CN103100984B - Abrasive automatic feeding device and using method - Google Patents
Abrasive automatic feeding device and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103100984B CN103100984B CN201310076496.6A CN201310076496A CN103100984B CN 103100984 B CN103100984 B CN 103100984B CN 201310076496 A CN201310076496 A CN 201310076496A CN 103100984 B CN103100984 B CN 103100984B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an abrasive automatic feeding device for feeding abrasives through mixing abrasive water jet forward. The device is mainly composed of a hopper, a jet flow pump, a high-pressure abrasive tank, a valve seat installed on the upper part of the high-pressure abrasive tank and a mixing cavity installed on the lower part of the high-pressure abrasive tank; the valve seat is connected with a sand adding pipeline, a high-pressure water pipeline, a low-pressure water pipeline and a safety valve; and the mixing cavity is also connected with the high-pressure water pipeline, an abrasive pipeline and an abrasive water jet flow pipeline. Each flow inlet and each flow outlet as well as each functional component are connected through high-pressure pipelines which are internally provided with high-pressure ball valves, throttling valves and pneumatic ball valves for controlling the pipelines; the jet flow pump is arranged between a feeding pump and the sand adding pipeline; and through the negative pressure effect of the jet flow pump, the abrasive adding operation of the high-pressure abrasion tank is realized. Through the connection and disconnection combination of the high-pressure ball valves, throttling valves and pneumatic ball valves, the device can respectively achieve the three kinds of operations including pure water jet flow, automatic feeding and abrasive water jet flow, is simple in structure, is convenient to operate, is safe and reliable, and can be widely applied to a forward mixing abrasion water jet flow generation system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fluid machinery, be specifically related to a kind of to high-pressure water jet add abrasive material to form the abradant feeding apparatus of front mixing abrasive water jet.
Background technology
Abrasive water jet Flow Technique is the new technology that RECENT DEVELOPMENTS is got up, and is widely used in industry cutting, rock out, surface clean and probing exploitation etc.According to the difference of abrasive material feed postition, abrasive water-jet is divided into front mixing abrasive water jet and rear compound abrasive water jet.Rear mixed abrasive water-jet mixes owing to can not make abrasive material and swiftly flowing water carry out sufficient turbulent fluctuation, significantly reduce the energy transmission efficiency of aqueous medium for abrasive material, when same consumption energy, the depth of cut of rear compound abrasive water jet can reach the half of front mixing abrasive water jet depth of cut, and in rock out, probing exploitation etc., the additional engineering-environment restriction of rock breaking capacity difference due to rear mixed abrasive water-jet, cannot use rear mixing water jet.Therefore, front mixing abrasive water jet research seems particularly important.But front mixing abrasive water jet exists a difficult problem for feeding abrasive material difficulty, had researcher to address this problem, " the highly pressurised liquid abrasive material mixed injection device " announced as [CN 1006869B] relates to abradant feeding apparatus.It utilizes two independent cover water pumps to realize gaza and erosion process respectively, and gaza's process mainly relies on the suction of suction pump, but also has the following disadvantages:
(1) gaza's process need fills water by abrasive can in advance, could realize the water circulation of whole gaza process.
(2) gaza's process makes abrasive material fluidization owing to needing topped up with water in feed hopper, and thus abrasive material that is large for density, easily deposition exists the not high problem of pumping efficiency.
(3) easily there is the problem that aspiration blocks in gaza's process.
(4) although achieve the recycling of water in gaza's process, little for density, particle is little, the abrasive material that has little time to deposit in abrasive can is easily again drawn in suction pump from abrasive can, causes suction pump fault.
(5) two water pumps are used in abradant feeding apparatus, system relative complex.
