CN103090558B - High temperature solar heat collecting device in one - Google Patents

High temperature solar heat collecting device in one Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103090558B
CN103090558B CN201310037282.8A CN201310037282A CN103090558B CN 103090558 B CN103090558 B CN 103090558B CN 201310037282 A CN201310037282 A CN 201310037282A CN 103090558 B CN103090558 B CN 103090558B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat
rotating disk
solenoid
spherical
working medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201310037282.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103090558A (en
Inventor
曾令伦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201310037282.8A priority Critical patent/CN103090558B/en
Publication of CN103090558A publication Critical patent/CN103090558A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103090558B publication Critical patent/CN103090558B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, mainly comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir.Heat sink has more than 1 cover or 1 cover, and often cover comprises 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror.Spherical diaphotoscope is 1 large spherical frame, the small-sized Fresnel lens of surface inserting some, and its optically focused focus all drops in the pellet shapes heat dump of framework central authorities.Two-face mirror, under circuit controls automatically, rotates, by light reflection on large spherical diaphotoscope with sunlight offset synchronous.It mainly utilizes Fresnel lens and mirror technology, and by solar ray collecting in heat dump, heating working medium water, becomes high-temperature high-pressure steam, input heat reservoir.The preset multiple interface of heat reservoir, Absorbable rod other respectively overlap the water vapor that heat dump or boiler or turbogenerator etc. discharge.Effect of the present invention take working medium as carrier, and the sun power absorbed is got up as thermal energy storage.

