CN103137983A - Porous electrode group, liquid flow half-cell and liquid flow cell stack - Google Patents
Porous electrode group, liquid flow half-cell and liquid flow cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN103137983A CN103137983A CN2013100387128A CN201310038712A CN103137983A CN 103137983 A CN103137983 A CN 103137983A CN 2013100387128 A CN2013100387128 A CN 2013100387128A CN 201310038712 A CN201310038712 A CN 201310038712A CN 103137983 A CN103137983 A CN 103137983A
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Abstract
The invention provides a porous electrode group, a liquid flow half-cell and a liquid flow cell stack. The porous electrode group comprises a plurality of overlaid porous electrodes, wherein at least two porous electrodes are flow channel electrodes provided with flow channels, and parts of at least two flow channel electrodes are communicated and form a flow field. The flow field which is formed by mutually communicating flow channels and for flow of electrolyte is arranged inside at least one porous electrode of the porous electrode group. Due to the fact the electrolyte flows in the porous electrodes under the flow guidance of the flow field, superficial area which the electrolyte osmoses to material parts of the porous electrodes is enlarged, liquid flow resistance to the flow of the electrolyte caused by the porous electrodes is reduced, and liquid flow differential pressure needed by the flow of the electrolyte is reduced effectively. Besides, due to the fact that the electrolyte evenly osmoses to the porous electrodes on two sides of the flow field when the electrolyte flows in the flow field, liquid flow uniformity is increased, concentration polarization caused by uneven flow of the electrolyte is reduced, and charging and discharging efficiency of liquid flow cells with the porous electrode group, the liquid flow half-cell and the liquid flow cell stack is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flow battery design field, in particular to a kind of porous electrode group, liquid stream half-cell and liquid stream battery stack.
Background technology
Vanadium redox battery is that a kind of vanadium ion electrolyte with different valence state carries out redox electrochemical reaction appts, can realize efficiently the mutual conversion between chemical energy and electric energy.Such battery has long service life, and energy conversion efficiency is high, and fail safe is good, and advantages of environment protection can be used for wind power generation and the supporting extensive energy-storage system of photovoltaic generation, is one of electrical network peak load shifting, balanced loaded main selection.Therefore, vanadium redox battery becomes the emphasis that large capacity energy-storage battery is studied gradually in recent years.
Vanadium redox battery is respectively with vanadium ion V
2+/ V
3+And V
4+/ V
5+Both positive and negative polarity oxidation-reduction pair as battery, both positive and negative polarity electrolyte is stored in respectively in two fluid reservoirs, drive active electrolyte to reacting environment's (battery pile) by acidproof liquor pump and be back to again and form the circulating fluid loop in fluid reservoir, to realize charge and discharge process.In the vanadium redox battery energy-storage system, the quality of stack performance is determining the charge-discharge performance of whole system, especially discharges and recharges power and efficient.Battery pile is to stack successively compression by the multi-disc monocell, is in series.Wherein, the composition of monolithic flow battery as shown in Figure 1.1 ' is liquid flow frame, and 2 ' is bipolar plates, and 3 ' is porous electrode, and 4 ' is amberplex, and each assembly forms the flow battery of monolithic, by the stacking composition battery pile 5 ' of N flow battery.
The general infiltration mass transfer by porous electrode that flows of existing liquid stream battery stack electrolyte inside, the type of flow of this electrolyte cause the interior liquid drift angle of battery pile very large on the one hand, the pump exorbitant expenditure, thus make the flow battery system Efficiency Decreasing; On the other hand, that the battery pile electrolyte inside flows is inhomogeneous, concentration polarization is larger, causes the pile internal loss, thereby the voltage efficiency of battery is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of porous electrode group, liquid stream half-cell and liquid stream battery stack, has improved the homogeneity that the porous electrode electrolyte inside flows.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of porous electrode group, the porous electrode group comprises stacked a plurality of porous electrodes, wherein at least two porous electrodes are the runner electrode with runner, and the part runner of at least two runner electrodes is interconnected and forms the flow field.
