CN102723501A - Porous electrode, liquid flow battery with same, battery stack and battery system - Google Patents
Porous electrode, liquid flow battery with same, battery stack and battery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723501A CN102723501A CN2012102222360A CN201210222236A CN102723501A CN 102723501 A CN102723501 A CN 102723501A CN 2012102222360 A CN2012102222360 A CN 2012102222360A CN 201210222236 A CN201210222236 A CN 201210222236A CN 102723501 A CN102723501 A CN 102723501A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 57
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001456 vanadium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous electrode, a liquid flow battery with the same, a liquid flow battery stack and a liquid flow battery system. A flow guide channel through which an electrolyte solution flows is formed in the porous electrode, and the flow guide channel penetrates in the thickness direction of the porous electrode. The invention has the advantages that the flow guide channel through which the electrolyte solution flows is formed in the porous electrode, liquid flow resistance of the porous electrode on flowing of the electrolyte solution is reduced under the flow guide action of the flow guide channel on the electrolyte solution, and liquid flow pressure difference which is required by flowing of the electrolyte solution is effectively reduced; and moreover, when flowing in the flow guide channel, the electrolyte solution uniformly permeates through the porous electrodes at two sides of the flow guide channel, the uniformity of flowing of liquid flow is improved, concentration polarization caused by non-uniform flowing of the electrolyte solution is reduced, and the voltage efficiency of the liquid flow battery system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flow battery field, relate in particular to a kind of porous electrode and contain its flow battery, liquid stream battery stack and flow battery system.
Background technology
Vanadium redox battery is that a kind of vanadium ion electrolyte with different valence state carries out redox electrochemical reaction appts, can realize the mutual conversion between chemical energy and the electric energy efficiently.Such battery has long service life, and energy conversion efficiency is high, and fail safe is good, and advantages of environment protection can be used for the supporting extensive energy-storage system of wind power generation and photovoltaic generation, is one of electrical network peak load shifting, balanced loaded main selection.Therefore, vanadium redox battery becomes the emphasis that big capacity energy-storage battery is studied gradually in recent years.
Vanadium redox battery is respectively with vanadium ion V
2+/ V
3+And V
4+/ V
5+Both positive and negative polarity oxidation-reduction pair as battery; Both positive and negative polarity electrolyte is stored in respectively in two fluid reservoirs; Drive active electrolyte to reacting environment (battery pile) by acidproof liquor pump and be back to again and form the circulating fluid loop in the fluid reservoir, to realize charge and discharge process.In the vanadium redox battery energy-storage system, the quality of stack performance is determining the charge-discharge performance of whole system, especially discharges and recharges power and efficient.Battery pile is to be stacked successively by the multi-disc monocell to compress, and is in series.Wherein, the composition of monolithic flow battery is as shown in Figure 1.1 is liquid flow frame, and 2 is collector plate, and 3 is porous electrode, and 4 is barrier film, and each assembly is formed the flow battery of monolithic, forms battery pile 6 through piling up of N flow battery.As shown in Figure 2, by battery pile 6, anodal fluid reservoir 71, negative pole fluid reservoir 72, anodal circulation fluid road liquor pump 81, negative pole circulation fluid road liquor pump 82, and anodal liquid line 91,101 and negative pole liquid line 92,102 formation flow battery systems.
