CN103133130B - 摆动活塞式内燃发动机 - Google Patents

摆动活塞式内燃发动机 Download PDF

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CN103133130B
CN103133130B CN201210335174.4A CN201210335174A CN103133130B CN 103133130 B CN103133130 B CN 103133130B CN 201210335174 A CN201210335174 A CN 201210335174A CN 103133130 B CN103133130 B CN 103133130B
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piston
combustion chamber
cylinder
engine
internal combustion
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CN103133130A (zh
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马和平
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F02B53/06—Valve control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/008—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for rotary or oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C9/00—Oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F01C9/002—Oscillating-piston machines or engines the piston oscillating around a fixed axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/14—Shapes or constructions of combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0061—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F04C15/0073—Couplings between rotors and input or output shafts acting by interengaging or mating parts, i.e. positive coupling of rotor and shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/16—Admission or exhaust passages in pistons or outer members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是一种摆动活塞式内燃发动机。四个矩形活塞叶片固定在中心轴上，与从外壳伸出的四个挡块形成八个汽缸。转换机构将中心轴的摆动转换成动力输出轴的单向转动。传统的活塞发动机，活塞压迫汽缸侧壁，造成明显的动力损失。在新发动机中，活塞并不接触汽缸壁，机械效率大为提高。

Description

摆动活塞式内燃发动机
本发明所属类别
1.本发明属于内燃发动机类。
本发明的背景
2.传统的活塞式内燃发动机有若干缺点。其中比较突出的一个就是活塞及活塞环的摩擦与磨损。
3.转子式内燃发动机有许多种，如：U.S.Pat.Nos.3745979，4036183，4178902，5555866，6543406，，6539913，6662774，和7621167，U.S.Pat.App.Nos. 2010/0000492和2011/0048370。
概述
4.本发明所述的摆动活塞式内燃发动机采用转动活塞去解决传统活塞机的问题，即活塞及活塞环的摩擦与磨损，然而并未失去传统活塞机结构简单的优点。
5.本发明的一个实例如下，其外壳有向内伸出的四个挡块，将其内部空间分为四个相等的空室。在挡块尖端装有密封条，以便密封挡块和摆动中心轴之间的间隙，两者并不接触。空室的左右两端都装有火花塞或喷油嘴、进气门和排气门。四个活塞从摆动中心轴向外伸出，分别穿过四个空室。在活塞的尖端也设有密封条，以便密封活塞和外壳之间的间隙，两者也不接触。
6.活塞将四个空室分隔为八个燃烧室(即八个气缸)。当燃烧室以二冲程工作模式工作时，活塞左侧的燃烧室将活塞向右侧推，而活塞右侧的燃烧室将活塞向左推回原处。
7.上述实例采用曲柄连杆机构将摆动中心轴的摆动转化为动力输出轴的单向转动。
附图简述
8.图1是显示本发明燃烧室的剖视图，沿图12 A-A线剖开。
9.图2至图5显示当本发明以二冲程工作模式工作时，燃烧室在不同的工作时段的工作状态。
10.图6至图9显示当本发明以四冲程工作模式工作时，各燃烧室在不同的工作时段的工作状态。
11.图10是显示本发明曲柄连杆机构的剖视图，沿图12 C-C线剖开。
12.图11是显示本发明燃烧室的透视的剖视图。
13.图12是显示本发明燃烧室及曲柄连杆机构的剖视图，沿图1 B-B线剖开。
14.图13是显示本发明的分解的透视图。
本发明详述
15.图1显示本发明的一个实例。外壳1有四个挡块3形成四个空室2。在空室的左右两侧，都装有火花塞或喷油嘴4(见图12)、进气门5和排气门6。
16.与摆动中心轴8连成一体的四个活塞7将四个空室2分隔成八个燃烧室9 (即八个气缸)。在活塞7的尖端装有密封条10，以便密封活塞7与空室 2外壁之间的间隙。在挡块3的尖端装有密封条11，以便密封挡块3与摆动中心轴8之间的间隙。
17.图2至图5显示一个空室在二冲程工作模式下的工作状态。图2显示燃烧室12的作功冲程刚开始，推动活塞压缩燃烧室13；图3显示燃烧室12通过排气门6开始排气，而燃烧室13进一步被压缩；图4显示燃油混合气通过进气门5被压入燃烧室12，而燃烧室13进一步被压缩；图5显示燃烧室12处于压缩冲程，燃烧室13处于做功冲程，它推动活塞压缩燃烧室12。
18.图6至图9显示四冲程工作模式时各燃烧室的工作状态。图6显示燃烧室 12和16处于进气冲程，燃烧室13和17处于压缩冲程，燃烧室14和18 处于做功冲程，燃烧室15和19处于排气冲程。图7显示燃烧室12和16 处于压缩冲程，燃烧室13和17处于做功冲程，燃烧室14和18处于排气冲程，燃烧室15和19处于进气冲程。图8显示燃烧室12和16处于做功冲程，燃烧室13和17处于排气冲程，燃烧室14和18处于进气冲程，燃烧室15和19处于压缩冲程。图9显示燃烧室12和16处于排气冲程，燃烧室13和17处于进气冲程，燃烧室14和18处于压缩冲程，燃烧室15 和19处于做功冲程。
19.图10显示曲柄连杆机构如何将活塞中心轴8的摆动转化为曲轴以及动力输出轴20的单向转动。当活塞中心轴8摆动的时候，轴柄21随之摆动，轴柄通过连杆驱动曲轴22以及固定在曲轴上的齿轮23(见图11)单项转动，曲轴齿轮驱动动力输出轴转动。
20.图11显示控制齿轮24驱动进气门5及排气门6开闭，同时还显示曲轴齿轮23驱动动力输出轴20转动。
21.图12是显示本发明燃烧室9及曲轴22的剖视图。
22.图13是显示本发明的分解的透视图。
23.如图1所示，凸轮轴a的下方是1缸和2缸，凸轮轴b左方是3缸和4缸，凸轮轴c的上方是5缸和6缸，凸轮轴d的右方是7缸和8缸。四根凸轮轴通过摇臂驱动传统的进气门和排气门。即：
a凸轮轴驱动8和3气缸的气门，
b凸轮轴驱动2和5气缸的气门，
c凸轮轴驱动4和7气缸的气门，
d凸轮轴驱动6和1气缸的气门。
摆动活塞式内燃发动机有以下几个优点
1.与传统的活塞发动机相比，这款发动机体积更小，重量更轻，这是因为它有八个气缸，可是只有两个连杆；其活塞的左右两个侧面都可以做功。
2.在传统的活塞发动机中，活塞压迫气缸侧壁，产生很大的摩擦力，造成明显的动力损失。在这款新式发动机中，活塞并不接触气缸壁，仅靠密封片去密封活塞，故活塞与气缸壁之间的摩擦力大为减少，发动机的机械效率大大提高了。
3.由于活塞与气缸壁不接触，仅靠密封片去密封活塞，所以这款新式发动机的工作温度大大高于传统的活塞发动机的工作温度，而这个独有的优点使得这款新式发动机的燃烧效率大为提高，从而达到省油的目的。
4.新式发动机活塞的左右两侧各有一个燃烧室，当左侧的燃烧室爆发时，将活塞往右推；当右侧的燃烧室爆发时，又将活塞往左推回原处。这样活塞在爆发气体的直接推动下，往复运动，其结果曲柄和连杆之间的摩擦损失减少了。显然传统的活塞发动机做不到这一点。
5.新式发动机的所有的零部件都是对称布置的，它们的合重心是固定不动的，始终落在中心轴线上。

Claims (1)

1.一种摆动活塞式内燃发动机，包括中心轴，活塞叶片，气缸，火花塞或喷油嘴，传统式的进气门和排气门，气缸燃烧室，驱动凸轮轴，轴柄，连杆，传动曲柄齿轮，主齿轮，动力输出轴，其特征在于：四个矩形的活塞叶片固定在中心轴上，与从外壳伸出的四个挡块形成八个气缸；火花塞或喷油嘴、传统式的进气门和排气门安装在气缸侧面的每一个燃烧室中，上述气门由四根凸轮轴驱动；中心轴后端有上下两个互成180度的轴柄，两个轴柄分别带动两个连杆，两个连杆带动两个曲柄单向转动，上下两个曲柄齿轮同时与一个主齿轮相啮合，主齿轮设在动力输出轴上。
CN201210335174.4A 2012-03-01 2012-09-12 摆动活塞式内燃发动机 Active CN103133130B (zh)

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US13/410,117 US20130228149A1 (en) 2012-03-01 2012-03-01 Rotary Internal Combustion Engine

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CN103343714B (zh) * 2013-08-02 2015-04-01 上海交通大学 具有椭圆凸轮的往复活塞发动机
WO2015063630A1 (en) * 2013-11-03 2015-05-07 Shai Barkan Rotary oscillating internal combustion engine

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WO2013130313A2 (en) 2013-09-06
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WO2013130313A3 (en) 2014-02-20

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