Above-mentioned deficiency limits the extensive use of abradant feeding apparatus in engineering, is also unfavorable for the testing research of labs abrasive water-jet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that front mixing abrasive water jet adds abrasive material difficulty, jet pump principle is utilized to develop a set of abrasive material automatic supplier, abrasive material can be aspirated fast and efficiently, stable abrasive material mixing jet can be formed again, for the action effect of the abradant jet of laboratory research different medium, the structure optimization of nozzle provide a kind of experimental provision, meet the actual needs of engineering.
A kind of abrasive material automatic supplier of the present invention, the hybrid chamber primarily of feed hopper, jet pump, high-pressure abrasive material tank, the valve seat being arranged on high-pressure abrasive material tank top and bottom is formed:
The top that described high-pressure abrasive material is filled with is provided with valve seat, valve seat is connected with gaza's pipeline, the first water under high pressure pipeline, low-pressure water pipeline;
Described high-pressure abrasive material pot bottom connects hybrid chamber by the 3rd pneumatic ball valve, hybrid chamber is connected with the second water under high pressure pipeline, abrasive material pipeline and abrasive water-jet pipeline, and the outlet of abrasive water-jet pipeline connects nozzle assembly;
Described feed hopper, by gaza's pipeline connecting valve seat, installs jet pump near feed hopper direction in gaza's pipeline, is installing the 5th pneumatic ball valve near valve seat direction.
Water under high pressure pipeline is leaded up to after the second pneumatic ball valve and is divided into two branch roads, one branch road connects hybrid chamber as the second water under high pressure pipeline, another branch road connects the valve seat of high-pressure abrasive material tank as the first water under high pressure pipeline, the first water under high pressure pipeline is arranged choke valve and the first pneumatic ball valve.
Another road of water under high pressure pipeline is third high setting-out pipeline, and it connects jet pump by the 4th pneumatic ball valve, entrainments abrasive material and sends into high-pressure abrasive material tank.
Low-pressure water pipeline is provided with high-pressure ball valve, and the outlet of low-pressure water pipeline connects sedimentation basin.
The present invention is combined by the break-make of described high-pressure ball valve, choke valve and pneumatic ball valve, can realize pure water jets, auto feed and abrasive water-jet three kinds of operations respectively.
Described jet pump is made up of nozzle, material sucking port, negative pressure cavity, anemostat, and described nozzle and anemostat are carbide alloy material.Realize mixing of abrasive material and fluid by the Involving velocity of negative pressure cavity during gaza's operation, namely complete high-pressure abrasive material is filled with add abrasive process.The effect of aspirating abrasive material fast wherein can be reached by Control Nozzle diameter and the diameter ratio of anemostat and the length of negative pressure cavity.
The present invention can adopt the control cabinet of relay―contact control mode, arranges buttons such as starting stopping, and wherein the switch combination by control pneumatic ball valve of each button is to realize pure water jets, auto feed and abrasive water-jet three kinds of operations.
The invention solves front jet mixing flow and add abrasive material difficulty, a troublesome difficult problem, because viscosity increases after abrasive material immersion, cause extraction difficult, so the present invention utilizes jet pump suction dried abrasive material; Because in jet pump, wearing and tearing are severe, in jet pump, nozzle and anemostat must adopt carbide alloy; The container of splendid attire abrasive material in abradant jet generating means---high-pressure abrasive material tank is pressure vessel, and charge door is generally smaller, should not adopt the conveyer such as bucket type, belt, and the present invention adopts the mode of pressure duct fluid-mixing abrasive material to add abrasive material to abrasive can; In addition, to erosion process, the present invention does not adopt water under high pressure only to be formed the form of abradant jet by abrasive material pipe, but by high pressure moisture two parts, a part flows into abrasive can, another part flows through abrasive can outlet injection, doing so avoids the situation causing abrasive can outlet obstruction because pressure in abrasive can is excessive, it is too small to export, and realizes by the flow controlling to flow into water in abrasive can the abrasive concentration controlling abrasive water-jet.