The general infiltration mass transfer that leans on porous electrode that flows of existing liquid stream battery stack electrolyte inside, this electrolyte flow mode cause the interior flow pressure reduction of battery pile very big on the one hand, the pump exorbitant expenditure, thus the flow battery system effectiveness is reduced; On the other hand, that the battery pile electrolyte inside flows is inhomogeneous, concentration polarization is bigger, causes the pile internal loss, thereby the voltage efficiency of battery is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of porous electrode and contain its flow battery, liquid stream battery stack and flow battery system, it is big to be used to solve in the liquid stream battery stack of the prior art flow pressure reduction, the uneven problem of electrolyte flow.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of porous electrode is provided, has been provided with the moving flow-guiding channel of electrolysis flow in the porous electrode, flow-guiding channel connects on the thickness direction of porous electrode.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel is along the horizontal flow-guiding channel of horizontal expansion or the vertical flow-guiding channel that extends longitudinally.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel is one or more.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel is one, and flow-guiding channel is arranged on the center line of porous electrode.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel is a plurality of, and the arrangement mode of flow-guiding channel is: A, each flow-guiding channel laterally arrange, and the two ends of each flow-guiding channel are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical porous electrode of flow-guiding channel bearing of trend; Perhaps B, each flow-guiding channel laterally arrange, and adjacent flow-guiding channel is staggered arranges; Perhaps C, flow-guiding channel are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange, and comprise a plurality of flow-guiding channels in the flow-guiding channel group, and flow-guiding channel is staggered in the adjacent flow-guiding channel group arranges; Perhaps D, flow-guiding channel are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange, and comprise a plurality of flow-guiding channels in the flow-guiding channel group, and staggered arranging between each flow-guiding channel in each flow-guiding channel group.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to first flow-guiding channel, and first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel are not communicated with.
Further, above-mentioned first flow-guiding channel is one or more, and second flow-guiding channel is one or more.
Further; The arrangement mode of above-mentioned flow-guiding channel is: E, porous electrode are provided with a plurality of first flow-guiding channels; And these a plurality of first flow-guiding channels are divided into a plurality of first flow-guiding channel groups; At least one the second flow-guiding channels are set between adjacent two first flow-guiding channel groups, comprise a plurality of first flow-guiding channels that laterally arrange in each first flow-guiding channel group, and the first adjacent flow-guiding channel is staggered arranges; Perhaps F, porous electrode are provided with one or more " T " font flow-guiding channel group; " T " font flow-guiding channel group comprises one first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel towards this first flow-guiding channel middle part; Second flow-guiding channel in " T " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with first flow-guiding channel; When " T " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, in two adjacent " T " font flow-guiding channel groups, two second flow-guiding channels are parallel to each other; Two first flow-guiding channels are positioned at the difference end of corresponding second flow-guiding channel, and each adjacent " T " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other; Perhaps G, porous electrode are provided with one or more " I " font flow-guiding channel group; " I " font flow-guiding channel group comprises that parallel two first flow-guiding channels that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards one second flow-guiding channel at two first flow-guiding channels middle parts; Second flow-guiding channel is not communicated with first flow-guiding channel; When " I " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each " I " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.
Further, above-mentioned flow-guiding channel comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to first flow-guiding channel, and first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel are connected.
Further; The arrangement mode of above-mentioned flow-guiding channel comprises: H, porous electrode are provided with one or more " Z " font flow-guiding channel group; " Z " font flow-guiding channel group comprises two first flow-guiding channels and one second flow-guiding channel; Two first flow-guiding channels are separately positioned on the both sides of second flow-guiding channel; And two first flow-guiding channels respectively with second flow-guiding channel on different ends be connected, when " Z " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each " Z " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.
Further; Above-mentioned porous electrode is rectangular; Comprise that relative first side is with the second side and be connected the first side and relative the 3rd side and the four side of second side; The forming towards the outside of the 3rd side protruding first towards an end of first side and isolate projection of the 3rd side, the end towards the second side of four side form towards the outside of four side protruding second and isolate projection.
According to a further aspect in the invention; A kind of flow battery also is provided, has comprised liquid flow frame, collector plate, porous electrode and barrier film, porous electrode is embedded in the cavity of liquid flow frame; Collector plate fits in a side of porous electrode; Barrier film fits in the side of porous electrode away from collector plate, has inlet and the liquid outlet that porous electrode is gone into or flowed out to the electrolysis flow in two frames of liquid flow frame opposing parallel, has laterally first transverse flow channels of circulation of electrolysis liquid between inlet and the porous electrode; Have laterally second transverse flow channels of circulation of electrolysis liquid between liquid outlet and the porous electrode, this porous electrode is above-mentioned porous electrode; Perhaps porous electrode comprises at least two porous electrode pieces that are fitted on the collector plate, forms the first horizontal flow-guiding channel between the adjacent porous electrode piece, and the first horizontal flow-guiding channel connects on the thickness direction of porous electrode.