Further, has the superposition section that overlaps between the runner that is interconnected of adjacent above-mentioned runner electrode on the stacked direction of porous electrode.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is one or more, and the bearing of trend of each runner in each flow field is identical.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is one, and the flow field is arranged on the median plane of porous electrode group.
Further, above-mentioned flow field is a plurality of, and the arrangement mode in flow field is: A, each flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and the two ends in each flow field are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical porous electrode group of flow field bearing of trend; Perhaps B, each flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner; Perhaps C, each flow field be arranged in parallel and an end opening, and the opening direction in adjacent flow field is identical or opposite; Perhaps D, flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, and group of flow fields comprises a plurality of flow fields, and the bearing of trend of the runner in the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is parallel, and in adjacent group of flow fields, the flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner; Perhaps E, flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, group of flow fields comprises a plurality of flow fields, the bearing of trend of the runner in the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is vertical, and each flow field in each group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner.
Further, above-mentioned flow field comprises one or more the first flow fields that the identical runner of bearing of trend forms and perpendicular to one or more second flow fields of the bearing of trend in the first flow field.
Further, the arrangement mode in above-mentioned flow field is: have a plurality of the first flow fields on F, porous electrode group, and these a plurality of first flow fields are divided into a plurality of the first group of flow fields, the at least one the second flow fields are set between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, each first group of flow fields comprises a plurality of the first flow fields that be arranged in parallel, and the first adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner in the first flow field; Perhaps have one or more T font group of flow fields on G, porous electrode group, T font group of flow fields comprises first flow field and second flow field towards this middle part, the first flow field, the second flow field in T font group of flow fields is not communicated with the first flow field, when T font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, in two adjacent T font group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, and two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding the second flow field, and each adjacent T font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps have one or more I font group of flow fields on H, porous electrode group, I font group of flow fields comprises that parallel two the first flow fields that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards second flow field at two the first middle parts, flow fields, the second flow field is not communicated with the first flow field, when I font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps have one or more zigzag group of flow fields on I, porous electrode group, the zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two the first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and two the first flow fields respectively from the second flow field on different end be connected, when the zigzag group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps has the serpentine flow group of one or more both ends opens on J, porous electrode group, each serpentine flow group comprises a plurality of the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, be in first flow field at both ends open place and/or the first flow field between the second flow field and the second flow field and be connected to end, and each snakelike smooth group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Perhaps have the parallel group of flow fields of one or more both ends opens on K, porous electrode group, each parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, and the second flow field is arranged between the first flow field and is communicated with the second flow field.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of liquid stream half-cell, liquid stream half-cell comprises: liquid flow frame has frame and by the electrode container cavity that frame forms, is provided with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet on frame; The porous electrode group is embedded in the electrode container cavity of liquid flow frame and with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and is connected, and the porous electrode group is above-mentioned porous electrode group; Bipolar plates is arranged on a side of liquid flow frame and parallel with the porous electrode group.
Further, has the superposition section that overlaps between the runner that is interconnected of the adjacent channels electrode of above-mentioned porous electrode group on the stacked direction of the porous electrode of porous electrode group.
Further, in above-mentioned porous electrode group, electrolysis liquid flows to away from the development length of the superposition section of the porous electrode of bipolar plates and flows to development length near the superposition section of the porous electrode of bipolar plates greater than electrolysis liquid.
Further, above-mentioned liquid flow frame comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, and the electrolyte import is arranged on the first frame, and electrolyte outlet is arranged on the second frame, has the gap between porous electrode group and the first frame and the second frame.
Further, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group have opening and with the first frame and the second frame perpendicular, above-mentioned gap is communicated with electrolyte import and flow field and electrolyte outlet and flow field.
Further, have the electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance corresponding with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet on above-mentioned bipolar plates.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of liquid stream battery stack is provided, comprise one or more anodal half-cells, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged on anodal half-cell and the negative pole half-cell between amberplex, anodal half-cell and negative pole half-cell are above-mentioned liquid stream half-cell, and the bipolar plates of liquid stream half-cell is away from the amberplex setting.
