CN103091709B - Method and device for acquiring longitudinal wave and converted wave seismic data time matching relation - Google Patents
Method and device for acquiring longitudinal wave and converted wave seismic data time matching relation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for acquiring a longitudinal wave and converted wave seismic data time matching relation. The method for acquiring the longitudinal wave and converted wave seismic data time matching relation comprises the steps of acquiring longitudinal wave stacking velocity from the longitudinal seismic data of a study area; determining value ranges of converted wave stacking velocity vc2, converted wave vertical double journey reflection propagation time tc0, and the value ranges of the square ratio gamma iso of the longitudinal wave stacking velocity and the converted wave stacking velocity; discretely sampling the value ranges; extracting an asymptotic common conversion point (ACCP) trace gather; for each ACCP trace gather, calculating converted wave reflection travel time of each seismic channel by using values through discrete sampling, and obtaining scan calculation energy data of the ACCP trace gather; determining a position of the maximum value in the scan calculation energy data corresponding to each tc0 value, and collecting the vc2 value and the gamma is value corresponding to the maximum value; calculating the longitudinal wave stacking velocity based on the collected vc2 value and the collected gamma iso value; conducting minimum error matching of the calculated longitudinal wave stacking velocity and the longitudinal wave stacking velocity from longitudinal wave seismic data, and obtaining time matching relation of the converted wave and the longitudinal wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic exploration technique, relate in particular to the method and apparatus that obtains compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation.
Background technology
Transformed wave seismic prospecting starts from the 1980s, until middle and later periods nineteen nineties, along with three-component digital geophone, ten thousand road seismic instruments and the development of mass data storage technology and the progress of acquisition technique, the acquisition cost of transformed wave geological data constantly declines, and transformed wave seismic prospecting technology obtains application and development more and more widely.Transformed wave is the up secondary wave of the descending primary seismic wave outgoing reflecting at subsurface formations interface, converted to by the descending primary seismic wave of incident.Vertical shear wave earthquake data interpretation based on compressional wave and transformed wave geological data joint interpretation also plays more and more important effect in lithology identification, fluid detection, Reservoir Fracture are described, and the prerequisite of carrying out compressional wave and transformed wave geological data joint interpretation has been the vertical double-pass reflection travel-time coupling work of same geologic horizon on compressional wave, transformed wave geological data.
Compressional wave and transformed wave geological data time match refer to the transformed wave double-pass reflection travel-time are converted to compressional wave double-pass reflection travel-time scale, or the compressional wave double-pass reflection travel-time is converted to transformed wave double-pass reflection travel-time scale, is convenient to the comparison of combined analysis of compressional wave and transformed wave seismic section.Once after the reflection line-ups of zone of interest position has been picked up respectively on compressional wave and converted wave sectional plane, can compressing and converting wave profile, the transformed wave lineups that make to pick up are positioned at the time scale of corresponding compressional wave lineups, and the precision of time match depends on the reliability of horizon picking.The height of time match precision will determine the success or failure of joint interpretation and joint inversion.
Poststack transformed wave geological data is before the coupling work of layer position, and the layer position of general compressional wave is to demarcate, and that is to say and has given clear and definite geological meaning to the layer position of compressional wave.If at this moment the layer position of converted waves data also completed demarcation, give the clear and definite geological meaning in layer position of transformed wave, having with the transformed wave layer bit time of the identical geological meaning in compressional wave layer position, mutually mate with corresponding compressional wave layer bit time so, obtain the layer bit time matching relationship of compressional wave transformed wave geological data.
In oil gas field seismic prospecting, same geologic horizon is in transformed wave geological data and corresponding different vertical double-pass reflection travel-time in longitudinal wave earthquake data, how to find same geologic horizon to show respectively compressional wave and the matching relationship of vertical double-pass reflection separately on transformed wave geological data between the travel-time, significant for compressional wave in oil-gas exploration, transformed wave geological data joint interpretation, joint inversion.But existing layer position matching technique exists many problems, show the aspects such as phase correlation difficulty, " the corresponding crest of crest " concept mistake and tracing of horizons contrast life period error; Especially in the situation that lacking SWAL data, vertical shear wave earthquake data time coupling is just more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of the problems referred to above of the prior art.The invention provides a kind of method that obtains accurately and effectively compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation.
Of the present invention by utilizing the two-parameter equation of transformed wave to carry out two-parameter sweep velocity analysis to the compressional wave of stratiform isotropic medium, transformed wave geological data, from transformed wave geological data, obtain transformed wave stack velocity v
c2with compressional wave-transformed wave stack velocity duplicate ratio γ
iso.Then according to compressional wave stack velocity v
p2, transformed wave stack velocity v
c2with compressional wave-transformed wave stack velocity duplicate ratio γ
isobetween relation, can further calculate compressional wave stack velocity v
p2.By by the stack velocity v calculating from transformed wave geological data
p2with the compressional wave stack velocity v obtaining from longitudinal wave earthquake data '
p2carry out least error the matching analysis (based on making v
p2and v '
p2the principle of difference minimum is mated), thus the time match relation between compressional wave, transformed wave geological data can be obtained, i.e. vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of compressional wave and the matching relationship of the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave between the travel-time.