Further, the above-mentioned first horizontal flow-guiding channel is parallel with second transverse flow channels with first transverse flow channels, and the length of the first horizontal flow-guiding channel is identical with the transverse width of porous electrode.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of liquid stream battery stack is provided also, has comprised at least one flow battery, this flow battery is above-mentioned flow battery.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of flow battery system is provided also, has comprised at least one flow battery, this flow battery is above-mentioned flow battery.
The present invention has the logical flow-guiding channel of electrolysis flow in the porous electrode set inside, and electrolyte has reduced the liquid flowing resistance that porous electrode causes electrolyte flow under the guide functions of flow-guiding channel, reduced the required flow pressure reduction of electrolyte flow effectively; And when electrolyte flowed in flow-guiding channel, uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode of flow-guiding channel both sides had improved the homogeneity that flow flows, and has reduced the concentration polarization that causes because of the electrolyte flow inequality, improves the voltage efficiency of flow battery system.
Except top described purpose, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other purpose, feature and advantage.To do further detailed explanation to the present invention with reference to figure below.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing constitute this specification a part, be used for further understanding the present invention, accompanying drawing shows the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is used for explaining principle of the present invention with specification.Among the figure:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of liquid stream battery stack of the prior art;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of flow battery of the prior art system;
Fig. 3 shows porous electrode and collector plate combined planar structural representation;
Fig. 4 a shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 b shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 a shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to fourth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 b shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to sixth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to seventh embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to eighth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to nineth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to tenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to eleventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 13 shows the porous electrode planar structure sketch map according to twelveth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 14 shows the part-structure sketch map according to the flow battery of thriteenth embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 15 shows the part-structure sketch map according to the flow battery of fourteenth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below; Technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention is carried out detailed explanation; But following embodiment and accompanying drawing only are in order to understand the present invention; And can not limit the present invention, the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
For the ease of statement; The present invention is defined as horizontal frame with the inlet of liquid flow frame and the frame at liquid outlet place; Be defined as vertical frame with the frame of horizontal frame perpendicular, and then the porous electrode that is embedded in this liquid flow frame is defined as laterally with the horizontal parallel direction of frame; The direction parallel with vertical frame is defined as vertically, and be as shown in Figure 3.But horizontal frame of the present invention can not be confined to direction shown in Figure 3 with vertical frame, and the scheme identical with technical scheme essence of the present invention with the invention belongs to same inventive concept is all within protection scope of the present invention.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the present invention, a kind of porous electrode is provided, be provided with the moving flow-guiding channel 31 of electrolysis flow in this porous electrode 3, flow-guiding channel 31 connects on the thickness direction of porous electrode 3.
The present invention has the logical flow-guiding channel 31 of electrolysis flow in porous electrode 3 set inside; Electrolyte is under the guide functions of flow-guiding channel 31; Reduced the liquid flowing resistance that 3 pairs of electrolyte flow of porous electrode cause; Reduce the required flow pressure reduction of electrolyte flow effectively, thereby reduced the pump consumption of flow battery system, improved the energy efficiency of flow battery system; And when electrolyte flowed in flow-guiding channel 31, uniformly penetrating in the porous electrode 3 of flow-guiding channel 31 both sides had improved the homogeneity that flow flows, and has reduced the concentration polarization that causes because of the electrolyte flow inequality, improves the voltage efficiency of flow battery system.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, flow-guiding channel 31 is along the horizontal flow-guiding channel of horizontal expansion or the vertical flow-guiding channel that extends longitudinally.Flow-guiding channel 31 perhaps extends longitudinally along horizontal expansion; The uniform flow pressure that on the contact-making surface of flow-guiding channel 31 and porous electrode 3, forms; Thereby be delivered to the position that flow-guiding channel 31 is not set in the porous electrode 3 and also can form flow pressure relatively uniformly, make porous electrode 3 inner flows realize evenly flowing.