Use technical scheme of the present invention, at least one porous electrode inside of porous electrode group is provided with the flow field that is interconnected and is formed by runner of electrolysis liquid circulation, electrolyte flows in porous electrode under the guide functions in flow field has increased the surface area of electrolyte to the entity part infiltration of porous electrode, reduce the liquid flowing resistance that porous electrode causes electrolyte flow, effectively reduced the required liquid drift angle of electrolyte flow; And electrolyte is when flowing in the flow field, and uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode of both sides, flow field has improved the homogeneity that liquid stream flows, and has reduced the concentration polarization that causes because of the electrolyte flow inequality, improves the efficiency for charge-discharge of the flow battery with it.
Description of drawings
The Figure of description that consists of the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not consist of improper restriction of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of flow battery of the prior art;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b show the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 shows the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b show the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 a and Figure 13 b show the structural representation according to the porous electrode group of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 shows the structural representation according to the stream of the liquid in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention half-cell;
Figure 15 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 16 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 17 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 18 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 19 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 20 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte;
Figure 21 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte; And
Figure 22 shows the flow schematic diagram according to the middle electrolyte of the porous electrode group of the liquid stream half-cell of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein arrow points is the flow direction of electrolyte.
Embodiment
Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the application can make up mutually.Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention in detail.
As shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 13 b, in a kind of typical execution mode of the present invention, a kind of porous electrode group is provided, the porous electrode group comprises stacked a plurality of porous electrodes 30, wherein at least one porous electrode 30 is for having the runner electrode of runner 31, and the part runner 31 of an another at least runner electrode is interconnected and forms the flow field.
Porous electrode group with said structure, wherein at least one porous electrode 30 inside are provided with the flow field that is interconnected and is formed by runner 31 of electrolysis liquid circulation, electrolyte under the guide functions in flow field at the interior mobile electrolyte that increased of porous electrode 30 to the surface area of the entity part infiltration of porous electrode 30, reduce the liquid flowing resistance that 30 pairs of electrolyte flow of porous electrode cause, effectively reduced the required liquid drift angle of electrolyte flow; And electrolyte is when flowing in the flow field, and uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode 30 of both sides, flow field has improved the homogeneity that liquid stream flows, and has reduced the concentration polarization that causes because of the electrolyte flow inequality, improves the efficiency for charge-discharge of the flow battery with it.
The generation type in flow field of the present invention has multiple, the design of runner 31 also has multiple, when the defaecation that is connected between the part runner 31 of adjacent runner electrode can form the flow field on the stacked direction at porous electrode 30, electrolyte can flow between different porous electrode 30 under the guide functions in flow field, can improve significantly the homogeneity that porous electrode group electrolyte inside flows.
The thickness of the porous electrode 30 in porous electrode group of the present invention can be the same or different, the porous electrode group of different-thickness ratio has different impacts for transmission direction and the electrolyte of electrolyte in the mass-transfer efficiency of regional area, and those skilled in the art can be according to the demand of the mass-transfer efficiency thickness to porous electrode 30 is carried out preferably.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, has the superposition section that overlaps between the runner that is interconnected 31 of above-mentioned adjacent runner electrode on the stacked direction of porous electrode 30.Adopt superposition section to be communicated with between runner 31, only need to be when making runner 31 length of proper extension runner 31, manufacture method is simple, and can guarantee smooth and easy flow of electrolyte in the porous electrode group.
As shown in Fig. 2 to 7, above-mentioned flow field is one or more, and the bearing of trend of each runner 31 in each flow field is identical.The flow field extends transversely or extends longitudinally, the uniform liquid stream pressure that forms on the contact-making surface of flow field and porous electrode group, thereby be delivered to the position that the flow field is not set in the porous electrode group and also can form relatively liquid stream pressure uniformly, make the liquid stream of porous electrode group inside realize Uniform Flow.
As shown in Figure 2, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group is one, and the flow field is arranged on the median plane of porous electrode group.When on the median plane of porous electrode group, a flow field being set, this flow field can be arranged on the transverse center face, also can be arranged on longitudinal center's face, the electrolyte that is distributed in the porous electrode group inside of both sides, flow field can be realized Uniform Flow under the homogeneous pressure of the electrolyte of inside, flow field.