Description

High temperature solar heat collecting device in one
Technical field
The present invention relates to high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, be widely used in the technical field such as clean energy resource development, solar light-heat power-generation industry, sun power diversification utilization.
Background technology
At present, solar thermal collector mainly comprises the types such as flat plate collector, vacuum tube collector, groove type heat collector, tower-type heat collector and dish-style heat collector.Wherein, what can be used for solar energy thermal-power-generating mainly contains high-temperature heat-gathering technology in slot type, tower and dish-style heat collector etc.But slot type, tower and dish-style heat collector, not only need precisely complicated to day tracker, and need huge heliostat, catoptron etc., floor area is excessive.As in October, 2012, gone into operation at Sanya, Hainan by the solar light-heat power-generation project of Huaneng Group group independent research, utilize sun power to produce the superheated vapor of 400-450 DEG C, but its collecting system takes up an area 10000m 2left and right (see Polaris photovoltaic net " first bar line focus open steam formula photo-thermal power generation is gone into operation ", on November 7th, 2012 is issued); In August, 2012, by Chinese Academy of Sciences electrician take the lead research and development tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, Yanqing debug successfully, 400 DEG C of high-temperature vapours can be produced, promote 1.5 megawatt turbodynamos to run, but system comprises the thermal-arrest tower of 119 meters high, is dispersed with 100 huge glass mirrors (heliostat) in fan on the ground, southern side of tower, 100 square metres, every face mirror is (see CSTNet news " the station stable operation of China's seat of honour solar energy thermal-power-generating ", reporter Li great Qing, on Dec 14th, 2012 is issued).So huge equipment, construction cost is high, floor area is wide, is difficult to large-scale promotion application, especially cannot apply at space.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, mainly comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir.Heat sink has more than 1 cover or 1 cover, often overlap heat sink and comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope (Figure 18), two sides hemispherical mirror (10,11, or 30,31, or 37,38, or 41,42), 1 transparent sphere solar heat absorber (Figure 11) and 1 working medium heat reservoir (Fig. 3).Wherein, large spherical diaphotoscope (Figure 18) is 1 macrotype spherical framework, and lower end is provided with circular hole, is worn to central authorities from the bottom to top by 1 hollow cone (12, or 50), and is supported fixing by this cone; Framework ball surface inserting some Fresnel lenses, each Fresnel lens is trapezoidal concave surface (2), the rounded concave surface in the top (1), outside groove faces, towards sunlight, optically focused focal length is longer, focus all drops in the solar heat absorber (36) of spherical frame central authorities, guarantees that light can gather in heat dump from all directions.Solar heat absorber is 1 small-sized transparent globe (Figure 11), be located at spherical frame central authorities, its housing is double-deck quartzy slope glass, inner-layer thick (176), outer thin (179), intermediate course is vacuum (177), connect liner with some little glass blocks (178) between interlayer, inside and outside shell is connected as a single entity, shell is set with a transparent sphere net (180); The built-in pintongs shape absorber plate (175) of heat dump, an external aqueduct (173), a defeated steam pipeline (182); Heat dump is supported fixing by the upper end section that 1 hollow cone cuts body (12), and two working medium pipelines (6,14) are installed in this cylinder.Working medium heat reservoir is a large-scale hollow circular cylinder (Fig. 3), and internal layer adopts the anti-ceramic water of unique construction (23), middle level adopts Stainless Steel Shell (24), outer employing insulation material (25).Peripheral at large spherical diaphotoscope, the large-scale hemispherical mirror (11 of one side is installed, or 31, or 38, or 42), the small-sized hemispherical mirror (10 of one side, or 30, or 37, or 41), two-face mirror is with hollow cone (12, or 50) centered by, face to face, bottom is connected as a single entity, and have concave curvatures (29, or 39) and cone (12, or 50) connect, their radius is 2 times of large spherical diaphotoscope (Figure 18) radius, lower end is fixed on an annular rotating disk (45), rotating disk is provided with corner bracket (43, 44) by two-face mirror (41, 42) support, rotating disk (45) can around rotating shaft (47) rotating 360 degrees.Below the center of carrying small mirrors, under a semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet (46, or 52) is articulated in bottom plate of turntable, oral area down, distributes along rotating disk radius; Rotating disk lower end is supported by a hollow cylindrical rotating shaft (47), rotating shaft lower end frame is located on a circular ring type chassis (48), chassis (48) is erected at again in a large rotating shaft of hollow cylindrical (49), and is provided with latch and can fixes people's rotating shaft.Hollow cone (50) from the bottom to top, large rotating shaft (49), annular chassis (48), rotating disk lower rotary shaft (47), annular rotating disk (45), two sides hemispherical mirror (41 under being each passed through chassis, 42), large spherical diaphotoscope (Figure 18), the spherical heat dump of upper support (Figure 11).
Solar tracking system designs
Chassis area (48, or 53) is a bit larger tham rotating disk area (45, or 51), and edge of its side is on the sunny side fixedly installed a smaller part ball photoreceptor (54).On chassis centered by the center of circle, the semiclosed rectangular solenoid of radiation profiles some (55--69), built-in soft magnetic material, outer around copper core wire circle, upward, permanent magnet on length and rotating disk (46, or 52) is identical for oral area, solenoidal two oral areas of every bar can with two oral area vis-a-vis of top permanent magnet (46, or 52).In the semi-circumference facing south a side, be uniformly distributed 11 solenoids (55--65), article 1, solenoid (55) is parallel to the diameter limit (54) of smaller part ball photoreceptor, as starting point, turn clockwise 18 °, 1 solenoid is set, then turns clockwise 18 °, the 2nd bar of solenoid is set; Like this, turn clockwise 10 18 °, set up 10 solenoids, Sub_clause 11 solenoid (65) and the 1st article of solenoid (55) are positioned at same diametrically; In the semi-circumference of an in the shade side, with last 1 solenoid (i.e. Sub_clause 11) (65) of upper semi-circle for starting point, set up 4 solenoids, 36 °, equal interval, arrives the 1st article of position (55) after last 1 article (namely the 15th article) (69) rotate 36 °.So, around a circle, 15 solenoids are set altogether.Wherein, upper semi-circle 1--10 article of solenoid (55--64) and last 1 article of lower half circle (namely the 15th article) solenoid (69), be only provided with a primary coil; Last 1 article of (i.e. Sub_clause 11) (65) of upper semi-circle and front 3 bars of (the i.e. 12--14 article) solenoids (66--68) of lower half circle, not only be provided with a primary coil, and at its primary coil periphery suit 1 secondary coil.
Photoreceptor is smaller part ball shape closed enclosure (Fig. 8).On a hemisphere, diametrically alignment spherical aberration 1/6 spheroid, retains 1/3 spheroid.Cut surface is placed in chassis outward flange (54) again, its place diameter line is parallel to the 1st bar of solenoid.The sphere of 1/3 spheroid is arranged on (54) on chassis edge on the sunny side, with the radius of diameter line left end for starting point, midfeather 18 ° arranges 1 shadow shield (71), and smaller part ball shape closed enclosure is separated into 11 individual cells.Closed enclosure is from the centre of sphere, and arrange three layers of hemisphere face (95,83,70) by different radii from inside to outside, radius progressively increases from inside to outside.On the small sphere of exterior rearview of innermost layer (95), from the bilge redius of left side, be arranged in parallel 2 photoresistance (96,97) in the 1st cell, respectively arranges 1 photoresistance (98--107) in 2--11 cell.On the sphere of middle layer (83), 1 Fresnel lens (84--94) is respectively set in 11 cells, outside its groove faces, towards sunlight, designs the focal length of lens, adjust radius distance, lens focus is dropped in this room photoresistance (96--107).On outermost layer sphere (70), the shell on the sunny side of 11 closed chamber respectively arranges a circular light-passing board (72--82).Because sunlight has scattering, and offset from east to west along with the time, so light-passing board area rationally should be arranged with it to lens distance, when guaranteeing that sunlight is positioned at a certain light-passing board positive dirction, light can be penetrated on these room lens, and in the offset amplitude of sunlight (as 18 °), only have the lens in this room effectively can be subject to oblique fire, just penetrate light irradiation, and by light-ray condensing in this room photoresistance, and though other room has light oblique fire to be shining into, because angle too tiltedly can only impinge upon on shadow shield, shine less than on lens; Along with sunlight continue offset from left to right, before be subject to sunlit cell lens, photoresistance, because light skew and enter blind area, light focuses in next cell, by its lens lighting, activates its photoresistance.Like this, in sunlight migration process, 11 cells are exposed to sunlight from left to right in turn, but only have the Fresnel lens in a cell effectively to be irradiated all the time, thus only have a photoresistance to be activated.In first cell in left side, 2 photoresistance be set up in parallel (96,97) can be irradiated simultaneously be activated by sunlight scioptics.
Two-face mirror (41,42) is arranged on (45) on rotating disk, by a set of automatic control circuit (as Fig. 9, Figure 10), offsets clockwise synchronous rotary around sunlight.When morning, the sun comes up in the east, with the 1st cell on the left of photoreceptor for starting point (in Fig. 8 72,84), wherein 1-2 photoresistance R g1-2(97 or 110) illuminated rear resistance value is fallen suddenly, in homophase input proportional amplifier circuit (Fig. 9), and input voltage U r1(116) raise, and output voltage U 01=U r1(1+R f1/ R 11).(in Fig. 9,116 represent U r1, 120 represent U 01, 117 represent R f1, 114 represent R 11).So output voltage U 01(120) increase, and be exaggerated multiple (with reference to " electrotechnics " volume two 199-201 page, electrotechnics teaching and research room of Zhejiang University compiles, and Luo Shouxin edits, Higher Education Publishing House's printing in February nineteen ninety).Output voltage U 01(120) after raising, through resistance R 15(122), solenoid T r1(123) comparatively strong dc electricity is exported, solenoid T r1(123) stronger magnetic force is produced, attract rotating disk lower end permanent magnet (46, or 52), driven by rotary disc two-face mirror (10, 11, or 30, 31, or 37, 38, or 41, 42) an angle (Fig. 6 is rotated clockwise by a left side, Fig. 7), make large-scale catoptron (11, or 31. or 38, or 42) concave surface just to sunlight, make small mirrors (10, or 30, or 37, or 41) concave surface before face upward, tiltedly to sunlight, guarantee that sunlight can from the spherical diaphotoscope of front illuminated, in the shade of spherical diaphotoscope can be reflexed to again by two-face mirror, make that spherical diaphotoscope is comprehensive exposes to sunlight.Along with sunlight offsets from east to west, the photoresistance R of the 1st cell g1-2(97 or 110) enter blind area, and its resistance value increases suddenly, make homophase input the input voltage U of (Fig. 9) in proportional amplifier circuit r1(116) decline, output voltage U 01(120) greatly decline thereupon, flow through solenoid T r1(123) direct current also drops to zero, and solenoid loses magnetic force, no longer attracts permanent magnet, and the induction current that its shutdown transient produces is along resistance R 15(122)--electric capacity C 1(121)--solenoid T r1(123) loop is formed; The photoresistance R of the 2nd cell simultaneously g2(98, or 125) then illuminated, resistance value is fallen suddenly, its input voltage U r2increase, output voltage U 02also increase, put people's multiple, and along electric positive R 25, solenoid T r2(126) comparatively strong dc electricity is exported, solenoid T r2(126) produce stronger magnetic force, attract rotating disk lower end permanent magnet to rotate, rotating disk drives again two-face mirror to be turned clockwise an angle (18 °) (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) by a left side.Circulation like this is gone down, along with the sun progressively offsets from east to west, photoresistance (Fig. 8) in photoreceptor in 1--11 cell is irradiated activation respectively one by one, an another cooling is gone down, the homophase be attached thereto inputs between proportional amplifier difference or output HIGH voltage, heavy current, to make on chassis between 1--11 bar of solenoid or produce high-intensity magnetic field, attracting rotating disk lower end permanent magnet, producing rotary motion.