The flow-guiding channel 31 of porous electrode 3 of the present invention is one or more.The purpose of design flow-guiding channel 31 is to reduce porous electrode 3 inside to the drag effect of electrolyte and realize the guide functions to electrolyte on porous electrode 3; Therefore, thus no matter the number of flow-guiding channel 31 is that the still a plurality of guide functions that can play electrolyte realize the effect that electrolyte flows at porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous.
When flow-guiding channel 31 was one, flow-guiding channel 31 was arranged on the center line of porous electrode 3.When a flow-guiding channel 31 is set on the center line of porous electrode 3; This flow-guiding channel 31 can be arranged on the cross central line; First embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a; Also can be arranged on the longitudinal centre line, second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 b, the porous electrode 3 inner electrolyte that are distributed in flow-guiding channel 31 both sides can be realized evenly flowing under the homogeneous pressure of the electrolyte of flow-guiding channel 31 inside.
When the flow-guiding channel in the porous electrode 3 31 when being a plurality of, the arrangement mode of flow-guiding channel 31 is: A, each flow-guiding channel 31 laterally arrange, and the two ends of each flow-guiding channel 31 are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical porous electrode 3 of flow-guiding channel 31 bearing of trends.The 3rd embodiment as shown in Figure 5; Flow-guiding channel 31 is arranged with arrangement mode A; The spacing of two adjacent flow-guiding channels 31 can equate also can be different; When the direction that vertically flows along electrolyte when the spacing of adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 reduces; The volume in porous electrode between the flow-guiding channel 31 zone also reduces along same direction, has therefore more effectively avoided slowing down along with the flow velocity of the prolongation electrolyte of electrolyte flow route, causes the problem that liquid pressure diminishes, electrolyte flow rate further reduces that the porous electrode zone is produced.Adopt arrangement mode A; Electrolyte in the flow-guiding channel 31 produces pressure relatively uniformly to its porous electrode that will flow through zone; Thereby electrolyte homogeneous in porous electrode 3 is flowed, and flow-guiding channel 31 not only can be arranged with the mode of the horizontal expansion shown in Fig. 5, also can arrange with the mode of longitudinal extension; And the spacing of adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 can equate also can be unequal, the spacing of preferred adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow.
When the flow-guiding channel in the porous electrode 3 31 when being a plurality of, the arrangement mode of flow-guiding channel 31 can also for: B, each flow-guiding channel 31 laterally arrange, and adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 staggered arranging.The 4th embodiment shown in Fig. 6 a; The flow-guiding channel 31 of horizontal expansion interlocks with arrangement mode B and arranges; The spacing of adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 can equate also can be unequal, and the spacing of preferred adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 reduces along the direction that electrolyte vertically flows, and the 5th embodiment shown in Fig. 6 b; The flow-guiding channel 31 of longitudinal extension interlocks with arrangement mode B and arranges; The spacing of adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 can equate also can be unequal, and the spacing of preferred adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 reduces along the direction of electrolyte lateral flow, can make between the adjacent flow-guiding channel 31 electrolyte flow is produced certain pressure; Under the comprehensive function of adjacent flow-guiding channel 31, make electrolyte homogeneous in porous electrode 3 flow.
When the flow-guiding channel in the porous electrode 3 31 when being a plurality of; The arrangement mode of flow-guiding channel 31 can also for: C, flow-guiding channel 31 are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange; Comprise a plurality of flow-guiding channels 31 in the flow-guiding channel group, and flow-guiding channel 31 staggered arranging in the adjacent flow-guiding channel group.The 6th embodiment as shown in Figure 7; The flow-guiding channel 31 of horizontal expansion is arranged with arrangement mode C; Combine the advantage of arrangement mode A and B, therefore, flow-guiding channel 31 is provided with above-mentioned arrangement mode C and has reduced the required flow pressure reduction of electrolyte flow and flow at the porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous of realizing.