In one aspect of the invention, proposed a kind of method that obtains compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation, the method comprises the following steps:
Steps A: the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data of obtaining survey region;
Step B: the span of determining transformed wave stack velocity according to described compressional wave stack velocity, according to the degree of depth of the formation at target locations of described survey region and described compressional wave stack velocity, determine the span in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, and according to the span of described compressional wave stack velocity and definite transformed wave stack velocity, determine the span of the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Step C: by the span of the span of described transformed wave stack velocity, described compressional wave stack velocity and the duplicate ratio of transformed wave stack velocity and the span in described transformed wave vertical double-pass reflection travel-time respectively discrete sampling be square ratio and K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time value of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, wherein, M, N and K are natural number;
Step D: extract the nearly geophone offset of described survey region and the transformed wave geological data of middle geophone offset, and extract all asymptotic common-conversion point gather of the transformed wave geological data extracting;
Step e: carry out following steps for each the asymptotic common-conversion point gather in all asymptotic common-conversion point gather extracting:
Step e 1: square ratio and described K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time value that utilize described M transformed wave stack velocity value, a described N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, calculate the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather, and by asking a square also cumulative summation after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in transformed wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather, to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of this asymptotic common-conversion point gather;
Step e 2: for each value in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, determine the position of the maximum value in resulting scanning calculating energy data, extract the corresponding value in position of this maximum value as the duplicate ratio of described transformed wave stack velocity and described compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Step F, the transformed wave stack velocity based on extracting and the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity are calculated the compressional wave stack velocity at corresponding conversion ripple vertical double-pass reflection travel-time place; And
Step G, carries out least error to the compressional wave stack velocity calculating with the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data and mates, and obtains the matching relationship between vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave and the vertical double-pass reflection of compressional wave travel-time.
In another aspect of the present invention, proposed to obtain the device of compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation, this device comprises:
Storage part, the longitudinal wave earthquake data from longitudinal wave earthquake data of this storage portion stores survey region and transformed wave geological data;
Span determination portion, this span determination portion is determined the span of transformed wave stack velocity according to the described compressional wave stack velocity of storing in described storage part, according to the degree of depth of formation at target locations and described compressional wave stack velocity, determine the span in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, and the span of the duplicate ratio of definite compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Discrete portion, this discrete portion by the span of span, described compressional wave stack velocity and the duplicate ratio of transformed wave stack velocity of the described transformed wave stack velocity of being determined by described span determination portion and the span in described transformed wave vertical double-pass reflection travel-time respectively discrete sampling be that square ratio of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity was worth with K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, wherein, M, N and K are natural number;
Asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion, in the transformed wave geological data of the survey region that this asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion stores from described storage part, extract the transformed wave geological data of nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset, and extract all asymptotic transfer point (ACCP) the road altogether collection of the transformed wave geological data extracting;
Scanner section, this scanner section utilizes described M transformed wave stack velocity value, square ratio of described N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity was worth with described K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace of each the asymptotic common-conversion point gather in all asymptotic common-conversion point gather that calculating is extracted by described asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion, and will after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in transformed wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace in described each asymptotic common-conversion point gather, ask a square also cumulative summation, to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of described each asymptotic common-conversion point gather, wherein, described scanner section is for each value in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, determine the position of the maximum value in resulting scanning calculating energy data, extract the corresponding value in position of this maximum value as the duplicate ratio of described transformed wave stack velocity and described compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity,
Compressional wave stack velocity determination portion, the duplicate ratio of the transformed wave stack velocity of this compressional wave stack velocity determination portion based on extracting and compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity is calculated the compressional wave stack velocity at corresponding conversion ripple vertical double-pass reflection travel-time place; And
Matching relationship determination portion, this matching relationship determination portion to the compressional wave stack velocity calculating with from longitudinal wave earthquake data compressional wave stack velocity carry out least error and mate, obtain the matching relationship between vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave and the vertical double-pass reflection of compressional wave travel-time.
According to the present invention, adopt two to control parameters and describe and in stratiform isotropic medium, change wave reflection hourage to carry out transformed wave stack velocity analysis, considered that asymmetrical paths is on the transformed wave reflection impact of hourage simultaneously, nearly offset distance, asymptotic transfer point (ACCP) road altogether of middle common offset transformed wave geological data collection are carried out to two-parameter scanning, to scanning result analysis, can access transformed wave stack velocity model accurately.And, utilize transformed wave stack velocity model assessment to go out compressional wave stack velocity, according to the compressional wave stack velocity of actual measurement, minimize and mate with the difference of the compressional wave stack velocity of estimation, realized the time match of compressional wave, transformed wave, reduced the difficulty of compressional wave transformed wave coupling, improve the precision of compressional wave transformed wave time match, therefore for changing rolling land shake data processing in oil-gas exploration, there is very important using value.