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: structure is simple, easy to operate, reduces workload; Gaza's process is without the need to filling water by abrasive can in advance, time saving and energy saving; Because abradant feeding apparatus working environment humidity is high, so control valve of the present invention all adopts pneumatic ball valve, effectively prevent the circuit problem caused because humidity is high; Gaza of the present invention process adopts jet pump suction principle, only need pour abrasive material into feed hopper, compared with other devices, save manpower and time in a large number; The present invention only needs a high-pressure hydraulic pump just can realize pure water jets, auto feed and abrasive water-jet three kinds of operations at high-pressure water inlet access water under high pressure, and do not need other suction pump to assist, structure is simple, failure rate is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of jet pump.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 2: nozzle assembly 1(and abrasive water jet flow export), jet pump 2, abrasive water-jet pipeline 3, 4th pneumatic ball valve 4, hybrid chamber 5, overflow valve 6, pond 7, high-pressure water inlet 8, pump 9, motor 10, third high setting-out pipeline 11, abrasive material pipeline 12, 3rd pneumatic ball valve 13, second pneumatic ball valve 14, second water under high pressure pipeline 15, choke valve 16, sedimentation basin 17, first water under high pressure pipeline 18, low-pressure water pipeline 19, safety valve 20, high-pressure ball valve 21, first pneumatic ball valve 22, valve seat 23, 5th pneumatic ball valve 24, gaza's pipeline 26, feed hopper 27, nozzle 2-1, material sucking port 2-2, negative pressure cavity 2-3, anemostat 2-4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
See Fig. 1, the abrasive material automatic supplier of the present invention's design is formed primarily of feed hopper 27, jet pump 2, high-pressure abrasive material tank 25, the hybrid chamber 5 of valve seat 23 and bottom that is arranged on high-pressure abrasive material tank 25 top.
Described valve seat 23 is connected with gaza's pipeline 26, first water under high pressure pipeline 18, low-pressure water pipeline 19 and safety valve 20;
Described hybrid chamber 5 is connected with the second water under high pressure pipeline 15, abrasive material pipeline 12 and abrasive water-jet pipeline 3.
Connected by pressure duct between described each discrepancy head piece and each functional part, be provided with high-pressure ball valve 21, choke valve 16 and the first to the 5th pneumatic ball valve 22,14,13,4,24 in pipeline, concrete annexation is as follows:
Connect hybrid chamber 5 by the 3rd pneumatic ball valve 13 bottom described high-pressure abrasive material tank 25, hybrid chamber 5 is connected with the second water under high pressure pipeline 15, abrasive material pipeline 12 and abrasive water-jet pipeline 3, the outlet of abrasive water-jet pipeline 3 connects nozzle assembly 1.
Described feed hopper 27, by gaza's pipeline 26 connecting valve seat 23, gaza's pipeline installs jet pump 2 near feed hopper direction, is installing the 5th pneumatic ball valve 24 near valve seat 23 direction.
Water under high pressure pipeline is leaded up to after the second pneumatic ball valve 14 and is divided into two branch roads, one branch road connects hybrid chamber 5 as the second water under high pressure pipeline 15, another branch road connects on valve seat 23, the first water under high pressure pipeline 18 of high-pressure abrasive material tank as the first water under high pressure pipeline 18 and arranges choke valve 16 and the first pneumatic ball valve 22.
Another road of water under high pressure pipeline is as third high setting-out pipeline 11, and it connects jet pump 2 by the 4th pneumatic ball valve 4, entrainments abrasive material and sends into high-pressure abrasive material tank 23.Third high setting-out pipeline 11 is provided with overflow valve 6.
Low-pressure water pipeline 19 is provided with high-pressure ball valve 21, the outlet of low-pressure water pipeline 19 connects sedimentation basin 17.
