CN103134462B - tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103134462B CN103134462B CN201310044695.9A CN201310044695A CN103134462B CN 103134462 B CN103134462 B CN 103134462B CN 201310044695 A CN201310044695 A CN 201310044695A CN 103134462 B CN103134462 B CN 103134462B
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Abstract
A kind of tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method, described monitoring system includes angle measurement unit, angle measurement unit lays pipe by deviational survey unit and deviational survey unit forms, described deviational survey unit is laid in the country rock that pipe is plugged in outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and deviational survey unit to lay pipe parallel with the tunnel that plan is excavated; All deviational survey unit that described deviational survey unit is laid in pipe are connected with signal processor signal by data line, and signal processor is connected with terminal signaling again; Described signal processor includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, load module and output module.This monitoring system and monitoring method can measure the vertical deformation values of the arch country rock of the diverse location of tunnel tunnel face front and horizontal direction deformation values and the surrouding rock deformation close variation tendency with face, can to the surrouding rock deformation of the front of tunnel heading in tunnel carry out real-time continuous automatically monitor and fructufy by monitoring time be sent to terminal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and be a kind ofly applied in tunnel deformation monitoring device in constructing tunnel and monitoring method.
Background technology
The deformation measurement in current tunnel is generally carry out at the face rear in tunnel, the main cunicular vault sinking distortion of the content measured and convergent deformation, can convergent deformation be referred to as, measure and substantially adopt manual measurement, in recent years also have modes such as adopting the imaging of optics autoscan to measure.
The tunnel excavation method such as " new meaning method " of developed recently is thought, the deflection of the front of tunnel heading in tunnel has certain quantitative relationship with the deflection at the face rear in tunnel, if the change curve (i.e. tunnel arch surrouding rock deformation curve) that close on of surrouding rock deformation along with face of front of tunnel heading that is can accurately be measured, just can analyze the total deformation at degree of stability and the face rear judging face, thus corresponding measure just can be taked to ensure tunnel safe construction under certain cost.But how to obtain the change curve that close on of surrouding rock deformation along with face of front of tunnel heading, also there is no good way so far.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method, when solve tunnel excavation, the surrouding rock deformation of bad acquisition front of tunnel heading is along with the technical matters of the change curve closed on of face.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system, include angle measurement unit, it is characterized in that: the deviational survey unit that described angle measurement unit is all sealed by two ends is laid pipe and axially spaced-apart and is fixed on the deviational survey unit that deviational survey unit lays in pipe and forms; Described deviational survey unit is laid in the country rock that pipe is plugged in outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and deviational survey unit to lay pipe parallel with the tunnel axis that plan is excavated; All deviational survey unit that described deviational survey unit is laid in pipe are connected with signal processor signal by data line, and signal processor is connected with terminal signaling again.
Described signal processor includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, load module and output module, wherein load module receives by data line the vertical angle value and horizontal direction angle value that deviational survey unit sends, vertical angle value next for load module reception and horizontal direction angle value are treated to net result by storer by CPU, and output module sends net result to terminal.
Described output module can be wired output module or/and wireless output module.
Described wireless output module can be GPRS module, WIFI module or 3G module.
Described deviational survey unit includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, A/D converter, angular transducer and output module, wherein angular transducer Real-Time Monitoring under the control of cpu, and the vertical angle value that angular transducer monitors and horizontal direction angle value reach storer by A/D converter and CPU, and the vertical angle value stored in storer and horizontal direction angle value are reached signal processor by output module by CPU again.
Described deviational survey unit is laid pipe and be can be plastic tube or steel pipe.
Described terminal can be mobile phone, computer or Internet Server.