In order to realize aforementioned and relevant object, the present invention includes the feature of after this fully describing and specifically noting in the claims.The following description and drawings have at length been set forth specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention.Yet these embodiments only represent to use several in principle variety of way of the present invention.According to the following detailed description considered by reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, other objects of the present invention, advantage and novel feature will become clear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the acquisition compressional wave of first embodiment of the invention, the process flow diagram of the method for transformed wave geological data time match relation;
Fig. 2 shows from the process flow diagram of the method for the duplicate ratio of transformed wave geological data acquisition transformed wave stack velocity and compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Fig. 3 shows the conversion radio frequency channel collection of theoretical synthetic five layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY;
Fig. 4 shows the conversion radio frequency channel collection of the synthetic five layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY of theory of nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset scope;
Fig. 5 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of ground floor Tc0=800ms;
Fig. 6 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of second layer Tc0=1426ms;
Fig. 7 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 3rd layer of Tc0=1954ms;
Fig. 8 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 4th layer of Tc0=2431ms;
Fig. 9 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of layer 5 Tc0=2875ms;
Figure 10 shows compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation;
Figure 11 shows (a) P-wave section (b) in compressional wave, the test of transformed wave geological data time match and matches the compressional wave converted wave sectional plane in vertical double-pass reflection travel-time; And
Figure 12 shows the second embodiment of the invention block diagram of the device of given layer shape isotropic medium transformed wave stack velocity really.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.In these descriptions and accompanying drawing, specifically disclose specific implementations more of the present invention, represent to implement some modes of principle of the present invention, but should be appreciated that scope of the present invention is not so limited.
At this, it should be noted that, for fear of the details because of unnecessary fuzzy the present invention, only show in the accompanying drawings with according to the closely-related structure of the solution of the present invention and/or treatment step, and omitted well-known to those skilled in the art, with little other details of relation of the present invention.
In the present invention, inventor is by comprising (v
c2, γ
iso) two-parameter model to changing wave reflection in stratiform isotropic medium, to carry out quantificational description hourage as follows:
Wherein, t
cfor the travel-time from shot point to geophone station of transformed wave, or claim transformed wave to reflect hourage; t
c0for the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time; X is offset distance, and shot point is to the horizontal range of geophone station position; v
c2for transformed wave stack velocity; γ
isofor compressional wave stack velocity v
p2with transformed wave stack velocity v
c2duplicate ratio, that is:
When offset distance x is less than or equal to the twice of the reflection degree of depth, the maximum offset that can reach under meeting the prerequisite of sufficiently high accuracy requirement in other words and depth ratio are 2.0(x/z≤2.0) time, formula (1) is set up, and now, the transformed wave travel-time is by (v
c2, γ
iso) two parameters control.These two parameter (v
c2, γ
iso) be also referred to as transformed wave stack velocity model.
Equation (2) shows if two-parameter v
c2and γ
isocan reliably solve, according to compressional wave stack velocity v in formula (2)
p2, transformed wave stack velocity v
c2with compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity duplicate ratio γ
isobetween relation, can from transformed wave geological data, calculate t independently
c0the v at place
p2,
suppose the t obtaining independently from longitudinal wave earthquake data
p0the time stack velocity at place is v '
p2, by minimizing v '
p2and v
p2between the difference of numerical values recited, and contrast v '
p2t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of corresponding compressional wave
p0and v
p2t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of corresponding transformed wave
c0, can obtain so the time match relation between compressional wave and transformed wave geological data.
Therefore, in the present invention, inventor utilizes and comprises (v
c2, γ
iso) transformed wave two-parameter model the nearly offset distance data of transformed wave prestack in isotropy stratiform medium are carried out to two-parameter sweep velocity analysis, from transformed wave geological data, obtain transformed wave stack velocity v
c2with compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity duplicate ratio γ
iso.Then according to formula (2), estimation obtains compressional wave stack velocity v
p2.By by the compressional wave stack velocity v calculating from transformed wave geological data
p2with compressional wave stack velocity v from longitudinal wave earthquake extracting data '
p2carry out least error the matching analysis (based on making v
p2and v'
p2the principle of difference minimum is mated), obtain the time match relation of compressional wave, transformed wave geological data, i.e. vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of compressional wave and the matching relationship of the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave between the travel-time.
In order to calculate compressional wave stack velocity v from transformed wave geological data
p2, first need to obtain transformed wave stack velocity v from transformed wave geological data
c2with compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity duplicate ratio γ
iso.Transformed wave stack velocity model has comprised two parameter (v
c2, γ
iso), in the present invention, by asymptotic transfer point (ACCP:Asymptotic Common Convert Point) the road collection altogether of transformed wave geological data prestack is carried out to two-parameter scanning analysis, estimate transformed wave stack velocity model (v
c2, γ
iso), then calculate corresponding compressional wave stack velocity v
p2thereby, obtain compressional wave, transformed wave time match relation.
Fig. 1 shows the acquisition compressional wave of first embodiment of the invention, the process flow diagram of the method for transformed wave time match relation, and as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the following steps S01-S03:
Step S01, obtains from transformed wave geological data the transformed wave stack velocity v that stratiform isotropic medium is ordered at each ACCP
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
iso.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, this step S01 comprises the steps:
Step S10: the depth z of determining the formation at target locations of survey region.This depth z is the approximate depth value of known zone of interest position.