When the flow-guiding channel in the porous electrode 3 31 when being a plurality of; The arrangement mode of flow-guiding channel 31 can also for: D, flow-guiding channel 31 are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange; Comprise a plurality of flow-guiding channels 31 in the flow-guiding channel group, and staggered arranging between each flow-guiding channel 31 in each flow-guiding channel group.The 7th embodiment as shown in Figure 8 also can realize the technique effect with arrangement mode as shown in Figure 7 when the flow-guiding channel 31 of longitudinal extension is arranged with arrangement mode D.
In the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, flow-guiding channel 31 comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to first flow-guiding channel, and first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel are not communicated with.The flow-guiding channel 31 of horizontal expansion and the flow-guiding channel 31 of longitudinal extension are comprehensively arranged; Both realized electrolyte laterally with vertically circulating in flow-guiding channel 31; And; Make electrolyte more even, better realized the effect that electrolyte flows at porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous at the porous electrode 3 inner flow pressure that produce.
First flow-guiding channel of the foregoing description is one or more, and second flow-guiding channel is one or more.When flow-guiding channel is the combined flow channel of first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel; The number of first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel can be selected according to the concrete design of flow-guiding channel, thereby no matter the number of flow-guiding channel is that the still a plurality of guide functions that can play electrolyte realize the effect that electrolyte flows at porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous.
The arrangement mode of the flow-guiding channel 31 in the porous electrode 3 of the present invention is: E, porous electrode 3 are provided with a plurality of first flow-guiding channels; And these a plurality of first flow-guiding channels are divided into a plurality of first flow-guiding channel groups; At least one the second flow-guiding channels are set between adjacent two first flow-guiding channel groups; Comprise a plurality of first flow-guiding channels that laterally arrange in each first flow-guiding channel group, and adjacent first flow-guiding channel, 31 staggered arranging.The 8th embodiment as shown in Figure 9; Flow-guiding channel 31 is arranged with arrangement mode E; Second flow-guiding channel of horizontal expansion is divided into uniform several porous electrodes zone with porous electrode; The parallel distribution of first flow-guiding channel of the longitudinal extension that each porous electrode intra-zone is provided with; And interlaced arranging forms the electrolysis liquid homogeneous zonule of flowing better like this in each porous electrode zone, and these zonules combine and just obtain an inside and have electrolyte homogeneous distributed porous electrode 3; When the second flow-guiding channel longitudinal extension in making Fig. 9 and the first flow-guiding channel horizontal expansion, can realize that also above-mentioned electrolyte distributes at porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous.
The arrangement mode of the flow-guiding channel 31 in the porous electrode 3 of the present invention can also for: F, porous electrode 3 are provided with one or more " T " font flow-guiding channel group; " T " font flow-guiding channel group comprises one first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel towards this first flow-guiding channel middle part; Second flow-guiding channel is not communicated with first flow-guiding channel; When " T " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of; Two second flow-guiding channels are parallel to each other in two adjacent " T " font flow-guiding channel groups, and two first flow-guiding channels are positioned at the difference end of corresponding second flow-guiding channel, and each adjacent " T " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.When flow-guiding channel 31 is arranged with arrangement mode F; In the 9th embodiment shown in figure 10; " T " font can with just " T " shown in figure 10 font with fall " T " font cross arrangement, in addition, " T " font also can be all arranged also with " T " font just and can be all arranged to fall " T " font; And first flow-guiding channel of each " T " font and the spacing distance between second flow-guiding channel can be the same or different.Flow pressure homogeneous around " T " font, and the number of " T " font is many more, the flow-guiding channel of porous electrode 3 inside is many more, and the resistance that electrolyte flow receives in porous electrode 3 is more little, the effect that more is prone to realize homogeneous of electrolyte.
