CN103114238B - High-strength and high-hardness gray cast iron material and method for casting same into casting - Google Patents
High-strength and high-hardness gray cast iron material and method for casting same into casting Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOJQNBIDYDPHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Ba] OOJQNBIDYDPHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength and high-hardness gray cast iron material and a method for casting the same into a casting. The gray cast iron material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.00-3.20% of carbon, 1.45-1.80% of silicon, 0.75-0.95% of manganese, less than 0.1% of phosphorus, less than 0.08% of sulfur, less than 0.08% of chromium and iron. The gray cast iron material can further contain copper and tin. According to the method for casting the material into a casting, scrap steel, iron chips and returning iron are used as main furnace materials, and carburizing agent, silicon iron and manganese iron are used as auxiliary materials. The gray cast iron material obtained by the invention is small and dispersed in graphite in the tissue, fine in crystal grains, high in pearlite content, short in interlamellar spacing, high in strength, favorable in stability and low in effective cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology field, relate to a kind of method of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material and casting thereof.
Background technology
During process for processing class foundry goods, mostly use the pig iron and a small amount of foundry returns.The pig iron and foundry returns are put into intermediate frequency furnace and carries out melting, then, liquid iron melting obtained injects sand mold, obtains the rough casting needing processing parts after cooling.But the intrinsic form of the pig iron, causes the excessive clearance put between the pig iron of intermediate frequency furnace, has slackened the magnetic field of intermediate frequency furnace, and the Chemical Composition of the different batches pig iron is different, adds in fusion process the difficulty adjusting Chemical Composition.Meanwhile, the price of the pig iron is higher, adds production cost.Although the iron filings melting that utilizes machining to produce manufactures foundry goods, the difficulty adjusting Chemical Composition can be reduced in fusion process, reduce production cost, due to the characteristic of iron filings, still cannot intensity, the foundry goods that hardness requirement is high of casting.
Therefore, the casting field being cast in present stage of the graphitic cast iron of ask for something high strength, high rigidity is still a difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material and casting thereof is provided.Graphite small and dispersed in this gray cast iron material, crystal grain is tiny, and content of pearlite in alloy is high, and body piece spacing is less, and intensity is high, rail lead interior, table hardness trend is consistent, good stability, and cost-effectively is low.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, is characterized in that comprising following component, is in weight percently: carbon 3.0-3.2%; Silicon 1.45-1.80%; Manganese 0.75-0.95%; Phosphorus ﹤ 0.1%; Sulphur ﹤ 0.08%; Chromium ﹤ 0.08% and iron.
Further, this gray cast iron material is also containing copper, and the weight percentage of copper is ﹤ 0.9%.
Further, this gray cast iron material is also containing tin, and the weight percentage of tin is ﹤ 0.09%.
Further, this gray cast iron material is also containing copper and tin, and the weight percentage ﹤ 0.8% of the tin of the weight percentage+ten times of copper.
Further, the component of this gray cast iron material is in weight percent is: carbon 3.01%; Silicon 1.49%; Manganese 0.92%; Sulphur 0.035%; Phosphorus 0.057%; Chromium 0.071%; Copper 0.27%; Tin 0.051% and iron 94.096%.
Further, the component of this gray cast iron material is in weight percent is: carbon 3.03%; Silicon 1.51%; Manganese 0.93%; Sulphur 0.035%; Phosphorus 0.055%; Chromium 0.069%; Copper 0.32%; Tin 0.047% and iron 94.004%.