Step S20: obtain the compressional wave stack velocity v from the longitudinal wave earthquake data of survey region '
p2.
The compressional wave stack velocity v of obtaining '
p2can be the compressional wave stack velocity data v ' of the longitudinal wave earthquake data from survey region collected
p2.Collected compressional wave stack velocity v '
p2can be for example to extract in advance from the longitudinal wave earthquake data of this survey region of collection by longitudinal wave earthquake data speed analytical approach.
Step S30: determine transformed wave stack velocity v
c2t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of span, transformed wave
c0the duplicate ratio γ of span, compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
isospan.
Particularly, can according to the compressional wave stack velocity v of extracting '
p2calculate transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span, transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span for example can be confirmed as (v '
p2/ 3)≤v
c2≤ v '
p2.Certainly, the accuracy requirement based on different, can reasonably change v
c2span.
Can be according to the depth z of the formation at target locations that will analyze by the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time t of formation at target locations
c0span be defined as known seismologic record time span scope, also can be according to compressional wave stack velocity v
p2, transformed wave stack velocity v
c2calculate t with formation at target locations depth z
c0span, for example, t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave
c0span can be confirmed as
certainly, the accuracy requirement based on different, can reasonably change t
c0span.
Determining transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span after, according to determining the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity with above formula (2)
isospan, the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
isospan for example can be confirmed as 1≤γ
iso≤ 4.
Step S40: by determined transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span discrete sampling be M transformed wave stack velocity value, by the duplicate ratio γ of determined compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
isospan discrete sampling be square ratio of N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, and by the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time t
c0span discrete sampling be K value of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave.Wherein, M, N and K are natural number.
Step S50: extract the transformed wave geological data within the scope of nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset from the transformed wave geological data of survey region, and extract all ACCP road collection of the transformed wave geological data extracting.
Particularly, the nearly geophone offset in extraction transformed wave geological data and the data within the scope of middle geophone offset, are extracted the data of x/z≤2.0 scope that is.According to following formula, extract all ACCP road collection of transformed wave geological data:
Wherein, X
accpfor the horizontal range of ACCP point apart from shot point, γ
0for the velocity of longitudinal wave of destination layer position and the ratio of shear wave velocity of survey region actual measurement, and in formula (3), γ
0value be for example
With reference to Fig. 3, show the conversion radio frequency channel collection of theoretical five layers of synthetic HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY.
In addition,, with reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 shows the conversion radio frequency channel collection of the synthetic five layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY of theory of extracted nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset scope (x/z≤2.0).
In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, dotted line represents the position in transformed wave travel-time of calculating according to formula (1).In Fig. 3 and 4, dotted line can prove that with the consistance of theoretical synthetic transformed wave geological data equation (1) is accurately and effectively when offset distance is less than the twice reflection degree of depth.
Step S60: each ACCP road collection of concentrating for extracted all ACCP road is carried out two-parameter (v
c2, γ
iso) scanning, calculate the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace, and obtain the scanning calculating energy data of ACCP road collection, determine the position of maximum value in scanning calculating energy data, obtain the transformed wave stack velocity v corresponding to position of this maximum value
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity-transformed wave stack velocity
iso, comprise the following steps particularly:
Step S601: utilize square ratio and K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time value of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, by calculate transformed wave reflection t hourage with above formula (1)
c.
In addition, calculating transformed wave reflection t hourage of each seismic trace of concentrating in this ACCP road
cafterwards, after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in corresponding conversion wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace that this ACCP road is concentrated, ask a square also cumulative summation, to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of this transformed wave ACCP road collection:
Wherein, E
m, n, krepresent v
c2get m value, γ
isoget n value, t
c0the scanning calculating energy value of the ACCP road collection while getting k value, m=1,2 ..., M, n=1,2 ..., N, k=1,2 ..., K; J is the number of the concentrated all seismic traces in this ACCP road; s
j(τ
l) represent the τ in the j road that this ACCP road is concentrated
lthe discrete sampling value of the transformed wave geological data at discrete time place; τ
lbe and (t
c+ l * dt) the immediate discrete sampling time of value; L is integer, and span is l ∈ [L, L].
Can be according to known seismic wavelet length T perdurability of survey region
wavwletwith the discrete sampling time interval dt of earthquake-capturing record, by following formula, calculate the value of L:
L=(0.5×T
wavwlet)/dt（5）
Fig. 5 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of ground floor Tc0=800ms, Fig. 6 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of second layer Tc0=1426ms, Fig. 7 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 3rd layer of Tc0=1954ms, Fig. 8 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 4th layer of Tc0=2431ms, and Fig. 9 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of layer 5 Tc0=2875ms.
Step S602: the two-parameter scanning result of calculation of determining this ACCP road collection of resulting transformed wave geological data (is t
c0scanning calculating energy data { E while getting k value
m, n, k,
m=1 ... M, n=1 ... N) in the position at maximum value place, extract the corresponding v in position of this maximum value
c2and γ
isovalue as transformed wave stack velocity v
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
iso, that is, survey region is at the two-parameter stack velocity model of transformed wave at this ACCP point place
k=1，2,…K。
By the ACCP road collection repeating step S60 to all transformed wave geological datas, can obtain the two-parameter stack velocity model of transformed wave at all ACCP points place of survey region
k=1,2 ... K.