The arrangement mode of the flow-guiding channel 31 in the porous electrode 3 of the present invention can also for: G, porous electrode 3 are provided with one or more " I " font flow-guiding channel group; " I " font flow-guiding channel group comprises that two parallel two first flow-guiding channels that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards one second flow-guiding channel at two first flow-guiding channels middle parts; Second flow-guiding channel is not communicated with first flow-guiding channel; When " I " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each " I " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.When flow-guiding channel 31 was arranged with arrangement mode G, in the tenth embodiment shown in figure 11, " I " font distributed by shown in Figure 11; Flow pressure homogeneous around " I " font; And the number of " I " font is many more, and the flow-guiding channel of porous electrode 3 inside is many more; The resistance that electrolyte flow receives in porous electrode 3 is more little, the effect that more is prone to realize homogeneous of electrolyte.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, flow-guiding channel 31 comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to first flow-guiding channel, and first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel are connected.The flow-guiding channel 31 of horizontal expansion and the flow-guiding channel 31 of longitudinal extension are comprehensively arranged; Both realized electrolyte laterally with vertically circulating in flow-guiding channel 31; And first flow-guiding channel and second flow-guiding channel be connected and strengthened the flowability of electrolyte in flow-guiding channel 31; Make electrolyte more even, better realized the effect that electrolyte flows at porous electrode 3 inner homogeneous at the porous electrode 3 inner flow pressure that produce.
The arrangement mode of the flow-guiding channel 31 in the porous electrode 3 of the present invention comprises: H, porous electrode 3 are provided with one or more " Z " font flow-guiding channel group; " Z " font flow-guiding channel group comprises two first flow-guiding channels and one second flow-guiding channel; Two first flow-guiding channels are separately positioned on the both sides of second flow-guiding channel; And two first flow-guiding channels respectively with second flow-guiding channel on different ends be connected; When " Z " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each " Z " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.In the 11 embodiment that the flow-guiding channel in the porous electrode 3 is set shown in Figure 12; Electrolyte flows in the stream that " Z " font forms, to the pressure of the generation of the flow around this " Z " font homogeneous, and; The number of " Z " font is many more; The flow-guiding channel of porous electrode 3 inside is many more, and the resistance that electrolyte flow receives in porous electrode 3 is more little, the easier effect that realizes that homogeneous flows of electrolyte.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention; Porous electrode of the present invention 3 is rectangular; Comprise that relative first side is with the second side and be connected the first side and relative the 3rd side and the four side of second side; End towards the second side of the first isolation projection, 35, the four sides that the end formation towards the first side of the 3rd side is protruding towards the outside of the 3rd side forms the second isolation projection 36 protruding towards the outside of four side.The 12 embodiment shown in figure 13; Left hand edge at porous electrode 3 is provided with the first isolation projection 35; Right hand edge at porous electrode 3 is provided with the second isolation projection 36; Thereby make of the horizontal and vertical common infiltration of the electrolyte of preparatory inflow porous electrode 3, make the homogeneity of the inner electrolyte of porous electrode 3 better from porous electrode 3.
In the another kind of typical embodiment of the present invention; A kind of flow battery also is provided; Comprise liquid flow frame 1, collector plate 2, porous electrode 3 and barrier film 4, porous electrode 3 is embedded in the cavity of liquid flow frame 1, and collector plate 2 fits in a side of porous electrode 3; Barrier film 4 fits in the side of porous electrode 3 away from collector plate 2; Have the electrolysis flow in two frames of liquid flow frame 1 opposing parallel and go into or flow out the inlet 12 and liquid outlet 13 of porous electrode 3, have laterally first transverse flow channels 32 of circulation of electrolysis liquid between inlet 12 and the porous electrode 3, have laterally second transverse flow channels 33 of circulation of electrolysis liquid between liquid outlet 13 and the porous electrode 3; Porous electrode 3 is a porous electrode 3 of the present invention, the 13 embodiment shown in figure 14; Perhaps porous electrode 3 comprises at least two porous electrode pieces 30 that are fitted on the collector plate 2; Form the first horizontal flow-guiding channel 34 between the adjacent porous electrode piece 30; The first horizontal flow-guiding channel 34 connects the 14 embodiment shown in figure 15 on the thickness direction of porous electrode 3.
