CN103107686A - Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof - Google Patents
Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: according to the relationship of control voltage Vc and inductive current Is which are generated by reference voltage reference (VREF) and output voltage Vos through an error compensator, combining preset constant-on-time and constant-off-time to generate three periods of time t1, t2 and t3, and sequentially adopting control timing sequences composed of t1, t2 and t3 in each period to control on-off of a switch tube of a switch converter. The switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and the device thereof can be used for a plurality of topological-structure switch converters such as a buck converter, a booster converter, a buck-boost converter, a cuk converter, a single-ended primary industry converter (SEPIC), and a zero energy thermonuclear assembly (ZETA) converter. The switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and the device thereof have the advantages of being fast in transient response speed, high in voltage stabilization precision, good in stability performance, small in electromagnetic noise, strong in capacity of resisting disturbance, and wide in application range, and having the current-limiting function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronic equipment, especially a kind of control method of switch converters and device thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous renewal of development and the electric electronic current change technology of power electronic device, switch power technology receives increasing the concern and research as the key areas of power electronics.Switching Power Supply mainly is made of switch converters and control circuit two parts.Switch converters is called again the power main circuit, mainly contain step-down (Buck), boost (Boost), buck (Buck-Boost), normal shock, instead swash, the various topological structures such as half-bridge, full-bridge.Control circuit is used for the operating state of monitoring switch converter, and produces the switching tube of control wave control switch converter, regulates the energy of supply load with stable output.For same switch converters, adopt the converter of different control methods to have the indexs such as different mappings, steady-state behaviour, the precision of voltage regulation, defencive function (overvoltage, under-voltage, overcurrent etc.), stability.
It is one of common switch converters control method that traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage-type is controlled, its control thought is: converter output voltage and reference voltage are compared the error signal that obtains and generate after through the error amplifier compensation and control voltage, and the sawtooth waveforms that will control voltage and fixed frequency compares, obtain the pulse control signal of high and low level, by the turn-on and turn-off of drive circuit control switch pipe, realize the adjusting of switch converters output voltage again.Traditional PWM modulation electric die mould control method realizes simple, but because of the sawtooth waveforms that adopts fixed frequency as modulating wave, have that the input transient response is slow, load transient response waits shortcoming slowly, be difficult to be applicable to require to have the occasion of transient response speed fast.Control with PWM modulation electric die mould and compare, current-mode control has load faster and input transient response speed, has improved the precision of voltage regulation of output voltage; and due to the function that himself has current limliting; be easy to realize the overcurrent protection of converter, when a plurality of power supplys are in parallel, be more convenient for realizing current-sharing.But traditional current-mode control method (referring to peak current control) can produce subharmonic oscillation in duty ratio greater than 0.5 o'clock, had had a strong impact on the stability of converter.It is one of switch converters pulse frequency modulated (PFM) current-mode control method that constant on-time modulation electric flow pattern is controlled, and its basic thought is: when each switch periods begins, and the switching tube conducting, the converter inductance rises; Through after constant on-time, switching tube turn-offs, and inductive current descends, and when it dropped to control signal, switching tube is conducting again, began a new switch periods.Control with peak current and compare, the stability of the switch converters of employing PFM modulation electric flow pattern control method is good, can not produce the subharmonic oscillation problem in duty ratio greater than 0.5 o'clock.
Summary of the invention
The control method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of switch converters makes it to have simultaneously good mapping and steady-state behaviour, is applicable to the switch converters of various topological structures.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that its goal of the invention adopts is: the two marginal nervures of switch converters rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, detect inductive current and output voltage in the zero hour of a sampling pulse signal CLK, with the output voltage values V that detects
osWith voltage reference value V
refSend into error compensator and produce control voltage V
c, with the inductive current I that detects
sWith control voltage V
cSend into simultaneously the temporal calculation unit, in conjunction with default constant on-time or the constant turn-off time, computing generates three sections time t
1, t
2And t
3, each cycle is adopted t successively
1, t
2, t
3The control sequential that forms, conducting and the shutoff of control switch converter switches pipe.
The two marginal nervures of switch converters of the present invention rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, three sections time t
1, t
2And t
3Producing method have two:
1. preset a constant on-time T
ONIf, t
1, t
3For ON time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
ON, t
2Be the turn-off time; If t
2For ON time and satisfy t
2=T
ON, t
1, t
3Be the turn-off time; Turn-off time is by K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2T
ONDetermine K
1, K
2Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.
