A kind of smelting preparation method of anti-surrender aluminium alloy extrusions
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting preparation method of anti-surrender aluminium alloy extrusions, belong to the aluminum alloy materials processing technique field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structured material in industry, widely applies in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinofacture, boats and ships.Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology and industrial economy in recent years, increasing to the demand of Welded structural part, make the Research on Weldability of aluminium alloy also thereupon deeply.The widespread use of aluminium alloy has promoted the development of aluminum alloy solder technology, and the Application Areas of aluminium alloy has been expanded again in the development of welding technique simultaneously, so the welding technique of aluminium alloy is just becoming one of focus of research.Aluminium-plastic panel be by through surface treatment and with 3003 alumals of coating baking vanish, 5005 aluminium-magnesium alloy sheets as the surface, the PE plastics are as sandwich layer, the macromolecule felted-membrane type material that processing is composited through series of process.Aluminium alloy extrusions of the prior art often can foreign matter content occur in fusion process large, the shortcomings such as whole complex technical process.
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Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of smelting preparation method of anti-surrender aluminium alloy extrusions is provided, improve the over-all properties of aluminium alloy extrusions.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of smelting preparation method of anti-surrender aluminium alloy extrusions includes following operation steps:
(1) configuration aluminium alloy melt:
Carry out proportioning by following raw materials in part by weight: 55-65 3003 aluminium ingots, discarded aluminum products, 5-10 norbide, the 5-10 nano quartz sand powder of 32-42, above-mentioned raw materials is added smelting furnace, being warming up to furnace charge begins to soften when staying, sprinkle one deck insulating covering agent to molten surface and cover, described insulating covering agent is comprised of following parts by weight of component: 10-20 part CaO, 10-25 part AL
2O
3, 35-45 part SiO
2, 12-30 part charcoal, 12-23 part flyash; After furnace charge melts fully, should suitably stir melt, so that temperature uniformity everywhere in the molten bath adds magnesium ingot in the most backward melt;
2) refining treatment: utilize refining agent to carry out refining treatment to aluminium alloy melt, when aluminium alloy melt process refining treatment, and after clawing surface scum, melt can be infused into standing furnace, aluminium alloy melt is warming up to 700-750 ℃ of maintenance 20-30min after entering standing furnace, then utilize argon gas to take the hydrogen in aluminium alloy melt and fine impurities to surface, thereby reduce the hydrogen richness in aluminium liquid; Add the 20-30Kg sodium removing agent by aluminium alloy melt per ton again, described sodium removing agent is comprised of following parts by weight of component: active calcium carbonate powder 50-60, magnesium chloride 30-40, chlordeneization two carbon 2-10, cast to get the aluminum alloy round casting rod in standing furnace;
(3) thermal treatment
Carry out the water atomization steam treatment after the sawing of aluminum alloy round casting rod, the treatment time is 4-5 hour, and temperature is 450-550 ℃, and the aluminum alloy round casting rod is sent into and is heated to 450-490 ℃ in heat treatment furnace, and is incubated 2-3 hour; Then, cooling with quenching oil, the aluminum alloy round casting rod after quenching is sent into be heated to 300-400 ℃ in tempering stove, insulation 50-70min;
(4) forming process
The aluminum alloy round casting rod is heated to 450-500 ℃, the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould that then utilizes extrusion machine to heat, 240-260 ℃ of extrusion mould temperature, extrusion speed 7-8 m/min; Air-cooled section bar surface temperature is put into 1-5 ℃ of water-based hardening liquid and was carried out quench treatment 6-7 minute after 100-130 ℃;
(5) after alignment is processed to the aluminium alloy extrusions process, aluminium alloy extrusions is quenched, quenching temperature 400-500 ℃, the type of cooling is chosen as high wind and coordinates the water smoke quench cooled, guarantees to obtain in matrix high oversaturated sosoloid;
(6) finish within rear 8 hours, aluminium alloy extrusions to be carried out ageing treatment in extruding, aging temp is 165-185 ℃, and soaking time is 6-8h;
(7) to carrying out sub-zero treatment through the section bar after ageing treatment, liquid nitrogen temperature is-125~-150 ℃, and the time of sub-zero treatment is 2-5 hour, and the isothermal time in liquid nitrogen is: the cross-sectional area of section bar multiply by 2~3min/mm
2, the section bar that after sub-zero treatment, temperature has been gone back up to room temperature is put into boiling water heating 60-80 minute of 100 ℃;
(8) electrostatic powder coating
Aluminium alloy extrusions is sprayed on electrostatic powder coating on aluminium alloy extrusions by spray gun after the pre-treatment such as grease-removing agent cleaning, chromaking agent chromaking.
The fineness of described norbide is 5-8 μ m.
Described thermal treatment is carried out the water atomization steam treatment after the sawing of aluminum alloy round casting rod, and the treatment time is 4.5 hours, and temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum alloy round casting rod is sent into and is heated to 480 ℃ in heat treatment furnace, and is incubated 2.5 hours; Then, cooling with quenching oil, the aluminum alloy round casting rod after quenching is sent into be heated to 350 ℃ in tempering stove, insulation 60min.