Following table 1 shows the comparative analysis of theoretical value with the actual computation value obtaining according to first embodiment of the invention of five layers of horizontal model.
Table 1
| Layer position | T c0(ms) | γ iso | *γ * iso | Error (%) | v c2(m/s) | v * c2(m/s) | Error (%) |
| 1 | 800 | 3.00 | 2.78 | 7.3 | 1155 | 1196 | 3.7 |
| 2 | 1426 | 2.80 | 2.70 | 3.6 | 1281 | 1255 | 1.8 |
| 3 | 1954 | 2.64 | 2.63 | 0.4 | 1390 | 1388 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 2431 | 250 | 2.52 | 0.8 | 1478 | 1522 | 0.3 |
| 5 | 2875 | 2.40 | 2.45 | 2.1 | 1552 | 1536 | 1.0 |
Tc0 in table 1 represents the vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of the transformed wave of five layers of every one deck in horizontal model; γ
isowith v
c2it is the theoretical value of modelling; γ
* isowith v
* c2to use the method for first embodiment of the invention to carry out the value that two-parameter scanning analysis obtains according to the synthetic transformed wave geological data of theory.
As shown in table 1, the step S01 really method of given layer shape isotropic medium transformed wave stack velocity adopts two to control parameters and describe and in stratiform isotropic medium, change wave reflection hourage to carry out transformed wave stack velocity analysis, considered that asymmetrical paths is on the transformed wave reflection impact of hourage simultaneously, nearly offset distance, middle common offset transformed wave geological data ACCP road collection are carried out to two-parameter scanning, to scanning result analysis, can access transformed wave stack velocity model accurately.
At step S02, the transformed wave stack velocity v at each ACCP point place determining based on step S01
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
iso, calculate the compressional wave stack velocity at each ACCP point place.
Based on above-mentioned steps S01(, comprising step S10-S60) determined the transformed wave stack velocity v at each ACCP point place
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity-transformed wave stack velocity
isoafterwards, just can according to formula (2), calculate at step S02 the compressional wave stack velocity v at the corresponding conversion ripple vertical double-pass reflection travel-time value place at each ACCP point place
p2.
And by the ACCP road collection repeating step S02 to all transformed wave geological datas, just finally obtain the two-parameter (v of transformed wave at all ACCP points of survey region place
c2, γ
iso) and compressional wave stack velocity v
p2.
At step S03, the compressional wave stack velocity v to the longitudinal wave earthquake data from survey region '
p2with the compressional wave stack velocity v calculating according to the transformed wave geological data of survey region
p2carry out least error coupling, obtain the compressional wave stack velocity v matching
p2and v '
p2each self-corresponding vertical double-pass reflection travel-time t
c0and t
p0between matching relationship, i.e. time match relation between compressional wave, transformed wave.
The t calculating from transformed wave geological data that relatively each ACCP is ordered
c0the v at place
p2with the t extracting from longitudinal wave earthquake data
p0the v ' at place
p2, by the minimized v of difference
p2and v '
p2match, thereby obtain the v matching
p2and v '
p2corresponding t
c0and t
p0between matching relationship, and the time match relation between transformed wave and compressional wave.
Table 2 below shows isotropy stratiform dielectric model parameter list.
Table 2. isotropy stratiform dielectric model parameter list
As in table 2, z
kthe thickness of theoretical synthetic model k layer isotropic medium, k=1,2 ...., 5; v
pkand v
skvelocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity of theoretical synthetic model k layer isotropic medium; t
p0it is the vertical double-pass reflection of the compressional wave travel-time according to theoretical synthetic model calculation of parameter; t
c0it is the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time according to theoretical synthetic model calculation of parameter; v
c2it is the transformed wave stack velocity obtaining according to theoretical synthetic model calculation of parameter; γ
isoby equation (2) definition, by theoretical synthetic model calculation of parameter, obtained; V '
p2according to according to well-known theory synthetic model calculation of parameter t
p0the compressional wave stack velocity at place; v
p2the t calculating from converted waves data according to theoretical synthetic model
c0the compressional wave stack velocity at place.
Figure 10 shows compressional wave, the transformed wave geological data time match relation obtaining according to the data in table 2.
With reference to Figure 10, spider represents t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of compressional wave
p0the speed v at place '
p2; Round dot is t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave
c0the speed v at place
p2.(t
p0, v '
p2), (t
c0, v
p2) value in table 2, list.The match point of marking shows t
c0the v at place
p2and t
p0the v ' at place
p2the difference of value is minimum, has obtained thus the time match relation between compressional wave and transformed wave geological data.The line of link round dot and cross represents t
c0with t
p0between time match relation.
Figure 11 shows the converted wave sectional plane that (a) P-wave section and (b) in the test of compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match match the vertical double-pass reflection of the compressional wave travel-time.From Figure 11, based on same geologic horizon in compressional wave and the coupling work in vertical double-pass reflection travel-time on transformed wave geological data, can utilize the joint interpretation of compressional wave and transformed wave geological data, more effectively carry out lithology identification, fluid detection and Reservoir Fracture and describe.