2. preset a constant turn-off time T
OFFIf, t
1, t
3For the turn-off time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
OFF, t
2Be ON time; If t
2For the turn-off time and satisfy t
2=T
OFF, t
1, t
3Be ON time; ON time is by K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4T
OFFDetermine K
3, K
4Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, compare with existing PWM modulation electric die mould control switch converter, switch converters of the present invention is when load and input voltage change, the quick adjustment switch converters switching tube conducting of equal energy or the length of turn-off time, output voltage and inductive current overshoot are little, improve the mapping of converter, and had current-limiting function.
Two, compare with existing PFM modulation electric die mould control switch converter, the switch converters precision of voltage regulation of the present invention is high, and steady-state behaviour is good, and electromagnetic noise is little, and antijamming capability is strong, and has current-limiting function.
Three, compare with existing peak current control switch converter, switch converters of the present invention can not produce subharmonic oscillation in duty ratio greater than 0.5 o'clock, and the system stability performance is good, need not slope compensation.
Four, compare with existing PFM modulation electric flow pattern control switch converter, switch converters of the present invention is when the heavy load range, and output voltage and inductive current transient state overshoot are little, and the adjusting time is short, and mapping is good.
Five, with existing PWM or PFM modulation V
2Type control switch converter is compared, and switch converters of the present invention does not rely on the equivalent series resistance with output capacitance, can work when the output voltage low ripple, and antijamming capability is strong, and stability is good, and has current-limiting function.
Another object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly realizes that the two marginal nervures of above-mentioned switch converters rush the device of frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, be comprised of voltage detecting circuit VS, current detection circuit CS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM and drive circuit DR, wherein: voltage detecting circuit VS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM, drive circuit DR are connected successively; Current detection circuit CS, temporal calculation unit TU, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM are connected successively; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with error compensator EC; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with voltage detecting circuit VS; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with current detection circuit CS.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the signal flow graph of the embodiment of the present invention one method.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention one, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, sampling pulse signal CLK and drive the schematic diagram that concerns between signal.
Fig. 4 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters output voltage under limit of the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional peak Current Control.
Fig. 5 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters inductive current under limit of the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional peak Current Control.
Fig. 6 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters output voltage when load changing of the embodiment of the present invention one and the control of conventional P WM modulation electric die mould.
Fig. 7 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters inductive current when load changing of the embodiment of the present invention one and the control of conventional P WM modulation electric die mould.
Fig. 8 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 9 is in the embodiment of the present invention two, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, sampling pulse signal CLK and drive the schematic diagram that concerns between signal.
Figure 10 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
In Fig. 4: a is the output voltage waveforms of conventional peak current-controlled switch converter when stable state; B is the output voltage waveforms of the embodiment of the present invention one when stable state.
In Fig. 5: a is the inductive current waveform of conventional peak current-controlled switch converter when stable state; B is the inductive current waveform of the embodiment of the present invention one when stable state.
In Fig. 6: a is the output voltage waveforms of conventional P WM modulation electric die mould control switch converter when load changing; B is the output voltage waveforms of the embodiment of the present invention one when load changing.
In Fig. 7: a is the inductive current waveform of conventional P WM modulation electric die mould control switch converter when load changing; B is the inductive current waveform of the embodiment of the present invention one when load changing.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is done further detailed description below by concrete example.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 illustrates, a kind of embodiment of the present invention is: the two marginal nervures of switch converters rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method and device C-PFM thereof, and its C-PFM device mainly is comprised of voltage detecting circuit VS, current detection circuit CS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM and drive circuit DR.Voltage detecting circuit VS is used for obtaining output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS is used for obtaining inductive current value I
s, error compensator EC is for generation of controlling voltage V
c, temporal calculation unit TU is for generation of three sections time t
1, t
2, t
3, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is for generation of the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
sawWith sampling pulse signal CLK, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM are for generation of with t
1, t
2, t
3Be the control wave of sequential, via drive circuit DR, conducting and the shutoff of control switch converter TD switching tube.
This example adopts the device of Fig. 2, can realize easily and quickly above-mentioned control method.Fig. 2 illustrates, and the two marginal nervures of this routine switch converters rush the device of frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, is comprised of the control device C-PFM of converter TD and switching tube S.Fig. 3 is inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, sampling pulse signal CLK and drive the schematic diagram that concerns between signal.