A kind of tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring method applying above-mentioned tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system, it is characterized in that step is as follows: step one, before tunnel excavation, set the deformation monitoring hole opposing parallel with the tunnel axis intending excavating by the country rock of construction requirement outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, the angle measurement unit in tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system is inserted in deformation monitoring hole.Step 2, by data line, deviational survey unit to be connected with signal processor, by power lead, signal processor to be connected with external external power supply.Step 3, the angle that all deviational survey unit are measured first is set to zero.Step 4, in tunnel excavation process, deviational survey unit carries out Real-Time Monitoring to the country rock outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and the vertical angle value real-time monitored and horizontal direction angle value are sent to signal processor, and signal processor is according to formula
calculate
, according to formula
calculate
, and signal processor will
with
be sent to terminal, described in
during for being positioned at the position residing for N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, face, the vertical deformation values of the arch country rock at face place, described in
during for being positioned at the position residing for N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, face, the horizontal direction deformation values of the arch country rock at face place, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, a N+X deviational survey unit, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, a N+X deviational survey unit, described N is along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described X is X the deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, front of tunnel heading, and described L is the spacing between deviational survey unit.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect: the deviational survey unit that present invention utilizes fixed position lays pipe and deviational survey unit, can measure the vertical deformation values of the arch country rock of the diverse location of tunnel tunnel face front, horizontal direction deformation values and the surrouding rock deformation close variation tendency with face.The present invention also uses signal processor, can to the surrouding rock deformation of the front of tunnel heading in tunnel carry out real-time continuous automatically monitor and fructufy by monitoring time be sent to terminal for technician.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the module diagram of deviational survey unit.
Fig. 3 is the module diagram of signal processor and deviational survey unit matching.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that angle measurement unit is inserted in country rock.
Fig. 5 is the distribution schematic diagram of angle measurement unit.
Reference numeral: 1-deviational survey unit lays pipe, 2-deviational survey unit, 3-data line, 4-tunnel, 5-face, 6-signal processor, 7-terminal, 8-external power supply, 9-power lead, 10-tunnel, and excavation part, 11-tunnel do not excavate part, 12-reference zero.
Embodiment
Embodiment is see shown in Fig. 1-5, and this tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system, includes angle measurement unit.The deviational survey unit that angle measurement unit is all sealed by two ends is laid pipe 1 and axially spaced-apart and is fixed on the deviational survey unit 2 that deviational survey unit lays in pipe and forms.
Described deviational survey unit is laid in the country rock that pipe 1 is plugged in outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and deviational survey unit lays pipe 1 and tunnel 4 axis being parallel intending excavating.Deviational survey unit lays pipe 1 for plastic tube or steel pipe.In the present embodiment, deviational survey unit lay pipe 1 outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel in country rock interval be inserted with 3, in other embodiments, also can only plug 1, or interval plugs 2,4,5 or more.
All deviational survey unit 2 that described deviational survey unit is laid in pipe 1 are connected with signal processor 6 signal by data line 3, and signal processor 6 is connected with terminal 7 signal again.Terminal 7 can be mobile phone, computer or Internet Server etc.
Described signal processor 6 includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, load module (i.e. multi-user's incoming traffic serial ports) and output module, wherein load module receives by data line 3 the vertical angle value and horizontal direction angle value that deviational survey unit 2 sends, vertical angle value next for load module reception and horizontal direction angle value are treated to net result by storer by CPU, and output module sends net result to terminal 7.
In the present embodiment, output module is made up of wired output module (i.e. outputting communication serial ports) and GPRS module, and namely signal processor 6 had both been provided with wired output module, was provided with again wireless output module.During use, signal processor 6 both can be connected with terminal 7 signal by wired output module (being namely connected with terminal 7 signal by the mode of restricted communication), also can be connected with terminal 7 signal by GPRS module (being namely connected with terminal 7 signal by the mode of wireless telecommunications), that is, signal processor 6 can select wireless telecommunications or restricted communication to be connected with terminal 7 signal according to actual conditions.
In other embodiments, the wireless output module such as WIFI module or 3G module also can be adopted to replace GPRS module.
In other embodiments, signal processor 6 can also be that light is provided with wired output module or light is provided with wireless output module.
Described deviational survey unit 2 includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, A/D converter, angular transducer and output module, wherein angular transducer Real-Time Monitoring under the control of cpu, and the vertical angle value that angular transducer monitors and horizontal direction angle value reach storer by A/D converter and CPU, and the vertical angle value stored in storer and horizontal direction angle value are reached signal processor 6 by output module by CPU again.
