CN103107686B - Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof - Google Patents
Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103107686B CN103107686B CN201310022501.5A CN201310022501A CN103107686B CN 103107686 B CN103107686 B CN 103107686B CN 201310022501 A CN201310022501 A CN 201310022501A CN 103107686 B CN103107686 B CN 103107686B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: according to the relationship of control voltage Vc and inductive current Is which are generated by reference voltage reference (VREF) and output voltage Vos through an error compensator, combining preset constant-on-time and constant-off-time to generate three periods of time t1, t2 and t3, and sequentially adopting control timing sequences composed of t1, t2 and t3 in each period to control on-off of a switch tube of a switch converter. The switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and the device thereof can be used for a plurality of topological-structure switch converters such as a buck converter, a booster converter, a buck-boost converter, a cuk converter, a single-ended primary industry converter (SEPIC), and a zero energy thermonuclear assembly (ZETA) converter. The switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and the device thereof have the advantages of being fast in transient response speed, high in voltage stabilization precision, good in stability performance, small in electromagnetic noise, strong in capacity of resisting disturbance, and wide in application range, and having the current-limiting function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronic equipment, especially a kind of control method of switch converters and device thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of power electronic device and the continuous renewal of electric electronic current change technology, switch power technology receives increasing concern and research as the key areas of power electronics.Switching Power Supply is formed primarily of switch converters and control circuit two parts.Switch converters is also called power main circuit, mainly contains the various topological structures such as step-down (Buck), boosting (Boost), buck (Buck-Boost), normal shock, flyback, half-bridge, full-bridge.Control circuit is used for the operating state of monitoring switch converter, and produces the switching tube of control wave control switch converter, regulates the energy of supply load with stable output.For same switch converters, the converter of different control method is adopted to have the indexs such as different mappings, steady-state behaviour, the precision of voltage regulation, defencive function (overvoltage, under-voltage, overcurrent etc.), stability.
Traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage mode control is one of common switch converters control method, its control thought is: converter output voltage and reference voltage are compared the error signal obtained and generate control voltage after error amplifier compensates, and the sawtooth waveforms of control voltage and fixed frequency is compared, obtain the pulse control signal of high and low level, again by the turn-on and turn-off of drive circuit control switch pipe, realize the adjustment of switch converters output voltage.Traditional PWM voltage mode control method realizes simple, but because adopting the sawtooth waveforms of fixed frequency as modulating wave, having the shortcomings such as input transient response is slow, load transient response is slow, being difficult to the occasion being applicable to require to have transient response speed fast.Compared with PWM voltage mode control, current-mode control has load faster and input transient response speed, improves the precision of voltage regulation of output voltage; and owing to himself having the function of current limliting; be easy to the overcurrent protection realizing converter, when multiple power sources in parallel, be more convenient for realizing current-sharing.But traditional current-mode control method (referring to peak value comparison method) can produce subharmonic oscillation when duty ratio is greater than 0.5, has had a strong impact on the stability of converter.It is one of switch converters pulse frequency modulated (PFM) current-mode control method that constant on-time modulated current type controls, and its basic thought is: when each switch periods starts, switching tube conducting, and converter inductance rises; After constant on-time, switching tube turns off, and inductive current declines, and when it drops to control signal, switching tube is conducting again, starts a new switch periods.Compared with peak value comparison method, adopt the stability of the switch converters of PFM modulated current type control method good, subharmonic oscillation problem can not be produced when duty ratio is greater than 0.5.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of control method of switch converters, make it that there is good mapping and steady-state behaviour simultaneously, be applicable to the switch converters of various topological structures.
The present invention realizes the technical scheme that its goal of the invention adopts: switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method, detects inductive current and output voltage, by the output voltage values V detected in the start time of a sampling pulse signal CLK
oswith voltage reference value V
refsend into error compensator and produce control voltage V
c, by the inductive current I detected
swith control voltage V
csend into temporal calculation unit, in conjunction with the constant on-time preset or constant off-time, computing generates three sections of time t simultaneously
1, t
2and t
3, each cycle adopts t successively
1, t
2, t
3the Control timing sequence of composition, the conducting of control switch converter switches pipe and shutoff.
Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method of the present invention, three sections of time t
1, t
2and t
3producing method have two:
1. a constant on-time T is preset
oNif, t
1, t
3t is met for ON time
1+ t
3=T
oN, then t
2for the turn-off time; If t
2t is met for ON time
2=T
oN, then t
1, t
3for the turn-off time; Turn-off time is by K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2t
oNdetermine, K
1, K
2be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple.