Porous electrode of the present invention 3 inside have electrolysis the flow logical flow-guiding channel 31 or the first horizontal flow-guiding channel 34, have improved the homogeneity that porous electrode 3 electrolyte inside flow, and have reduced concentration polarization, have improved the efficient of flow battery.
The first horizontal flow-guiding channel 34 that above-mentioned porous electrode piece 30 forms is parallel with second transverse flow channels 33 with first transverse flow channels 32, and the length of the first horizontal flow-guiding channel 34 is identical with the transverse width of porous electrode 3.Porous electrode piece 30 formed first horizontal flow-guiding channels also can be realized the effect identical with flow-guiding channel 3, and are made up of two adjacent porous electrode pieces 30, and compound mode is simple, are easy to realize.
In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a kind of liquid stream battery stack and a kind of flow battery system also are provided, comprise at least one flow battery, flow battery is a flow battery of the present invention.Realized at flow battery of the present invention having reduced the pressure reduction of the battery pile of forming by flow battery, and then having reduced the consumption of liquor pump on the basis of the homogeneity that porous electrode 3 electrolyte inside flow, improved the efficient of flow battery system.
More than be merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a porous electrode is characterized in that, is provided with the moving flow-guiding channel (31) of electrolysis flow in the said porous electrode (3), and said flow-guiding channel (31) connects on the thickness direction of said porous electrode (3).
2. porous electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said flow-guiding channel (31) is along the horizontal flow-guiding channel of horizontal expansion or the vertical flow-guiding channel that extends longitudinally.
3. porous electrode according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said flow-guiding channel (31) is one or more.
4. porous electrode according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said flow-guiding channel (31) is one, and said flow-guiding channel (31) is arranged on the center line of said porous electrode (3).
5. porous electrode according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said flow-guiding channel (31) is a plurality of, and the arrangement mode of said flow-guiding channel (31) is:
A, each said flow-guiding channel (31) laterally arrange, and the two ends of each said flow-guiding channel (31) are to identical with the distance at the edge of the vertical said porous electrode (3) of said flow-guiding channel (31) bearing of trend; Perhaps
B, each said flow-guiding channel (31) laterally arrange, and adjacent said flow-guiding channel (31) is staggered arranges; Perhaps
C, said flow-guiding channel (31) are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange, and comprise a plurality of said flow-guiding channels (31) in the said flow-guiding channel group, and flow-guiding channel (31) described in the adjacent said flow-guiding channel group is staggered arranges; Perhaps
D, said flow-guiding channel (31) are divided into a plurality of flow-guiding channel groups that laterally arrange, and comprise a plurality of said flow-guiding channels (31) in the said flow-guiding channel group, and staggered arranging between each the said flow-guiding channel (31) in each said flow-guiding channel group.
6. porous electrode according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said flow-guiding channel (31) comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to said first flow-guiding channel, and said first flow-guiding channel and said second flow-guiding channel are not communicated with.
7. porous electrode according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said first flow-guiding channel is one or more, and said second flow-guiding channel is one or more.
8. porous electrode according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of said flow-guiding channel (31) is:
E, said porous electrode (3) are provided with a plurality of first flow-guiding channels; And these a plurality of first flow-guiding channels are divided into a plurality of first flow-guiding channel groups; At least one said second flow-guiding channel is set between adjacent two first flow-guiding channel groups; Comprise a plurality of first flow-guiding channels that laterally arrange in each first flow-guiding channel group, and adjacent said first flow-guiding channel is staggered arranges; Perhaps
F, said porous electrode (3) are provided with one or more " T " font flow-guiding channel group; Said " T " font flow-guiding channel group comprises said first flow-guiding channel and said second flow-guiding channel towards this first flow-guiding channel middle part; Said second flow-guiding channel in said " T " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with said first flow-guiding channel; When said " T " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of; In two adjacent said " T " font flow-guiding channel groups; Two second flow-guiding channels are parallel to each other, and two first flow-guiding channels are positioned at the difference end of corresponding second flow-guiding channel, and each adjacent said " T " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other; Perhaps
G, said porous electrode (3) are provided with one or more " I " font flow-guiding channel group; Said " I " font flow-guiding channel group comprises that parallel two first flow-guiding channels that are oppositely arranged and two ends are respectively towards said second flow-guiding channel at said two first flow-guiding channels middle part; Said second flow-guiding channel is not communicated with said first flow-guiding channel; When said " I " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each said " I " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.
