CN103089254A - Physical simulation test tube of multi-field coupling coalbed methane exploitation - Google Patents
Physical simulation test tube of multi-field coupling coalbed methane exploitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical simulation test tube of multi-filed coupling coalbed methane exploitation. The test tube comprises an outer tube (12), wherein the outer tube (12) is provided with an outer area (12a) of gas drainage, the outer area (12a) of the gas drainage is provided with a plurality of outer holes (14a) of the gas drainage, and the outer tube (12) is provided with an inner tube (15). The test tube can simulate the gas drainage of the coalbed methane under the spot working condition in a laboratory, reappear the change of a coal bed parameter in the actual working condition, study the changes of a stress field, a fracture field, a seepage field and a temperature field and analyze the spatial-temporal evolution and the distribution law of the gas flow of the coalbed and the fracture coupling of the coal and rock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pilot system and method for simulating coal-bed gas exploitation process under many coupling mechanism.
Background technology
Coal bed gas is a kind of energy of potential cleaning.Under current energy-intensive situation, accelerate the exploitation of coal bed gas, to improving China's energy resource structure, taking full advantage of with environmental contamination reduction etc. of the energy had important practical significance.From the angle of mineral resources, coal bed gas take methane as Main Ingredients and Appearance (content＞85%), form in the incoalation process, preserve coal bed gas and close among the rock stratum, can the exploitation technology with its extraction and the unconventional natural gas that is used from the coal seam.China's coal bed gas resource is abundant, and according to the coal bed gas resource evaluation, 2000 meters of China's buried depths occupy the third place in the world with about 36.81 tcms of shallow coal bed gas geological resources, mainly are distributed in North China and the Northwest.Wherein, compose the coal bed gas geological resources of depositing and account for respectively 56.3%, 28.1%, 14.3%, 1.3% of national coal bed gas geological resource total amount North China, the Northwest, southern area and the Northeast.
Modal cbm development mode mainly contains two kinds, that is: down-hole coal bed gas extraction and mining with surface drill well.Down-hole extraction coal bed gas is drilling from down-hole mining tunnel, colliery, the coal bed gas in the coal seam is extracted by the coal seam air pump in ground.The methane output of this development scheme is less, methane concentration not high (20%～50%), and easily be subject to the impact that the colliery digging is produced, so it is purpose mainly with Safety of Coal Mine Production, the utilization rate of coal bed gas is lower.Since the 1950's, China just promotes as the important measures of administering the coal mine gas disaster coal bed gas extraction at high gas and projecting mine.Since half a century, mine quantity and gas suction amount that China implements the coal bed gas extraction grow steadily year by year.Yet the main feature in China coal seam is that gas permeability of coal seam is low, gas bearing capacity is high, dangerous serious, the coal seam group mining of Coal Outburst, complicated geological, and the condition of coal seam occurrence of China has determined that the coal bed gas extraction of China should be take the release extraction as main.The mining with surface drill well coal bed gas is to enter solid coal seam from ground drilling, by the coal bed gas in drainage and step-down desorb coal output layer, then arrives ground by Wellbore Flow.The gas production of this mining type is large, the aerogenesis time is long, methane content high (greater than 90%), so can support large-scale commercialization utilization, but in order to guarantee the workability of coal bed gas, and obtain certain economic benefit, this development scheme has higher requirement to coal bed gas resource amount, coal geology structure, air content, permeability, geographical environment etc.
At present, China's overall coal bed gas extraction poor effect is embodied in coal bed gas extraction rate low.Cause the low reason of China's coal-mine coal bed gas extraction rate that 2 aspects are arranged: be on the one hand odjective cause, high coal bed gas and the projecting mine coal seam of exploiting of China more than 95% belongs to low air permeability coal seam, and Permeability Coefficent in Coal Seam only has 0.004～0.04m
2/ (MPa
2D), coal bed gas extraction (particularly taking out in advance) difficulty is very large; Be subjective reason on the other hand, main manifestations is short, borehole engineering quantity not sufficient of extraction time, sealing quality is poor, drainage system does not mate and manage not in place.Therefore how research is carried out effective extraction to coal bed gas and is had extremely important engineering significance.