2. a constant off-time T is preset
oFFif, t
1, t
3t is met for the turn-off time
1+ t
3=T
oFF, then t
2for ON time; If t
2t is met for the turn-off time
2=T
oFF, then t
1, t
3for ON time; ON time is by K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4t
oFFdetermine, K
3, K
4be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, compared with existing PWM voltage mode control switch converters, switch converters of the present invention is when load and input voltage change, the quick adjustment switch converters switching tube conducting of equal energy or the length of turn-off time, output voltage and inductive current overshoot little, improve the mapping of converter, and there is current-limiting function.
Two, compared with existing PFM modulation voltage type control switch converter, the switch converters precision of voltage regulation of the present invention is high, and steady-state behaviour is good, and electromagnetic noise is little, and antijamming capability is strong, and has current-limiting function.
Three, compared with existing peak value comparison method switch converters, switch converters of the present invention can not produce subharmonic oscillation when duty ratio is greater than 0.5, and system stability performance is good, without the need to slope compensation.
Four, compared with existing PFM modulated current type control switch converter, switch converters of the present invention when heavy load range, output voltage and inductive current transient state overshoot little, regulating time is short, and mapping is good.
Five, V is modulated with existing PWM or PFM
2type control switch converter is compared, and switch converters of the present invention does not rely on the equivalent series resistance with output capacitance, can normally work when output voltage low ripple, and antijamming capability is strong, and stability is good, and has current-limiting function.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device realizing above-mentioned switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method, be made up of voltage detecting circuit VS, current detection circuit CS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM and drive circuit DR, wherein: voltage detecting circuit VS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM, drive circuit DR are connected successively; Current detection circuit CS, temporal calculation unit TU, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM are connected successively; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with error compensator EC; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with voltage detecting circuit VS; Frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is connected with current detection circuit CS.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the signal flow graph of the embodiment of the present invention one method.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention one, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, relation schematic diagram between sampling pulse signal CLK and drive singal.
Fig. 4 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of the switch converters output voltage under steady state conditions, a reactor of the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional peak Current Control.
Fig. 5 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of the switch converters inductive current under steady state conditions, a reactor of the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional peak Current Control.
Fig. 6 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters output voltage when load changing that the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional P WM modulation voltage type control.
Fig. 7 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram of switch converters inductive current when load changing that the embodiment of the present invention one and conventional P WM modulation voltage type control.
Fig. 8 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 9 is in the embodiment of the present invention two, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, relation schematic diagram between sampling pulse signal CLK and drive singal.
Figure 10 is the circuit structure block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
In Fig. 4: a is the output voltage waveforms of conventional peak current-controlled switch converter when stable state; B is the output voltage waveforms of the embodiment of the present invention one when stable state.
In Fig. 5: a is the inductive current waveform of conventional peak current-controlled switch converter when stable state; B is the inductive current waveform of the embodiment of the present invention one when stable state.
In Fig. 6: a is the output voltage waveforms of conventional P WM modulation voltage type control switch converter when load changing; B is the output voltage waveforms of the embodiment of the present invention one when load changing.
In Fig. 7: a is the inductive current waveform of conventional P WM modulation voltage type control switch converter when load changing; B is the inductive current waveform of the embodiment of the present invention one when load changing.
Embodiment
Below by concrete example with reference, further detailed description is done to the present invention.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 illustrates, a kind of embodiment of the present invention is: switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device C-PFM thereof, and its C-PFM device forms primarily of voltage detecting circuit VS, current detection circuit CS, error compensator EC, temporal calculation unit TU, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM and drive circuit DR.Voltage detecting circuit VS is for obtaining output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS is for obtaining inductor current value I
s, error compensator EC is for generation of control voltage V
c, temporal calculation unit TU is for generation of three sections of time t
1, t
2, t
3, frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG is for generation of the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
sawwith sampling pulse signal CLK, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM is for generation of with t
1, t
2, t
3for the control wave of sequential, via drive circuit DR, the conducting of control switch converter TD switching tube and shutoff.
This example adopts the device of Fig. 2, can realize above-mentioned control method easily and quickly.Fig. 2 illustrates, the device of the switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method of this example, is made up of the control device C-PFM of converter TD and switching tube S.Fig. 3 is inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, relation schematic diagram between sampling pulse signal CLK and drive singal.
