CN106019373B - A kind of common conversion point gathering method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to converted wave seismic data process field more particularly to a kind of common conversion point gathering method and devices.The embodiment of the present application is on the basis of the parameters such as stack velocity, vertical speed ratio are obtained, determine aqueduct sampling point with the correspondence between Efferent tube by calculating the spatial position of CCP, and combine converted wave double flat root calculation formula, by aqueduct sampling point, accurately mapping is added on the corresponding sampling point of Efferent tube, after carrying out above-mentioned processing to all input earthquake trace records, the extraction process of entire CCP trace gathers is completed.It moves in simple whole road compared with the prior art, the method of the embodiment of the present application considers the characteristics of converted wave reflection path, by the spatial position curve for calculating CCP, time and spatial position caused by converted waves data is accurately mapped to, the characteristics of meeting space-variant when converted wave is total to transfer point well, improves poststack image quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of converted wave seismic data processing, in particular to a common conversion point gather extraction method and device.
Background
One of the key steps in converted wave seismic data processing is the extraction of Common Conversion Point (CCP) gathers, which is one of the most important differences between converted wave processing and conventional longitudinal wave processing. Because the ray path of the converted wave is longitudinal wave at the downlink and transverse wave at the uplink, the ray path is asymmetric, the conversion point is positioned at one side of the central point deviated to the receiving point and changes along with the depth and the speed, and the extraction of the CCP gather is far more complicated than that of the conventional longitudinal wave common central point (CMP) gather. Even in the case of horizontal laminar media, dispersion of the transition point position causes loss of amplitude information after superposition, and therefore, the accuracy of the CCP gather directly affects the quality of superposition and imaging.
At present, the selection and ranking method of CCP channel set still mainly uses whole channel selection and ranking, mainly asymptotic approach channel classification method and depth-dependent selection and ranking method. The asymptotic approach classification method is to calculate the asymptote of a conversion point through a fixed speed ratio of a work area, and then extract the converted wave data of the whole work area into an asymptotic trace set, namely an ACP trace set. The depth-dependent sorting method is only correct for a certain depth, can perform focusing imaging on a target layer, and is more suitable for converted wave processing with a shallow target layer. The common conversion point gather mainly selects the whole channel, but the selection method mainly selects the whole channel has certain application conditions due to the fact that the characteristic of a reflection path of the converted wave is not considered, and the requirements of the converted wave on the change of the conversion point in time and space cannot be well met, so that the superposition and imaging quality are directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for extracting a common transition point gather, so as to meet the requirements of transition waves on the change of transition points in time and space, and further improve the post-stack imaging quality.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for extracting a common switching point gather, including:
reading a channel of seismic data from the seismic data of the converted channel set as an input channel, and acquiring a common conversion point CCP spatial position curve of the input channel according to relevant parameters of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio;
acquiring an asymptote ACP point position of the input channel, and determining an output channel range corresponding to the input channel according to the ACP point position and a receiving point position of the input channel;
acquiring a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel according to the CCP space position curve and the output channel range;
and performing CCP gather extraction on all seismic channel seismic data in the converted channel gather seismic data to obtain a CCP gather of the converted channel gather seismic data.
Further, the obtaining a CCP gather extraction result of the input track according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output track range of the input track includes:
reading an output channel from the output channel range, and calculating the horizontal distance between each time sample point of the output channel and the CCP space curve;
determining effective time sampling points of the output channels according to the horizontal distance; when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point;
calculating the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling points, and picking up the amplitude of the sampling points corresponding to the travel time in the input channel;
accumulating the sample point amplitude to the effective time sample point to obtain a CCP gather extraction result corresponding to the output channel;
and performing CCP gather extraction processing on all output channels in the output channel range to obtain CCP gather extraction results of the input channels.
Further, the CCP spatial position curve of the input track is obtained using the following formula:
wherein,
in the formula, xccpThe horizontal distance from the CCP point to the seismic source; x is the absolute offset of the input track; v. ofcThe stacking speed is used; gamma ray0Is the vertical velocity ratio; gamma rayeffIs the effective velocity ratio.
Further, obtaining the position of an asymptotic ACP point of the input track by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, xACPIs the horizontal distance from the ACP point to the seismic source, and gamma is the vertical velocity ratio gamma0Is measured.