On the other hand, press theoretical according to the ore deposit, after seam mining, its roof strata generation inbreak is moved, after overlying rock sinks to stablizing, overlying rock mining induced fissure zoning can be divided into " perpendicular three bands " and " Heng San district ", and namely minery vertically is divided into caving zone, fissure zone and bending subsidence band from lower to upper; Be divided into rib along advance of the face direction in work plane air way and zone, machine lane and support influence area, absciss layer district and compacting zone again.Along with work plane is constantly pushed ahead, alternately move forward along " Heng San district " on the work direction of propulsion thereupon.In the process of coal bed gas extraction, the migration of gas in coal rock layer will be subject to the impact of the new crack area distribution that produces in " perpendicular three bands " and " Heng San district ", and in " perpendicular three bands " and " Heng San district ", there is important impact in the new crack that produces on improving extraction efficient and reasonably utilize.
Also do not carry out at present experimental rig or the method for coal bed gas extraction simulation in the laboratory, the state that the laboratory can be simulated be mostly in false three axle Coal Under layer permeability along with stress, gas pressure, variations in temperature and the relation that changes, and the method for various raising coal seam permeabilities is proposed on this basis.Although these seepage simulation tests have illustrated the influence that various influence factors flow to the coal seam coal bed gas to a certain extent, but the complexity in view of extraction work and system thereof, these emulation modes and on-site actual situations differ far away, can not illustrate that the coal bed gas extraction under physical condition is subject to the effect of each factor.
Therefore those skilled in the art be devoted to develop a kind of can be in experimental rig and the method for laboratory physical analogy coal bed gas extraction.
Summary of the invention
Because the prior art defects, technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can be in experimental rig and the method for laboratory physical analogy coal bed gas extraction.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment systems, comprise the test specimen case; Described test specimen upper box part is provided with at least one Z-direction depression bar and Z-direction pressing plate;
Be provided with at least one Y-direction depression bar and Y-direction pressing plate on the right boxboard of described test specimen case;
Be provided with at least one X-direction depression bar and X-direction pressing plate on the rearing-box plate of described test specimen case;
Described Z-direction pressing plate, Y-direction pressing plate and X-direction pressing plate all are positioned at described test specimen case;
The front boxboard of described test specimen case is provided with stair-stepping aspis; Be bolted to connection outstanding cover in described aspis; Be provided with the first sealing ring between the cascaded surface of described outstanding cover and described front boxboard;
The bottom of described test specimen case is provided with air permeable steel plate and air flue; Described air permeable steel plate covers on described air flue; The import of described air flue is provided with interior plug;
The outside interval of the left boxboard of described test specimen case is fixedly connected with the first backing plate; Described left boxboard is provided with interface between the interval of each the first backing plate; Be provided with sensor connector in described interface;
The endoporus of described outstanding cover is pre-large post-small shoulder hole, is provided with the shape outer tube holder corresponding with shoulder hole in this shoulder hole; Be provided with the second sealing ring between the cascaded surface of described outstanding cover and described outer tube holder; Outer tube has been threaded in the endoporus of described outer tube holder; Described outer tube extends in described test specimen case;
The front end face of described outstanding cover has been bolted mounting flange; Be provided with the 3rd sealing ring between described outer tube holder and described mounting flange; The front end of described mounting flange is provided with the flange boss; The cylindrical of described flange boss is provided with screw thread;