Its course of work of the device of this example and principle are:
Control device C-PFM adopt two marginal nervure the to rush course of work that frequency modulation C-type controls and principle are: Fig. 2, Fig. 3 illustrate, at the start time actuating switch pipe of any one sampling pulse signal CLK, this sampling pulse signal CLK is produced by frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG; Meanwhile, voltage detecting circuit VS detects the output voltage of converter TD, obtains output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS detects the inductive current of converter TD, obtains inductor current value I
s, by output voltage values V
oswith reference voltage V
reftogether send into error compensator EC, generate control voltage V
c.Preset a constant on-time T
oN, t
1, t
3be all ON time and meet t
1+ t
3=T
oN, then t
2for the turn-off time.T can be calculated in temporal calculation unit TU
2=K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2t
oN, wherein K
1, K
2be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple.According to time t
1, t
2, t
3control the frequency of frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, produce the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
saw.In frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, by a very little constant and sawtooth waveforms V
sawcomparing, producing sampling pulse signal CLK, for determining switch periods, sampling and outputting voltage, sampling inductive current and departure compensator EC according to comparative result.In two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM, by sawtooth waveforms V
saw, time t
1, time t
2compare, produce conducting (t according to comparative result
1), turn off (t
2), conducting (t
3) control wave, via drive circuit DR, control conducting and the shutoff of converter TD switching tube S.
In this example, switching tube S is with t
1, t
2, t
3for the control impuls of sequential produces in two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM, concrete producing method is: when each cycle starts, and switching tube S conducting, diode D turn off, and inductive current rises by initial value; Switching tube S ON time t
1rear shutoff, diode D conducting simultaneously, inductive current starts to decline immediately.Through turn-off time t
2after, two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM makes control impuls become high level from low level, and switching tube S conducting again, diode D turn off again, switching tube S ON time t
3rear current period terminates.
The converter TD of this example is Buck converter.
Carry out time-domain-simulation analysis with Matlab/Simulink software to the method for this example, result is as follows.
Fig. 4 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram adopting conventional peak Current Control and switch converters of the present invention output voltage under steady state conditions, a reactor, and component a, b be corresponding conventional peak Current Control and the present invention respectively.Fig. 5 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram adopting conventional peak Current Control and switch converters of the present invention inductive current under steady state conditions, a reactor, and component a, b be corresponding conventional peak Current Control and the present invention respectively.Can find out in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the output voltage of conventional peak Current Control (switching frequency is 50KHz) switch converters is adopted to fluctuate at 3V place, inductive current fluctuates at 1.5A place, converter there occurs subharmonic oscillation, output voltage and inductance are all unstable, and adopting average output voltage of the present invention to be stabilized in 3V, average inductor current is stabilized in 1.5A.Visible employing the present invention has better stability.The simulated conditions of Fig. 4, Fig. 5: input voltage V
in=5V, voltage reference value V
ref=3V, inductance L=20 μ H, electric capacity C=1420 μ F (its equivalent series resistance is 30m Ω), load current I
o=1.5A; Constant on-time T
oN=12 μ s, t
1=t
3=6 μ s; COEFFICIENT K
1=6.67*10
-6, COEFFICIENT K
2=2/3.
Fig. 6 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram adopting the control of conventional P WM modulation voltage type and switch converters of the present invention output voltage when load changing, and component a, b respectively corresponding conventional P WM modulation voltage type control and the present invention.Fig. 7 is the time-domain-simulation oscillogram adopting the control of conventional P WM modulation voltage type and switch converters of the present invention inductive current when load changing, and component a, b respectively corresponding conventional P WM modulation voltage type control and the present invention.In Fig. 6, Fig. 7, when 6ms load by 1A Spline smoothing to 10A, adopt conventional P WM modulation voltage type to control (switching frequency is 50KHz) and enter new stable state after about 1.82ms, output voltage peak-to-peak value fluctuation 654mV, inductive current peak-to-peak value fluctuation 15.53A; And the regulation time adopting switch converters of the present invention to enter new stable state is 1.76ms, output voltage peak-to-peak value fluctuation 421mV, inductive current peak-to-peak value fluctuation 11.07A.Visible switch converters output voltage of the present invention and inductive current transient state overshoot little, regulating time is short, and load transient performance is good.The simulated conditions of Fig. 6, Fig. 7: voltage reference value V
ref=1.5V, COEFFICIENT K
1=1.33*10
-5, COEFFICIENT K
2=7/3, constant on-time T
oN=6 μ s, t
1=t
3=3 μ s, other parameter is consistent with Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
Embodiment two
Fig. 8 illustrates, the converter TD that this example controls is Boost, and the control device of switching tube S adopts C-PFM.Fig. 9 is in the embodiment of the present invention two, inductive current, control voltage V
c, time t
1, time t
2, time t
3, relation schematic diagram between sampling pulse signal CLK and drive singal.