See Fig. 2, jet pump is made up of nozzle 2-1, material sucking port 2-2, negative pressure cavity 2-3, anemostat 2-4.Nozzle 2-1 and anemostat 2-4 is carbide alloy material.The ejection end of nozzle 2-1 connects negative pressure cavity 2-3, and material sucking port 2-2 is arranged on negative pressure cavity 2-3, the axis layout in 90 ° of its axis and nozzle 2-1, and anemostat 2-4 connects negative pressure cavity 2-3, the dead in line of its axis and nozzle 2-1.Realize mixing of abrasive material and fluid by the Involving velocity of jet pump negative pressure cavity during gaza's operation, namely complete high-pressure abrasive material is filled with add abrasive process.The effect of aspirating abrasive material fast wherein can be reached by Control Nozzle diameter and the diameter ratio of anemostat and the length of negative pressure cavity.
The present invention is combined by the break-make of described high-pressure ball valve 21, choke valve 16 and the first to the five pneumatic ball valve 22,15,13,4,24, and can realize pure water jets, auto feed and abrasive water-jet three kinds of operations respectively, operation process is as follows:
Pure water jets operation: by first and third, four and five pneumatic ball valves 22,13,4,24, choke valve 18, high-pressure ball valve 21 close, pneumatic ball valve 15 is opened.Water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet 8, by the second pneumatic ball valve 14, along the second water under high pressure pipeline 15, flows through hybrid chamber 5, flows out pure water through abrasive water-jet pipeline 3 from nozzle assembly 1.Because in this operation process, the 3rd pneumatic ball valve 13 is in closed condition, do not have abrasive material to enter hybrid chamber 5, thus from nozzle assembly 1 flow out be pure water.
Gaza's operation: by first and second and three pneumatic ball valves 22,14,13, choke valve 16 cuts out, the 4th and the 5th pneumatic ball valve 4,24, high-pressure ball valve 14 opens.Water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet 8, along third high setting-out pipeline 11, entrainment abrasive material by the 4th pneumatic ball valve 4 at jet pump 2 place, the water under high pressure being mixed with abrasive material enters abrasive can 25 through gaza's pipeline 26, abrasive material deposits in abrasive can 25, and excessive water flows into sedimentation basin 17 through low-pressure water pipeline 19.
Abrasive water-jet operation: by the 4th and the 5th pneumatic ball valve 4,24, high-pressure ball valve 21 closes, first and second and three pneumatic ball valves 22,14,13, choke valve 16 opens.Water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet 8, two branch roads are divided into by the second pneumatic ball valve 14, wherein a branch road is by the first water under high pressure pipeline 18, abrasive can 25 is entered through choke valve 16, first pneumatic ball valve 2, another branch road is by the second water under high pressure pipeline 15, flow through hybrid chamber 5, mix the abrasive material flowed out through abrasive material pipeline 12 from abrasive can, flow out from nozzle assembly 1.
Show through test application, the present invention can obtain fast, efficient suction abrasive material also forms the effect stablizing abrasive water-jet, a kind of experimental provision can be provided for the structure optimization of the action effect of the abradant jet of laboratory research different medium, nozzle, meet the actual needs of engineering.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all fall into the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (6)
1. an abrasive material automatic supplier, comprises feed hopper (27), jet pump (2), high-pressure abrasive material tank (25) and connects their gaza's pipeline and water under high pressure pipeline; It is characterized in that:
The top of described high-pressure abrasive material tank (25) is provided with valve seat (23), valve seat is connected with gaza's pipeline (26), the first water under high pressure pipeline (18), low-pressure water pipeline (19);
Described high-pressure abrasive material tank (25) bottom connects hybrid chamber (5) by the 3rd pneumatic ball valve (13), hybrid chamber (5) is connected with the second water under high pressure pipeline (15), abrasive material pipeline (12) and abrasive water-jet pipeline (3), the outlet of abrasive water-jet pipeline (3) connects nozzle assembly (1);
Described feed hopper (27), by gaza's pipeline (26) connecting valve seat (23), installs jet pump (2) near feed hopper direction in gaza's pipeline, is installing the 5th pneumatic ball valve (24) near valve seat (23) direction;