Its course of work of the device of this example and principle are:
The course of work and principle that control device C-PFM adopts two marginal nervures to rush the control of frequency modulation(FM) C type are: Fig. 2, Fig. 3 illustrate, at the actuating switch pipe zero hour of any one sampling pulse signal CLK, this sampling pulse signal CLK is produced by frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG; Simultaneously, voltage detecting circuit VS detects the output voltage of converter TD, obtains output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS detects the inductive current of converter TD, obtains inductive current value I
s, with output voltage values V
osWith reference voltage V
refTogether send into error compensator EC, generate and control voltage V
cDefault constant on-time T
ON, t
1, t
3Be all ON time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
ON, t
2Be the turn-off time.Can calculate t in temporal calculation unit TU
2=K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2T
ON, K wherein
1, K
2Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.According to time t
1, t
2, t
3Control the frequency of frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, produce the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
sawIn frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, with a very little constant and sawtooth waveforms V
sawCompare, produce sampling pulse signal CLK according to comparative result, be used for determining switch periods, sampling and outputting voltage, sampling inductive current and departure compensator EC.In two marginal nervure modulated device DPM, with sawtooth waveforms V
saw, time t
1, time t
2Compare, produce conducting (t according to comparative result
1), turn-off (t
2), conducting (t
3) control wave, via drive circuit DR, conducting and the shutoff of control change device TD switching tube S.
In this example, switching tube S is with t
1, t
2, t
3For the control impuls of sequential produces in two marginal nervure modulated device DPM, concrete producing method is: when each cycle began, switching tube S conducting, diode D turn-offed, and inductive current is begun to rise by initial value; Switching tube S ON time t
1Rear shutoff, diode D conducting simultaneously, inductive current begins to descend immediately.Through turn-off time t
2After, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM make control impuls become high level by low level, and switching tube S conducting again, diode D turn-off again, switching tube S ON time t
3Rear current period finishes.
This routine converter TD is the Buck converter.
With Matlab/Simulink software, this routine method is carried out the time-domain-simulation analysis, result is as follows.
Fig. 4 is for adopting the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of conventional peak Current Control and switch converters of the present invention output voltage under limit, and component a, b be corresponding conventional peak Current Control and the present invention respectively.Fig. 5 is for adopting the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of conventional peak Current Control and switch converters of the present invention inductive current under limit, and component a, b be corresponding conventional peak Current Control and the present invention respectively.Can find out in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, adopt the output voltage of conventional peak Current Control (switching frequency is 50KHz) switch converters in 3V place's fluctuation, inductive current is in 1.5A place's fluctuation, subharmonic oscillation has occured in converter, output voltage and inductance are all unstable, and adopting average output voltage of the present invention to be stabilized in 3V, average inductor current is stabilized in 1.5A.As seen adopt the present invention to have better stability.The simulated conditions of Fig. 4, Fig. 5: input voltage V
in=5V, voltage reference value V
ref=3V, inductance L=20 μ H, capacitor C=1420 μ F (its equivalent series resistance is 30m Ω), load current I
o=1.5A; Constant on-time T
ON=12 μ s, t
1=t
3=6 μ s; COEFFICIENT K
1=6.67*10
-6, COEFFICIENT K
2=2/3.
Fig. 6 is for adopting the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of the die mould control of conventional P WM modulation electric and switch converters of the present invention output voltage when load changing, and the respectively corresponding conventional P WM modulation electric die mould of component a, b is controlled and the present invention.Fig. 7 is for adopting the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of the die mould control of conventional P WM modulation electric and switch converters of the present invention inductive current when load changing, and the respectively corresponding conventional P WM modulation electric die mould of component a, b is controlled and the present invention.In Fig. 6, Fig. 7, load is changed to 10A by the 1A step when 6ms, adopt conventional P WM modulation electric die mould to control (switching frequency is 50KHz) through approximately entering new stable state after 1.82ms, output voltage peak-to-peak value fluctuation 654mV, inductive current peak-to-peak value fluctuation 15.53A; And the adjustment time of adopting switch converters of the present invention to enter new stable state is 1.76ms, output voltage peak-to-peak value fluctuation 421mV, inductive current peak-to-peak value fluctuation 11.07A.As seen switch converters output voltage of the present invention and inductive current transient state overshoot are little, and the adjusting time is short, and the load transient performance is good.The simulated conditions of Fig. 6, Fig. 7: voltage reference value V
ref=1.5V, COEFFICIENT K
1=1.33*10
-5, COEFFICIENT K
2=7/3, constant on-time T
ON=6 μ s, t
1=t
3=3 μ s, other parameter is consistent with Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
Embodiment two
Fig. 8 illustrates, and the converter TD that this example is controlled is the Boost converter, and the control device of switching tube S adopts C-PFM.Fig. 9 is in the embodiment of the present invention two, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, sampling pulse signal CLK and drive the schematic diagram that concerns between signal.
