| CN115288683A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-04 | 北京金诚信矿山技术研究院有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for determining initial position of upper radical mining layer of caving zone |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |