CN103137983B - Porous electrode group, flow half-cell and liquid stream battery stack - Google Patents
Porous electrode group, flow half-cell and liquid stream battery stack Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of porous electrode group, flow half-cell and liquid stream battery stack.This porous electrode group comprises stacked multiple porous electrodes, and wherein at least two porous electrodes are the runner electrode with runner, the formation flow field and the portion of runner of at least two runner electrode is interconnected.At least one porous electrode inside of this porous electrode group is provided with being interconnected the flow field formed by runner of electrolysis liquid circulation, electrolyte under the guide functions in flow field in porous electrode flowing add the surface area that electrolyte permeates to the entity part of porous electrode, decrease the liquid flowing resistance that porous electrode causes electrolyte flow, significantly reduce the liquid drift angle needed for electrolyte flow; And electrolyte when flowing in flow field, uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode of both sides, flow field, improves the homogeneity of fluid flow, decreases the concentration polarization because electrolyte flow inequality causes, improves the efficiency for charge-discharge with its flow battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow battery design field, in particular to a kind of porous electrode group, flow half-cell and liquid stream battery stack.
Background technology
Vanadium redox battery is that a kind of vanadium ion electrolyte with different valence state carries out redox electrochemical reaction appts, can realize the mutual conversion between chemical energy and electric energy efficiently.Such battery has long service life, and energy conversion efficiency is high, and fail safe is good, advantages of environment protection, and can be used for wind power generation and the supporting large-scale energy storage system of photovoltaic generation, be one of electrical network peak load shifting, balanced loaded main selection.Therefore, vanadium redox battery becomes the emphasis of Large Copacity energy-storage battery research gradually in recent years.
Vanadium redox battery is respectively with vanadium ion V
2+/ V
3+and V
4+/ V
5+as the both positive and negative polarity oxidation-reduction pair of battery, both positive and negative polarity electrolyte is stored in respectively in two fluid reservoirs, drive active electrolyte to be back to again in fluid reservoir to reacting environment's (battery pile) by acidproof liquor pump and form circulating fluid loop, to realize charge and discharge process.In vanadium redox battery energy-storage system, the quality of stack performance decides the charge-discharge performance of whole system, especially charge-discharge electric power and efficiency.Battery pile stacks compression successively by multi-disc monocell, is in series.Wherein, the composition of monolithic flow battery as shown in Figure 1.1 ' is liquid flow frame, and 2 ' is bipolar plates, and 3 ' is porous electrode, and 4 ' is amberplex, and the flow battery of each assembly composition monolithic, by the stacking composition battery pile 5 ' of N number of flow battery.
The flowing of existing liquid stream battery stack electrolyte inside is generally by the infiltration mass transfer of porous electrode, and the type of flow of this electrolyte causes liquid drift angle in battery pile very large on the one hand, pump exorbitant expenditure, thus flow battery system efficiency is reduced; On the other hand, the flowing of battery pile electrolyte inside is uneven, concentration polarization is comparatively large, causes pile internal loss, thus the voltage efficiency of battery is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of porous electrode group, flow half-cell and liquid stream battery stack, improves the homogeneity of porous electrode electrolyte inside flowing.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of porous electrode group, porous electrode group comprises stacked multiple porous electrodes, wherein at least two porous electrodes are the runner electrode with runner, the formation flow field and the portion of runner of at least two runner electrode is interconnected.
Further, there is between the runner be interconnected of adjacent above-mentioned runner electrode the superposition section overlapped on the stacked direction of porous electrode.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is one or more, and the bearing of trend of each runner in each flow field is identical.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is one, and flow field is arranged on the median plane of porous electrode group.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is multiple, and the arrangement mode in flow field is: A, each flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and the two ends in each flow field are identical to the distance at the edge of the porous electrode group vertical with flow field bearing of trend; Or B, each flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner; Or C, each flow field be arranged in parallel and one end open, and the opening direction of adjacent flow field is identical or contrary; Or D, flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, and group of flow fields comprises multiple flow field, and the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields is parallel with the bearing of trend of the runner in this group of flow fields, and in adjacent flow field group, flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner; Or E, flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, group of flow fields comprises multiple flow field, the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields is vertical with the bearing of trend of the runner in this group of flow fields, and each flow field in each group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner.
Further, above-mentioned flow field comprises one or more second flow fields of identical one or more first flow field of runner composition of bearing of trend and the bearing of trend perpendicular to the first flow field.
Further, the arrangement mode in above-mentioned flow field is: F, porous electrode group have multiple first flow field, and the plurality of first flow field is divided into multiple first group of flow fields, at least one the second flow fields are set between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, each first group of flow fields comprises multiple first flow fields be arranged in parallel, and the first adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner in the first flow field; Or G, porous electrode group have one or more T-shaped group of flow fields, T-shaped group of flow fields comprises first flow field and second flow field in the middle part of this first flow field, the second flow field in T-shaped group of flow fields is not communicated with the first flow field, when T-shaped group of flow fields is multiple, in two adjacent T-shaped group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, and two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding second flow field, and each adjacent T-shaped group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or H, porous electrode group have one or more I font group of flow fields, I font group of flow fields comprises parallel two the first flow fields and two ends second flow field respectively in the middle part of two the first flow fields be oppositely arranged, second flow field is not communicated with the first flow field, when I font group of flow fields is multiple, and each I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or I, porous electrode group have one or more zigzag group of flow fields, zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two the first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and different from the second flow field respectively end, two the first flow fields is connected, when zigzag group of flow fields is multiple, and each zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or J, porous electrode group have the serpentine flow group of one or more both ends open, each serpentine flow group comprises multiple first flow field and multiple second flow field, be in the first flow field between first flow field at both ends open place and/or the second flow field and the second flow field is connected to end, and each snakelike smoothness group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Or K, porous electrode group have the parallel group of flow fields of one or more both ends open, each parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and multiple second flow field, the second flow field to be arranged between the first flow field and to be communicated with the second flow field.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of flow half-cell, flow half-cell comprises: liquid flow frame, and the electrode container cavity having frame and formed by frame, frame is provided with electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet; Porous electrode group, being embedded in the electrode container cavity of liquid flow frame and being connected with electrolyte outlet with electrolyte inlet, porous electrode group is above-mentioned porous electrode group; Bipolar plates, is arranged on the side of liquid flow frame and parallel with porous electrode group.
Further, between the runner be interconnected of the adjacent channels electrode of above-mentioned porous electrode group, there is the superposition section overlapped on the stacked direction of the porous electrode of porous electrode group.
Further, in above-mentioned porous electrode group, the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to away from the superposition section of the porous electrode of bipolar plates is greater than the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to the superposition section of the porous electrode near bipolar plates.
Further, above-mentioned liquid flow frame comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, and electrolyte inlet is arranged on the first frame, and electrolyte outlet is arranged on the second frame, porous electrode group and have gap between the first frame and the second frame.
Further, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group has opening and vertical with the second frame with the first frame, and above-mentioned gap is communicated with electrolyte inlet and flow field and electrolyte outlet and flow field.
Further, above-mentioned bipolar plates have the electrolyte directed fluid inlet corresponding with electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of liquid stream battery stack, the amberplex comprising one or more positive pole half-cell, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged between positive pole half-cell and negative pole half-cell, positive pole half-cell and negative pole half-cell are above-mentioned flow half-cell, and the bipolar plates of flow half-cell is arranged away from amberplex.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, at least one porous electrode inside of porous electrode group is provided with being interconnected the flow field formed by runner of electrolysis liquid circulation, electrolyte under the guide functions in flow field in porous electrode flowing add the surface area that electrolyte permeates to the entity part of porous electrode, decrease the liquid flowing resistance that porous electrode causes electrolyte flow, significantly reduce the liquid drift angle needed for electrolyte flow; And electrolyte when flowing in flow field, uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode of both sides, flow field, improves the homogeneity of fluid flow, decreases the concentration polarization because electrolyte flow inequality causes, improves the efficiency for charge-discharge with its flow battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Figure of description forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of flow battery of the prior art;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 a and Figure 13 b shows the structural representation of the porous electrode group according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 shows the structural representation according to the flow half-cell in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 16 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 17 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 18 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 19 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 20 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 21 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte; And
Figure 22 shows the flow schematic diagram of electrolyte in the porous electrode group according to the flow half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte.
Embodiment
It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
As shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 13 b, in the typical execution mode of one of the present invention, provide a kind of porous electrode group, porous electrode group comprises stacked multiple porous electrodes 30, wherein at least one porous electrode 30 is for having the runner electrode of runner 31, the formation flow field and the portion of runner 31 of an at least another runner electrode is interconnected.