When under the sun soon west, photoreceptor rightmost cell (Room the 11st) (82) is shining into the setting sun, o.11 photoresistance R g11(107 or 127) are illuminated, resistance value is fallen suddenly, and its homophase input proportional amplifier output voltage raises, and flows through solenoid T r11(128) primary current strengthens, produce stronger magnetic force, attract permanent magnet (46 or 52), be sleeved on the peripheral secondary coil (129) of primary coil (128) and produce electromagnetic induction (as Fig. 9), its induction current is by diode D 11(130), thyristor T 12(142) block, can only along solenoid T r12(145), resistance R 125(144)--electric capacity C 12(143) ground is injected.After the setting sun lands completely, enter the nighttime cycle stage, o.11 photoresistance R g11(107 or 127) enter blind area, resistance value increases suddenly, and output voltage falls suddenly, flow through solenoid T r11(128) electric current is down to zero suddenly, solenoidal primary coil (128) loses magnetic force, no longer attracts permanent magnet (46 or 52), but the secondary coil (129) be sleeved on primary coil (128) produces electromagnetic induction, its induction current is through diode D 11(130) two thyristor T are injected afterwards 11(138), T 12(142) control pole, the electrothermal relay R be before connected with these two thyristors t1(132), homophase input proportional amplifier be in connected state, but because of transistor blocking no current circulation, therefore thyristor T 11(138) forward voltage is subject to, once rapid conducting after being applied in trigger current, thyristor T 12(142) be also subject to forward voltage immediately, be subject to also conducting rapidly after trigger current, so produce input voltage U at input end i12(140), after homophase input proportional amplifier, high voltage U is exported 012(141), along thyristor T 12(142), resistance R 125(144), solenoid T r12(145) comparatively strong dc electricity is exported, solenoid T r12(145) produce stronger magnetic force, attract permanent magnet (46 or 52), rotating disk (45 or 51) drives again two-face mirror (41,42) to turn clockwise an angle (18 °).Along with time duration, electrothermal relay R t1(132) after heater element (133) heating, transfer heat to bimetallic strip (135), bimetallic strip is because the expansion coefficient of lower floor is large, the expansion coefficient on upper strata is little, upwards will be bent after being heated action, two circuit contacts (134) be attached thereto are switched off automatically (with reference to " electrotechnics " first volume 329-331 page, electrotechnics teaching and research room of Zhejiang University compiles, Luo Shouxin edits, Higher Education Publishing House's printing in February nineteen ninety), electrothermal relay R immediately t1(132), thyristor T 11(138), homophase input proportional amplifier, thyristor T 12(142), solenoid T r12(145 or 149) are de-energized, and solenoidal primary coil (145) no longer attracts permanent magnet; But the secondary coil (146 or 149) be sleeved on primary coil (145) produces electromagnetic induction, its induction current is through diode D 21(150) two thyristor T are injected afterwards 21(153), T 22(156) control pole, by they triggering and conducting, exports comparatively strong dc electricity, solenoid T r13(157) produce stronger magnetic force, attract permanent magnet (46 or 52), rotating disk (45 or 51) rotates an angle (18 °) thereupon.Along with time duration, electrothermal relay R t2(152) power-off because of element heating again, the same induction current that produces is by next group thyristor T 31(161), T 32(162) triggering and conducting, exports direct current, makes solenoid T r14(163) produce stronger magnetic force, attract permanent magnet (46 or 52) to rotate.Electrothermal relay R subsequently t3(160) power-off again, produces induction current, by next group thyristor T 41(166), T 42(171) triggering and conducting, exports direct current, makes solenoid T r15(69 or 172) produce stronger magnetic force, have attracted permanent magnet (46 or 52), be fixed up, do not wave by wind affects after making rotating disk (45 or 51) deflect an angle.When morning next day, the sun rose, sunlight is shining into again the 1st, left side cell, through lens (84) by two photoresistance R arranged side by side g1-1(96 or 168), R g1-2(97 or 110) irradiate activation simultaneously, and its resistance value is fallen suddenly.In homophase input proportional amplifier circuit (165), due to 1-1 photoresistance R g1-1(96 or 168) resistance value is fallen suddenly, causes input voltage U r15(169) suddenly fall, thereupon output voltage U 015(169) zero is dropped to, solenoid R 115(69 or 172) lose electric current and no longer attract permanent magnet (46 or 52); And in the 1st group of homophase input proportional amplifier circuit (109), because photoresistance R g1-2(97 or 110) illuminated activation, makes again solenoid T r1(123) produce magnetic force, attract permanent magnet (46 or 52), start new round loop cycle.Like this, white large two-face mirror rotates with sunlight skew, and evening, then automatic rotation certain angle (144 °) firmly got off afterwards, forwarded to again morning next day (0 °) on starting line, went round and began again, without the need to manual operation.Owing to achieving two-face mirror automatic rotation, the comprehensive reception solar radiation of solar heat absorber can be made.
Connect and overlap heat sink more
The high-temperature high-pressure steam produced due to 1 solar heat absorber is limited, therefore multiple interface (Fig. 1) is prefixed, the high-temperature high-pressure steam that some cover heat dumps (16) produce or the high-temperature tail gas receiving boiler steam or the discharge of reception turbine steam generator can be received simultaneously, these high-temperature gases are through one-way high-pressure snifting valve (17, or Figure 16), gas pipe line (14, or Fig. 2), be pressed into heat reservoir (Fig. 3).A large amount of high-temperature high-pressure steams is stored insulation, progressively externally supplies.
Calculate focusing ratio
Focusing ratio refers to hot spot area ratio on the aperture area of parabolic lens or the total area of heliostat group and their focal planes, that design concentrating solar utilizes one of most important parameter of device (see online " limit focusing ratio of beam condensing unit and ultimate temperature ", neolite work comprises optical concentration ratio, geometric concentrating ratio (see online " focusing ratio (Concentration Ratio) "), and wherein geometric concentrating ratio is called daylighting area and absorber area ratio.Main computational geometry focusing ratio, that is: C=A/a (1) herein
In formula, C represents focusing ratio, and A represents daylighting area, and a represents absorber area.
For this device, because large spherical diaphotoscope can absorb sunlight from all directions, therefore daylighting area refers to each diaphotoscope area sum on this sphere, the hole area that it can be amassed by spherome surface and deduct framework area occupied, below cone takies and obtaining.Absorber area refers to the actual endotherm area of spherical glass heat dump, can deduct by heat dump ball surface breach area that cone takies and obtain.
Calculate absorber area a (Figure 17): set the radius of heat dump as r 0(213); The cone supporting heat dump takies ball surface for circular, and its radius is r 1(214).Work as r 1< < r 0time, can think that the breach concave surface on heat dump surface is long-pending and approximate with r 1for the area of a circle of radius.So,
A=S heat dump table-S heat dump breach≈ 4 η r 0 2-η r 1 2(2)
Calculate daylighting area A: set the radius of whole large spherical diaphotoscope as r 3(216) the hole radius that, below cone takies is r 2(215).Work as r 2< < r 3time, can think that the hole concave surface of large spherical diaphotoscope is long-pending and approximate with r 2for the area of a circle of radius.So,
A=S diaphotoscope table-S diaphotoscope hole-S framework≈ 4 η r 3 2-η r 2 2-S framework(3)
Large spherical diaphotoscope framework comprises warp moulding, parallel moulding (as Figure 18).Suppose there are 14 warp mouldings (225,226,227,228,229,230,231, represent front warp, back side warp is picture slightly).If every bar is through live width d rice, length is 2 η r 3, the area of every bar warp moulding is 2 η r 3d, 14 warp moulding areas are
S warp moulding=14 × 2 η r 3d=28 η r 3d (4)
If every bar parallel is wide is also d rice (as Figure 18, Figure 19), equator wire frame girth is 2 η r 3, its area is 2 η r 3d (5)
Centered by equatorial line, 3 parallels (219,220,221) are northwards set, arrange 3 parallels (222,223,224) southwards, be respectively low parallel, equator, high parallel, the girth of the low parallel in two, north and south, equator, high parallel is equal to each other.As shown in figure 19: establish low parallel place radius r 4(233) with centre of sphere angle (236) be 60 °, equator place radius r 5(234) with centre of sphere angle (237) be 30 °, high parallel place radius r 6(235) with centre of sphere angle (238) be 10 °.Then:
r 4＝r 3×Sin60°＝0.866r 3；r 5＝r 3×Sin30°＝0.5r 3；r 6＝r 3×Sin10°＝0.17r 3
So: 1 low parallel frame girth 2 η r 4=2 η × 0.866r 3=1.732 η r 3,
Article 1, equator frame girth 2 η r 5=2 η × 0.5r 3=η r 3,
Article 1, high parallel frame girth 2 η r 6=2 η × 0.17r 3=0.34 η r 3
Low parallel frame area is girth × wide=1.732 η r 3d, the low parallel frame area in 2, north and south is 3.464 η r 3d
Equator frame area is girth × wide=η r 3d, 2, north and south equator frame area is 2 η r 3d
High parallel frame area is girth × wide=0.34 η r 3d, the high parallel frame area in 2, north and south is 0.68 η r 3d
Each parallel frame area and be: 1 equatorial line area+2 low parallel frame areas+2 equator frame areas+2 high parallel frame area=8.144 η r 3d (6)
Can be obtained by formula (4), (6): S framework=28 η r 3d+8.144 η r 3d=36.144 η r 3d (7)
Formula (7) is substituted into (3) can obtain: A ≈ 4 η r 3 2-η r 2 2-36.144 η r 3d (8)
Formula (2), (8) are substituted into formula (1) and can obtain:
C＝A/a＝(4ηr 3 2-ηr 2 2-36.144ηr 3d)/(4ηr 0 2-ηr 1 2) (9)
Suppose r 0=1m, r 1=0.1m, r 2=1m, r 3=10m, d=0.03m.Substitution above formula obtains:
C≈97.3 (10)
Calculate heat sink temperature and Endothermic power
With reference to web material " limit focusing ratio of beam condensing unit and ultimate temperature " (neolite work), known (Figure 20):
The sun radiation energy launched to cosmic space per second is (11)
In formula, Q sfor radiation energy in the sun unit interval, r (240) is solar radius, for Si Difen--the graceful constant of bohr thatch (namely 5.7 × 10 -8w/m 2k 4), T sfor the absolute temperature 6000K on sun surface.
If the earth is similar to around solar motion track and regards the circle (Figure 20) that radius is R as, then the sun energy be incident upon on earth surface point A (244) per second is
In formula, R (243) is for the earth is around the radius of the approximate circular motion of sun work.
If the solar absorptance of heat dump is η 1, the transmission coefficient of heat dump transparent panel is η 2, then the sun power of heat dump absorption per second is
In formula, θ (241+242) is for earth surface point A is apart from the subtended angle of sun both sides, and actual is 32 '.
After heat sink energy, also as the sun, there is radiation heat loss
In formula, a is the area of heat dump, T afor the absolute temperature on heat dump surface.
If the thermal emissivity of heat dump is ε, then its radiation heat loss is
If from useful income, the convect h heat waste of heat dump and heat sink sun power Q that heat dump is drawn s → aratio be η 3, then have
Q s→a＝Q a+η 3Q s→a(16)
So: (1-η 3) Q s → a=Q a(17)
Formula (13), (15) are substituted into (17): (1-η 3) η 1η 3aT s 4(Sin θ/2) 2=ε aT a 4(18)
So: T a=T s[(1-η 3) (η 1η 2/ ε) (A/a) (Sin θ/2) 2] 1/4(19)
From above formula, the absorptivity η of heat dump 1higher, the transmission coefficient η of glass plate and lens 2higher, the useful income of heat dump adds the ratio η of convect h heat waste sum and heat sink sun power 3less, focusing ratio C is larger, and the accessible absolute temperature of heat dump is higher; Otherwise the absolute temperature that heat dump can reach is then lower.
For this heat sink, suppose heat sink rate η 1be 0.9, the transmission coefficient η of heat dump glass plate and Fresenl mirror 2be 0.9, the useful income of heat dump adds the ratio η of convect h heat waste sum and heat sink sun power 3be 0.5, the thermal emissivity ε of heat dump is 0.5.Then the accessible absolute temperature of heat dump is
T a＝1217K (20)
By formula (8) and (13), the power that can obtain this heat sink absorption sun power is
Suppose η 1=0.9, η 2=0.9, r 2=1m, r 3=10m, d=0.03m.Substitution above formula obtains:
Q s→a＝1.58×10 6J/s (22)
Above formula shows, the power that apparatus of the present invention absorb sun power can reach 1.58 megawatts.
Another calculates solar radiation earth power method:
Within 1981, announce according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (WMO), solar radiation earth constant value is 1367 ± 7 (watts/meter 2), in 1 year, due to solar distance change caused by the change of intensity of solar radiation be no more than 3.4% (see " Solar use pre-test " in Beijing Jiaotong University's thermal conduction study, dynamo-electric 0811 teams and groups person Xu Gang, Luo Jizhu) of above-mentioned value.Therefore can value: in the sun 1 second, the energy of vertical irradiation at the earth's surface on 1 square metre is about 1350 (J).That is: Q solar radiation standard=1.35 × 10 6j/ (m 2.s) (24)
Then Q s → a=η 1η 2aQ solar radiation standard(25)
By formula (8), η 1=0.9, η 2=0.9 substitutes into above formula obtains: Q s → a=1.33 × 10 6j/s (26)
Formula (22) and formula (26) compared, the results contrast that two kinds of methods calculate is close.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: heat sink schematic diagram
1 is circular Fresnel lens, and 2 is trapezoidal Fresnel lenses, and 3 is transparent sphere nets, 1 is pellet shapes solar heat absorber, and 5 is pintongs shape absorber plates, and 6 is defeated cold water pipes, 7 is one-way cocks, and 8 is scale removing tube valves, and 9 is scale removing tubes, 10 is small-sized hemispherical mirrors, and 11 is large-scale hemispherical mirrors, and 12 is that hollow cone cuts body, 13 is filtering layers, and 11 is water delivery steam pipelines, and 15 is pedestals, 16 is connect other respectively cover heat sink pipelines, and 17 is one-way high-pressure snifting valves.