9. porous electrode according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said flow-guiding channel (31) comprises edge horizontal or first flow-guiding channel of longitudinal extension and second flow-guiding channel that extends along the bearing of trend perpendicular to said first flow-guiding channel, and said first flow-guiding channel and said second flow-guiding channel are connected.
10. porous electrode according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of said flow-guiding channel (31) comprising:
H, said porous electrode (3) are provided with one or more " Z " font flow-guiding channel group; Said " Z " font flow-guiding channel group comprises two first flow-guiding channels and one second flow-guiding channel; Two said first flow-guiding channels are separately positioned on the both sides of second flow-guiding channel; And two said first flow-guiding channels respectively with said second flow-guiding channel on different ends be connected; When said " Z " font flow-guiding channel group when being a plurality of, and each said " Z " font flow-guiding channel group is not communicated with each other.
11. according to each described porous electrode in the claim 1 to 10; It is characterized in that; Said porous electrode (3) is rectangular; Comprise relative first side and second side and relative the 3rd side and the four side that are connected said first side and second side; The forming towards the outside of the 3rd side protruding first towards an end of first side and isolate projection (35) of said the 3rd side, the end towards the second side of said four side form towards the outside of four side protruding second and isolate projection (36).
12. flow battery; Comprise liquid flow frame (1), collector plate (2), porous electrode (3) and barrier film (4); Said porous electrode (3) is embedded in the cavity of said liquid flow frame (1); Said collector plate (2) fits in a side of said porous electrode (3), and said barrier film (4) fits in the side of said porous electrode (3) away from said collector plate (2), has the electrolysis flow in two frames of said liquid flow frame (1) opposing parallel and goes into or flow out inlet of said porous electrode (3) (12) and liquid outlet (13); It is characterized in that; Have laterally first transverse flow channels (32) of circulation of electrolysis liquid between said inlet (12) and the said porous electrode (3), have laterally second transverse flow channels (33) of circulation of electrolysis liquid between said liquid outlet (13) and the said porous electrode (3)
Said porous electrode (3) is each described porous electrode (3) in the claim 1 to 11; Perhaps
Said porous electrode (3) comprises at least two the porous electrode pieces (30) that are fitted on the said collector plate (2); Form the first horizontal flow-guiding channel (34) between the adjacent said porous electrode piece (30), the said first horizontal flow-guiding channel (34) connects on the thickness direction of said porous electrode (3).
13. flow battery according to claim 12; It is characterized in that; The said first horizontal flow-guiding channel (34) is parallel with said second transverse flow channels (33) with said first transverse flow channels (32), and the length of the said first horizontal flow-guiding channel (34) is identical with the transverse width of said porous electrode (3).
14. a liquid stream battery stack comprises at least one flow battery, it is characterized in that, said flow battery is claim 12 or 13 described flow batteries.
15. a flow battery system comprises at least one flow battery, it is characterized in that, said flow battery is claim 12 or 13 described flow batteries.
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| CN103137983A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-05 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Porous electrode group, liquid flow half-cell and liquid flow cell stack |
| CN105514459A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Mono-trapezoid flow battery, poly-trapezoid flow battery and electric pile thereof |
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| CN114864882A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆宏辰科扬能源有限责任公司 | Cylindrical bipolar high-voltage nickel-metal hydride battery |
| CN114864882B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-03-07 | 重庆宏辰科扬能源有限责任公司 | Cylindrical bipolar high-voltage nickel-metal hydride battery |
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