The concrete course of work and principle are: Fig. 8, Fig. 9 illustrate, and at the on-off switching tube zero hour of any one sampling pulse signal CLK, simultaneously, voltage detecting circuit VS detects the output voltage of converter TD, obtains output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS detects the inductive current of converter TD, obtains inductive current value I
s, with output voltage values V
osWith reference voltage V
refTogether send into error compensator EC, generate and control voltage V
cDefault constant turn-off time T
OFF, t
1, t
3Be all the turn-off time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
OFF, t
2Be ON time.Can calculate t in temporal calculation unit TU
2=K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4T
OFF, K wherein
3, K
4Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.According to time t
1, t
2, t
3Control the frequency of frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, produce the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
sawIn frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, with a very little constant and sawtooth waveforms V
sawCompare, produce sampling pulse signal CLK according to comparative result, be used for determining switch periods, sampling and outputting voltage, sampling inductive current, departure compensator EC.In two marginal nervure modulated device DPM, with sawtooth waveforms V
saw, time t
1, time t
2Compare, produce according to comparative result and turn-off (t
1), conducting (t
2), turn-off (t
3) control wave, via drive circuit DR, shutoff and the conducting of control change device TD switching tube S.
Prove by emulation equally, adopt Boost converter output voltage stabilization of the present invention, stable state accuracy is high, and the load transient performance is good.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 10, this example is basic identical with embodiment one, and difference is: the converter TD that this example is controlled is the Buck-Boost converter.
The switch converters of the inventive method in can be used for above embodiment, also can be used for the multiple circuit topologies such as Cuk converter, SEPIC converter, Zeta converter, forward converter, anti exciting converter, push-pull converter, half-bridge converter, full-bridge converter.
Claims (5)
1. the two marginal nervures of switch converters rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, it is characterized in that: detect inductive current and output voltage in the zero hour of a sampling pulse signal CLK, with the output voltage values V that detects
osWith voltage reference value V
refSend into error compensator and produce control voltage V
c, with the inductive current I that detects
sWith control voltage V
cSend into simultaneously the temporal calculation unit, in conjunction with default constant on-time or the constant turn-off time, computing generates three sections time t
1, t
2And t
3, each cycle is adopted t successively
1, t
2, t
3The control sequential that forms, conducting and the shutoff of control switch converter switches pipe.
2. according to claim 1 two marginal nervures of switch converters rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, it is characterized in that: three sections time t
1, t
2And t
3Producing method be: default constant on-time T
ONIf, t
1, t
3For ON time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
ON, t
2Be the turn-off time; If t
2For ON time and satisfy t
2=T
ON, t
1, t
3Be the turn-off time; Turn-off time is by K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2T
ONDetermine K
1, K
2Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.
3. according to claim 1 two marginal nervures of switch converters rush frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, it is characterized in that: three sections time t
1, t
2And t
3Producing method be: default constant turn-off time T
OFFIf, t
1, t
3For the turn-off time and satisfy t
1+ t
3=T
OFF, t
2Be ON time; If t
2For the turn-off time and satisfy t
2=T
OFF, t
1, t
3Be ON time; ON time is by K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4T
OFFDetermine K
3, K
4Be two coefficients relevant to the inductive current ripple.
4. realize that claim or the two marginal nervures of 1 or 2 or 3 described switch converters rush the device of frequency modulation(FM) C type control method, is characterized in that: be comprised of voltage detecting circuit VS, current detection circuit CS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM and drive circuit DR for one kind; Described voltage detecting circuit VS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM, drive circuit DR are connected successively; Current detection circuit CS, temporal calculation unit TU, two marginal nervure modulated device DPM are connected successively; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with error compensator EC; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with voltage detecting circuit VS; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with current detection circuit CS.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, described switch converters can be the converter of various topological structures: Buck converter, Boost converter, Buck-Boost converter, Cuk converter, SEPIC converter, Zeta converter, forward converter, anti exciting converter, push-pull converter, half-bridge converter and full-bridge converter.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310022501.5A CN103107686B (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2013-01-22 | Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof |
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| CN103107686A true CN103107686A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103107686B CN103107686B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712471A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 | PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) power control device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101483423A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-15 | 国际整流器公司 | Improved pulse width modulation control circuit |
| CN101599694A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-09 | 杭州茂力半导体技术有限公司 | Two-sided modulation type pulse width modulation controller and method thereof |
| CN203135721U (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-08-14 | 西南交通大学 | Switch converter double-rim pulse frequency modulation C type control device |
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2013
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| CN101483423A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-15 | 国际整流器公司 | Improved pulse width modulation control circuit |
| CN101599694A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-09 | 杭州茂力半导体技术有限公司 | Two-sided modulation type pulse width modulation controller and method thereof |
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| CN106712471A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 | PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) power control device |
| CN106712471B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2023-05-23 | 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 | PWM power control device |
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| CN103107686B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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