The back-end closure of described outer tube, front opening; Be provided with the position extraction outskirt corresponding with each described Z-direction depression bar on described outer tube; Be provided with hole outside some extractions on described extraction outskirt;
Be provided with inner tube in described outer tube and mounting flange; Described inner tube comprises that first takes over and the 3rd adapter, and optionally one or more second adapter; Described the first adapter, second is taken over and the 3rd adapter can be threaded front and back successively, and connecting thread has interchangeability; What described the first adapter, the second adapter and the 3rd were taken over is provided with sealing ring in conjunction with the end; Described the first adapter and the second external diameter of taking over are less than the internal diameter of described outer tube;
Described first takes over corresponding described flange boss place is provided with defining flange; The described first front end cylindrical of taking at described defining flange is provided with screw thread; Be combined with the first joint in the described first front end endoporus of taking over;
Be combined with nut on the external screw thread of described defining flange and flange boss;
Described the first adapter and second is taken over and is provided with vertically through hole; The described the 3rd takes over the blind hole that is provided with vertically the front opening back-end closure;
Described the 3rd adapter is provided with the extraction inner region; The two ends, front and back end of described extraction inner region are respectively arranged with the first extraction flange and the second extraction flange; Described the second extraction flange coordinates with described outer tube, and and described outer tube between be provided with the 4th sealing ring; Be provided with first seal area corresponding with described the second extraction flange on described extraction outskirt;
The external diameter of described extraction inner region is less than the diameter of described outer tube; Described extraction inner region is evenly equipped with a plurality of extraction endoporus along circumferential and axial;
The center line of described Z-direction depression bar can be positioned at described the first extraction flange and equidistant virtual of the second extraction flange opposing end surface on.
For ease of measure calculating a certain Z-direction depression bar to the impact of extraction, described the first extraction flange coordinates with described outer tube, and and described outer tube between be provided with the 5th sealing ring; Be provided with second seal area corresponding with described the first extraction flange on described extraction outskirt.
Better, outside described extraction, the aperture in hole is greater than the aperture of described extraction endoporus; The distribution density in the outer hole of described extraction is greater than the distribution density of described extraction endoporus; In described extraction outskirt, outside the first seal area and the second seal area, the first axial hole heart between each described extraction outer hole is apart from being not less than 5mm; The second axial hole heart distance between each described extraction endoporus is the twice of described the first axial hole heart distance.
Better, the extraction outskirt of described outer tube is evenly equipped with hole outside 18 described extractions in a circumferential direction; The described the 3rd extraction inner region of taking over is evenly equipped with 4 described extraction endoporus in a circumferential direction; The aperture in the outer hole of described extraction is not more than 1.5mm; The aperture of described extraction endoporus is not less than 2mm; Described the first axial hole heart distance is 5mm; Described the second axial hole heart distance is 10mm.
Better, be provided with bonded washer between the front end face of described the first joint and described inner tube.
For ease of operation, the endoporus aperture of described outstanding cover is greater than the external diameter of described outer tube holder.