As extremely shown in Figure 7 in Fig. 3, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group is a plurality of, and the arrangement mode in flow field is: A, each flow field be arranged in parallel, and the two ends in each flow field are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical porous electrode group of flow field bearing of trend; Perhaps B, each flow field be arranged in parallel, and adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31; Perhaps each flow field of C be arranged in parallel and an end opening, and the opening direction in adjacent described flow field is identical or opposite; Perhaps D, flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, group of flow fields comprises a plurality of flow fields, the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is parallel, and in adjacent group of flow fields, the flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31; Perhaps E, flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in the bearing of trend of each group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is vertical, group of flow fields comprises a plurality of flow fields, and each flow field in each group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of runner 31.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in the porous electrode group is A, as shown in Figure 3, the spacing in two adjacent flow fields can equate also can be different, when the spacing in adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte longitudinal flow, the volume in the porous electrode zone between the flow field also reduces along same direction, therefore more effectively avoided slowing down along with the flow velocity of the prolongation electrolyte of the glide path of electrolyte, caused the problem that liquid pressure diminishes, electrolyte flow rate further reduces that the porous electrode zone is produced.Adopt arrangement mode A, electrolyte in the flow field is to its more uniform pressure of porous electrode zone generation that will flow through, thereby electrolyte homogeneous in the porous electrode group is flowed, not only can arrange in the mode of the horizontal expansion shown in Fig. 3 in the flow field, also can arrange in the mode of longitudinal extension, and the spacing in adjacent flow field can equate also can be unequal, the spacing in preferred adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow.
when the arrangement mode in the flow field in the porous electrode group is B, as shown in Fig. 4 a, the flow field of horizontal expansion is carried out staggered with arrangement mode B, the spacing in adjacent flow field can equate also can be unequal, the spacing in preferred adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte longitudinal flow, and as shown in Fig. 4 b, the flow field of longitudinal extension is carried out staggered with arrangement mode B, the spacing in adjacent flow field can equate also can be unequal, the spacing in preferred adjacent flow field reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow, can make between adjacent flow field electrolyte flow is produced certain pressure, under the comprehensive function in adjacent flow field, make electrolyte homogeneous in the porous electrode group flow.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in the porous electrode group is C, as shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, electrolyte is entered in the porous electrode group by the flow field with opening, and is penetrated into by the flow field in the entity of porous electrode group, the electrolyte shunting has improved the homogeneity that electrolyte flows in the porous electrode group.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in the porous electrode group is D, as shown in Figure 6, combine the advantage of arrangement mode A and B, therefore, the flow field arranges with above-mentioned arrangement mode D and has reduced the required liquid drift angle of electrolyte flow and realize that in porous electrode group inside homogeneous flows.
When the flow field in the porous electrode group is E, as shown in Figure 7, when arranging with arrangement mode E, the flow field of longitudinal extension also can realize the technique effect with as shown in Figure 6 arrangement mode.
The flow field of above-mentioned porous electrode group comprises one or more the first flow fields that the identical runner of bearing of trend 31 forms and along one or more the second flow fields perpendicular to the bearing of trend in the first flow field.Comprehensively being arranged in orthogonal the first flow field and the second flow field makes electrolyte more even at the inner liquid stream pressure that produces of porous electrode group, has better realized the effect that electrolyte flows at the inner homogeneous of porous electrode group.