Pellet shapes solar heat absorber is double glazing spheroid, and intermediate course is vacuum, some little vitreums of liner, lays a pintongs shape absorber plate in ball, and ball external application transparent sphere net surrounds, and is convenient to strengthen heat dump and bears internal pressure capability.Large spherical diaphotoscope is a spherical frame, inlays some Fresnel lenses above, each lens be trapezoidal, the top is rounded, groove face outer, towards sunlight, optically focused focal length is longer, focus all drops in heat dump.Large spherical diaphotoscope by light collection from all directions in the pellet shapes heat dump of the centre of sphere, can guarantee that heat dump produces high-temperature vapor.
Fig. 2: water delivery steam pipeline schematic diagram
18 is the anti-ceramic waters of unique construction, and 19 is Stainless Steel Shell, and 20 is insulation materials.
For transmitting high-temperature high-pressure steam, and can be incubated.
Fig. 3: heat reservoir schematic diagram
21 is water delivery steam pipelines, and 22 is one-way cocks, and 23 is the anti-ceramic waters of unique construction, and 24 is Stainless Steel Shell, and 25 is insulation material shells, and 26 is external defeated steam pipelines, and 27 is valves, and 28 is heat reservoir foot rests.
For storing a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure steam, and can be incubated; By gas piping valve, externally supplying high temperature steam can be continued.
Fig. 4: large spherical diaphotoscope and catoptron schematic diagram
29 is connect the concave curvatures between catoptron and cone, and 30 is small-sized hemispherical mirrors, and 31 is large-scale hemispherical mirrors, and 32 is pedestals.
Large spherical diaphotoscope partly closes up by two sides hemispherical mirror, is convenient to diaphotoscope periphery sunlight to reflex in diaphotoscope.
Fig. 5: catoptron reflection ray schematic diagram
33 is frameworks of large spherical diaphotoscope, and 34 is trapezoidal concave surface Fresnel lenses, and 35 is circular concave Fresnel lenses, 36 is pellet shapes heat dumps, and 37 is small-sized hemispherical mirrors, and 38 is large-scale hemispherical mirrors, 39 is connect the concave curvatures between catoptron and cone, and 40 is pedestals.
Large spherical diaphotoscope lower end is provided with circular hole, is worn from the bottom to top to framework central authorities by 1 cone, and is supported fixing by this cone.The path of direct sunlight, oblique fire, reflection as can be seen from figure, at large spherical diaphotoscope sunny slope, a large amount of direct projection, oblique ray gather in centre of sphere heat dump after sunny slope transmission; And in the shade of large spherical diaphotoscope, in a large number from the light of periphery incidence, after the reflection of two sides hemispherical mirror, inject in the shade, gather in centre of sphere heat dump.So the light that has from all directions of large spherical diaphotoscope is injected, and finally gathers in centre of sphere heat dump.
Fig. 6: rotating disk chassis is integrally connected structural drawing
41 is small-sized hemispherical mirrors, 42 is large-scale hemispherical mirrors, 43 is the corner brackets supporting small reflector, 44 is the corner brackets supporting large reflective mirror, and 45 is rotating disks, and 46 is the semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet being articulated in rotating disk lower end, 47 is hollow cylindrical rotating shafts under rotating disk, 48 is chassis, and 49 is large rotating shafts of hollow cylindrical under chassis, and 50 is that hollow cone cuts body.
Rotating disk chassis is connected by rotating shaft, and rotating disk can rotating 360 degrees: chassis is connected with pedestal by large rotating shaft, can rotate around large rotating shaft, and being provided with latch can fix.
Fig. 7: rotating disk chassis separates schematic diagram
51 is rotating disks; 52 is semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet; 53 is chassis; 54 is smaller part ball photoreceptors; 55--64 is 1--10 solenoid respectively, coiling primary coil; 65--68 is 11--14 solenoid respectively, is not only wound with a primary coil, and is set with a secondary coil on its primary coil; 69 is No. 15 solenoids, coiling primary coil.
Rotating disk lower end immediately below small-sized hemispherical mirror, being provided with a semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet along rotating disk radius direction, the oeverall quality of permanent magnet and small-sized hemispherical mirror, is substantially equal with large-scale hemispherical mirror matter, make center of gravity occupy rotating shaft, keep balance.At chassis upper surface, be provided with 15 solenoids along radius, solenoid two oral areas can be corresponding with permanent magnet two oral areas.The built-in soft magnetic material of solenoid, produces magnetic field, attracts rotating disk lower end permanent magnet, magnetic field dissipate after power-off after energising.Because each solenoid is energized successively, attracts rotating disk successively, rotating disk is progressively rotated down.
Fig. 8: smaller part ball photoreceptor schematic diagram
70 is outermost layer shading shells, and 71 is shadow shields, and 72--82 is 1--11 light-passing board respectively, 83 is middle layer shading spherical frame, and 84--94 is 1--11 Fresnel lens respectively, and 95 is innermost layer shading spherical frame, 96,97 is a pair photoresistance arranged side by side, is numbered R g1-1, R g1-2, 98--107 is the photoresistance in 2--11 cell respectively, is numbered R g2--R g11.
Photoreceptor is 1/3 spheroid, and appearance is provided with in shading shell, cell and is provided with shadow shield; From the centre of sphere to spherical radiation, 18 °, interval, sets up 11 cells separately, and each cell is provided with a light-passing board, a Fresnel lens, a photoresistance.Along with sunlight progressively offsets, each angle (18 °) only has a front light-passing board can incident a large amount of sunlight, effectively shine on this cell Fresnel lens, and then by light-ray condensing in this room photoresistance.Because light-passing board and Fresnel lens are apart from longer, though other non-frontal light holes can be slanted through some light, because angle too tiltedly can only shine on shadow shield, shine less than on Fresnel lens in room.Therefore, this photoreceptor is very responsive to sunlight positive firing angle degree.
Fig. 9: daytime followed the tracks of sun skew automatic rotation circuit diagram by catoptron
108 is cathode power supplies (+), 109 is receive photoresistance R g1-2no. 1 integrated circuit of signal, control No. 1 solenoid action, 110 is 1-2 photoresistance R g1-2, 111 is slide rheostat R p1, 112 is first end of slide rheostat resistance R p11, 113 is second end of slide rheostat resistance R p12, 114 is resistance R 11, 115 is inverting inputs 1 (-), and 116 is in-phase input end voltage (+), 117 is feedback resistance R f1, 118 is that operational amplifier meets positive source U 00(+), 119 is that operational amplifier meets power cathode U 11(-), 120 is output end voltage U 01, 121 is electric capacity C 1, 122 is resistance R 15, 123 is No. 1 solenoid T r1; 124 is reception No. 2 photoresistance R g2no. 2 integrated circuit of signal, control No. 2 solenoid actions, 125 is No. 2 photoresistance R g2, 126 is No. 2 solenoid T r2; 127 is No. 11 photoresistance R g11, 128 is No. 11 solenoid T r11, 129 is be sleeved on the secondary coil on No. 11 solenoids, and 130 is No. 1 diode D 11, 131 is connection No. 1 electrothermal relay, No. 12 integrated circuit controlling No. 12 solenoid actions, and 132 is No. 1 electrothermal relay R t12, 133 is heater elements; 134 is line contacts, and 135 is bimetallic strips, and upper strata expansion coefficient is little, lower floor's expansion coefficient is large; 136 is insulation closed box outer walls, and 137 is Compress Springs, and 138 is 12-1 thyristor T 121, 139 is inverting inputs 121 (-), and 140 is in-phase input end voltage (+), 141 is output end voltage U 012, 142 is 12-2 thyristor T 122, 143 is electric capacity C 12, 144 is resistance R 125, 145 is No. 12 solenoid T r12, 146 is be sleeved on No. 12 solenoid T r12on secondary coil.
Establish 11 cover integrated circuit altogether, often overlap circuit and be made up of a photoresistance, homophase input proportional amplifier, a solenoid.In figure, the 3 to 10 cover integrated circuit is omitted, and uses ... represent; Bottom circuit kit (131) is automatic control type rotating circuit at night, i.e. No. 12 integrated circuit.Photoresistance in circuit is the 1--11 photoresistance in photoreceptor, and it produces high-line input voltage after being shined upon resistance decline, amplify through amplifier, export more high output voltage, export heavy current, make solenoid produce comparatively ferromagnetism, attract permanent magnet.Last solenoid being set with a secondary coil, when producing induction current after its power-off in secondary coil, the thyristor of two in next stage integrated circuit being touched logical.
Figure 10: night automatic control type rotating circuit diagram
147 is cathode power supply U dD(+), 148 is connection No. 1 electrothermal relay, No. 12 integrated circuit controlling No. 12 solenoid actions, and 149 is No. 12 solenoid T r12, 150 is No. 2 diode D 12.151 is connection No. 2 electrothermal relays, No. 13 integrated circuit controlling No. 13 solenoid actions, and 152 is No. 2 electrothermal relays, and 153 is 13-1 thyristor T 111, 154 is in-phase input end voltage U r13, 155 is output end voltage U 013, 156 is 13-2 thyristor T 132, 157 is No. 13 solenoid T r13, 158 is be sleeved on No. 13 solenoid T r13on secondary coil.159 is connection No. 3 electrothermal relays, No. 14 integrated circuit controlling No. 14 solenoid actions, and 160 is No. 3 electrothermal relays, and 161 is 14-1 thyristor T 111, 162 is 14-2 thyristor T 112, 163 is No. 14 solenoid T r14, 164 is be sleeved on No. 14 solenoid T r14on secondary coil.165 is receive photoresistance R g1-1no. 15 integrated circuit of signal, control No. 15 solenoid actions, 166 is 15-1 thyristors 167 is No. 15 slide rheostats 168 is 1-1 photoresistance R g1-1, 169 is in-phase input end voltage (+), 170 is output end voltages , 171 is 15-2 thyristor T 132, 172 is No. 15 solenoid T r15.
It establishes 4 cover integrated circuit automatically to control for night, is totally numbered the 12nd, 13,14, No. 15 integrated circuit.Wherein No. 12 integrated circuit (148) is namely bottom circuit kit (131) above.12nd, 13, No. 14 integrated circuit (148,151,159) by an electrothermal relay, homophase input proportional amplifier, two thyristors, a solenoid composition; No. 15 integrated circuit (165) is made up of a photoresistance, homophase input proportional amplifier, two thyristors, solenoids.The solenoid of previous stage integrated circuit is set with a secondary coil, when producing induction current at secondary coil after its power-off, is touched by the thyristor of two in next stage integrated circuit logical.After the conducting of No. 15 integrated circuit (165), high voltage can be exported for a long time at night 170), No. 15 solenoid T r15(172) magnetic field can be produced for a long time, thus the long-time permanent magnet that attracts is motionless; Until when morning next day, the sun rose, because of photoresistance R g1-1(96 or 168) are shone, input voltage (169) decline just causes output voltage (170) decline, cause solenoid power-off to lose its reliss, permanent magnet is attracted in the past by No. 1 solenoid (55,123).
Figure 11: spherical solar heat dump sectional view
173 is defeated cold water pipes, 174 is one-way cocks, and 175 is pintongs shape absorber plates, and 176 is double-deck quartz glass ball internal layers, 177 is vacuum interlayers, 178 is the glass blocks connecting liner ectonexine, and 179 is double-deck quartz glass ball shells, and 180 is transparent sphere nets, 181 is filtering layers, 182 is water delivery steam pipelines, and 183 is scale removing tube road valves, and 184 is scale removing tube roads.
Heat dump is double glazing spheroid, and intermediate course is vacuum, some little glass blocks of liner, is convenient to reduce heat convection current in ball, conduction loss.Spherical shell ectonexine adopts transparency silica glass, and spherical reticulated adopts thermostable transparent toughness material, is convenient to printing opacity.Scale removing tube road is used for periodic exhaustion incrustation scale impurity.
Figure 12: pintongs shape absorber plate stereographic map
185 is semicircle heat absorption lobes, and 186 is circular holes on absorber plate.
Adopt corrosion resistant marmem, uneven surface is made on surface, and being intersected vertically by two circular absorber plates is bonded together, and absorber plate radius is slightly smaller than heat dump inside radius, and its Lower Half offers several circular holes.Be compressed into little group under low temperature, along giving vent to anger, the mouth of pipe is sent in spherical heat dump, resiles, be vertically put in heat dump after adjustment after intensification.Absorber plate is set, can prevents the light injected in heat dump from penetrating away again.After absorber plate heats up, can by heat conduction in the water vapor of the aqueous water of lower end and surrounding.
Figure 13: spherical shell internal check valve door cross-sectional view
187 is spherical shells, and 188 is contraction springs, and 189 is mouths of pipe, and 190 is supports, and 191 is rotating shafts, and 192 is arc rectangular parallelepiped baffle plates, and 193 is mouthful Zhou Yuanhuan posts.
One-way cock is arranged on the goal mouth of pipe, and be made up of arc rectangular parallelepiped baffle plate, upper end peg is articulated on support by rotating shaft, and peg lower end is connected with sphere inner wall by contraction spring; Be stained with quartz glass annulus post around the mouth of pipe, rectangular parallelepiped baffle plate all can block the mouth of pipe and mouth Zhou Yuanhuan post.When injecting without material in goal pipeline, rectangular parallelepiped baffle plate is under contraction spring effect, the goal mouth of pipe and annulus post can be covered, prevent gas in ball, liquid pours in down a chimney into pipeline: when material injects spheroid along pipeline, under logistics pressure effect, rectangular parallelepiped baffle plate is opened, and material injects spheroid smoothly, again closes with backboard.This valve enters only, can not go out, and becomes unidirectional and enters valve.