Invention further provides a kind of method of producing the casting of above-mentioned high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, comprise the following steps:
1) taking steel scrap is 60-65wt%, and iron filings are 20-25wt%, and foundry return is 10-20wt%, carburelant is 1.5-2.0wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.6-0.9wt%, and ferrosilicon is 1.00-1.25wt%, copper alloy is 0.45-0.55wt%, and tin is 0.05-0.065wt%, and nucleating agent is that 0.4-0.45wt% is for subsequent use;
2) by intermediate frequency furnace for preheating, after being warming up to 200-300 degree, add carburelant, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree;
3) add 1/3 of the steel scrap gross weight taken in step 1), add 1/3 of the iron filings gross weight taken in step 1) after fusing, add 1/3 of the foundry return gross weight taken in step 1) after iron filings fusing, insulation is until foundry return fusing;
4) repeating step 3) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing;
5) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out process of removing slag, then add ferromanganese and ferrosilicon that step 1) takes and be warming up to 1480-1500 degree, again removing slag, and in the mixed solution after removing slag, add the copper alloy that step 1) takes;
6) above-mentioned mixed solution is at the uniform velocity poured into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, tin step 1) taken is put in casting ladle, is then poured with stream by the nucleating agent that step 1) takes, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag;
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 ° of C, and the duration of pouring is 75-85 second.
Further, in described steel scrap, carbon content is 0.40%, and silicone content is 0.30%, and Fe content is 0.55%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%; In described iron filings, carbon content is 3.10%, and silicone content is 1.65%, and Fe content is 0.83%, and phosphorus content is 0.055%, and sulphur content is 0.035%, and copper content is 0.45%; In described foundry return, carbon content is 4.25%, and silicone content is 0.91%, and Fe content is 0.06%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%.
Further, described carburelant is graphite carburelant; Described nucleating agent is silicon titanate innoculant, and in described silicon titanate innoculant, the mass percent of silicon is 72%.
Further, described intermediate frequency furnace is acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The first, the synthesis such as employing steel scrap of the present invention, iron filings premixed systems casting high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its graphite form is tiny, bending, passivation, decreases stress concentration, not easily cracks source; Graphite Distribution is intensive, even, non-directional, reduces the reduction of graphite to matrix and isolates effect, be conducive to the performance of cylinder block strength, improves the mechanical property of graphitic cast iron.
The second, of the present invention adopt synthesis premixed systems casting high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its matrix grain is tiny, and carbide dispersion, on matrix, hinders growing up of xln, thus intensity and hardness higher.
3rd, of the present invention adopt synthesis premixed systems casting high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, the increase of its perlite (P) quantity is the careful dispersion of graphite flake because external particle in synthesis graphitic cast iron causes primary crystallization to be formed, comparatively easily obtain relatively large pearlitic structure, hardness is significantly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a-Fig. 1 d is the coupon metallographic structure morphological analysis figure of the embodiment of the present invention 9.
Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 h is the guide rail surface metallographic structure morphological analysis figure of the embodiment of the present invention 9.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to describe the present invention in detail, and limit scope of invention never in any form.
(1) embodiment 1
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises (percent by weight): carbon 3.00%; Silicon 1.80%; Manganese 0.75%; Phosphorus 0.099%; Sulphur 0.04%; Chromium 0.079% and iron.
The method of the casting of the high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is carried out weighing and proportioning, each material composition composition comprises: steel scrap is 60wt%, and iron filings are 20wt%, and foundry return is 15.95wt%, carburelant is 1.5wt%, ferromanganese is 0.6wt%, and ferrosilicon is 1.00wt%, and copper alloy is 0.5wt%, tin is 0.05wt%, silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%, and wherein, in silicon titanate innoculant, the mass percent of silicon is 72%.
2) by acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnace (preferred 500kg) preheating, after being warming up to 200-300 degree, add carburelant, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree.
3) add the steel scrap of about 1/3 weight in batching, after fusing, add the iron filings of about 1/3 weight in batching, add the foundry return of about 1/3 weight in batching after iron filings fusing until foundry return fusing.
4) repeating step 3) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing.
5) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out process of removing slag, then add the ferromanganese and ferrosilicon that weigh up and heat up, when being warming up to 1480-1500 and spending, again removing slag, and add copper alloy (copper alloy fusing point is lower, can melt very soon) in the mixed solution after removing slag.
6) at the uniform velocity pour above-mentioned mixed solution into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, the tin weighed up being put in casting ladle, then the nucleating agent weighed up being poured with stream, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag.