As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 13 b, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement mode in above-mentioned flow field is: have a plurality of the first flow fields on F, porous electrode 30, and these a plurality of first flow fields are divided into a plurality of the first group of flow fields, the at least one the second flow fields are set between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, each first group of flow fields comprises a plurality of the first flow fields that be arranged in parallel, and the first adjacent flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner 31 in the first flow field; Perhaps have one or more T font group of flow fields on G, porous electrode 30, T font group of flow fields comprises first flow field and second flow field towards this middle part, the first flow field, the second flow field in T font group of flow fields is not communicated with the first flow field, when T font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, in two adjacent T font group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, and two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding the second flow field, and each adjacent T font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps have one or more I font group of flow fields on H, porous electrode 30, I font group of flow fields comprises that parallel two the first flow fields that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards second flow field at two the first middle parts, flow fields, the second flow field is not communicated with the first flow field, when I font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps have one or more zigzag group of flow fields on I, porous electrode group, the zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two the first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and two the first flow fields respectively from the second flow field on different end be connected, when the zigzag group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps has the serpentine flow group of one or more both ends opens on J, porous electrode group, each serpentine flow group comprises a plurality of the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, be in first flow field at both ends open place and/or the first flow field between the second flow field and the second flow field and be connected to end, and each snakelike smooth group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Perhaps have the parallel group of flow fields of one or more both ends opens on K, porous electrode group, each parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, and the second flow field is arranged between the first flow field and is communicated with the second flow field.
when the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is F, as shown in Figure 8, the second field flow road of horizontal expansion is uniform several porous electrodes zones with the porous electrode component, the parallel distribution in first-class field flow road of the longitudinal extension that each porous electrode intra-zone arranges, and interlaced arranging, form like this electrolysis liquid homogeneous zonule of flowing better in each porous electrode zone, these zonules combine and just obtain the porous electrode group that an inside has the distribution of electrolyte homogeneous, when the second field flow road longitudinal extension in making Fig. 7 and the horizontal expansion of first-class field flow road, can realize that also above-mentioned electrolyte distributes at the inner homogeneous of porous electrode group.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is G, as shown in Figure 9, positive T font and inverted T-shape cross arrangement, in addition, the T font also can all be arranged with positive T font and also can all be arranged with inverted T-shape, and the first flow field of each T font and the spacing distance between the second flow field can be the same or different.Liquid stream pressure homogeneous around the T font, and the number of T font is more, the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, and the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in the porous electrode group is less, the effect that more easily realizes homogeneous of electrolyte.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is H, as shown in figure 10, the I font distributes by shown in Figure 10, liquid stream pressure homogeneous around the I font, and the number of I font is more, and the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in the porous electrode group is less, the effect that more easily realizes homogeneous of electrolyte.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is I, according to the flow field that the zigzag in the porous electrode group is set shown in Figure 11, when electrolyte flows in the flow field of this zigzag, the pressure of homogeneous is given birth in miscarriage to the liquid around this zigzag, and the number of zigzag is more, and the flow field of porous electrode group inside is more, the resistance that electrolyte flow is subject in the porous electrode group is less, electrolyte more easily realize the effect that homogeneous flows.
when the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is J, as shown in Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b, enter in the porous electrode group in the runner 31 of electrolyte by superposed runner electrode, and along entered the runner electrode that is positioned at the below by runner 31, and then flow into along runner 31 the runner electrode that is positioned at the top, electrolyte permeates to the entity part of porous electrode group when flowing along the flow field of this porous electrode group, make the electrolyte flow in whole porous electrode group be tending towards homogenization, improved because the phenomenon of the inhomogeneous concentration polarization that causes of electrolyte flow.
When the arrangement mode in the flow field in porous electrode group of the present invention is K, as shown in Figure 13 a to Figure 13 b, electrolyte is entered in the porous electrode group by the first flow field, and flow to each second flow field, then along the second field flow to each layer porous electrode 30, go out the porous electrode group along first-class field flow at last, electrolyte to the entity inner penetration of porous electrode group, equally also can be realized the effect that the electrolyte homogeneous flows when electrolyte flows along the flow field.
As shown in figure 14, in the typical execution mode of another kind of the present invention, a kind of liquid stream half-cell is provided, liquid stream half-cell comprises liquid flow frame 1, porous electrode group 3 and bipolar plates 2, liquid flow frame 1 has frame 11 and by the electrode container cavity that frame 11 forms, is provided with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet on frame 11; Porous electrode group 3 is embedded in the electrode container cavity of liquid flow frame 1 and with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and is connected, and porous electrode group 3 is above-mentioned porous electrode group; Bipolar plates 2 is arranged on a side of liquid flow frame 1 and parallel with porous electrode group 3.
liquid stream half-cell with said structure, the electrolyte import 12 of porous electrode group 3 and liquid flow frame 1 and electrolyte outlet 13 are connected and make electrolyte can be transported to rapidly in porous electrode group 2, and interior mobile at the stacked porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3 by the flow field of porous electrode group 3, infiltration, because having reduced electrolyte, the existence in flow field improved the homogeneity of liquid stream at the interior resistance when mobile of porous electrode group 3, increased the mass-transfer efficiency of electrolyte in the porous electrode group, reduced the pressure drop of concentration polarization and liquid stream, improved the efficiency for charge-discharge of liquid stream half-cell.