The method of the acquisition compressional wave of embodiment of the present invention, transformed wave time match relation utilizes the two-parameter equation of transformed wave to carry out computational analysis to the compressional wave of stratiform isotropic medium, transformed wave geological data, and by two compressional wave stack velocity values that obtain are independently carried out to least error the matching analysis, thereby obtain compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation from longitudinal wave earthquake data and transformed wave geological data.
Utilize the two-parameter equation of transformed wave to realize compressional wave, transformed wave time match, reduced the difficulty of compressional wave transformed wave coupling, improved the precision of compressional wave transformed wave time match.
Figure 12 shows the acquisition compressional wave of second embodiment of the invention, the block diagram of the device of transformed wave time match relation.
As shown in figure 12, according to the device of the geological data time match relation of the acquisition compressional wave of second embodiment of the invention, transformed wave, comprise storage part 10, span determination portion 20, discrete portion 30, ACCP road collection extracting part 40, scanner section 50, compressional wave stack velocity determination portion 60 and matching relationship determination portion.
Storage part 10 storage from the compressional wave stack velocity v of the longitudinal wave earthquake data of survey region '
p2and transformed wave geological data.This compressional wave stack velocity v '
p2it can be for example the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data of collecting in advance.
Span determination portion 20 according in storage part 10 storage the compressional wave stack velocity v from longitudinal wave earthquake data '
p2calculate transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span, according to compressional wave stack velocity v '
p2, transformed wave stack velocity v
c2calculate the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time t of formation at target locations with the depth z of the formation at target locations of survey region
c0span, according to determine the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity with above formula (2)
isospan.
Transformed wave stack velocity v
c2span can be confirmed as (v '
p2/ 3)≤v
c2≤ v '
p2, t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave
c0span can be confirmed as
the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
isospan can be confirmed as 1≤γ
iso≤ 4.Certainly, the accuracy requirement based on different, can reasonably change v
c2, t
c0, γ
isospan.
Discrete portion 30 is by by the definite transformed wave stack velocity v of span determination portion 20
c2the duplicate ratio γ of span, compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
isot of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of span, transformed wave
c0span respectively discrete sampling be square ratio and K the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time value of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, wherein, M, N and K are natural number.
Can be according to known seismic wavelet length T perdurability of survey region
wavwletwith the discrete sampling time interval dt of earthquake-capturing record, by calculate the value of L with above formula (5).
The transformed wave geological data of the survey region that ACCP road collection extracting part 40 is stored from storage part 10, extract the transformed wave geological data of nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset scope, and extract the ACCP road collection of the transformed wave geological data extracting.
Particularly, the nearly geophone offset in extraction transformed wave geological data and the data of middle geophone offset scope, are extracted the data of x/z≤2.0 scope that is.According to extract all ACCP road collection of transformed wave geological data with above formula (3).
With reference to Fig. 3, show the conversion radio frequency channel collection of theoretical synthetic five layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY.
In addition, with reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 show the nearly geophone offset that extracted by ACCP road collection extracting part 40 and in the conversion radio frequency channel collection of the synthetic five layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY of theory of geophone offset scope (x/z≤2.0).
In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, dotted line represents the position in transformed wave travel-time of calculating according to formula (1).
Each ACCP road collection that scanner section 50 is concentrated for all ACCP road being extracted by ACCP road collection extracting part 40, utilization is worth with K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time by square ratio of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and the transformed wave stack velocity of 30 discrete samplings of discrete portion, by calculate transformed wave reflection t hourage with above formula (1) and formula (2)
c.
In addition, at transformed wave reflection t hourage that has determined each seismic trace that this ACCP road is concentrated
cafterwards, scanner section 50 is according to asking a square also cumulative summation after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in corresponding conversion wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace of this ACCP road being concentrated with above formula (4), to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of this transformed wave ACCP road collection.
Fig. 5 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of ground floor Tc0=800ms, Fig. 6 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of second layer Tc0=1426ms, Fig. 7 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 3rd layer of Tc0=1954ms, Fig. 8 shows the two-parameter scanning result of transformed wave to the 4th layer of Tc0=2431ms, and Fig. 9 shows the two-parameter scanning result of the transformed wave of layer 5 Tc0=2875ms.
After obtaining the scanning calculating energy data of this transformed wave ACCP road collection, scanner section 50 is determined the t of this ACCP road collection of resulting transformed wave geological data
c0scanning calculating energy data { E while getting k value
m, n, k,
m=1 ... M, n=1 ... Nin the position at maximum value place, extract the corresponding value in position of this maximum value as transformed wave stack velocity v
c2and the duplicate ratio γ of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity
iso, that is, and the two-parameter stack velocity model of transformed wave at this ACCP point place
k=1,2 ... K.
The transformed wave stack velocity that compressional wave stack velocity determination portion 60 is extracted based on scanner section 50 and the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, calculate compressional wave stack velocity according to formula (2).