There is the porous electrode group of said structure, wherein at least one porous electrode 30 inside is provided with being interconnected the flow field formed by runner 31 of electrolysis liquid circulation, electrolyte under the guide functions in flow field in porous electrode 30 flowing add the surface area that electrolyte permeates to the entity part of porous electrode 30, decrease the liquid flowing resistance that porous electrode 30 pairs of electrolyte flow cause, significantly reduce the liquid drift angle needed for electrolyte flow; And electrolyte when flowing in flow field, uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode 30 of both sides, flow field, improves the homogeneity of fluid flow, decreases the concentration polarization because electrolyte flow inequality causes, improves the efficiency for charge-discharge with its flow battery.
The generation type in flow field of the present invention has multiple, the design of runner 31 also has multiple, the defaecation that is connected between the portion of runner 31 of adjacent runner electrode can form flow field on the stacked direction of porous electrode 30, electrolyte can flow under the guide functions in flow field between different porous electrodes 30, can improve the homogeneity of porous electrode group electrolyte inside flowing significantly.
The thickness of the porous electrode 30 in porous electrode group of the present invention can be the same or different, the porous electrode group of different-thickness ratio has different impacts for the transmission direction of electrolyte and electrolyte in the mass-transfer efficiency of regional area, and those skilled in the art can carry out preferably the thickness of porous electrode 30 according to the demand of mass-transfer efficiency.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the runner 31 be interconnected of above-mentioned adjacent runner electrode, there is the superposition section overlapped on the stacked direction of porous electrode 30.Adopting superposition section to be communicated with between runner 31, only needing the length of the proper extension runner 31 when making runner 31, manufacture method is simple, and can ensure the smooth outflow of electrolyte in porous electrode group.
As shown in Fig. 2 to 7, above-mentioned flow field is one or more, and the bearing of trend of each runner 31 in each flow field is identical.Flow field extends transversely or extends longitudinally, the uniform liquid stream pressure that the contact-making surface of flow field and porous electrode group is formed, thus be delivered to the position that flow field is not set in porous electrode group and also can form relatively uniform liquid stream pressure, make the liquid stream of porous electrode group inside realize Uniform Flow.
As shown in Figure 2, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group is one, and flow field is arranged on the median plane of porous electrode group.When the median plane in porous electrode group being arranged a flow field, this flow field can be arranged on transverse center face, also can be arranged on longitudinal center face, the electrolyte being distributed in the porous electrode group inside of both sides, flow field can realize Uniform Flow under the homogeneous pressure of the electrolyte of inside, flow field.
As shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 7, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group is multiple, and the arrangement mode in flow field is: A, each flow field be arranged in parallel, and the two ends in each flow field are identical to the distance at the edge of the porous electrode group vertical with flow field bearing of trend; Or B, each flow field be arranged in parallel, and adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31; Or each flow field of C be arranged in parallel and one end open, the opening direction in adjacent described flow field is identical or contrary; Or D, flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, group of flow fields comprises multiple flow field, the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields is parallel with the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in this group of flow fields, and in adjacent flow field group, flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31; Or E, flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields is vertical with the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in this group of flow fields, group of flow fields comprises multiple flow field, and each flow field in each group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group is A, as shown in Figure 3, the spacing in two adjacent flow fields can equal also can be different, when adjacent flow field spacing along electrolyte longitudinal flow direction reduce time, the volume in the porous electrode region between flow field also reduces along same direction, therefore more effectively avoid the flows decrease of the prolongation electrolyte of the glide path along with electrolyte, cause the problem that liquid pressure diminishes, electrolyte flow rate reduces further that porous electrode region is produced.Adopt arrangement mode A, electrolyte in flow field produces more uniform pressure to its porous electrode region that will flow through, thus make electrolyte homogeneous flowing in porous electrode group, not only can arrange in the mode of the horizontal expansion shown in Fig. 3 in flow field, also can arrange in the mode of longitudinal extension, and the spacing in adjacent flow field can equal also can be unequal, the spacing in preferably adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group is B, as shown in fig. 4 a, the flow field of horizontal expansion is carried out staggered with arrangement mode B, the spacing in adjacent flow field can equal also can be unequal, the spacing in preferably adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte longitudinal flow, and as shown in Figure 4 b, the flow field of longitudinal extension is carried out staggered with arrangement mode B, the spacing in adjacent flow field can equal also can be unequal, the spacing in preferably adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow, can make to produce certain pressure to electrolyte flow between adjacent flow field, under the comprehensive function in adjacent flow field, make electrolyte homogeneous flowing in porous electrode group.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group is C, as shown in figure 5 a and 5b, electrolyte is entered in porous electrode group by the flow field with opening, and is penetrated in the entity of porous electrode group by flow field, electrolyte is shunted, and improves the homogeneity that electrolyte flows in porous electrode group.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group is D, as shown in Figure 6, combine the advantage of arrangement mode A and B, therefore, flow field arranges with above-mentioned arrangement mode D the liquid drift angle reduced needed for electrolyte flow and realizes homogeneous flowing in porous electrode group inside.