Understand the structure of liquid stream half-cell of the present invention for the ease of those skilled in the art, the inventor carries out the illustrative explanation to the structure of liquid stream half-cell shown in Figure 14, this explanation can not limit the structural design of liquid stream half-cell of the present invention, set the lower right-hand corner that the anode electrolyte import is positioned at liquid flow frame 1, the anode electrolyte outlet is positioned at place, the upper right corner (not shown) of liquid flow frame 1.
The electrolyte import of liquid flow frame 1 and the setting position of electrolyte outlet can carry out suitable variation according to actual needs, as shown in Figure 15 to 22, can control electrolyte by the cooperation between the setting of electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and runner 31 and flow into the position of porous electrode group 3 and position and the direction of direction and outflow porous electrode group 3.
As shown in Figure 15 to 22, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, has the superposition section that overlaps between the runner that is interconnected 31 of above-mentioned porous electrode group 3 adjacent channels electrodes on the stacked direction of the porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3.Adopt superposition section to be communicated with between runner 31, only need to be when making runner 31 length of proper extension runner 31, manufacture method is simple, and can guarantee smooth and easy flow of electrolyte in the porous electrode group.
As Figure 21 and shown in Figure 22, in above-mentioned porous electrode group 3, electrolysis liquid flows to away from the development length of the superposition section of the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2 and flows to development length near the superposition section of the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2 greater than electrolysis liquid.
Due to, porous electrode 30 reaction efficiencies away from bipolar plates 2 in discharging and recharging course of reaction are higher, and are preferably shorter away from the runner 31 of the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2, and the entity part of porous electrode 30 is more; The same reaction efficiency of porous electrode 30 in discharging and recharging course of reaction near bipolar plates 2 is lower, and preferably the runner 31 of the porous electrode 30 of close bipolar plates 2 is longer, and the entity part of porous electrode is less.The said structure design makes the porous electrode 30 away from bipolar plates 2 obtain more flow of electrolyte in runner 31, and obtain less flow of electrolyte near the porous electrode 30 of bipolar plates 2, thereby provide more flow of electrolyte and reactive ion in the more much higher pore electrod 30 of reaction efficiency, final raising electrode reaction and service efficiency, thus battery efficiency further improved.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid flow frame 1 of above-mentioned liquid stream half-cell comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, the electrolyte import is arranged on the first frame, electrolyte outlet is arranged on the second frame, has the gap between porous electrode group 3 and the first frame and the second frame.
Be provided with between the second frame of the first frame of electrolyte import 12 and electrolyte outlet and porous electrode group 3 and be provided with the gap, utilize this gap will be transported to equably by the electrolyte that the electrolyte import flows in runner with porous electrode 30 or be penetrated in porous electrode 30, then mutually flow between the porous electrode 30 of porous electrode group 3, realize the high efficiency reaction that discharges and recharges.