The present invention discloses a kind of many coupling coal bed gas extraction simulation experiment methods, comprise the following steps:
1, early-stage preparations
Then 1a) the property of water-bearing of test coal sample used is added certain water according to the coal sample quality and is made predetermined moisture content;
1b) in the test specimen case in the coal rock layer forming process, sensor installation and extraction outer tube simultaneously, the back-end closure of described extraction outer tube, front opening; Be provided with the position extraction outskirt corresponding with test specimen case Z-direction depression bar on described outer tube; Be provided with hole outside some extractions on described extraction outskirt;
1c) cover plate is installed the sealed test piece case, and connects sensor and be wired to computer;
1d) the test specimen case is placed in loading system, then assembling extraction inner tube in the extraction outer tube; The extraction inner tube comprises that first takes over and the 3rd adapter, and optionally one or more second adapter; Described the first adapter, second is taken over and the 3rd adapter can be threaded front and back successively, and connecting thread has interchangeability; What described the first adapter, the second adapter and the 3rd were taken over is provided with sealing ring in conjunction with the end; Described the first adapter and the second external diameter of taking over are less than the internal diameter of described outer tube; Described the first adapter and second is taken over and is provided with vertically through hole; The described the 3rd takes over the blind hole that is provided with vertically the front opening back-end closure; Described the 3rd adapter is provided with the extraction inner region; The two ends, front and back end of described extraction inner region are respectively arranged with the first extraction flange and the second extraction flange; Described the second extraction flange coordinates with described outer tube, and and described outer tube between be provided with the 4th sealing ring; Be provided with first seal area corresponding with described the second extraction flange on described extraction outskirt; The external diameter of described extraction inner region is less than the diameter of described outer tube; Described extraction inner region is evenly equipped with a plurality of extraction endoporus along circumferential and axial;
1e) at the first outlet of taking over wide range gas flow meter in parallel and small-range gas flow meter; The test specimen case is connected with the gas source of the gas;
2, gas adsorption
Close each valve with seal case, then the log-on data acquisition system starts the three-dimensional stress loading system, and each depression bar of test specimen case is applied predetermined stress level, adopts deeply with simulation; Open vacuum pump the coal seam is vacuumized, so that the pressure in the test specimen case reaches 1 * 10
2Pa; Open the gas gas cylinder after one hour and inflate, the blowing pressure is 1.2MPa, and inflationtime is 48 hours;
3, gas pumping
Open the drainage tube valve, omnidistance each parameter of detection changes and gas flow changes: first open Mass Flow Meter, treat that flow is reduced in the range of small-range gas flow meter, close wide range gas flow meter, open small-range gas flow meter; This process gas source can be closed, and also can be stable at predetermined output pressure always;
4, finish single test
When the gas source was arranged: the closed gas system stopped three-dimensional and loads; Continue firedamp drainage, until in the test specimen case, desorption of mash gas is complete, stop data collecting system, finish test;
During without the gas source: in the test specimen case, desorption of mash gas is discharged and is fully stopped the three-dimensional loading, stops data collecting system, finishes test.
5, complete other tests on the same group
Change simulation adopt dark, extraction length or extraction point wherein one of test parameters, and keep other test parameters constant, or change simultaneously extraction length and extraction point and keep simulation to adopt deeply, repetition above-mentioned steps 2-4.
Better, step 1a) in, the coal sample moisture content is 5%.
The present invention also discloses a kind of multiple seam unitized production Coal During layer gas extraction simulated test, comprise that step is as follows:
1, early-stage preparations
Then 1a) the property of water-bearing of test coal sample used is added certain water according to the coal sample quality and is made predetermined moisture content; Test specimen is made the multiple seam test specimen, and lay a plurality of oil pressure bags in lower coal seam, the oil pressure bag is connected to the data acquisition hole of the left plate of casing;
1b) cover plate is installed the sealed test piece case, and connects sensor and be wired to computer; At test specimen case middle part with each Y-direction depression bar over against locating to arrange the second joint, each second joint is inboard to be connected with rubber hose coupling, rubber hose coupling is connected with the side direction adapter, is densely covered with a plurality of side direction drainage holes in the side direction adapter;
1c) connect the 3rd gas flow meter in the outer end of each the second joint; The test specimen case is connected with the gas source of the gas; Each oil pressure bag is connected to its external control piper;
2, gas adsorption