When the flow field in porous electrode group is E, as shown in Figure 7, the technique effect with arrangement mode as shown in Figure 6 can also be realized when arrange with arrangement mode E in the flow field of longitudinal extension.
The flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group comprise bearing of trend identical runner 31 composition one or more first flow field and along one or more second flow fields perpendicular to the bearing of trend in the first flow field.Comprehensively arranged in orthogonal first flow field and the second flow field and make electrolyte more even at the liquid stream pressure of porous electrode group inside generation, better achieve the effect of electrolyte in the inner homogeneous flowing of porous electrode group.
As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 13 b, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement mode in above-mentioned flow field is: F, porous electrode 30 have multiple first flow field, and the plurality of first flow field is divided into multiple first group of flow fields, at least one the second flow fields are set between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, each first group of flow fields comprises multiple first flow fields be arranged in parallel, and the first adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in the first flow field; Or G, porous electrode 30 have one or more T-shaped group of flow fields, T-shaped group of flow fields comprises first flow field and second flow field in the middle part of this first flow field, the second flow field in T-shaped group of flow fields is not communicated with the first flow field, when T-shaped group of flow fields is multiple, in two adjacent T-shaped group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, and two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding second flow field, and each adjacent T-shaped group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or H, porous electrode 30 have one or more I font group of flow fields, I font group of flow fields comprises parallel two the first flow fields and two ends second flow field respectively in the middle part of two the first flow fields be oppositely arranged, second flow field is not communicated with the first flow field, when I font group of flow fields is multiple, and each I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or I, porous electrode group have one or more zigzag group of flow fields, zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two the first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and different from the second flow field respectively end, two the first flow fields is connected, when zigzag group of flow fields is multiple, and each zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or J, porous electrode group have the serpentine flow group of one or more both ends open, each serpentine flow group comprises multiple first flow field and multiple second flow field, be in the first flow field between first flow field at both ends open place and/or the second flow field and the second flow field is connected to end, and each snakelike smoothness group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Or K, porous electrode group have the parallel group of flow fields of one or more both ends open, each parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and multiple second flow field, the second flow field to be arranged between the first flow field and to be communicated with the second flow field.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is F, as shown in Figure 8, porous electrode component is uniform several porous electrode region by the second field flow road of horizontal expansion, the parallel distribution in first-class field flow road of the longitudinal extension that each porous electrode intra-zone is arranged, and interlaced arrangement, the zonule of electrolysis liquid homogeneous flowing is better formed like this in each porous electrode region, these zonules combine and just obtain the porous electrode group that an inside has the homogeneous distribution of electrolyte, when the second field flow road longitudinal extension made in Fig. 7 and first-class field flow road horizontal expansion time, also above-mentioned electrolyte can be realized in the inner homogeneous distribution of porous electrode group.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is G, as shown in Figure 9, just T-shaped and inverted T-shape cross arrangement, in addition, T-shapedly also can all also can all to arrange with inverted T-shape with just T-shaped arrangement, and the spacing distance between each the first T-shaped flow field and the second flow field can be the same or different.T-shaped liquid stream pressure is around homogeneous, and T-shaped number is more, and the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, and the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in porous electrode group is less, electrolyte more easily realize homogeneous effect.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is H, as shown in Figure 10, I font distributes by shown in Figure 10, liquid stream pressure around I font is homogeneous, and the number of I font is more, the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in porous electrode group is less, electrolyte more easily realize homogeneous effect.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is I, according to the flow field of the zigzag arranged shown in Figure 11 in porous electrode group, when electrolyte flows in the flow field of this zigzag, the pressure raw homogeneous to the liquid miscarriage around this zigzag, and the number of zigzag is more, the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in porous electrode group is less, the effect more easily realizing homogeneous flowing of electrolyte.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is J, as depicted in figs. 12 a and 12b, electrolyte enters in porous electrode group by the runner 31 of superposed runner electrode, and along being entered the runner electrode being positioned at below by runner 31, and then the runner electrode being positioned at top is flowed into along runner 31, electrolyte along this porous electrode group flow field flow while permeate to the entity part of porous electrode group, the electrolyte flow in whole porous electrode group is made to be tending towards homogenization, improve because the phenomenon of the uneven concentration polarization caused of electrolyte flow.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is K, as shown in Figure 13 a to Figure 13 b, electrolyte enters in porous electrode group by the first flow field, and flow to each second flow field, then along second field flow to each layer porous electrode 30, finally go out porous electrode group along first-class field flow, permeate in the entity of porous electrode group along electrolyte while flow field flow at electrolyte, equally also can realize the effect of the homogeneous flowing of electrolyte.