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 ° of C, and the duration of pouring is 75-85 second, waters to cast out 500mm × 120mm × 70mm(and length, width and height are respectively 500mm, 120mm, 70mm) mechanical property test specimen 4.
(2) embodiment 2
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises (weight percentage): carbon 3.20%; Silicon 1.45%; Manganese 0.95%; Phosphorus 0.04%; Sulphur 0.079%; Chromium 0.03% and iron.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 2 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 1.Difference is the ratio suitably adjusting the main furnace charge such as steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 64.785wt%, iron filings are 20wt%, foundry return is 10wt%, and carburelant is 2wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.9wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.25wt%, copper alloy is 0.55wt%, and tin is 0.065wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.45wt%.
(3) embodiment 3
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises (weight percentage): carbon 3.10%; Silicon 1.60%; Manganese 0.85%; Phosphorus 0.07%; Sulphur 0.06%; Chromium 0.05% and iron.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 3 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 1.Difference is the ratio suitably adjusting the main furnace charge such as steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 60wt%, iron filings are 25wt%, foundry return is 10.69wt%, and carburelant is 1.6wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.7wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.1wt%, copper alloy is 0.45wt%, and tin is 0.06wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%.
(4) embodiment 4
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises (weight percentage): carbon 3.00%; Silicon 1.80%; Manganese 0.75%; Phosphorus 0.099%; Sulphur 0.04%; Chromium 0.079%, copper 0.089%, tin 0.0089% and iron.
The method of the casting of the high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 4, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare burden: each material composition composition comprises: steel scrap is 62wt%, iron filings are 20wt%, foundry return is 12.785wt%, and carburelant is 2.0wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.9wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.25wt%, copper alloy is 0.55wt%, and tin is 0.065wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.45wt%, wherein, in silicon titanate innoculant, the mass percent of silicon is 72% or commercially available.
2) by the preheating of 500kg acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnace, add carburelant after being warming up to 200-300 degree, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree.
3) add the steel scrap of in batching 1/3, after fusing, add the iron filings of in batching 1/3, add the foundry return of in batching 1/3 after iron filings fusing until foundry return fusing.
4) repeating step 2) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing.
5) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out process of removing slag, then add ferromanganese and ferrosilicon and heat up, when being warming up to 1480-1500 and spending, again removing slag, and add copper alloy in the mixed solution after removing slag.
6) at the uniform velocity pour above-mentioned mixed solution into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, tin being put in casting ladle, then nucleating agent being poured with stream, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag.
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 ° of C, and the duration of pouring is 75-85 second, waters to cast out 500mm × 120mm × 70mm(and length, width and height are respectively 500mm, 120mm, 70mm) mechanical property test specimen 4.
After tested, the mechanical property of above-mentioned test specimen is in table 1:
Table 1 synthetic cast iron mechanical property
| Numbering | Бb/Mpa | HB N/mm 2 |
| Test specimen 1 | 314 | 193 |
| Test specimen 2 | 320 | 199 |
| Test specimen 3 | 308 | 195 |
| Test specimen 4 | 319 | 198 |
(5) embodiment 5
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises: carbon 3.20%; Silicon 1.45%; Manganese 0.95%; Phosphorus 0.04%; Sulphur 0.079%; Chromium 0.03%, copper 0.065%, tin 0.007% and iron.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 5 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 4.Difference is the ratio suitably adjusting the main furnace charge such as steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 60wt%, iron filings are 20wt%, foundry return is 15.36wt%, and carburelant is 1.7wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.8wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.2wt%, copper alloy is 0.45wt%, and tin is 0.065wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.425wt%.