The compressional wave stack velocity that 70 pairs of matching relationship determination portions calculate is carried out least error with the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data and is mated, and obtains t of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave
c0with the vertical double-pass reflection of compressional wave travel-time t
p0between matching relationship.
The device of the acquisition compressional wave of embodiment of the present invention, transformed wave geological data time match relation utilizes the two-parameter equation of transformed wave to carry out computational analysis to the compressional wave of stratiform isotropic medium, transformed wave geological data, and by two compressional wave stack velocity values that obtain are independently carried out to least error the matching analysis, thereby obtain the time match relation between compressional wave, transformed wave geological data from longitudinal wave earthquake data and transformed wave geological data.
Utilize the two-parameter equation of transformed wave to realize the time match between compressional wave, transformed wave geological data, reduced the difficulty of compressional wave transformed wave geological data time match, improved the precision of compressional wave transformed wave geological data time match.
Should be appreciated that and can realize with hardware, software, firmware or their combination a plurality of parts of the embodiment of the present invention.
Above-described embodiment is for helping to understand object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (10)
1. a method that obtains compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation, the method comprises the following steps:
Steps A: the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data of obtaining survey region;
Step B: the span of determining transformed wave stack velocity according to described compressional wave stack velocity, according to the degree of depth of the formation at target locations of described survey region and described compressional wave stack velocity, determine the span in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, and according to the span of described compressional wave stack velocity and definite transformed wave stack velocity, determine the span of the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Step C: by the span of the span of described transformed wave stack velocity, described compressional wave stack velocity and the duplicate ratio of transformed wave stack velocity and the span in described transformed wave vertical double-pass reflection travel-time respectively discrete sampling be square ratio and K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time value of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, wherein, M, N and K are natural number;
Step D: extract the nearly geophone offset of described survey region and the transformed wave geological data of middle geophone offset, and extract all asymptotic common-conversion point gather of the transformed wave geological data extracting;
Step e: carry out following steps for each the asymptotic common-conversion point gather in all asymptotic common-conversion point gather extracting:
Step e 1: square ratio and described K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time value that utilize described M transformed wave stack velocity value, a described N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity, calculate the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather, and by asking a square also cumulative summation after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in transformed wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather, to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of this asymptotic common-conversion point gather;
Step e 2: for each value in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, determine the position of the maximum value in resulting scanning calculating energy data, extract the corresponding value in position of this maximum value as the duplicate ratio of described transformed wave stack velocity and described compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Step F, the transformed wave stack velocity based on extracting and the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity are calculated the compressional wave stack velocity at corresponding conversion ripple vertical double-pass reflection travel-time value place; And
Step G, carries out least error to the compressional wave stack velocity calculating with the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data and mates, and obtains the matching relationship between vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave and the vertical double-pass reflection of compressional wave travel-time:
Wherein, in described step e, according to following formula, calculate the value of L:
L=(0.5×T
wavwlet)／dt
Wherein, T
wavwletfor seismic wavelet length perdurability in the transformed wave geological data of described survey region; Dt is the discrete sampling time interval of earthquake-capturing record.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the span of described transformed wave stack velocity is:
(v′
p2／3)≤v
c2≤v′
p2
Wherein, v
c2for transformed wave stack velocity; V '
p2for obtained compressional wave stack velocity,
Wherein, the span in vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of described transformed wave is:
Wherein, t
c0for the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time; Z is the degree of depth of the formation at target locations of survey region,
Wherein, the span of the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity is:
1≤γ
iso≤4
Wherein, γ
isoduplicate ratio for compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, in described step D, extracts the asymptotic common-conversion point gather of the transformed wave geological data extracting according to following formula:
Wherein, X
accpfor asymptotic transfer point is altogether apart from the horizontal range of shot point; γ
0for the formation at target locations velocity of longitudinal wave of survey region actual measurement and the ratio of shear wave velocity; X is that shot point is to the horizontal range of geophone station.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, in described step e 1, according to following formula, calculate the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace in asymptotic common-conversion point gather:
Wherein, t
cfor conversion wave reflection hourage; t
c0for the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time; X is that shot point is to the horizontal range of geophone station position; v
c2for transformed wave stack velocity; γ
isoduplicate ratio for compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, obtains the scanning calculating energy data of asymptotic common-conversion point gather according to following formula:
Wherein, E
m, n, krepresent v
c2get m value, γ
isoget n value, t
c0the scanning calculating energy value of the asymptotic common-conversion point gather while getting k value, m=1,2 ..., M, n=1,2 ..., N, k=1,2 ..., K; J is the number of all seismic traces in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather; s
j(τ
l) represent the τ in the j road in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather
lthe discrete value of the transformed wave earthquake that the discrete sampling time is located; τ
lbe and (t
c+ l * dt) the immediate discrete sampling time of value; L is integer, and span is l ∈ [L, L].