As shown in figure 14, in the typical execution mode of another kind of the present invention, provide a kind of flow half-cell, flow half-cell comprises liquid flow frame 1, porous electrode group 3 and bipolar plates 2, the electrode container cavity that liquid flow frame 1 has frame 11 and formed by frame 11, frame 11 is provided with electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet; Porous electrode group 3 to be embedded in the electrode container cavity of liquid flow frame 1 and to be connected with electrolyte outlet with electrolyte inlet, and porous electrode group 3 is above-mentioned porous electrode group; Bipolar plates 2 is arranged on the side of liquid flow frame 1 and parallel with porous electrode group 3.
There is the flow half-cell of said structure, the electrolyte inlet 12 of porous electrode group 3 and liquid flow frame 1 is connected with electrolyte outlet 13 and electrolyte can be transported in porous electrode group 2 rapidly, and flowed in the stacked porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3 by the flow field of porous electrode group 3, infiltration, existence due to the flow field resistance decreased when electrolyte flows in porous electrode group 3 improves the homogeneity of liquid stream, add the mass-transfer efficiency of electrolyte in porous electrode group, reduce concentration polarization and the pressure drop of liquid stream, improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of flow half-cell.
The structure of flow half-cell of the present invention is understood for the ease of those skilled in the art, inventor carries out illustrative explanation to the structure of the flow half-cell shown in Figure 14, this explanation can not limit the structural design of flow half-cell of the present invention, the import of setting anode electrolyte is positioned at the lower right-hand corner of liquid flow frame 1, and anode electrolyte outlet is positioned at the upper right corner place (not shown) of liquid flow frame 1.
The electrolyte inlet of liquid flow frame 1 and the setting position of electrolyte outlet can carry out suitable change according to actual needs, as shown in Figure 15 to 22, electrolyte can be controlled by cooperation between electrolyte inlet and the setting of electrolyte outlet and runner 31 and flow into the position of porous electrode group 3 and direction and flow out position and the direction of porous electrode group 3.
As shown in Figure 15 to 22, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the runner 31 be interconnected of above-mentioned porous electrode group 3 adjacent channels electrode, there is the superposition section overlapped on the stacked direction of the porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3.Adopting superposition section to be communicated with between runner 31, only needing the length of the proper extension runner 31 when making runner 31, manufacture method is simple, and can ensure the smooth outflow of electrolyte in porous electrode group.
As shown in figure 21 and figure, in above-mentioned porous electrode group 3, the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to away from the superposition section of the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2 is greater than the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to the superposition section of the porous electrode 30 near bipolar plates 2.
Due to, porous electrode 30 reaction efficiency away from bipolar plates 2 in discharge and recharge course of reaction is higher, and the runner 31 preferably away from the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2 is shorter, and the entity part of porous electrode 30 is more; The same reaction efficiency of porous electrode 30 in discharge and recharge course of reaction near bipolar plates 2 is lower, and the runner 31 preferably near the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2 is longer, and the entity part of porous electrode is less.Said structure design makes the porous electrode 30 away from bipolar plates 2 obtain more flow of electrolyte in runner 31, and obtain less flow of electrolyte near the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2, thus more flow of electrolyte and reactive ion is provided in the more much higher pore electrod of reaction efficiency 30, final raising electrode reaction and service efficiency, thus improve battery efficiency further.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid flow frame 1 of above-mentioned flow half-cell comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, electrolyte inlet is arranged on the first frame, electrolyte outlet is arranged on the second frame, porous electrode group 3 and have gap between the first frame and the second frame.