Further, the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is calculated by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, xPThe horizontal distance from the output channel to the seismic source; x is the number ofSFor horizontal distance of output track to receiving point, vPIs the velocity of the longitudinal wave; v. ofSIs the shear wave velocity.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a common switching point gather extraction apparatus, including:
the CCP spatial position curve acquisition unit is used for reading a piece of seismic data from the converted channel set seismic data as an input channel and acquiring a CCP spatial position curve of a common conversion point of the input channel according to relevant parameters of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio;
an output channel range determining unit, configured to obtain an ACP point position of the input channel, and determine an output channel range corresponding to the input channel according to the ACP point position and a receiving point position of the input channel;
an input channel CCP gather extracting unit, configured to obtain a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output channel range;
and the seismic data CCP gather obtaining unit is used for extracting the CCP gathers from all seismic data of the seismic channels in the converted channel set seismic data to obtain the CCP gathers of the seismic data of the converted channel set.
Further, the obtaining a CCP gather extraction result of the input track according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output track range of the input track includes:
a horizontal distance calculating subunit, configured to read an output trace from the output trace range, and calculate a horizontal distance between each time sample point of the output trace and the CCP spatial curve;
the effective time calculation subunit is used for determining effective time sampling points of the output channel according to the horizontal distance; when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point;
a sampling point amplitude picking subunit, configured to calculate a travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling point, and pick up a sampling point amplitude corresponding to the travel time in the input channel;
a CCP gather extraction subunit, configured to accumulate the sample amplitude to the effective time sample point to obtain a CCP gather extraction result corresponding to the output channel;
and the input channel CCP gather acquisition subunit is used for performing the CCP gather extraction processing on all output channels within the output channel range to acquire a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel.
Further, the CCP spatial position curve of the input track is calculated using the following formula:
wherein,
in the formula, xccpThe horizontal distance from the CCP point to the seismic source; x is the absolute offset of the input track; v. ofcThe stacking speed is used; gamma ray0Is the vertical velocity ratio; gamma rayeffIs the effective velocity ratio.
Further, the ACP point position of the input track is calculated by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, xACPIs the horizontal distance from the ACP point to the seismic source, and gamma is the vertical velocity ratio gamma0Is measured.
Further, the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is calculated by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, xPThe horizontal distance from the output channel to the seismic source; x is the number ofSFor horizontal distance of output track to receiving point, vPIs the velocity of the longitudinal wave; v. ofSIs the shear wave velocity.
According to the embodiment of the application, on the basis of obtaining parameters such as stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio and the like, the corresponding relation between the input channel sampling point and the output channel is determined by calculating the CCP space position, the accurate mapping and accumulation of the input channel sampling point to the sampling point corresponding to the output channel are carried out by combining a converted wave double square root calculation formula, and after all input seismic channel records are processed, the extraction process of the whole CCP channel set is completed. The CCP gather extraction method is simple and efficient, effective energy is easier to identify, and subsequent speed updating and superposition imaging are facilitated.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a common transition point gather extraction method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a common transfer point gather extraction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 3(a) -3 (b) are schematic diagrams comparing ACP gathers extracted at the same spatial location and CCP gathers extracted according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 4(a) -4 (b) are schematic diagrams comparing ACP gathers extracted at another same spatial location with CCP gathers extracted according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5(a) -5 (b) are schematic diagrams comparing the overlay cross-section obtained by overlaying the conventional ACP trace set with the overlay cross-section obtained by overlaying the CCP trace set according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The following describes embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for extracting a common switching point gather, including:
s1, reading a seismic data from the converted wave channel set seismic data as an input channel, and calculating a common conversion point CCP space position curve of the input channel according to the relevant parameters of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio.
The essence of CCP gather extraction in the embodiments of the present application is to relocate the converted wave seismic data to the spatial location where it was generated and to eliminate the kinematically corrected moveout due to non-zero offset in the process. The input Data is converted wave pre-stack Data (s, r, t) after pre-processing steps such as static correction and denoisingPS) The output data is converted wave CCP Gather (m, h, t) ordered according to offset after dynamic correctionc) The extraction of CCP channel can be defined as a data mapping process according to the conversion relation between the two different parameters
Data(s,r,tPS)→Gather(m,h,tc)
In the above formula, tPSRepresenting the two-way travel time of the converted wave, tcRepresenting the two-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after the dynamic time correction difference is eliminated, s and r respectively represent the positions of a seismic source and a receiving point, h is s-r and represents an offset vector, and m represents the spatial position of an output channel. For converted wave data, m is a function of parameters relating to the source, the point of reception, the travel time, etc., due to the reflected path asymmetry.