Close each valve with seal case, then the log-on data acquisition system starts the three-dimensional stress loading system, and each depression bar of test specimen case is applied predetermined stress level, adopts deeply with simulation; Open vacuum pump the coal seam is vacuumized, so that the pressure in the test specimen case reaches 1 * 10
2Pa; Open the gas gas cylinder after one hour and inflate, the blowing pressure is 1.2MPa, and inflationtime is 48 hours;
3, gas pumping
Open simultaneously 4 the 3rd gas flow meters, the gas flow that detects the inner gas pressure in coal seam and STRESS VARIATION and each extraction point changes, after stability of flow, take 1.44h or 0.72h or 0.48h or 0.36h as the interval emptying each oil pressure bag one by one from front to back, until all oil pressure bags emptying till, with the simulation actual condition in seam mining speed; The variation of gas pressure, stress of coal seam and each extraction point flow in the upper coal seam of uninterrupted monitoring and lower coal seam in this course; In this process, gas source pressure is stable at always adopts dark corresponding pressure with simulating;
4, finish single test
The closed gas system stops three-dimensional and loads; Continue to open the methane gas extraction pipeline firedamp drainage, until in casing, the coal bed gas desorb is complete, stop data collecting system, finish experiment;
5, change simulation adopt dark or model face propulsion speed wherein one of test parameters, and keep other test parameters constant, repeat above step 2-4.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, can carry out the simulation of coal seam coal bed gas extraction in the laboratory, thereby provide theoretical direction for field operation;
2, the coal bed gas extraction situation in the time of can simulating multiple physical field (stress field, field, crack, seepage field) coupling under multiple seam and single coal seam state;
3, can simulate the Changing Pattern of coal bed gas extraction rate under mining influence, can simulate especially in the topping mining type, the extracting result of protected seam changes;
3, this simulation experiment method, considered when multiple physical field intercouples the Changing Pattern of coal bed gas flow regime in the coal seam, reproduced the situation of change of coal seam parameter in the Engineering Disturbance situation, the variation of stress field, field, crack, seepage field, thermal field be can study, coal bed gas flow temporal-spatial evolution and the regularity of distribution with coal and rock crack coupling analyzed.
4, equipment operating is convenient, and automaticity is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the left TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing at I place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing at II place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing at III place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is another structural representation of inner and outer tubes in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the pipeline structure schematic diagram of outlet side during the extraction of the embodiment of the invention is tested.
Figure 10 is the pipeline structure schematic diagram of gas source of the gas in the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the structural representation that in the extraction test of the embodiment of the invention, the extraction point is positioned at the 3rd Z-direction pressure head below.
Figure 12 is the structural representation that in the extraction test of the embodiment of the invention, the extraction point is positioned at the second Z-direction pressure head below.
Figure 13 is the structural representation that in the extraction test of the embodiment of the invention, the extraction point is positioned at the first Z-direction pressure head below.
Figure 14 is the stress in coal bed distribution schematic diagram in work plane the place ahead in actual condition.
Figure 15 adopts dynamic simulated extraction test schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 16 is the left TV structure schematic diagram after Figure 15 removes test specimen.
Figure 17 is the partial enlarged drawing at IV place in Figure 16.
Figure 18 is the pipeline structure schematic diagram of the second joint outlet side in multiple seam unitized production Coal During layer gas extraction simulated test of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
As extremely shown in Figure 6 in Fig. 1, a kind of many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment systems, comprise test specimen case 1, be disposed with afterwards the first Z-direction depression bar 2a, the second Z-direction depression bar 2b, the 3rd Z-direction depression bar 2c and the 4th Z-direction depression bar 2d on the upper boxboard of test specimen case 1 in the past, each Z-direction depression bar all is fixed with Z-direction pressing plate 3, be provided with four Y-direction depression bars 4 and Y-direction pressing plate 5 on right boxboard, be provided with an X-direction depression bar 6 and X-direction pressing plate 7 on rearing-box plate.Z-direction pressing plate 3, Y-direction pressing plate 5 and X-direction pressing plate 7 all are positioned at test specimen case 1.
The bottom of test specimen case 1 is provided with air permeable steel plate 25 and air flue 26, and air permeable steel plate 25 covers on air flue 26, and the import of air flue 25 is provided with interior plug 27.
The outside interval of the left boxboard of test specimen case 1 is fixedly connected with the first backing plate 28, and left boxboard is provided with interface 29 between the interval of each the first backing plate 28, be provided with sensor the first joint 30 in interface 29.