The present invention is after tunnel excavation certain depth, and the distortion at face rear also can record in real time, the intensity that this kind of deformation energy reflection tunnel protects.After tunnel excavation completes, this sensor still can react the deformation in tunnel.
Generally, during tunnel excavation, front of tunnel heading deformation range is within 2-3 times of distance of tunnel height.
Multiple deviational survey unit in the present invention can carry out deformation observation to the deformation monitoring hole that this deviational survey unit lays pipe 1 place.Specifically, deviational survey unit can (usual 1-3 rice) be arranged at regular intervals, be out of shape due to surrounding soil can be caused during tunnel excavation, so closing on along with face in digging process, the general front of tunnel heading soil body can produce increasing distortion, deviational survey unit can observe that front of tunnel heading arch country rock or other positions are with space or time deformation situation, stability for front of tunnel heading does quantitative judgement, that is, deviational survey unit can measure the deflection of the diverse location of tunnel tunnel face front and the distortion close variation tendency with face.
All deviational survey unit 2 and signal processor 6 conbined usage, can uninterruptedly observe.Each deviational survey unit has respective data line to be connected to signal processor respectively, the signal received (i.e. the vertical angle value that measures of deviational survey unit and horizontal direction angle value) stores and processes by signal processor, then result is transferred in terminal 7 by wired or wireless, as most preferred embodiment, terminal 7 is Internet Servers, and such technician just can be grasped or checked by network at any time, analysis to measure data.Specifically, when tunnel excavation, the deviational survey point of deformation monitoring Kongzui front end is comparatively far away apart from excavated section, and excavate and almost do not affect it, its angle parameter does not also change substantially.Technician can using deviational survey point foremost as reference point, the result (namely simultaneously showing vertical deformation values and horizontal direction deformation values two values) shown by terminal 7 draws arch, tunnel surrouding rock deformation curve, analyze arch surrouding rock deformation situation, when the vertical deformation values of country rock is or/and when horizontal direction deformation values reaches early warning value, show in tunnel excavation process, country rock is unstable, needs to take reinforcement measure.
The tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring method of described application tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system, its step is as follows.
Step one, before tunnel excavation, set the deformation monitoring hole opposing parallel with the tunnel axis intending excavating by the country rock of construction requirement outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, the angle measurement unit in tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system is inserted in deformation monitoring hole.
Step 2, by data line 3, deviational survey unit 2 to be connected with signal processor 6, by power lead 9, signal processor 6 to be connected with external external power supply 8.
Step 3, the angle that all deviational survey unit are measured first is set to zero (namely hypothesis is straight line).
Step 4, in tunnel excavation process, deviational survey unit carries out Real-Time Monitoring to the country rock outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and the vertical angle value real-time monitored and horizontal direction angle value are sent to signal processor 6, and signal processor 6 is according to formula
calculate
, according to formula
calculate
, and signal processor 6 will
with
be sent to terminal 7, described in
during for being positioned at the position residing for N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, face, the vertical deformation values of the arch country rock at face place, described in
during for being positioned at the position residing for N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, face, the horizontal direction deformation values of the arch country rock at face place, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, a N+X deviational survey unit, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number, a N+X deviational survey unit, described N is along tunnel excavation direction number, N number of deviational survey unit, described X is X the deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number, front of tunnel heading, and described L is the spacing between deviational survey unit.
Illustrate: see Fig. 4, certain deviational survey unit is laid in pipe 1 and be have employed one group of deviational survey unit be made up of acceleration obliquity sensor ten, lays in pipe 1 by the deviational survey unit of having constructed of 3 meters of pitch arrangement in tunnel.If the tilt readings of ten deviational survey unit is respectively
,
,
,
,
,
...,
,
if, the tenth 3 meters, deviational survey unit front is reference zero 12, then the vertical deformation values of the arch country rock at face place is about H
five, the horizontal direction deformation values of the arch country rock at face place is about h
five,can be calculated as follows by the reading of the 5th deviational survey unit to the tenth deviational survey unit:
,
.
Claims (8)
1. a tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system, include angle measurement unit, it is characterized in that: the deviational survey unit that described angle measurement unit is all sealed by two ends is laid pipe (1) and axially spaced-apart and is fixed on the deviational survey unit (2) that deviational survey unit lays in pipe and forms; Described deviational survey unit is laid in the country rock that pipe (1) is plugged in outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and deviational survey unit lays pipe (1) and tunnel (4) axis being parallel intending excavating; All deviational survey unit (2) that described deviational survey unit is laid in pipe (1) are connected with signal processor (6) signal by data line (3), and signal processor (6) is connected with terminal (7) signal again.
2. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal processor (6) includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, load module and output module, wherein load module receives deviational survey unit (2) the vertical angle value sent and horizontal direction angle value by data line (3), load module is received next vertical angle value to CPU and horizontal direction angle value is treated to net result, and being stored in storer, net result is sent to terminal (7) by output module simultaneously.
3. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described output module is that wired output module is or/and wireless output module.
4. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described wireless output module is GPRS module, WIFI module or 3G module.
5. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deviational survey unit (2) includes CPU, power module, clock module, storer, A/D converter, angular transducer and output module, wherein angular transducer Real-Time Monitoring under the control of cpu, and the vertical angle value that angular transducer monitors and horizontal direction angle value reach storer by A/D converter and CPU, the vertical angle value stored in storer and horizontal direction angle value are reached signal processor (6) by output module by CPU again.
6. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described deviational survey unit lays pipe (1) for plastic tube or steel pipe.
7. tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described terminal (7) is mobile phone, computer or Internet Server.
8. apply a tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring method for the tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system in the claims 1 ~ 7 described in any one, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step one, before tunnel excavation, set the deformation monitoring hole opposing parallel with the tunnel axis intending excavating by the country rock of construction requirement outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, the angle measurement unit in tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system is inserted in deformation monitoring hole;
Step 2, by data line (3), deviational survey unit (2) to be connected with signal processor (6), by power lead (9), signal processor (6) to be connected with external power supply (8);
Step 3, the angle that all deviational survey unit are measured first is set to zero;
Step 4, in tunnel excavation process, deviational survey unit carries out Real-Time Monitoring to the country rock outside the excavation contour line of arch, tunnel, and the vertical angle value real-time monitored and horizontal direction angle value are sent to signal processor (6), signal processor (6) is according to formula
calculate
, according to formula
calculate
, and signal processor (6) will
with
be sent to terminal (7), described in
for being positioned at the vertical deformation values of arch country rock of N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction face, described in
for being positioned at the arch country rock horizontal direction deformation values of N number of deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction face, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along the N number of deviational survey unit of tunnel excavation direction number, described in
for the vertical angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number N+X deviational survey unit, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along the N number of deviational survey unit of tunnel excavation direction number, described in
for the horizontal direction angle value recorded along tunnel excavation direction number N+X deviational survey unit, described N is along the N number of deviational survey unit of tunnel excavation direction number, described X is X the deviational survey unit along tunnel excavation direction number front of tunnel heading, and described L is the spacing between deviational survey unit.
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| CN201310044695.9A CN103134462B (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method |
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| CN103471647B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2016-08-10 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of shield tunnel remote automation monitoring method |
| CN104612754B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-10-10 | 南京市测绘勘察研究院股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel structure deformation automatic monitoring data-acquisition system |
| CN107588750A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2018-01-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method suitable for deep tunnel face country rock overall process deformation monitoring |
| CN108398118A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-14 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence |
| CN110657777A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-07 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Wind tunnel body surcharge preloading deformation measurement process |
| CN112050776A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-08 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Shield tunnel surrounding rock deformation advanced monitoring structure and monitoring method |
| CN114061535B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-09-13 | 北京环安工程检测有限责任公司 | Subway tunnel automatic deformation monitoring method and device based on MEMS |
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| KR20050072213A (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-07-11 | 정광우 | Unit retrocession displacement measurement system and the measuring method of tunnel |
| CN102221334B (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2013-06-26 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method used in tunnel engineering for exactly measuring internal displacement of wall rock |
| CN102878975B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-02-10 | 南京基泰土木工程仪器有限公司 | A kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method |
| CN203116725U (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-08-07 | 北京首尔工程技术有限公司 | Tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system |
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