Be provided with the first frame of electrolyte inlet 12 and be provided with gap between the second frame of electrolyte outlet and porous electrode group 3, utilize this gap the electrolyte flowed into by electrolyte inlet is transported to equably with the runner of porous electrode 30 in or penetrate in porous electrode 30, then mutually flow between the porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3, realize high efficiency discharge and recharge reaction.
The present invention is in order to improve the mobility of the electrolyte between porous electrode group 3 and liquid flow frame 1 further, the flow field of preferred porous electrode group 3 has opening and vertical with the second frame with the first frame, and gap is communicated with electrolyte inlet and flow field and electrolyte outlet and flow field.When the flow field of porous electrode group has opening, as Fig. 5 a, the flow field of the C arrangement mode shown in Fig. 5 b, the flow field of the J arrangement mode shown in Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b, the flow field of the K arrangement mode shown in Figure 13 a and Figure 13 b all has opening, the electrolyte flowed into by electrolyte inlet enters by utilization and vertically disposed gap, flow field simultaneously to be had in the flow field of opening, improve the homogeneity that electrolyte flows in porous electrode 30, and utilize gap and electrolyte outlet in time the electrolyte after reaction to be transferred out porous electrode 30, improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of flow half-cell.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bipolar plates 2 of above-mentioned flow half-cell have the electrolyte directed fluid inlet corresponding with electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet.By being arranged at the electrolyte inlet electrolyte directed fluid inlet corresponding with electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet in bipolar plates 2, make electrolyte successively through electrolyte directed fluid inlet, electrolyte inlet, porous electrode group 3, electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet, make electrolyte flow into flow half-cell short as much as possible with the path of flowing out flow half-cell, and improve the integrated level of flow half-cell and the compactness of structure.
The liquid flow frame 1 of flow half-cell of the present invention can arrange anode electrolyte import simultaneously, anode electrolyte exports, the import of electrolyte liquid and the outlet of electrolyte liquid, bipolar plates 2 can arrange the anode electrolyte directed fluid inlet corresponding with anode electrolyte import simultaneously, corresponding anode electrolyte diversion outlet is exported with anode electrolyte, the electrolyte liquid directed fluid inlet corresponding with the import of electrolyte liquid and export corresponding electrolyte liquid diversion outlet with electrolyte liquid, and the anode electrolyte in flowing and electrolyte liquid are kept apart by the mode coordinated with seal groove by present conventional sealing ring.
In the typical execution mode of another kind of the present invention, provide a kind of liquid stream battery stack, the amberplex 4 comprising one or more positive pole half-cell, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged between positive pole half-cell and negative pole half-cell, positive pole half-cell and negative pole half-cell are above-mentioned flow half-cell, and the bipolar plates 2 of flow half-cell is arranged away from amberplex 4.
Above-mentioned liquid stream battery stack has flow half-cell of the present invention, and therefore, this liquid stream battery stack also has higher efficiency for charge-discharge.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a porous electrode group, it is characterized in that, described porous electrode group comprises stacked multiple porous electrodes (30), wherein at least two described porous electrodes (30) are for having the runner electrode of runner (31), the formation flow field and the described runner of the part of at least two described runner electrode (31) is interconnected, wherein, there is between the described runner (31) be interconnected of adjacent described runner electrode the superposition section overlapped in the stacked direction upper part of described porous electrode (30).
2. porous electrode group according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flow field is one or more, and described in each in each described flow field, the bearing of trend of runner (31) is identical.
3. porous electrode group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described flow field is one, and described flow field is arranged on the median plane of described porous electrode group.
4. porous electrode group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described flow field is multiple, and the arrangement mode in described flow field is:
A, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and the two ends in each described flow field are identical to the distance at the edge of the described porous electrode group vertical with described flow field bearing of trend; Or
B, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and adjacent described flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31); Or
C, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and one end open, and the opening direction in adjacent described flow field is identical or contrary; Or
D, described flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, described group of flow fields comprises multiple described flow field, the bearing of trend of each described group of flow fields is parallel with the bearing of trend of the described runner (31) in this group of flow fields, and described in adjacent described group of flow fields, flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31); Or
E, described flow field are divided into the multiple group of flow fields be arranged in parallel, described group of flow fields comprises multiple described flow field, the bearing of trend of each described group of flow fields is vertical with the bearing of trend of the described runner (31) in this group of flow fields, and each described flow field in each described group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31).