(6) embodiment 6
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises: carbon 3.10%; Silicon 1.60%; Manganese 0.85%; Phosphorus 0.07%; Sulphur 0.06%; Chromium 0.05%, copper 0.05%, tin 0.006% and iron.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 6 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 4.The ratio of the main furnace charge such as suitable adjustment steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 65wt%, iron filings are 20wt%, foundry return is 10.65wt%, and carburelant is 1.8wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.6wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.0wt%, copper alloy is 0.5wt%, and tin is 0.05wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%.
(7) embodiment 7
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises: carbon 3.01%, silicon 1.49%, manganese 0.92%, sulphur 0.035%, phosphorus 0.057%, chromium 0.071%, copper 0.27%, tin 0.051% and iron.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 7 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 4.The ratio of the main furnace charge such as suitable adjustment steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 64wt%, iron filings are 21wt%, foundry return is 10.55wt%, and carburelant is 1.9wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.6wt%, ferrosilicon is 1.0wt%, copper alloy is 0.5wt%, and tin is 0.05wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%.
(8) embodiment 8
A kind of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material, its component content comprises: carbon 3.03%, silicon 1.51%, manganese 0.93%, sulphur 0.035%, phosphorus 0.055%, chromium 0.069%, copper 0.32%, tin 0.047% and iron.Suitably can adjust the ratio of the main furnace charge such as steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material.
The high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of embodiment 8 is obtained by the method identical with embodiment 4, difference is the ratio suitably adjusting the main furnace charge such as steel scrap, iron filings, foundry return and auxiliary material, the each raw material weight per-cent taken is: steel scrap is 60wt%, and iron filings are 23wt%, and foundry return is 13wt%, carburelant is 1.5wt%, ferromanganese is 0.6wt%, and ferrosilicon is 1.0wt%, and copper alloy is 0.45wt%, tin is 0.05wt%, and silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%.
(9) graphitic cast iron in embodiment 9:HT300 high strength bed piece and high rigidity bed ways face
material
The present embodiment first carries out in test specimen, and concrete steps are:
1) prepare burden: raw material is carried out weighing and proportioning, each material composition composition comprises: steel scrap is 60wt%, and iron filings are 20wt%, and foundry return is 15.54wt%, carburelant is 1.5wt%, ferromanganese is 0.8wt%, and ferrosilicon is 1.20wt%, and copper alloy is 0.5wt%, tin is 0.06wt%, silicon titanate innoculant is 0.4wt%, and wherein, in silicon titanate innoculant, the mass percent of silicon is 72%.
Wherein, in steel scrap, carbon content is 0.40%, and silicone content is 0.30%, and Fe content is 0.55%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%; In iron filings, carbon content is 3.10%, and silicone content is 1.65%, and Fe content is 0.83%, and phosphorus content is 0.055%, and sulphur content is 0.035%, and copper content is 0.45%; In foundry return, carbon content is 4.25%, and silicone content is 0.91%, and Fe content is 0.06%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%.
2) by the preheating of 500kg acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnace, add carburelant after being warming up to 200-300 degree, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree.
3) add 1/3 of steel scrap gross weight in batching, after fusing, add 1/3 of iron filings gross weight in batching, add 1/3 of foundry return gross weight in batching after iron filings fusing, insulation, until foundry return fusing.
4) repeating step 3) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing.
5) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out process of removing slag, then adds 1) in the ferromanganese that weighs up and ferrosilicon heat up, when being warming up to 1480-1500 and spending, again remove slag, and in the mixed solution after removing slag, add copper alloy and melt.
6) at the uniform velocity pour above-mentioned mixed solution into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, tin being put in casting ladle, then nucleating agent being poured with stream, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag.
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 ° of C, and the duration of pouring is 75-85 second, waters to cast out 500mm × 120mm × 70mm(and length, width and height are respectively 500mm, 120mm, 70mm) mechanical property test specimen 4.
Detect test specimen, recording former ferrous components is: carbon 2.90-3.10%, silicon 1.45-1.65%, manganese 0.80-0.95%, copper 0.50-0.65%.Measure carbon and silicone content with chemical assay, measure other each constituent content with spectrum examination, measured data composition is: carbon 3.01%, silicon 1.49%, manganese 0.92%, copper 0.27%, tin 0.051%, sulphur 0.035%, phosphorus 0.057%, chromium 0.071%.Get the test block of test specimen central position to make coupon and carry out mechanical test, measured data is in table 2.