In the embodiment of the application, a seismic Data (s, r, t) is read from the seismic Data of the converted wave channel setPS) As input channels, according to the corresponding seismic source position of the input channelAnd the position of the receiving pointThe CCP spatial position curve corresponding to the input track can be calculated by using a CCP calculation formula in the laminated medium.
In the embodiment of the present application, the CCP spatial position curve of the input channel may be calculated by using the following formula:
wherein,
in the formula, xccpThe horizontal distance from the CCP point to the seismic source; x is the absolute offset of the input track; t is tcRepresenting the two-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after the dynamic correction time difference is eliminated; v. ofcThe stacking speed is used; gamma ray0Is the vertical velocity ratio; gamma rayeffIs the effective velocity ratio; wherein,is absolute offset and indicates that the track has only a vector of offset to offsetContributes to the output lane.
In an embodiment of the present application, before step S1, the method further includes:
and carrying out time domain velocity analysis on the converted channel set seismic data of the target area to obtain stacked acceleration data, vertical velocity ratio data and effective velocity ratio data.
Correspondingly, in step S1, the relevant parameters corresponding to the input track may be obtained from the stack acceleration data, the vertical velocity ratio data, and the effective velocity ratio data.
S2, calculating the ACP point position of the input channel, and determining the output channel range corresponding to the input channel according to the ACP point position and the receiving point position of the input channel.
In the embodiment of the present application, the position of the asymptotic ACP point of the input track may be calculated by using the following formula:
in the formula, xACPIs the horizontal distance from the ACP point to the seismic source, x is the absolute offset of the input track, and gamma is the vertical velocity ratio gamma0Is measured.
In the embodiment of the present application, the output tracks contributed by the input tracks are defined between the ACP points and the receiving points, so that the output track range corresponding to the input tracks can be determined, and therefore, the subsequent processing can be performed on the output tracks in the output track range, thereby saving a large amount of computing time.
And S3, acquiring a CCP gather extraction result of the input track according to the CCP space position curve and the output track range.
In an embodiment of the present application, the obtaining a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output channel range includes:
reading an output channel from the output channel range, and calculating the horizontal distance between each time sample point of the output channel and the CCP space curve;
determining effective time sampling points of the output channels according to the horizontal distance; when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point;
calculating the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling points, and picking up the amplitude of the sampling points corresponding to the travel time in the input channel;
accumulating the sample point amplitude to the effective time sample point to obtain a CCP gather extraction result corresponding to the output channel;
and performing CCP gather extraction processing on all output channels in the output channel range to obtain CCP gather extraction results of the input channels.
In the embodiment of the present application, an output trace is read from the range of the output trace determined in step S2, a horizontal distance between each actual sampling point of the output trace and the CCP curve is calculated, and an effective time sampling point of the output trace is determined according to the horizontal distance; and when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point. In the embodiment of the application, according to the characteristics of the converted wave, the preset threshold is a value of a grid interval, that is, when the horizontal distance is smaller than one grid interval, the time sampling point is considered to be an effective time sampling point; when the horizontal distance is greater than one grid spacing, the time samples are considered invalid. The grid spacing in the embodiment of the present application is the output trace grid spacing, and the horizontal distance represents the closeness of the output trace to the CCP curve, and if the output trace is very close, the horizontal distance represents that the corresponding time evolution contributes to the output trace. In the embodiment of the application, the horizontal distance between each time sample point and the CCP space curve is considered, and the effective time sample point is determined through the horizontal distance, so that the CCP gather can be extracted through the effective time sample point.
In the embodiment of the application, for the determined effective time sampling point, the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling point and the determined converted wave path of the seismic source and the receiving point can be calculated according to a double square root formula, and then the amplitude of the sampling point corresponding to the travel time in the input channel is picked up; and accumulating the sample point amplitude to the corresponding effective time sample point, thereby obtaining the extraction result of the CCP gather corresponding to the output channel. In the embodiment of the application, the travel time represents the propagation time of seismic waves to the receiving point through the time sampling point after the seismic waves are excited by the seismic source.
In the embodiment of the present application, the double square root formula is:
in the formula, tPSTwo-way travel time for converted waves; t is tcRepresenting the two-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after the dynamic correction time difference is eliminated; x is the number ofPThe horizontal distance from the output channel to the seismic source; x is the number ofSFor horizontal distance of output track to receiving point, vPIs the velocity of the longitudinal wave; v. ofSIs the shear wave velocity.