The concrete course of work and principle are: Fig. 8, Fig. 9 illustrate, at the start time on-off switching tube of any one sampling pulse signal CLK, meanwhile, voltage detecting circuit VS detects the output voltage of converter TD, obtains output voltage values V
os, current detection circuit CS detects the inductive current of converter TD, obtains inductor current value I
s, by output voltage values V
oswith reference voltage V
reftogether send into error compensator EC, generate control voltage V
c.Preset a constant off-time T
oFF, t
1, t
3be all the turn-off time and meet t
1+ t
3=T
oFF, then t
2for ON time.T can be calculated in temporal calculation unit TU
2=K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4t
oFF, wherein K
3, K
4be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple.According to time t
1, t
2, t
3control the frequency of frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, produce the sawtooth waveforms V of changeable frequency
saw.In frequency conversion sawtooth generator SG, by a very little constant and sawtooth waveforms V
sawcomparing, producing sampling pulse signal CLK, for determining switch periods, sampling and outputting voltage, sampling inductive current, departure compensator EC according to comparative result.In two marginal nervure pulse modulator DPM, by sawtooth waveforms V
saw, time t
1, time t
2compare, produce according to comparative result and turn off (t
1), conducting (t
2), turn off (t
3) control wave, via drive circuit DR, control shutoff and the conducting of converter TD switching tube S.
Same by emulation proof, adopt Boost output voltage stabilization of the present invention, stable state accuracy is high, and load transient performance is good.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 10, this example is substantially identical with embodiment one, and difference is: the converter TD that this example controls is One Buck-Boost converter body.
The inventive method, except the switch converters that can be used in above embodiment, also can be used for the multiple circuit topologies such as Cuk converter, SEPIC converter, Zeta converter, forward converter, anti exciting converter, push-pull converter, half-bridge converter, full-bridge converter.
Claims (1)
1. a switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method, is characterized in that: detect inductive current and output voltage, by the output voltage values V detected in the start time of a sampling pulse signal CLK
oswith voltage reference value V
refsend into error compensator and produce control voltage V
c, by the inductive current I detected
swith control voltage V
csend into temporal calculation unit, in conjunction with the constant on-time preset or constant off-time, computing generates three sections of time t simultaneously
1, t
2and t
3, each cycle adopts t successively
1, t
2, t
3the Control timing sequence of composition, the conducting of control switch converter switches pipe and shutoff; Three sections of time t
1, t
2and t
3producing method adopt one of following two kinds:
A): preset a constant on-time T
oNif, t
1, t
3t is met for ON time
1+ t
3=T
oN, then t
2for the turn-off time; If t
2t is met for ON time
2=T
oN, then t
1, t
3for the turn-off time; Turn-off time is by K
1(I
s-V
c)+K
2t
oNdetermine, K
1, K
2be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple;
B): preset a constant off-time T
oFFif, t
1, t
3t is met for the turn-off time
1+ t
3=T
oFF, then t
2for ON time; If t
2t is met for the turn-off time
2=T
oFF, then t
1, t
3for ON time; ON time is by K
3(V
c-I
s)+K
4t
oFFdetermine, K
3, K
4be two coefficients relevant to inductive current ripple.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310022501.5A CN103107686B (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2013-01-22 | Switch converter two-edge pulse frequency modulation C-type control method and device thereof |
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| CN103107686A CN103107686A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103107686B true CN103107686B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| CN106712471B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2023-05-23 | 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 | PWM power control device |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101483423A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-15 | 国际整流器公司 | Improved pulse width modulation control circuit |
| CN101599694A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-09 | 杭州茂力半导体技术有限公司 | Two-sided modulation type pulse width modulation controller and method thereof |
| CN203135721U (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-08-14 | 西南交通大学 | Switch converter double-rim pulse frequency modulation C type control device |
-
2013
- 2013-01-22 CN CN201310022501.5A patent/CN103107686B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101483423A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-15 | 国际整流器公司 | Improved pulse width modulation control circuit |
| CN101599694A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-09 | 杭州茂力半导体技术有限公司 | Two-sided modulation type pulse width modulation controller and method thereof |
| CN203135721U (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-08-14 | 西南交通大学 | Switch converter double-rim pulse frequency modulation C type control device |
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| Title |
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| 《数字谷值电流控制开关DC-DC变换器》;周国华 等;《西南交通大学学报》;20090630;第44卷(第6期);第865-870页 * |
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