6. a device that obtains compressional wave, transformed wave geological data time match relation, this device comprises:
Storage part, the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data of this storage portion stores survey region and transformed wave geological data;
Span determination portion, this span determination portion is determined the span of transformed wave stack velocity according to the described compressional wave stack velocity of storing in described storage part, according to the degree of depth of formation at target locations and described compressional wave stack velocity, determine the span in the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, and the span of the duplicate ratio of definite compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity;
Discrete portion, this discrete portion by the span of span, described compressional wave stack velocity and the duplicate ratio of transformed wave stack velocity of the described transformed wave stack velocity of being determined by described span determination portion and the span in described transformed wave vertical double-pass reflection travel-time respectively discrete sampling be that square ratio of M transformed wave stack velocity value, a N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity was worth with K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, wherein, M, N and K are natural number;
Asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion, in the transformed wave geological data of the survey region that this asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion stores from described storage part, extract the transformed wave geological data of nearly geophone offset and middle geophone offset, and extract all asymptotic common-conversion point gather of the transformed wave geological data extracting;
Scanner section, this scanner section utilizes described M transformed wave stack velocity value, square ratio of described N compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity was worth with described K the vertical double-pass reflection of transformed wave travel-time, the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace of each the asymptotic common-conversion point gather in all asymptotic common-conversion point gather that calculating is extracted by described asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion, and will after the data acquisition sample value stack of 2L+1 the sampled point in transformed wave reflection front and back hourage of each seismic trace in described each asymptotic common-conversion point gather, ask a square also cumulative summation, to obtain the scanning calculating energy data of described each asymptotic common-conversion point gather, wherein, described scanner section is determined the position of the maximum value of corresponding value of vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of each transformed wave in resulting scanning calculating energy data, extract the corresponding value in position of this maximum value as the duplicate ratio of described transformed wave stack velocity and described compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity,
Compressional wave stack velocity determination portion, the duplicate ratio of the transformed wave stack velocity of this compressional wave stack velocity determination portion based on extracting and compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity is calculated the compressional wave stack velocity at corresponding conversion ripple vertical double-pass reflection travel-time place; And
Matching relationship determination portion, this matching relationship determination portion is carried out least error by the compressional wave stack velocity calculating with the compressional wave stack velocity from longitudinal wave earthquake data and is mated, and obtains the matching relationship between vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of transformed wave and the vertical double-pass reflection of compressional wave travel-time;
Wherein, the value of L is calculated by described discrete portion according to following formula:
L=(0.5×T
wavwlet)／dt
Wherein, T
wavwletseismic wavelet length perdurability for described survey region; Dt is the discrete sampling time interval of earthquake-capturing record.
7. device according to claim 6, wherein, the span of described transformed wave stack velocity is:
(v′
p2／3)≤v′
c2≤v′
p2
Wherein, v
c2for transformed wave stack velocity; V '
p2for obtained compressional wave stack velocity,
Wherein, the span in vertical double-pass reflection travel-time of described transformed wave is:
Wherein, t
c0for the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time; Z is the degree of depth of the formation at target locations of survey region,
Wherein, the span of the duplicate ratio of compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity is:
1≤γ
iso≤4
Wherein, γ
isoduplicate ratio for compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity.
8. device according to claim 6, wherein, described asymptotic common conversion point gathering portion extracts the asymptotic common-conversion point gather of the transformed wave geological data extracting according to following formula:
Wherein, X
accpfor asymptotic transfer point is altogether apart from the horizontal range distance of shot point; γ
0for the formation at target locations velocity of longitudinal wave of survey region actual measurement and the ratio of shear wave velocity; X is that shot point is to the horizontal range of geophone station.
9. device according to claim 6, wherein, described scanner section calculates the transformed wave reflection hourage of each seismic trace in asymptotic common-conversion point gather according to following formula:
Wherein, t
cfor conversion wave reflection hourage; t
c0for the vertical double-pass reflection of the transformed wave travel-time; X is that shot point is to the horizontal range of geophone station position; v
c2for transformed wave stack velocity; γ
isoduplicate ratio for compressional wave stack velocity and transformed wave stack velocity.
10. device according to claim 9, wherein, described scanner section obtains the scanning calculating energy data of asymptotic common-conversion point gather according to following formula:
Wherein, E
m, n, krepresent v
c2get m value, γ
isoget n value, t
c0the scanning calculating energy value of the asymptotic common-conversion point gather while getting k value, m=1,2 ..., M, n=1,2 ..., N, k=1,2 ..., K; J is the number of the concentrated all seismic traces in this ACCP road; s
j(τ
l) represent the τ in the j road in this asymptotic common-conversion point gather
lthe discrete value of the transformed wave earthquake that the discrete sampling time is located; τ
lbe and (t
c+ l * dt) the immediate discrete sampling time of value; L is integer, and span is l ∈ [L, L].
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| CN106019373B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of common conversion point gathering method and device |
| CN105911585B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-05-15 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | A kind of extracting method and device of earthquake record regular interference |
| CN107167843B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-05-07 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | More wave time-domain matching process and device |
| CN108508481B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and system of longitudinal wave converted wave seismic data time match |
| CN110780351B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-11-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Longitudinal wave and converted wave prestack joint inversion method and system |
| CN110261908A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Effective converted wave stacking image method |
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| CN102062873A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for matching longitudinal and transverse waves |
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