And S4, performing CCP gather extraction on all seismic channel seismic data in the converted channel gather seismic data to obtain a CCP gather of the converted channel gather seismic data.
In the embodiment of the present application, steps S1 to S3 are repeated for all seismic trace seismic data in the converted channel set seismic data, so that a CCP channel set of the converted channel set seismic data can be obtained.
According to the embodiment of the application, on the basis of obtaining parameters such as stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio and the like, the corresponding relation between the input channel sampling point and the output channel is determined by calculating the CCP space position, the accurate mapping and accumulation of the input channel sampling point to the sampling point corresponding to the output channel are carried out by combining a converted wave double square root calculation formula, and after all input seismic channel records are processed, the extraction process of the whole CCP channel set is completed. Compared with the simple whole-lane moving in the prior art, the method provided by the embodiment of the application considers the characteristics of the reflection path of the converted wave, and accurately maps the converted wave data to the generated time and space positions by calculating the space position curve of the CCP and determining the effective time sampling points through the space position curve of the CCP, so that the change requirements of the converted wave on the conversion points in time and space are well met, and the imaging quality after the superposition is improved.
For the purpose of clearly illustrating the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) are ACP trace sets and CCP trace sets extracted at the same spatial location (Line400, CMP300), respectively; FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are ACP trace sets and CCP trace sets extracted from another same spatial location (Line400, CMP300), respectively; as can be seen from the figure, the CCP gather extracted by the embodiment of the application has higher signal-to-noise ratio, and the effective energy is easier to identify, thereby being more beneficial to subsequent speed updating and superposition imaging. Fig. 5(a) is a superimposed cross section obtained by superimposing a conventional ACP gather, and fig. 5(b) is a post-superimposed cross section obtained by superimposing a CCP gather extracted according to an embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen from comparison between fig. 5(a) and fig. 5(b) that the CCP superimposed cross section shows more construction details, has stronger in-phase axis continuity, and has a higher signal-to-noise ratio, and the imaging quality is significantly better than that of the ACP superimposed cross section.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a common transition point gather extraction apparatus, including:
a CCP spatial position curve obtaining unit 21, configured to read a seismic data from a converted channel set seismic data as an input channel, and obtain a CCP spatial position curve of a common conversion point of the input channel according to a relevant parameter of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio;
an output track range determining unit 22, configured to obtain an ACP point position of the input track, and determine an output track range corresponding to the input track according to the ACP point position and a receiving point position of the input track;
an input channel CCP gather extracting unit 23, configured to obtain an CCP gather extracting result of the input channel according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output channel range;
and a seismic data CCP gather obtaining unit 24, configured to perform CCP gather extraction on all seismic data in the converted channel set seismic data, and obtain a CCP gather of the converted channel set seismic data.
The components of the apparatus of this embodiment are respectively used to implement the steps of the method of the foregoing embodiment, and since the steps have been described in detail in the method embodiment, no further description is given here.
According to the embodiment of the application, on the basis of obtaining parameters such as stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio and the like, the corresponding relation between the input channel sampling point and the output channel is determined by calculating the CCP space position, the accurate mapping and accumulation of the input channel sampling point to the sampling point corresponding to the output channel are carried out by combining a converted wave double square root calculation formula, and after all input seismic channel records are processed, the extraction process of the whole CCP channel set is completed. Compared with the simple whole-lane moving in the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the characteristics of the reflection path of the converted wave are considered, the converted wave data are mapped to the accurate time and space positions by calculating the space position curve of the CCP, the change requirements of the converted wave on the conversion point in time and space are well met, and the imaging quality after the superposition is improved.