5. porous electrode group according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described flow field comprises one or more second flow fields of one or more first flow field that the identical described runner (31) of bearing of trend forms and the bearing of trend perpendicular to described first flow field.
6. porous electrode group according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the arrangement mode in described flow field is:
F, described porous electrode group has multiple first flow field, and the plurality of first flow field is divided into multiple first group of flow fields, between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, the second flow field described at least one is set, each first group of flow fields comprises multiple first flow fields be arranged in parallel, and adjacent described first flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner (31) in described first flow field; Or
G, described porous electrode group has one or more T-shaped group of flow fields, described T-shaped group of flow fields comprises described first flow field and described second flow field in the middle part of this first flow field, described second flow field in described T-shaped group of flow fields is not communicated with described first flow field, when described T-shaped group of flow fields is multiple, in adjacent two described T-shaped group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding second flow field, and each adjacent described T-shaped group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or
H, described porous electrode group has one or more I font group of flow fields, described I font group of flow fields comprises parallel two the first flow fields and two ends described second flow field respectively in the middle part of described two the first flow fields be oppositely arranged, described second flow field is not communicated with described first flow field, when described I font group of flow fields is multiple, and each described I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or
I, described porous electrode group has one or more zigzag group of flow fields, described zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two described first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and different from described second flow field respectively end, two described first flow fields is connected, when described zigzag group of flow fields is multiple, and each described zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Or
J, described porous electrode group has the serpentine flow group of one or more both ends open, each described serpentine flow group comprises multiple first flow field and multiple second flow field, be in described first flow field between first flow field at described both ends open place and/or the second flow field and described second flow field is connected to end, and each described snakelike smoothness group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Or
K, described porous electrode group have the parallel group of flow fields of one or more both ends open, each described parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and multiple second flow field, and described second flow field to be arranged between described first flow field and to be communicated with described second flow field.
7. a flow half-cell, is characterized in that, described flow half-cell comprises:
Liquid flow frame (1), the electrode container cavity that there is frame (11) and formed by described frame (11), (11) are provided with electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet to described frame;
Porous electrode group (3), to be embedded in the described electrode container cavity of described liquid flow frame (1) and to be connected with electrolyte outlet with described electrolyte inlet, the porous electrode group of described porous electrode group (3) according to any one of claim 1 to 6;
Bipolar plates (2), be arranged on the side of described liquid flow frame (1) and parallel with described porous electrode group (3), wherein, between the described runner (31) be interconnected of the adjacent channels electrode of described porous electrode group (3), there is the superposition section overlapped on the stacked direction of the porous electrode (30) of described porous electrode group (3).
8. flow half-cell according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described porous electrode group (3), the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to away from the superposition section of the porous electrode (30) of described bipolar plates (2) is greater than the development length that electrolysis liquid flows to the superposition section of the porous electrode (30) near described bipolar plates (2).
9. flow half-cell according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described liquid flow frame (1) comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, described electrolyte inlet is arranged on described first frame, described electrolyte outlet is arranged on described second frame, described porous electrode group (3) and have gap between described first frame and described second frame.
10. flow half-cell according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the flow field of described porous electrode group (3) has opening and vertical with described second frame with described first frame, and described gap is communicated with described electrolyte inlet and described flow field and described electrolyte outlet and described flow field.
11. flow half-cell according to any one of claim 7 to 10, is characterized in that described bipolar plates (2) has the electrolyte directed fluid inlet corresponding with described electrolyte inlet and electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet.
12. 1 kinds of liquid stream battery stacks, the amberplex (1) comprising one or more positive pole half-cell, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged between described positive pole half-cell and described negative pole half-cell, it is characterized in that, described positive pole half-cell and the flow half-cell of described negative pole half-cell according to any one of claim 7 to 11, and the bipolar plates of described flow half-cell (2) is arranged away from described amberplex (1).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1316113A (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-10-03 | 斯奎勒尔控股有限公司 | Membrane-separated, bipolar multicell electrochemical reactor |
| CN102723501A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Porous electrode, liquid flow battery with same, battery stack and battery system |
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| JP3996762B2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2007-10-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Redox flow battery electrode |
| WO2012020277A1 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | Krisada Kampanatsanyakorn | Redox flow battery system employing different charge and discharge cells |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1316113A (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-10-03 | 斯奎勒尔控股有限公司 | Membrane-separated, bipolar multicell electrochemical reactor |
| CN102723501A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Porous electrode, liquid flow battery with same, battery stack and battery system |
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