Figure 14: filtering layer three-dimensional structure diagram
194 is pores, and 195 is the little sandstones being insoluble in water.
Filtering layer is made up of aluminum alloy hollow right cylinder, several circular holes are offered in two bottom surfaces, and the inside filling irregular little sandstone (as silicon dioxide) being insoluble in water in a large number, leaves a large amount of aperture air gap, whole right cylinder can just insert outlet pipe, and is blocked by tenon on pipeline.Be mainly used to various metal or dirt in block water pass through, and when preventing spheroid from overturning or when weightlessness of space in ball aqueous water directly pour into gas pipe line, but water vapor osmotic pressure can be made to pass through, the vapor pressure higher limit of heat dump can also be improved.
Figure 15: defeated steam pipe and spherical heat dump connection diagram
196 is filtering layers, and 197 is movable tenons, and 198 is pipe threads of giving vent to anger of heat dump, and 199 is ut sockets, and 200 is defeated steam pipe threads, and 201 is defeated steam pipes.
Pipeline section of giving vent to anger is made up of quartz glass, be connected as a single entity with glass heat dump, and defeated steam pipe is made up of the anti-ceramic water of unique construction, Stainless Steel Shell, insulation material, and middle linkage section is stainless steel ut socket, covers insulation material outward.Heat dump is connected with defeated steam pipe by linkage section, is convenient to cleaned filtering layer, maintaining pipeline.
Figure 16: one-way high-pressure snifting valve schematic diagram
202 is heat-insulation layers, and 203 is cylindrical pipes, and 201 is tenons, and 205 is cylindrical pistons, and 206 is Compress Springs, and 207 is baffle plates, and 208 is nuts, and 209 is bolts, and 210 is spouts, and 211 is compressors, and 212 is cylindrical pistons.
One-way high-pressure snifting valve inwall is made up of stainless steel, and cover insulation material outward, piston is combined tightly with pipeline.At the beginning of heat absorption, in ball, water vapor not yet forms high pressure, and compressor is in cut out, piston is in retracted state, and two pipeline enclosure spouts are unimpeded.After in heat dump, water heat absorption intensification becomes vapor permeates filtering layer, extrusion piston and Compress Spring, heat reservoir is sprayed into: now pass through swivel bolt along spout, pipeline, adjustment Compress Spring tension force, the highest pressure threshold values of regulation and control water vapor ejection, constantly water vapor is poured in along with in heat reservoir, air pressure progressively increases, and when spout both sides air pressure balance, in heat dump, water vapor sprays into heat reservoir no longer automatically; Now open compressor, under piston movement, water vapor in heat dump is pressed into heat reservoir by force, continue to improve gas pressure intensity in heat reservoir
Figure 17: spherical heat dump annotation figure
213 is spherical heat dump radius r 0, 214 is concave surface radius of circle r that cone cuts body and heat dump surface contact 1, 215 is concave surface radius of circle r that cone cuts body and large spherical diaphotoscope surface contact 2, 216 is radiuses of large spherical diaphotoscope r3, 217 is centre ofs sphere that large-scale hemispherical mirror and small-sized hemispherical mirror point to jointly.
After each radius designation of annotation, be convenient to use formulae discovery.
Figure 18: large spherical diaphotoscope surface frame diagram
218 is equator parallel mouldings, and 219 is northern low parallel mouldings, and 220 is northern equator mouldings, 221 is northern high parallel mouldings, and 222 is southern low parallel mouldings, and 223 is southern equator mouldings, 221 is southern high parallel mouldings, and 225--231 is front warp moulding, and back side warp is picture slightly.
With reference to earth warp and weft division methods, each bar framework on large spherical diaphotoscope is numbered, is convenient to Division identification.
Figure 19: large spherical diaphotoscope annotation figure
232 is equatorial radius r of large spherical diaphotoscope 3, 233 is northern low parallel circle radius r 4, 234 is northern equator circle radius r 5, 235 is northern high parallel circle radius r 6, 236 be northern low parallel angle of latitude, be set to 60 °, 237 are northern equatorial angle of latitude, are set to 30 °, 238 be northern high parallel angle of latitude, be set to 10 °.
Annotation is carried out to each bar parallel of north latitude circle radius of large spherical diaphotoscope, angle of latitude, is convenient to calculate.
Figure 20: lighting device, heat dump and solar radiation graph of a relation on the earth
239 is sun, and 240 is solar radiuses, 241,242 be all earth surface point to 1/2 of sun the two poles of the earth subtended angle θ (32 '), namely 16 '; 243 is radius Rs that the earth operates around the sun, and 244 is daylighting areas of earth surface point, and 245 is heat dump areas.
Certain some lighting device area, heat dump cartographic represenation of area on the sun, the earth out, are convenient to the power calculating heat sink sun power.
Embodiment
Producing device.One is spherical solar absorber (as Figure 11).Double shells hollow ball is made, centre of sphere distance shell (179) radius 1 meter, distance inner casing (176) radius about 0.96 meter, thick about 0.01 meter of shell (179), thick about 0.02 meter of inner casing (176) with quartz glass; Thick about 0.01 meter of middle vacuum interlayer (177), the connection glass blocks (178) between interlayer is concave surface square, thick about 0.01 meter, the length of side about 0.05 meter; The interlayer slope glass block at escape pipe place (181) is larger, the length of side is 0.2 meter (see online: quartz glass is the glass of silicon dioxide one-component, hardness is large, high temperature resistant, expansion coefficient is low, resistance to heat shocks, chemical stability and electrical insulation capability good, can through ultraviolet, visible ray, near infrared ray, divide transparent, opaque two large classes, the quartz glass of gas refining level can tolerate 1100 DEG C of high temperature for a long time, and the quartz glass of the molten level of connection can tolerate 1100 DEG C of high temperature the short time).Adopt sanding and polishing method, first make HBV"liang dui ban" spherical glass inner casing, shell, its transmittance is made to reach more than 90%, use high-temperature-resistant adhesive again, as ZS-1071 high temperature resistant inorganic bonding agent (see online: unorganic glass high-temperature adhesives), spherical for this HBV"liang dui ban" inner casing, shell are assembled rice, liner concave surface square glass block (178) between interlayer, bonding complete after by interlayer evacuating air, close to vacuum.Cover layer of transparent net (180) in spherical heat dump appearance, live width 0.02 meter, strengthen heat dump and bear internal pressure capability, do not affect translucent effect simultaneously.Intend adopting existing thermostable transparent material, if polysulfones (PSU) is (see online: Shanghai City Bai Ji trade Co., Ltd, the polysulfones (PSU) of Su Wei has remarkable hydrolytic stability and dimensional stability, heat-resisting chlorine water corrodes, and high tenacity, high endurance and better bear hydrostatic stress ability for a long time, high transmission rate (90%), its heat deflection temperature is (HDT) 174 DEG C, can maintain its characteristic in quite broad temperature range, Long-Time Service temperature is 160 DEG C.UDEL polysulfones has advantage in the application of many fluid contacts, and successfully replacement brass products application has reached more than 10 years in pressurized hot water pipeline).1 pintongs shape absorber plate (5 is vertically laid in heat dump, or 175, or Figure 12), adopt corrosion resistant marmem, as Cu-Zn-A1.Cu-Zn-S11, Cu-Zn-Si, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn-Ga, In-Ti, Au-Cu-Zn, NiAl, Fe-Pt, Ti-Ni, Ti-Ni-Pd, Ti-Nb, U-Nb and Fe-Mn-Si etc. (see online: " marmem ") make pintongs shape, rough surface, Lower Half offers several circular holes, be compressed into little group at low temperatures, along giving vent to anger, the mouth of pipe sends into (Figure 11) in spherical heat dump, resile after intensification, vertically be placed in heat dump after adjustment.Two be one-way cock (7,22,174, Figure 13).Make curved baffle (Figure 13) or plane shuttering panels with quartz glass, divide into contraction spring (188).Two is defeated working medium pipelines.Water-supply-pipe (6,173) is stainless pipe, thickness of pipe about 0.3 centimetre, overall diameter about 4 centimetres.Defeated steam pipe (14 or Fig. 2 or 182) is divided into two sections: its escape pipe quartzy slope glass makes pipe (Figure 15), thickness of pipe about 2 centimetres, overall diameter about 14 centimetres; The sleeve (199) of spiral shell made by linkage section stainless steel, wall thickness about 2 centimetres, overall diameter about 18 centimetres, adopts the mode of bolt and nut rotatable interface to connect; Outside gas piping, double-deck pipe is made with bi-material, internal layer is the anti-ceramic water of unique construction, skin is Stainless Steel Shell, appearance covering insulation material, if composition silicate (magnalium) goods are (see online: composition silicate (magnalium) goods, have that coefficient of heat conductivity is low, good heat insulating, heat resistance are obvious, ability more than 700 DEG C temperature, can be incubated-40 DEG C--and 800 DEG C), gas piping wall thickness about 2 centimetres, overall diameter about 14 centimetres.Four is one-way high-pressure snifting valve (as Figure 16).Cylindrical pipe (203), tenon (204) and piston (205,212) is made, thickness of pipe about 2 centimetres, tubular outer diameter about 14 centimetres with stainless steel; Piston (205,212) diameter about 10 centimetres, be about 3 centimetres, combine closely with pipeline, smooth surface; In pipe, Compress Spring (206), baffle plate (207), nut (208), bolt (209), compressor (211) connecting rod all make the covering of whole valving appearance insulation material (202) parcel with stainless steel.Five is large spherical diaphotoscopes.Adopt Fresnel lens, be made up of organic glass.Except (1) except circular concave is made in the arctic, ball surface, all the other all make trapezoidal concave surface (2), are all embedded in (Fig. 4) on spheroid framework.The radius of arctic circular Fresnel lens approximates r 1(235) the framework radius r of the large spherical diaphotoscope of 1.7m, is about 3(232) be 10m.Six is hemispherical mirrors.Be made up of the large-scale hemispherical mirror of one side (11 or 31 or 38 or 42), the small-sized hemispherical mirror of one side (10 or 30 or 37 or 41), adopt aluminium alloy to make, inside surface polishing, has very strong reflectivity.Wherein, large-scale catoptron radius is about 2 times of large spherical diaphotoscope radius, is about 20m, and its centre of sphere is positioned at 6 meters, heat dump centre of sphere perpendicular line upper end (217), its arc length and the centre of sphere (217) angle about 180 °; Large spherical diaphotoscope is included in middle below by large-scale catoptron, top is made to expose more spaces, be convenient to absorption flash back the sunlight (as in 31 in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 38), be provided with concave curvatures (29 or 39) below it to connect with cone (12): small mirrors radius is also 2 times of large spherical diaphotoscope radius, be about 20m, its centre of sphere is also positioned at 6 meters, heat dump centre of sphere perpendicular line upper end (217), its arc length and the centre of sphere (217) angle about 45 °, be provided with concave curvatures (29 or 39) and connect with cone (12) below it.Seven is rotating disk (45 or 51).Make annular with stainless steel, for supporting two sides hemispherical mirror, its exradius is about 5m; Central hollow radius of circle is a bit larger tham hole radius of circle r 2(215), 1.45m is about.The thick about 0.005m of rotating disk.Eight is permanent magnet (as 52 in 46 in Fig. 6, Fig. 7).Adopt rectangular loop ferrite material to make a semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet, two brachium is all about 0.05m, and its crossbeam length deducts the value of open circles radius for rotating disk exradius, is about 3.5m.By permanent magnet oral area down, be articulated on the radius of rotating disk bottom surface.Nine is rotating disk lower rotary shaft (as 47 in Fig. 6).Make a hollow cylindrical bearing with stainless steel, turntable mounting can rotate on bearing.Be open circles in the middle of bearing, its inside radius is a bit larger tham the hollow radius of rotating disk, is about 1.5m, and rotating shaft is thick about 0.1m only, and bearing top circle radius is about 1.6m, and height is 0.12m.Ten is chassis (as 53 in 48, Fig. 7 in Fig. 6).Adopt stainless steel to make circular, its exradius is greater than rotating disk exradius, is about 6m, is convenient to arrange photoreceptor in its edge that faces south; Central hollow radius of circle approximates rotating disk lower rotary shaft inside radius, is about 1.5m.The thick about 0.006m in chassis.11 is solenoid (as Fig. 7).All use soft magnetic material (as permalloy or ferroaluminium) to make semiclosed rectangular-shaped as skeleton, above coiling enamel-cover copper core wire, the number of turn about 100 circle.Solenoid two brachiums are all about 0.05m, and it is long that its straight tube line length equals permanent magnet crossbeam, is 3.5m, and two oral area upwards, can be just right with two oral areas of