In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of the three. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media that facilitate transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. For example, such computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or store program code in the form of instructions or data structures and which can be read by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for extraction of a common transition point gather, the method comprising:
reading a channel of seismic data from the seismic data of the converted channel set as an input channel, and acquiring a common conversion point CCP spatial position curve of the input channel according to relevant parameters of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio;
acquiring an asymptote ACP point position of the input channel, and determining an output channel range corresponding to the input channel according to the ACP point position and a receiving point position of the input channel;
acquiring a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel according to the CCP space position curve and the output channel range;
extracting the CCP channel set from all seismic channel seismic data in the converted channel set seismic data to obtain the CCP channel set of the converted channel set seismic data; wherein,
the acquiring a CCP gather extraction result of the input track according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output track range includes:
reading an output channel from the output channel range, and calculating the horizontal distance between each time sample point of the output channel and the CCP space curve;
determining effective time sampling points of the output channels according to the horizontal distance; when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point;
calculating the travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling points, and picking up the amplitude of the sampling points corresponding to the travel time in the input channel;
accumulating the sample point amplitude to the effective time sample point to obtain a CCP gather extraction result corresponding to the output channel;
and performing CCP gather extraction processing on all output channels in the output channel range to obtain CCP gather extraction results of the input channels.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the CCP spatial position curve of said input track is obtained using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow>
wherein,
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula, xccpThe horizontal distance from the CCP point to the seismic source; x is the absolute offset of the input track; v. ofcThe stacking speed is used; gamma ray0Is the vertical velocity ratio; gamma rayeffEffective velocity ratio, tcThe double-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after the dynamic timing difference is eliminated.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the asymptotic ACP point location of the input track is obtained using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula, xACPIs the horizontal distance from the ACP point to the seismic source, and gamma is the vertical velocity ratio gamma0X is the absolute offset of the input track, γ0Is the vertical velocity ratio.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the travel time corresponding to the valid time samples is calculated using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>+</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow>
in the formula, xPThe horizontal distance from the output channel to the seismic source; x is the number ofSFor horizontal distance of output track to receiving point, vPIs the velocity of the longitudinal wave; v. ofSIs the transverse wave velocity, tcFor eliminating the double-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after dynamic timing difference, gamma0Is the vertical velocity ratio.
5. A common transition point gather extraction apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the CCP spatial position curve acquisition unit is used for reading a piece of seismic data from the converted channel set seismic data as an input channel and acquiring a CCP spatial position curve of a common conversion point of the input channel according to relevant parameters of the input channel; wherein the relevant parameters include: stacking velocity, vertical velocity ratio, and effective velocity ratio;
an output channel range determining unit, configured to obtain an ACP point position of the input channel, and determine an output channel range corresponding to the input channel according to the ACP point position and a receiving point position of the input channel;
an input channel CCP gather extracting unit, configured to obtain a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel according to the CCP spatial position curve and the output channel range;
a seismic data CCP gather obtaining unit, configured to perform CCP gather extraction on all seismic data of the seismic channels in the converted channel set seismic data, and obtain a CCP gather of the converted channel set seismic data; wherein,
the input channel CCP gather extraction unit comprises:
a horizontal distance calculating subunit, configured to read an output trace from the output trace range, and calculate a horizontal distance between each time sample point of the output trace and the CCP spatial curve;
the effective time sampling point determining subunit is used for determining effective time sampling points of the output channel according to the horizontal distance; when the horizontal distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, the time sampling point corresponding to the horizontal distance is an effective time sampling point;
a sampling point amplitude picking subunit, configured to calculate a travel time corresponding to the effective time sampling point, and pick up a sampling point amplitude corresponding to the travel time in the input channel;
a CCP gather extraction subunit, configured to accumulate the sample amplitude to the effective time sample point to obtain a CCP gather extraction result corresponding to the output channel;
and the input channel CCP gather acquisition subunit is used for performing the CCP gather extraction processing on all output channels within the output channel range to acquire a CCP gather extraction result of the input channel.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the CCP spatial location curve for said input track is calculated using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow>
wherein,
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula, xccpFor CCP point-to-shockHorizontal distance of the source; x is the absolute offset of the input track; v. ofcThe stacking speed is used; gamma ray0Is the vertical velocity ratio; gamma rayeffEffective velocity ratio, tcThe double-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after the dynamic timing difference is eliminated.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the ACP point locations of the input tracks are calculated using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula, xACPIs the horizontal distance from the ACP point to the seismic source, and gamma is the vertical velocity ratio gamma0X is the absolute offset of the input track, γ0Is the vertical velocity ratio.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the travel time corresponding to the valid time samples is calculated using the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>+</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow>
in the formula, xPThe horizontal distance from the output channel to the seismic source; x is the number ofSFor horizontal distance of output track to receiving point, vPIs the velocity of the longitudinal wave; v. ofSIs the transverse wave velocity, tcFor eliminating the double-pass vertical propagation time of the converted wave after dynamic timing difference, gamma0Is the vertical velocity ratio.
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