Added the aluminium scrap material in feed proportioning of the present invention, due to the primary smelting of aluminium scrap material process, its stable components, in formula, increase aluminium scrap material is conducive to the aluminium section bar stable performance therefore do not invent, and when having reduced the smelting of aluminium liquid, appearance does not have the possibility of the Effect of Materials aluminium section bar quality of detection; Adjust the usage ratio of relevant composition in the aluminium formula, further optimize filling a prescription, increased intensity and the hardness of aluminium alloy, be conducive to improve the over-all properties of aluminium alloy extrusions; The steps such as anneal, quench treatment, alignment processing have increased the homogeneity of interior tissue of aluminum and the refinement of crystal grain, have greatly improved quality and the processing characteristics of aluminium alloy extrusions; Aluminium alloy section surface is carried out chromate treating, improved the resistance to corrosion of aluminium alloy section surface oxide film and the bonding force of aluminium alloy extrusions and coating.
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Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with executing example, but be not limited to the following example.
A kind of smelting preparation method of anti-surrender aluminium alloy extrusions includes following operation steps:
(1) configuration aluminium alloy melt:
Press row weight part (kilogram) raw material: 55 parts of aluminium ingots, 32 parts of discarded aluminum products, 5 parts of norbides, 5 parts of nano quartz sand powder carry out proportioning, the fineness of norbide is 5-8 μ m, above-mentioned raw materials is added smelting furnace, being warming up to furnace charge begins to soften when staying, sprinkle one deck insulating covering agent to molten surface and cover, described insulating covering agent is mixed by following weight part (kilogram) component and forms: 20 parts of CaO, 25 parts of AL
2O
3, 35 parts of SiO
2, 12 parts of charcoals, 12 parts of flyash; After furnace charge melts fully, should suitably stir melt, so that temperature uniformity everywhere in the molten bath adds magnesium ingot in the most backward melt;
2) refining treatment: utilize refining agent to carry out refining treatment to aluminium alloy melt, when aluminium alloy melt process refining treatment, and after clawing surface scum, melt can be infused into standing furnace, aluminium alloy melt is warming up to 700-750 ℃ of maintenance 20-30min after entering standing furnace, then utilize argon gas to take the hydrogen in aluminium alloy melt and fine impurities to surface, thereby reduce the hydrogen richness in aluminium liquid; Add the 20Kg sodium removing agent by aluminium alloy melt per ton again, described sodium removing agent is mixed by following weight part (kilogram) component and forms: active calcium carbonate powder 60, magnesium chloride 30, chlordeneization two carbon 2, cast to get the aluminum alloy round casting rod in standing furnace;
(3) thermal treatment
Carry out the water atomization steam treatment after the sawing of aluminum alloy round casting rod, the treatment time is 4.5 hours, and temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum alloy round casting rod is sent into and is heated to 480 ℃ in heat treatment furnace, and is incubated 2.5 hours; Then, cooling with quenching oil, the aluminum alloy round casting rod after quenching is sent into be heated to 350 ℃ in tempering stove, insulation 60min;
(4) forming process
The aluminum alloy round casting rod is heated to 450-500 ℃, the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould that then utilizes extrusion machine to heat, 240-260 ℃ of extrusion mould temperature, extrusion speed 7-8 m/min; Air-cooled section bar surface temperature is put into 1-5 ℃ of water-based hardening liquid and was carried out quench treatment 6-7 minute after 100-130 ℃;
(5) after alignment is processed to the aluminium alloy extrusions process, aluminium alloy extrusions is quenched, quenching temperature 400-500 ℃, the type of cooling is chosen as high wind and coordinates the water smoke quench cooled, guarantees to obtain in matrix high oversaturated sosoloid;
(6) finish within rear 8 hours, aluminium alloy extrusions to be carried out ageing treatment in extruding, aging temp is 165-185 ℃, and soaking time is 6-8h;
(7) to carrying out sub-zero treatment through the section bar after ageing treatment, liquid nitrogen temperature is-125~-150 ℃, and the time of sub-zero treatment is 2-5 hour, and the isothermal time in liquid nitrogen is: the cross-sectional area of section bar multiply by 2~3min/mm
2, the section bar that after sub-zero treatment, temperature has been gone back up to room temperature is put into boiling water heating 60-80 minute of 100 ℃;
(8) electrostatic powder coating
Aluminium alloy extrusions is sprayed on electrostatic powder coating on aluminium alloy extrusions by spray gun after the pre-treatment such as grease-removing agent cleaning, chromaking agent chromaking.
After testing, the product chemical composition is: Si 0.227%, Mg 2.626%, Fe 0.394%, Cu 0.062%, Mn 0.059%, Cr 0.292%, Zn 0.0856%, other elements add up to 0.121%, all the other are Al; Outside demagging, other alloying constituent is brought into by raw material, and mechanical property is: tensile strength is 324MPa, and yield strength is 260MPa, and unit elongation is 16.9%; Surface property is: the local thickness 29 μ m of single-piece, sand trial wear factor 559 g/ μ m, drop alkali test 142s.