Show 2-in-1 one-tenth cast iron mechanical property
| Numbering | бb/Mpa | HB |
| 1-1 | 315 | 195 |
| 1-2 | 322 | 198 |
| 1-3 | 311 | 193 |
| 1-4 | 319 | 197 |
Carry out the preparation of the gray cast iron material in HT300 high strength bed piece and high rigidity bed ways face under production conditions.Concrete steps are:
1) prepare burden: identical with the batching in the present embodiment test specimen.
2) by the preheating of 3 tons of acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnaces, after being warming up to 200-300 degree, add carburelant, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree.
3) add the steel scrap of in batching 1/3, after fusing, add the iron filings of in batching 1/3, add the foundry return of in batching 1/3 after iron filings fusing until foundry return fusing.
4) repeating step 3) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing.
5) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out process of removing slag, then add ferromanganese and ferrosilicon and heat up, when being warming up to 1480-1500 and spending, again removing slag, and add copper alloy in the mixed solution after removing slag.
6) at the uniform velocity pour above-mentioned mixed solution into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, tin being put in casting ladle, then nucleating agent being poured with stream, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag.
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 ° of C, the duration of pouring is 75-85 second, the bed piece going out HT300 high strength of phenolic sand molding casting and the graphitic cast iron in high rigidity bed ways face, and test specimen 4 and bed casting 2 are with expecting with noting.
Measure carbon and silicone content with chemical assay after refining casting, measure other each constituent content with spectrum examination, measured data composition is 3.03% carbon; 1.51% silicon; 0.93% manganese; 032% bronze medal; 0.047% tin; 0.035% sulphur; 0.055% phosphorus; 0.069% chromium.
Judge from the chemical composition data of actual measurement, the condition that its numerical value meets " the weight percentage ﹤ 0.8% of the tin of the weight percentage+ten times of copper ".Get the test block of test specimen central position to make coupon and carry out mechanical test, measured data is in table 3.
Table 3 synthetic cast iron mechanical property
| Numbering | бb/Mpa | HB |
| 2-1 | 311 | 202 |
| 2-2 | 315 | 197 |
| 2-3 | 309 | 196 |
| 2-4 | 313 | 198 |
Bed ways surface hardness (bed ways are double track) gets the hardness from top, end 100mm and centre, and measured hardness data are in table 4.
Table 4 synthetic cast iron mechanical property
| Numbering | HB1 | HB2 | HB3 |
| 1-1 | 213 | 215 | 216 |
| 1-2 | 217 | 214 | 215 |
| 2-1 | 212 | 216 | 213 |
| 2-2 | 215 | 216 | 217 |
Find out that the HB the coupon mechanical property б b and bed ways superficial hardness test synthesizing graphitic cast iron all reaches following technical requirements from above-mentioned data: tensile strength should reach 300N/mm
2above; Brinell hardness is at 190-213N/mm
2.Its reason is carburetting, make the increase of nucleus quantity in iron liquid, eutectic cell quantity is corresponding rising also, and tin, iron filings and barium-silicon inoculant can increase external nucleus formation carbide and be conducive to pearlitic generation, wherein tin element can be facilitated and stabilizing pearlite strongly, adds quantitative tin and heavv section can be made at the complete perlite of as cast condition, and be not formed with free cementite, can refine pearlite and eutectic cell, improve intensity, hardness and wear resistance.Refer to as shown in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 d, synthesis Graphite Type in Gray Iron sheet skeleton distinguish is few, and be the A type graphite of even non-directional sheet, length is 5 grades, does not have D, E type graphite; As shown in Fig. 1 c, Fig. 1 d and Fig. 2 e-Fig. 2 h, matrix Medium pearlite content is 98%.