The front boxboard of test specimen case 1 is provided with stair-stepping aspis 9, has been bolted to connection outstanding cover 10 in aspis 9, is provided with the first sealing ring 8a between the cascaded surface of outstanding cover 10 and front boxboard.
The endoporus of outstanding cover 10 is pre-large post-small shoulder hole, is provided with the shape outer tube holder 11 corresponding with shoulder hole in this shoulder hole.The endoporus aperture of outstanding cover 10 is greater than the external diameter of described outer tube holder 11.
Be provided with the second sealing ring 8b between the cascaded surface of outstanding cover 10 and outer tube holder 11.The outer tube 12 that has been threaded in the endoporus of outer tube holder 11, outer tube 12 extends in test specimen case 1.
The front end face of outstanding cover 10 has been bolted mounting flange 13, is provided with the 3rd sealing ring 8c between outer tube holder 11 and mounting flange 13, and the front end of mounting flange 13 is provided with flange boss 13a, and the cylindrical of flange boss 13a is provided with screw thread.
The back-end closure of outer tube 12, front opening.Be provided with the position extraction outskirt 12a corresponding with each Z-direction depression bar on outer tube 12, be provided with the outer hole 14a of some extractions on extraction outskirt 12a.
Be provided with inner tube 15 in outer tube 12 and mounting flange 13.Inner tube 15 comprises that first takes over 15a and the 3rd and take over 15c, and optionally one or more second takes over 15b.The first adapter 15a, second takes over 15b and the 3rd adapter 15c can be threaded front and back successively, and connecting thread has interchangeability.The first adapter 15a, the second adapter 15b and the 3rd adapter 15c are provided with sealing ring 8f in conjunction with the end.First takes over 15a and second takes over the external diameter of 15b less than the internal diameter of outer tube 12;
First takes over 15a companion flange boss 13a place is provided with defining flange 15a1, and the first adapter 15a is provided with screw thread at the front end 15a2 of defining flange 15a1 cylindrical.First takes between the front end face that is combined with the first joint 16, the first joints 16 and inner tube 15 in the front end endoporus of 15a and is provided with bonded washer 18.
Be combined with nut 19 on the external screw thread of defining flange 15a1 and flange boss 13a.
The first adapter 15a and second takes over 15b and is provided with vertically through hole, and the 3rd takes over the blind hole that 15c is provided with the front opening back-end closure vertically.
The 3rd takes over 15c is provided with extraction inner region 15c1, and the two ends, front and back end of extraction inner region 15c1 are respectively arranged with the first extraction flange 15c2 and the second extraction flange 15c3.
In the present embodiment, the 3rd takes over 15c comprises two kinds of basic structures, and wherein I type basic structure is that the second extraction flange 15c3 coordinates with outer tube 12, and and outer tube 12 between be provided with the 4th sealing ring 8d; Simultaneously, the first extraction flange 15c2 coordinates with outer tube 12, and and outer tube 12 between be provided with the 5th sealing ring 8e; Accordingly, be provided with the second seal area 12b corresponding with the first extraction flange 15c2 on extraction outskirt 12a, and the first seal area 12c corresponding with the second extraction flange 15c3.As shown in Figure 6.
The 3rd II type basic structure of taking over 15c is to be only that the second extraction flange 15c3 that is positioned at the rear end coordinates with outer tube and sealing ring is set, but to be positioned at the first extraction flange 15c2 external diameter of front end less than the internal diameter of outer tube 12.As shown in Figure 7.
For the 3rd of I type structure was taken over 15c, between the first extraction flange 15c2 and the second extraction flange 15c3 opposing end surface, distance consisted of the extraction distance L; For the 3rd of II type structure was taken over 15c, its extraction distance was adjustable according to the quantity of the second adapter 15b.
The external diameter of extraction inner region 15c1 is less than the diameter of outer tube 12; Extraction inner region 15c1 is evenly equipped with a plurality of extraction endoporus 14b along circumferential and axial.