rotating disk lower end permanent magnet.Upper semi-circle is provided with 11 solenoids, 18 °, interval; Lower half circle is provided with 4 solenoids, 36 °, interval; Each bar solenoid is all distributed in chassis upper surface along radius.Upper semi-circle 1--10 solenoid (55--64) and lower half circle No. 4 solenoid (69) are only provided with a primary coil, are wound around 100 circle coils; Upper semi-circle o.11 solenoid (65) and lower half circle 12--14 solenoid (66--68) are not only provided with a primary coil, and are set with a secondary coil outside it, are about 300 circles.12 is smaller part ball photoreceptors (as Fig. 8).Adopt the aluminium alloy after Darkening process to make 1/3 spheroid framework, set up three layers of spherical frame (95,83,70) from the inside to the outside separately, sphere is established 11 cells, each locular wall is provided with every auroral poles (71); A circular light-passing board (72-82) is respectively provided with in outer sphere (70) cell, towards sunlight, a Fresnel lens (84--94) is respectively provided with in middle sphere (83) cell, in innermost layer sphere (95) cell, be respectively provided with a photoresistance (96--107), be wherein set up in parallel a pair photoresistance (96,97) in first cell.The radius of a ball of internal layer framework is about 0.1m, and the radius of a ball of middle layer frame is about 0.15m, and the optically focused focal length of set Fresnel lens is 0.05m, and the radius of a ball of outermost layer framework is 0.5m.13 is chassis lower rotary shaft (as 49 in Fig. 6).Adopt stainless steel to make a large bearing of hollow cylindrical, sole can rotate on bearing, can be fixed by latch.The hollow radius of this rotating shaft is a bit larger tham chassis open circles radius, is set to 1.6m, and rotating shaft is only thick is about 0.15m, and bearing top circle radius is about 1.75m, and height is 0.1m, as support support chassis.14 is that cone cuts body (as 50 in 12 in Fig. 1, Fig. 6).Make cone with stainless steel and cut body, its upper end section is circular concave, radius r 1(214) be 0.1m, support spherical heat dump; Bottom is circular flat, flat footpath is 1.422m, be connected whole cone clear height with it and be about 14.22m, be each passed through chassis lower rotary shaft, chassis, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, rotating disk, two sides hemispherical mirror, large spherical diaphotoscope from the bottom to top, support spherical heat dump topmost.15 is pedestal (as 40 in 32 in 15 in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4, Fig. 5).Make square-shaped planar plate with stainless steel, the length of side is greater than cone bottom surface circular diameter, is about 4m, thick about 0.008m.Corner, pedestal lower end is provided with four pillars, is placed on ground.16 is that daytime followed the tracks of sun skew automatic rotation circuit (as Fig. 9) by catoptron.With each photoresistance in photoreceptor for signal source, the input end that it and homophase input proportional amplifier is connected, and the output terminal of amplifier is connected with a solenoid, form a set of integrated circuit.According to same manner, 11 cover integrated circuit are set respectively, receive 11 photoresistance signals (as the 97--107 in Fig. 8, or 110 in Fig. 9,125,127) and control a solenoid action T respectively r1--T r11(as the 55-65 in Fig. 7,123 in Fig. 9,126,128).17 is automatic control type rotating circuit at nights (as Fig. 9, Figure 10).An electrothermal relay (132 or 152), a thyristor (138 or 153) are serially connected in the input end (140 or 154) that homophase inputs proportional amplifier, output terminal (141 or 155) serial connection thyristor (142 or 156) of amplifier, a solenoid (145 or 157); Take same manner, 3 cover integrated circuit are set respectively.Finally separately establish 1 cover integrated circuit, a thyristor (166), a photoresistance (168) are connected on the input end (169) that homophase inputs proportional amplifier, output terminal (170) serial connection thyristor (171) of amplifier, a solenoid (172).Often overlap in integrated circuit, the control pole (138,142 of two thyristors, 153,156) connect with the secondary coil (129) of (128) on the solenoid of previous stage integrated circuit respectively, the induction current that secondary coil is released is through diode (130,150) two thyristors (138,142,153,156) successively can be touched logical after.18 is one-way high-pressure snifting valves (17, or Fig. 1 adopt stainless steel to make piston barrel, piston body, appearance insulation material wraps up, and as composition silicate (magnalium) goods, is covered by one-way high-pressure snifting valve parcel, strengthens its heat-insulating property.The tail gas that some cover solar energy heat absorbing devices, boiler steam or turbine steam generator are discharged is connected in parallel, through one-way high-pressure snifting valve access heat reservoir.19 is heat reservoir (as Fig. 3).Adopt the anti-ceramic water of unique construction, inner casing, thick about 0.02m is made as added waterproof material with silicon nitride or silit unique construction pottery, make hollow circular cylinder, internal layer (23) radius is about 5m, is about 10m, shell (24), thick about 0.005m is made again with stainless steel material, adopt welding method, with copper sheet, inner casing pottery (23) is encapsulated; Use insulation material again, as composition silicate (magnalium) combinations, from periphery, heat reservoir is wrapped up, strengthen its heat-insulating property.
Using method.One is preparation device.When morning, the sun just rose, artificial swivel base (48), allows it rotate around lower rotary shaft (49), makes the high order end light-passing board (as in Fig. 8 72) of photoreceptor on chassis just to sun in morning.To automatic control circuit high-pressure side U dD(108 or 147) input dc power+12V.Heat reservoir is evacuated, shrinks the piston of one-way high-pressure snifting valve, make spout (210) unimpeded, guarantee that high-temperature high-pressure steam can spray in heat reservoir by each heat dump automatically.Two is prepare working medium.By light water, even seawater, contaminated water, carry out cleaning, take the methods such as sunlight irradiation, stirring, filtration, remove other gases and various suspending sundries of being dissolved in water, measure Acidity of Aikalinity, add appropriate alkalescence or acidic materials neutralize, generate and be insoluble in the solids of water, filtration, purification again, when only retaining metal and nonmetallic ion in water (as K +, Na +, Ga 2+, Ba 2+, Mg 2+, Fe 2+, Fe 3+, Pb 2+, Zn 2+, CL -, CO 3 2-, SO 4 2-, PO 4 3-deng), various mineral microparticle is (as GaCO 3, GaSO 4, BaSO 4, SiO 2, GaSiO 3deng) and the microorganism such as bacterium, virus after, can be used as working-medium water and input each spherical solar absorber (as Fig. 1, Figure 11), high-temperature high-pressure steam is become through heat absorption intensification, metal in water and nonmetallic ion, mineral microparticle aggregate into incrustation scale, various microbial death, its corpse and incrustation scale are filtered layer (13 or Figure 14 or 196) to be stopped, finally discharges along scale removing tube road (9 or 184).Three is generate high-temperature vapor.During startup, the working-medium water after filtration, purification is injected the spherical solar absorber (as Fig. 1) of each cover energy absorption device, 1/2 to 2/3 volume contained to lower semisphere is advisable; By fully absorbing sun power, regulate one-way high-pressure snifting valve bolt (209), keep suitable pressure, progressively high-temperature vapor is become after working-medium water is absorbed heat, when pressure in ball is enough high, vapor permeation filtering layer (13 or 181 or Figure 14 or 196), sprays into (Fig. 3) in heat reservoir along gas piping (14 or 182), one-way high-pressure snifting valve (as Figure 15), gas piping (201); After heat reservoir stores a large amount of high-temperature gas, final gas piping and heat reservoir air pressure balance, at this moment start compressor (211), be pressed into by force in heat reservoir by steam in gas piping, and continuing increases high-temperature vapour reserves.Each cover heat dump all passes through same compression set, is pressed into by high-temperature vapour in heat reservoir, improves gas pressure intensity threshold values; Heat reservoir progressively discharges high pressure high temperature vapor by valve (27) again.When under the sun west, solar heat absorber no longer produces high-temperature vapour, closes heat dump gas piping valve, enables boiler steam or turbine steam generator tail gas, change by combustion of fossil fuels supplying high temperature steam.Because heat reservoir capacity is very large, a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure steams can be stored greatly in vain, the consumption of day and night part can be ensured.The heat energy that heat reservoir stores, mainly rises to from normal temperature the sun power that high temperature becomes water vapor absorption from aqueous water.
A set of heat sink of the present invention is on vertical ground direction, and what projected area was maximum is two sides hemispherical mirror (10,11, or 30,31, or 37,38), the projection overlap of large spherical diaphotoscope (1,2) wherein.According to above-mentioned parameter preset, the radius of two large and small hemispherical mirrors is 20 meters, its arc length and the center of circle (217) angle are respectively 180 °, 45 °, the projected area that can obtain large hemispherical mirror is 628 square metres, the projected area of little hemispherical mirror is 313 square metres, add up to 941 square metres, be a set of heat sink vertical projection and take up an area maximum area.Again from formula (20), (22), the absorption solar power of this cover heat dump can reach 1.58 megawatts, and maximum temperature can reach 1217K.The as a whole structure of this device, can motor-drivenly be arranged, and compared with slot type, tower, dish-style heat collector, small volume, both can be used for ground, can be used for space again, and because solar irradiation is stronger, its Endothermic power is also higher in space.
Specific embodiment has:
Embodiment 1: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror.
Embodiment 2: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink and comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror, described large spherical diaphotoscope comprises spherical frame and is embedded in more than 1 or 1 Fresnel lens on framework, framework lower end is provided with circular hole, worn to central authorities from the bottom to top by hollow cone, and supported by this cone fixing.
Embodiment 3: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink and comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror, described large spherical diaphotoscope comprises spherical frame and is embedded in more than 1 or 1 Fresnel lens on framework, framework lower end is provided with circular hole, worn to central authorities from the bottom to top by hollow cone, and supported by this cone fixing; Described Fresnel lens is trapezoidal concave surface, the rounded concave surface in the top, is all embedded on spherical frame, the groove of each Fresnel lens face outer, towards sunlight, optically focused focal length is longer, focus all drops in the pellet shapes heat dump of spherical frame central authorities.
Embodiment 4: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; The transparent heat dump of described pellet shapes, makes transparent hollow spheroid with quartz glass, and spherical shell is double-deck quartz glass, and inner-layer thick, skin are thin, and intermediate course is vacuum and some little glass blocks of liner, is connected as a single entity by inside and outside shell, outer cover suit transparent sphere net; Hollow ball built-in pintongs shape absorber plate, external defeated working medium pipeline, lower end is provided with scale removing tube road; Hollow ball is supported fixing by hollow cone upper end, defeated working medium pipeline, scale removing tube road are installed in cone.
Embodiment 5: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; Two-face mirror is corresponding centered by cone, and bottom is connected as a single entity, and has concave curvatures to connect with cone, and large-scale spherical diaphotoscope partly closes up by two-face mirror; Two-face mirror lower end is fixed on annulus rotating disk, is supported by corner bracket on rotating disk, can rotate with rotating disk around rotating shaft.
Embodiment 6: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror: described defeated working medium pipeline comprises defeated cold water pipes and defeated steam pipeline; Defeated cold water pipes is provided with one-way cock in import; Defeated steam pipeline is provided with filtering layer and one-way high-pressure snifting valve in outlet, and internal layer adopts pottery, middle level adopts stainless steel, outer employing insulation material.
Embodiment 7: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink and comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror: described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at the rotating shaft under rotating disk, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at the large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit composition, rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, large rotating shaft under chassis, pedestal is from top to bottom superimposed.
Embodiment 8: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; Described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at rotating disk under rotating shaft, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit composition, under rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, chassis, large rotating shaft, pedestal are from top to bottom superimposed; The position of described annular rotating disk, below the center of carrying small mirrors, under having a semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet to be articulated in bottom plate of turntable, oral area down, distributes along rotating disk radius; Center of turntable lower end is by a hollow circular cylinder rotating shaft support, and rotating shaft lower end is arranged on an annular chassis.