Graphitic cast iron is generally that adding foundry return in time is also have certain ratio with foundry iron and steel scrap for main raw material.The present invention adopts synthesis premixed systems as main raw material, and in trial-production and actual production, the properties technical indicator of bed piece foundry goods meets synthetic cast iron requirement.Adopt synthesis premixed systems to compare conventional cast material and can reduce costs about 600 yuan/ton in cast casting.
Starting material understand quality, production process and the stability that directly affect graphitic cast iron.The preparation method of high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material of the present invention adopts medium-frequency induction furnace, the pure steel scrap of material selection stable components, surface clean, iron filings and foundry return, foundry return preferably adopts the high-quality foundry return that the few purity of foreign matter content is higher, can stabilizing component, control trace element, steel scrap preferably adopts the scrap stock of highquality carbon steel.Adding appropriate alloyed copper can stabilizing pearlite content, and adding appropriate alloy tin can obtain as-cast pearlitic, improves hardness on the whole, prevents from forming free cementite, thus improves intensity, the hardness of foundry goods.This method not only effectively make use of the materials such as steel scrap, reduces production cost, can also ensure that the mechanical property of obtained material reaches perfect condition, meet high-performance lathe bed casting to the requirement of material.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not used for limiting practical range of the present invention; If do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is modified or equivalent to replace, in the middle of the protection domain that all should be encompassed in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. by a method for high strength and high hardness gray cast iron material casting, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) taking steel scrap is 60-65wt%, iron filings are 20-25wt%, foundry return is 10wt%, 10.69wt%, 12.785wt%, 15.36wt%, 10.65wt%, 10.55wt% or 13wt%, carburelant is 1.5-2.0wt%, and ferromanganese is 0.6-0.9wt%, and ferrosilicon is 1.00-1.25wt%, copper alloy is 0.45-0.55wt%, tin is 0.05-0.065wt%, and nucleating agent is 0.4-0.45wt%, for subsequent use;
2) by intermediate frequency furnace for preheating, after being warming up to 200-300 degree, add carburelant, when carburelant becomes liquid state, continue to be warming up to 1250-1300 degree;
3) add step 1) in take 1/3 of steel scrap gross weight, add step 1 after fusing) in take 1/3 of iron filings gross weight, add step 1 after iron filings fusing) in take 1/3 of foundry return gross weight, insulation is until foundry return fusing;
4) repeating step 3) 2 times, by all steel scraps, iron filings and foundry return melting and fully carburizing;
5) by step 4) in steel scrap, iron filings and foundry return melting the mixed solution that fully carburizing is formed carries out process of removing slag, then step 1 is added) ferromanganese that takes and ferrosilicon be warming up to 1480-1500 degree, again remove slag, and add step 1 in the mixed solution after removing slag) copper alloy that takes;
6) above-mentioned mixed solution is at the uniform velocity poured into preheated casting ladle, when pouring 2/3 mixed solution into, by step 1) tin that takes puts in casting ladle, then by step 1) nucleating agent that takes pours with stream, after mixed solution all pours casting ladle into, with trivet, iron liquid smash even and remove slag;
7) pour into a mould after handling, thermometric, teeming temperature is 1360-1380 DEG C, and the duration of pouring is 75-85 second.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In described steel scrap, carbon content is 0.40%, and silicone content is 0.30%, and Fe content is 0.55%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%;
In described iron filings, carbon content is 3.10%, and silicone content is 1.65%, and Fe content is 0.83%, and phosphorus content is 0.055%, and sulphur content is 0.035%, and copper content is 0.45%;
In described foundry return, carbon content is 4.25%, and silicone content is 0.91%, and Fe content is 0.06%, and phosphorus content is 0.04%, and sulphur content is 0.03%.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described carburelant is graphite carburelant; Described nucleating agent is silicon titanate innoculant, and in described silicon titanate innoculant, the mass percent of silicon is 72%.
4. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described intermediate frequency furnace is acid intermediate frequency furnace induction furnace.
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