The present invention is in order further to improve the mobility of the electrolyte between porous electrode group 3 and liquid flow frame 1, the flow field of preferred porous electrode group 3 have opening and with the first frame and the second frame perpendicular, the gap is communicated with electrolyte import and flow field and electrolyte outlet and flow field.when the flow field of porous electrode group has opening, as Fig. 5 a, the flow field of the C arrangement mode shown in Fig. 5 b, the flow field of the J arrangement mode shown in Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b, the flow field of the K arrangement mode shown in Figure 13 a and Figure 13 b all has opening, utilize with vertically disposed gap, flow field and will be entered simultaneously in the flow field with opening by the electrolyte that the electrolyte import flows into, improved electrolyte in the interior mobile homogeneity of porous electrode 30, and utilize gap and electrolyte outlet will react in time electrolyte afterwards and transfer out porous electrode 30, improved the efficiency for charge-discharge of liquid stream half-cell.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, have the electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance corresponding with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet on the bipolar plates 2 of above-mentioned liquid stream half-cell.By be arranged at the electrolyte import electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance corresponding with electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet on bipolar plates 2, make electrolyte pass through successively electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance, electrolyte import, porous electrode group 3, electrolyte outlet and electrolyte diversion outlet, make the path of electrolyte inflow liquid stream half-cell and efflux stream half-cell short as much as possible, and improved the integrated level of liquid stream half-cell and the compact degree of structure.
on the liquid flow frame 1 of liquid stream half-cell of the present invention, the anode electrolyte import can be set simultaneously, the anode electrolyte outlet, the import of negative pole electrolyte and negative pole electrolyte outlet, the anode electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance corresponding with the anode electrolyte import can be set on bipolar plates 2 simultaneously, the anode electrolyte diversion outlet corresponding with the anode electrolyte outlet, the negative pole electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance corresponding with the import of negative pole electrolyte and the negative pole electrolyte diversion outlet corresponding with the negative pole electrolyte outlet, and anode electrolyte and negative pole electrolyte in flowing by the mode that sealing ring commonly used at present coordinates with seal groove are kept apart.
In the typical execution mode of another kind of the present invention, a kind of liquid stream battery stack is provided, comprise one or more anodal half-cells, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged on anodal half-cell and the negative pole half-cell between amberplex 4, anodal half-cell and negative pole half-cell are above-mentioned liquid stream half-cell, and the bipolar plates 2 of liquid stream half-cell arranges away from amberplex 4.
Above-mentioned liquid stream battery stack has liquid stream half-cell of the present invention, and therefore, this liquid stream battery stack also has higher efficiency for charge-discharge.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. porous electrode group, it is characterized in that, described porous electrode group comprises stacked a plurality of porous electrodes (30), wherein at least two described porous electrodes (30) are for having the runner electrode of runner (31), and the described runner of the part of at least two described runner electrodes (31) is interconnected and forms the flow field.
2. porous electrode group according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has the superposition section that overlaps between the described runner (31) that is interconnected of adjacent described runner electrode on the stacked direction of described porous electrode (30).
3. porous electrode group according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described flow field is one or more, and the bearing of trend of each the described runner (31) in each described flow field is identical.
4. porous electrode group according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described flow field is one, and described flow field is arranged on the median plane of described porous electrode group.
5. porous electrode group according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described flow field is a plurality of, and the arrangement mode in described flow field is:
A, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and the two ends in each described flow field are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical described porous electrode group of described flow field bearing of trend; Perhaps
B, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and closed at both ends, and adjacent described flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31); Perhaps
C, each described flow field be arranged in parallel and an end opening, and the opening direction in adjacent described flow field is identical or opposite; Perhaps
D, described flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, described group of flow fields comprises a plurality of described flow fields, the bearing of trend of the described runner (31) in the bearing of trend of each described group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is parallel, and described in adjacent described group of flow fields, the flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31); Perhaps
E, described flow field are divided into a plurality of group of flow fields that be arranged in parallel, described group of flow fields comprises a plurality of described flow fields, the bearing of trend of the described runner (31) in the bearing of trend of each described group of flow fields and this group of flow fields is vertical, and each the described flow field in each described group of flow fields is staggered along the bearing of trend of described runner (31).
6. porous electrode group according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described flow field comprises one or more the first flow fields that the identical described runner (31) of bearing of trend forms and perpendicular to one or more second flow fields of the bearing of trend in described the first flow field.