Embodiment 9: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; Described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at rotating disk under rotating shaft, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit composition, under rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, chassis, large rotating shaft, pedestal are from top to bottom superimposed; Described annular chassis, is provided with a little semisphere photoreceptor in the edge of Chaoyang one side; Centered by the center of circle, the semiclosed rectangular solenoid of radiation profiles some on chassis, built-in soft magnetic material, outward around copper core wire circle, upward, crossbeam length is identical with permanent magnet on rotating disk for oral area, and solenoid two oral areas can be just right with top permanent magnet two oral areas; In the semi-circumference of an on the sunny side side, be uniformly distributed 11 solenoids, 18 degree, interval, from left end is several clockwise, front 10 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil, suit 1 secondary coil; In the semi-circumference of an in the shade side, set up 4 solenoids, 36 degree, interval, from right-hand member is several clockwise, front 3 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, suit 1 secondary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil.
Embodiment 10: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror, described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at rotating disk under rotating shaft, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit composition, under rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, chassis, large rotating shaft, pedestal are from top to bottom superimposed, described annular chassis, is provided with a little semisphere photoreceptor in the edge of Chaoyang one side, centered by the center of circle, the semiclosed rectangular solenoid of radiation profiles some on chassis, built-in soft magnetic material, outer around copper core wire circle, oral area upward, crossbeam length is identical with permanent magnet on rotating disk, solenoid two oral areas can be just right with top permanent magnet two oral areas: in the semi-circumference facing south a side, be uniformly distributed 11 solenoids, 18 degree, interval, from left end is several clockwise, front 10 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil, be set with 1 secondary coil: in the semi-circumference of an in the shade side, set up 4 solenoids, 36 degree, interval, from right-hand member is several clockwise, front 3 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, be set with 1 secondary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil, described little semisphere photoreceptor is a smaller part ball shape closed enclosure, and centered by the centre of sphere, 18 degree, interval, is respectively provided with 1 shadow shield radially, closed enclosure is separated into 11 cells, closed enclosure is from the centre of sphere, and be provided with two layers of hemisphere face from inside to outside, radius progressively increases, on the small sphere of exterior rearview of innermost layer, 11 cells are respectively provided with 1 photoresistance, and wherein Room the 1st is provided with separately 2 photoresistance, on the sphere of middle layer, 11 cells are respectively provided with 1 Fresnel lens, and outside groove faces, towards sunlight, lens focus drops in this room photoresistance, on outermost layer sphere, 11 little chamber enclosures are respectively provided with 1 circular light-passing board, light-passing board area and spacing are arranged suitably, guarantee to only have cell lens and resistance effectively to be irradiated in sunlight migration process.
Embodiment 11: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlapping heat sink, to comprise 1 large spherical transmission saturating, 1 transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror: described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at the rotating shaft under rotating disk, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at the large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit composition, rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, large rotating shaft under chassis, pedestal is from top to bottom superimposed, the automatic control circuit of described solar tracking system be divided into catoptron to follow the tracks of daytime sun skew automatic rotation circuit and night automatic control type rotating circuit, wherein follow the tracks of the sun circuit daytime to be connected with 11 photoresistance, 11 solenoids in photoreceptor respectively by 11 homophases input proportional amplifier integrated components, form 11 covers and change sunlight shifted signal into current signal, the circuit that after amplifying, tactile logical solenoid, attraction permanent magnet, traction rotating disk catoptron rotate, last 1 overlaps circuit by current interruptions signal transmission to control circuit at night, night control circuit input proportional amplifier integrated component with 4 homophases respectively by 3 electrothermal relays, 1 photoresistance, 4 solenoids are connected, form 4 covers to utilize previous stage integrated circuit look-at-me to start integrated circuit at the corresponding levels, touch the circuit that logical solenoid attracts permanent magnet, traction rotating disk catoptron rotates, rotating disk is fixed by last 1 cover circuit, morning next day loses its reliss when receiving sunlight, is transferred by rotating disk and follows the tracks of the sun circuit daytime.
Embodiment 12: high temperature solar heat collecting device in one, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; Described working medium heat reservoir is a hollow circular cylinder, and internal layer adopts pottery, middle level adopts Stainless Steel Shell, outer employing insulation material.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned embodiment is only for the present invention will be described, and it does not play restriction effect to protection scope of the present invention.As long as employing the technical program, or any conventional technical scheme of replacing or be out of shape that those of ordinary skill in the art can make will fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. high temperature solar heat collecting device in a kind, it is characterized in that, comprise heat sink, defeated working medium pipeline, solar tracking system, working medium heat reservoir, described heat sink have a set of or a set of more than, often overlap heat sink comprise 1 large spherical diaphotoscope, 1 the transparent heat dump of pellet shapes, two sides hemispherical mirror; Described large spherical diaphotoscope comprises spherical frame and is embedded in more than 1 or 1 Fresnel lens on framework, and framework lower end is provided with circular hole, is worn to central authorities from the bottom to top by hollow cone, and is supported fixing by this cone; The transparent heat dump of described pellet shapes, makes transparent hollow spheroid with quartz glass, and spherical shell is double-deck quartz glass, and inner-layer thick, skin are thin, and intermediate course is vacuum and some little glass blocks of liner, is connected as a single entity by inside and outside shell, outer cover suit transparent sphere net; Hollow ball built-in pintongs shape absorber plate, external defeated working medium pipeline, lower end is provided with scale removing tube road; Hollow ball is supported fixing by hollow cone upper end, defeated working medium pipeline, scale removing tube road are installed in cone; Described two sides hemispherical mirror comprises 1 large-scale hemispherical mirror, 1 small-sized hemispherical mirror, two-face mirror is corresponding centered by cone, bottom is connected as a single entity, and has concave curvatures to connect with cone, and large spherical diaphotoscope partly closes up by two-face mirror; Two-face mirror lower end is fixed on annulus rotating disk, is supported by corner bracket on rotating disk, can rotate with rotating disk around rotating shaft; Described defeated working medium pipeline comprises defeated cold water pipes and defeated steam pipeline; Defeated cold water pipes is provided with one-way cock in import; Defeated steam pipeline is provided with filtering layer and one-way high-pressure snifting valve in outlet, and internal layer adopts pottery, middle level adopts stainless steel, outer employing insulation material.
2. according to claim 1 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, described Fresnel lens is trapezoidal concave surface, the rounded concave surface in the top, all be embedded on spherical frame, the groove of each Fresnel lens faces outward, towards sunlight, optically focused focal length is longer, and focus all drops in the pellet shapes heat dump of spherical frame central authorities.
3. according to claim 1 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, described solar tracking system comprises annular rotating disk, be positioned at rotating disk under rotating shaft, annular chassis, little semisphere photoreceptor, be positioned at large rotating shaft under chassis and automatic control circuit, under rotating disk, rotating disk lower rotary shaft, chassis, chassis, large rotating shaft, pedestal are from top to bottom superimposed.
4. according to claim 3 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, the position of described annular rotating disk, below the center of carrying small mirrors, under having a semiclosed rectangular permanent magnet to be articulated in bottom plate of turntable, oral area down, distributes along rotating disk radius; Center of turntable lower end is by a hollow circular cylinder rotating shaft support, and rotating shaft lower end is arranged on a circular ring type chassis.
5. according to claim 3 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, described annular chassis, be provided with a little semisphere photoreceptor in the edge of Chaoyang one side; Centered by the center of circle, the semiclosed rectangular solenoid of radiation profiles some on chassis, built-in soft magnetic material, outward around copper core wire circle, upward, crossbeam length is identical with permanent magnet on rotating disk for oral area, and solenoid two oral areas can be just right with top permanent magnet two oral areas; In the semi-circumference of an on the sunny side side, be uniformly distributed 11 solenoids, 18 degree, interval, from left end is several clockwise, front 10 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil, suit 1 secondary coil; In the semi-circumference of an in the shade side, set up 4 solenoids, 36 degree, interval, from right-hand member is several clockwise, front 3 solenoid coilings 1 primary coil, suit 1 secondary coil, last 1 solenoid coiling 1 primary coil.
6. according to claim 5 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, described little semisphere photoreceptor, a smaller part ball shape closed enclosure, centered by the centre of sphere, 18 degree, interval, respectively be provided with 1 shadow shield radially, closed enclosure be separated into 11 cells; Closed enclosure is from the centre of sphere, and be provided with three layers of hemisphere face from inside to outside, radius progressively increases; On the small sphere of exterior rearview of innermost layer, 11 cells are respectively provided with 1 photoresistance, and wherein Room the 1st is provided with separately 2 photoresistance; On the sphere of middle layer, 11 cells are respectively provided with 1 Fresnel lens, and outside groove faces, towards sunlight, lens focus drops in this room photoresistance; On outermost layer sphere, 11 little chamber enclosures are respectively provided with 1 circular light-passing board, light-passing board area and spacing are arranged suitably, guarantee to only have cell lens and resistance effectively to be irradiated in sunlight migration process.
7. according to claim 3 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, the automatic control circuit of described solar tracking system be divided into catoptron to follow the tracks of daytime sun skew automatic rotation circuit and night automatic control type rotating circuit; Wherein follow the tracks of the sun circuit daytime to be connected with 11 photoresistance, 11 solenoids in photoreceptor respectively by 11 homophases input proportional amplifier integrated components, form 11 covers and change sunlight shifted signal into current signal, the circuit that after amplifying, tactile logical solenoid, attraction permanent magnet, traction rotating disk catoptron rotate, last 1 overlaps circuit by current interruptions signal transmission to control circuit at night; Night control circuit input proportional amplifier integrated component with 4 homophases respectively by 3 electrothermal relays, 1 photoresistance, 4 solenoids are connected, form 4 covers to utilize previous stage integrated circuit look-at-me to start integrated circuit at the corresponding levels, touch the circuit that logical solenoid attracts permanent magnet, traction rotating disk catoptron rotates, rotating disk is fixed by last 1 cover circuit, morning next day loses its reliss when receiving sunlight, is transferred by rotating disk and follows the tracks of the sun circuit daytime.
8. according to claim 1 in high temperature solar heat collecting device, it is characterized in that, described working medium heat reservoir is a hollow circular cylinder, and internal layer adopts pottery, middle level adopts Stainless Steel Shell, outer adopt insulation material.
CN201310037282.8A 2013-01-31 2013-01-31 High temperature solar heat collecting device in one Expired - Fee Related CN103090558B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310037282.8A CN103090558B (en) 2013-01-31 2013-01-31 High temperature solar heat collecting device in one