Water under high pressure pipeline is leaded up to after the second pneumatic ball valve (14) and is divided into two branch roads, one branch road connects hybrid chamber (5) as the second water under high pressure pipeline (15), another branch road connects the valve seat (23) of high-pressure abrasive material tank as the first water under high pressure pipeline (18), the first water under high pressure pipeline (18) is arranged choke valve (16) and the first pneumatic ball valve (22);
Another road of water under high pressure pipeline is third high setting-out pipeline (11), and it connects jet pump (2) by the 4th pneumatic ball valve (4), entrainments abrasive material and sends into high-pressure abrasive material tank (25);
Low-pressure water pipeline (19) is provided with high-pressure ball valve (21), the outlet of low-pressure water pipeline (19) connects sedimentation basin (17);
Described abrasive material automatic supplier is that the break-make by controlling high-pressure ball valve (21), choke valve (16) and the first to the 5th pneumatic ball valve (22,14,13,4,24) combines, and realizes pure water jets, auto feed and abrasive water-jet three kinds of operation process respectively:
(1) pure water jets operation: first and third, four and five pneumatic ball valves (22,13,4,24), high-pressure ball valve (21), choke valve (16) are closed, second pneumatic ball valve (14) is opened, water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet (8), by the second pneumatic ball valve (14), along the second water under high pressure pipeline (15), flow through hybrid chamber (5), flow out pure water from nozzle assembly (1);
(2) gaza's operation: first and second and three pneumatic ball valves (22,14,13) and choke valve (16) are closed, 4th and the 5th pneumatic ball valve (4,24), high-pressure ball valve (21) are opened, water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet (8), along third high setting-out pipeline (11), abrasive material is entrainmented at jet pump (2) place by the 4th pneumatic ball valve (4), the water under high pressure being mixed with abrasive material enters high-pressure abrasive material tank (25) through gaza's pipeline (26), abrasive material is deposition in high-pressure abrasive material tank (25), and excessive water flows into sedimentation basin (17) through low-pressure water pipeline (19);
(3) abrasive water-jet operation: by the 4th and the 5th pneumatic ball valve (4, 24), high-pressure ball valve (21) is closed, first, second and the 3rd pneumatic ball valve (22, 14, 13) and choke valve (16) open, water under high pressure enters from high-pressure water inlet (8), two branch roads are divided into by the second pneumatic ball valve (14), wherein a branch road is by choke valve (16), first pneumatic ball valve (22) enters high-pressure abrasive material tank (25), another branch road flows through hybrid chamber (5) and mixes the abrasive material flowed out through abrasive material pipeline (12) by high-pressure abrasive material tank (25), flow out from nozzle assembly (1).
2. abrasive material automatic supplier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described jet pump (2) is made up of nozzle (2-1), material sucking port (2-2), negative pressure cavity (2-3) and anemostat (2-4), the ejection end of nozzle (2-1) connects negative pressure cavity (2-3), material sucking port (2-2) is arranged on negative pressure cavity (2-3), the axis layout in 90 ° of its axis and nozzle (2-1), anemostat (2-4) connects negative pressure cavity (2-3), the dead in line of its axis and nozzle (2-1).
3. abrasive material automatic supplier according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described nozzle (2-1) and anemostat (2-4) are carbide alloy material.
4. the abrasive material automatic supplier according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described valve seat (23) is provided with safety valve (20).
5. the abrasive material automatic supplier according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: on third high setting-out pipeline (11), be provided with overflow valve (6).
6. abrasive material automatic supplier according to claim 5, is characterized in that: during abrasive water-jet operation, by the concentration regulating the aperture of described choke valve (16) to regulate abrasive material in abrasive water-jet.
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| CN201310076496.6A CN103100984B (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | Abrasive automatic feeding device and using method |
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| CN201310076496.6A CN103100984B (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | Abrasive automatic feeding device and using method |
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| CN103100984B true CN103100984B (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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