7. porous electrode group according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the arrangement mode in described flow field is:
Have a plurality of the first flow fields on F, described porous electrode group, and these a plurality of first flow fields are divided into a plurality of the first group of flow fields, at least one described the second flow field is set between adjacent two the first group of flow fields, each first group of flow fields comprises a plurality of the first flow fields that be arranged in parallel, and adjacent described the first flow field is staggered along the bearing of trend of the runner (31) in described the first flow field; Perhaps
Have one or more T font group of flow fields on G, described porous electrode group, described T font group of flow fields comprises described first flow field and described second flow field towards this middle part, the first flow field, described the second flow field in described T font group of flow fields is not communicated with described the first flow field, when described T font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, in two adjacent described T font group of flow fields, two the second flow fields are parallel to each other, two the first flow fields are positioned at the difference end in corresponding the second flow field, and each adjacent described T font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps
Have one or more I font group of flow fields on H, described porous electrode group, described I font group of flow fields comprises that parallel two the first flow fields that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards described second flow field at described two the first middle parts, flow fields, described the second flow field is not communicated with described the first flow field, when described I font group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each described I font group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps
Have one or more zigzag group of flow fields on I, described porous electrode group, described zigzag group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and second flow field, two described the first flow fields are separately positioned on the both sides in the second flow field, and two described the first flow fields respectively from described the second flow field on different end be connected, when described zigzag group of flow fields when being a plurality of, and each described zigzag group of flow fields is communicated with each other or is not communicated with; Perhaps
The serpentine flow group that has one or more both ends opens on J, described porous electrode group, each described serpentine flow group comprises a plurality of the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, be in first flow field at described both ends open place and/or described the first flow field between the second flow field and described the second flow field and be connected to end, and each described snakelike smooth group is communicated with or is not communicated with; Perhaps
The parallel group of flow fields that has one or more both ends opens on K, described porous electrode group, each described parallel group of flow fields comprises two the first flow fields and a plurality of the second flow field, described the second flow field is arranged between described the first flow field and is communicated with described the second flow field.
8. a liquid stream half-cell, is characterized in that, described liquid stream half-cell comprises:
Liquid flow frame (1), the electrode container cavity that has frame (11) and formed by described frame (11), described frame is provided with electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet on (11);
Porous electrode group (3) is embedded in the described electrode container cavity of described liquid flow frame (1) and with described electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet and is connected, and described porous electrode group (3) is the described porous electrode group of any one in claim 1 to 7;
Bipolar plates (2) is arranged on a side of described liquid flow frame (1) and parallel with described porous electrode group (3).
9. liquid according to claim 8 flows half-cell, it is characterized in that having the superposition section that overlaps between the described runner (31) that is interconnected of the adjacent channels electrode of described porous electrode group (3) on the stacked direction of the porous electrode (30) of described porous electrode group (3).
10. liquid according to claim 9 flows half-cell, it is characterized in that, in described porous electrode group (3), electrolysis liquid flows to away from the development length of the superposition section of the porous electrode (30) of described bipolar plates (2) and flows to development length near the superposition section of the porous electrode (30) of described bipolar plates (2) greater than electrolysis liquid.
11. liquid stream half-cell according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described liquid flow frame (1) comprises the first relative frame and the second frame, described electrolyte import is arranged on described the first frame, described electrolyte outlet is arranged on described the second frame, has the gap between described porous electrode group (3) and described the first frame and described the second frame.
12. liquid stream half-cell according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, the flow field of described porous electrode group (3) have opening and with described the first frame and described the second frame perpendicular, described gap is communicated with described electrolyte import and described flow field and described electrolyte outlet and described flow field.
13. according to claim 8 to 12, the described liquid stream of any one half-cell, is characterized in that having electrolyte water conservancy diversion entrance and the electrolyte diversion outlet corresponding with described electrolyte import and electrolyte outlet on described bipolar plates (2).
14. liquid stream battery stack, comprise one or more anodal half-cells, one or more negative pole half-cell and be arranged on described anodal half-cell and described negative pole half-cell between amberplex (1), it is characterized in that, described anodal half-cell and described negative pole half-cell are the described liquid stream of any one half-cell in claim 8 to 13, and the bipolar plates (2) of described liquid stream half-cell arranges away from described amberplex (1).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108701853A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-10-23 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Electrode and electrolyte circular form battery |
| CN110024194A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-07-16 | 东丽株式会社 | The manufacturing method of electrode, redox flow batteries and electrode |
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