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310037282.8A CN103090558B (en) 2013-01-31 2013-01-31 High temperature solar heat collecting device in one

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103090558A CN103090558A (en) 2013-05-08
CN103090558B true CN103090558B (en) 2015-08-05

Family

ID=48203453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310037282.8A Expired - Fee Related CN103090558B (en) 2013-01-31 2013-01-31 High temperature solar heat collecting device in one

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103090558B (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103346698A (en) * 2013-07-26 2013-10-09 哈尔滨阳光能源工程有限公司 Spherical photovoltaic power generation device for solar cooker
CN103673323A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-26 浙江龙驰科技有限公司 Solar heat collecting device
CN105318578A (en) * 2015-02-07 2016-02-10 成都奥能普科技有限公司 Solid particle block groove-type solar ejection driven heat-exchange and heat-transmission system
CN105066478B (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-06-06 华南理工大学 Truncated cone-shaped cavity-type solar heat dump containing double multitube
CN107192140A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-22 安徽新兴翼凌机电发展有限公司 A kind of novel solar water heater heat collector
CN112413910B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-05-24 深圳市冠辰新能源科技有限公司 Solar heat collection device
CN114688750B (en) * 2020-12-28 2023-10-24 浙江高晟光热发电技术研究院有限公司 Protective device of tower type solar heat absorber

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6504654B1 (en) * 1998-05-18 2003-01-07 Roberto Santander Cerbell Modulated liquid lens without spherical aberration having means for absorbing the solar energy condenser and provided with a heat plate for the absorption of high temperatures
CN2594725Y (en) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-24 葛志江 Spherical netted hot-pipe engineering solar heat collector
CN2674358Y (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-01-26 付长彪 Solar heat collector

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090078249A1 (en) * 2007-05-24 2009-03-26 Tricia Liu Device for concentrating optical radiation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6504654B1 (en) * 1998-05-18 2003-01-07 Roberto Santander Cerbell Modulated liquid lens without spherical aberration having means for absorbing the solar energy condenser and provided with a heat plate for the absorption of high temperatures
CN2594725Y (en) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-24 葛志江 Spherical netted hot-pipe engineering solar heat collector
CN2674358Y (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-01-26 付长彪 Solar heat collector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103090558A (en) 2013-05-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103090558B (en) High temperature solar heat collecting device in one
Chel et al. Renewable energy technologies for sustainable development of energy efficient building
Lovegrove et al. Solar thermal energy systems in Australia
CN106766246A (en) The two solar energy management and control technologies and solar low-temperature application technology of the huge practical energy source technology of preparing of solar energy high temperature thermoelectricity
Aghaei Solar electric and solar thermal energy: A summary of current technologies
CN102654112A (en) Solar power generating station
CN101561553A (en) System for turning focused sunlight spots into parallel light capable of being transmitted at high density in any direction
US20170356427A1 (en) Zero-Fossil-Fuel-Using Heating and Cooling Apparatus for Residences and Buildings
Sahoo A polygeneration process concept for hybrid solar and biomass power plant: simulation, modelling, and optimization
Chwieduk Solar energy utilisation
US11624511B2 (en) Zero-fossil-fuel-using heating and cooling apparatus for residences and buildings with an array for tracking the sun
Nangia et al. Potential of solar thermal technology and its status in India
CN208667154U (en) Novel solar seawater desalination and water purification system
KR20100111376A (en) Hot water and steam systems used on solar heat energy
Musunuri et al. Solar thermal energy
Moore Making Use of the Heat of the Sun
Umamaheswaran Solar based distillation system for domestic application
Sarkar et al. Flat Plate Solar Collectors for water pre-heating using Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
BR102019008751A2 (en) SOLABLE OVAL PARABOLOID OVAL GUTTER SOUNABLE / INTERCHANGEABLE AND ADJUSTABLE, WITH SMALL STRAIGHT BASE AND INSULATING AND TRANSPARENT UPPER PROTECTION, HIGHLY CONCENTRATING INTERNAL HEATING DIRECT, INDIRECT AND DIFFUSED, COLLECTIBLE IN UP TO 8 TUBES INTO THE UNDER THE TUBES, UP TO 8 TUBES INTO THE TUBES VERTICALIZED CENTRAL OR TRAPEZOIDS, EVERYTHING FOR HEATING WATER TO 105 ° C OR REHEATING CIRCULATING THERMAL FLUID TO 370 ° C, FOR MISCELLANEOUS HEATING OR STEAM ELECTRIC GENERATION AND / OR ABSORPTION COOLING
Esteban Provencio Solar integration in a district heating and cooling network
Samudrala A Comparative Study on the Thermal Efficiency of Solar Vacuum-Tube vs. Flat-Plate Collectors for Water Heating Systems
Samim et al. Automatic Solar Based Water Heating System Through Convex Lenses
JINDAL ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF SOLAR POWER TOWER PLANT BASED ON NANOFLUID
Getahun Techno–Economic Assessment of Solar Flat Plate Water Heater for Gerji site Condominium Building
BR102019013050A2 (en) DIRECT, INDIRECT AND DIFFUSED SOLAR THERMAL REFLECTING AND CONCENTRATING PARABOLOID GUTTER? TRIPLE OVAL AND SEMIVERTICAL SEMIELIPTICS, ADJUSTABLE AND CUSTOMIZABLE BY LOCATION AND FUNCTION - FOR SLOW HEATING IN EXCLUSIVE COLLECTION BOX EXCLUSIVE OF LOTS OF COLD WATER OR CIRCULATING THERMAL FLUID FOR USES IN DIFFERENT HEATING AND VARIETIES GROUPS

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C53 Correction of patent for invention or patent application
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: Central Sichuan province Chunhua road 614000 in the middle of Leshan City No. 459 generation Vista 1 unit 2 Building No. 301

Applicant after: Zeng Linglun

Address before: The 624600 Sichuan ABA ABA ABA County town of ABA County Department of people's armed Deji Road No. 7

Applicant before: Zeng Linglun

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150805

Termination date: 20200131

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee