CN103121865A - Method for preparing topdressing-free rice fertilizer from slow-release fertilizer by granulating by layers - Google Patents

Abstract

The nitrogen fertilizer is divided into three parts including large-granule urea, small-granule urea and slow-release urea according to the fertilizer requirement law of rice, wherein the large-granule urea is applied in the early growth stage and the middle growth stage of rice, the small-granule urea is used as the core for granulating by layers and applied in the middle growth stage of rice, and the slow-release urea is applied in the middle and later growth stage of rice. The phosphate fertilizer is totally used as the outer layer for granulating by layers and applied to meet the growth need of the rice in the earlier and middle stage. The potassic fertilizer is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used as the middle layer and the outer layer for granulating by layers and applied to meet the growth need of the rice in the earlier and middle stage, and the other part is used as the core for granulating by layers and applied to meet the growth need of the rice in the later stage. Therefore, the need of the rice for a large amount of traces in the whole growth stage is met, no topdressing is needed, and the old habit of repeatedly topdressing the rice is changed. The product has the advantages of saving labor and fertilizer, improving the stress resistance of rice, reducing the environmental pollution and lowering the production cost.

Description

Exempt to topdress with layering granulation and the fertile preparation of alleviation paddy rice

Technical field

How belong to the chemical fertilizer manufacture field relates to and utilizes layering granulation and slow-release fertilizer preparation paddy rice to exempt to topdress.

Background technology

Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer commonly used is purchased the repeatedly loaded down with trivial details fertilizing method of fertilising of single fertilizer although changed the rice agriculture, could not accomplish according to each growing stage nutrient uptake feature of paddy rice, discharges by stages and exempts from topdressing operation.Existing paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is just prepared according to the paddy rice nutrient uptake feature, and this special fertilizer particle nexine, skin, top layer composition are in full accord, and when therefore using as base fertilizer, can not play one's part to the full front, mid-term.On the contrary, effect falls in the top layer of particle, outer field element because time of releasing is long.Later stage can not play one's part to the full.Therefore have to repeatedly topdress in producing.This fertilization mode has following disadvantage: take a lot of work, increase cost, specific aim is poor.Can only impose on upper soll layer owing to topdressing, loss is many, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low, is unfavorable for that rice root grows downwards, and most of root growth is on the top layer, and paddy rice anti contravariance is poor.Being badly in need of long-acting the exempting from of a kind of paddy rice in production topdresses.

Summary of the invention

Paddy rice is high-yield crop, and breeding time is long, and fertilizer requirement is large, for satisfying each nutritional needs acquisition breeding time high yield of paddy rice, in recent years rice agriculture is done base fertilizer except the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of the same composition of a large amount of uses, also must repeatedly topdress, particularly early stage the top layer Nitrogen Top Dressing, due to popularizing of raise seedling in greenhouse, machinery is transplanted, and inserts the phase ahead of time, and temperature utilization ratio on the low side is not high, even the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer that the intermediary and later stages impose often on the top layer easily due to field table water supply oxygen, make ammonia-state nitrogen become nitric nitrogen and outflow with water.

This patent product is according to the paddy rice nutrient uptake feature, by the layering granulation, discharge by stages and satisfy each growing stage nutritional need of paddy rice, once apply fertilizer to the subsoil to remove from and topdress, concrete solution is: nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into 100 kilograms, the three large grain of part urea, 83 kilograms, granule urea, 273 kilograms of slow-release carbamides, two 217 kilograms, ammonium powder, 150 kilograms, Repone K powder, 100 kilograms, small-particle Repone K, what wherein be used for granulation is granule urea, two ammonium powder, granule Repone K, Repone K powder.As table 2.Paddy rice is exempted to topdress and fills a prescription is 22: 9: 15, and total content is 46%.One ton of product desired raw material such as table 1.Layering granulating formula such as table 2.

One ton of paddy rice of table 1 formula (kg) of exempting to topdress

Table 2 layering granulating formula

150 kilograms of granule Repone K and 83 kilograms of granule urea are that the granular core stamen is at the particle nexine.217 kilogram of two ammonium powder adds 100 kilograms of Repone K powder and 77 kilograms of clay conventional method granulations, makes above-mentioned raw materials be distributed in the skin of particle.

In nitrogenous fertilizer, 100 kilograms of large grain urea can directly utilize at Rice Growing early stage like this, can give birth to interim utilization in early stage in paddy rice at 83 kilograms of little urea of layering granulation nexine, and 273 kilograms of slow-release carbamides can satisfy paddy rice mid-term, later stage nitrogenous fertilizer demand.Two ammoniums are placed on the mesectoderm of particle, to satisfy the needs of paddy rice mid-early stage Dui Ling.And larger to the paddy rice requirement, need long potash fertilizer of phase to take 2/5 of consumption to be placed on internal granular layer, then 3/5 mesectoderm that is placed on particle.Satisfied like this paddy rice each to the needs of potassium breeding time.Because this kind paddy rice nutriment in a fertilizer phase discharges, satisfied paddy rice whole breeding time of nutritional requirement, need not topdress.

Facts have proved following fertilizing method, effect is best.By local Fertilization Level, before ploughing, this fertilizer is once applied the rice field, turn over immediately rake, chemical fertilizer is evenly distributed on 15 centimetres of deep plough levels.

Embodiment

The first step: be ready to granulating raw material by following formula

83 kilograms, granule urea, 100 kilograms, granule Repone K.

Two 217 kilograms, ammonium powder, 150 kilograms, Repone K powder, 77 kilograms of clays.

Second step: granulation

With small particle urea, small-particle Repone K is the particle center, with the garden dish prilling process granulation routinely of two ammonium powder, Repone K powder.

The 3rd step: with BHPHB type automatic blending mixing packing machine in following ratio blending 1: 100 kilograms of granular ureas fill the first case; 273 kilograms of slow-release carbamides fill the second case; Fill the 3rd case by 627 kilograms of particles that preceding method is made.The first case, the second case, the 3rd case discharge quantity are transferred to respectively 5 kilograms, 13.65 kilograms, 31.35 kilograms, dress up 50 kilograms one bag.

Claims (4)

1. so-called paddy rice exempts to topdress, and is characterized according to the paddy rice regulation of fertilizer requirement, nitrogenous fertilizer being discharged by stages, satisfies the nitrogenous fertilizer demand of paddy rice early, middle, late stage, and the phosphate fertilizer emphasis satisfy before, mid-term is to the needs of phosphorus.Potash fertilizer satisfies to be needed also to satisfy the later stage to the needs of potassium outside potassium early stage.Finally reach and execute base fertilizer one time, need not topdress.

2. according to right 1 requirement, be characterized in nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into three parts: 83 kilograms of the small particle ureas of 100 kilograms of granular ureas and artificial granulation's nexine in one ton of product, before satisfying paddy rice, the nitrogenous fertilizer demand in mid-term.273 kilograms of slow-release carbamides satisfy later stage nitrogenous fertilizer needs.

According to right 1 require to be characterized in 217 kilograms, two ammonium powder in one ton of product be distributed in the particle middle level, outer with before satisfying paddy rice, mid-term is to the needs of phosphorus.And the later stage paddy rice substantially do not need phosphate fertilizer.

4. require to be characterized in one ton of product, 150 kilograms of small-particle potash fertilizer being placed on granular core satisfying the paddy rice intermediary and later stages to the demand of potash fertilizer according to right 1, and another 100 kilograms of skins that are distributed in particle, provide paddy rice early stage the needs to potassium.