The center line of each Z-direction depression bar can be positioned at the first extraction flange 15c2 and equidistant virtual 17 of the second extraction flange 15c3 opposing end surface on.
The extraction outskirt 12a of outer tube 12 is evenly equipped with the outer hole 14a of 18 extractions in a circumferential direction, and the 3rd extraction inner region 15c1 that takes over 15c is evenly equipped with 4 extraction endoporus 14b in a circumferential direction, as shown in Figure 8.The aperture of the outer hole 14a of extraction is 1.5mm, and the aperture of extraction endoporus 14b is 2mm.
In extraction outskirt 12, outside the first seal area 12c and the second seal area 12b, the first axial hole heart between the outer hole 14a of each extraction is apart from be 5mm, and the second axial hole heart distance between each extraction endoporus 14b is 10mm.
Reaction frame and frame in disclosed many colliery dynamic disaster large scale mock up test systems that are coupled of above-mentioned pilot system and cn102621232A are used in conjunction with, and can design a plurality of extraction modeling schemes, to complete many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation simulated tests.Table one has been enumerated the optional testing program of part, and wherein testing program 1,2,3 and 4 forms one group of simulated test, and scheme 3,5,6 forms one group of simulated test, and scheme 3,7,8,9 forms one group of simulated test.In the cited test parameters of table one, simulation is adopted between dark and gas pressure has corresponding relation, can obtain by conventionally calculation.
Each test procedure of organizing simulated test is as follows:
1, early-stage preparations
Then 1a) the property of water-bearing of test coal sample used is added certain water according to the coal sample quality and is made predetermined moisture content, and this simulates the coal seam moisture content is 5%;
1b) in the test specimen case in the coal rock layer forming process, sensor installation, extraction outer tube 12 and mounting flange simultaneously;
1c) cover plate is installed the sealed test piece case, and connects sensor and be wired to computer;
1d) the test specimen case is pushed into the base precalculated position of loading system, installs reaction frame, then assemble the extraction inner tube; Wherein, according to different extraction points, select second of varying number to take over 15b, only comprise that as inner tube in scheme 1 first takes over 15a and the 3rd adapter 15c, so that the center line 2a1 of the first Z-direction depression bar 2a is positioned on virtual 17, as shown in figure 13; Also can select one second to take over 15b, make it take over 15c with the first adapter 15a and the 3rd and be connected, so that the center line of the second Z-direction depression bar 2b is positioned on virtual 17, as shown in figure 12;
1e) connect successively the first baroceptor 20, the first valve 21, threeway 23 in the outer end of the first joint 16; Be connected with the second valve 22,500L/min range gas flow meter 41 on the first path of threeway 23, be connected with the 3rd valve 24 and 50L/min range gas flow meter 42 on alternate path, as shown in Figure 9; 27 places connect the second baroceptor 31, fine tuning valve 32 and gas gas cylinder 33 successively at interior plug, wherein the length of pipe between interior plug 27 and baroceptor 31 is less than 0.2m, length of pipe between baroceptor 31 and fine tuning valve 32 is not less than 3m, length of pipe between fine tuning valve 32 and gas gas cylinder 33 is less than 0.5m, as shown in figure 10.
2, gas adsorption
Close each valve with seal case, the log-on data acquisition system, then start the three-dimensional stress loading system, apply predetermined stress level, adopt deeply with simulation, as shown in table one scheme 1, the power of each Y-direction depression bar 4 is 3.6MPa, the power of X-direction depression bar 6 is 1.2MPa, and the power of the first Z-direction depression bar 2a, the second Z-direction depression bar 2b, the 3rd Z-direction depression bar 2c and the 4th Z-direction depression bar 2d is respectively 1.6MPa, 4.7MPa, 3.1MPa and 3.1MPa, and 1100m adopts deeply with simulation; Open vacuum pump the coal seam is vacuumized, so that the pressure in the test specimen case reaches 1 * 10
2Pa; Open the gas gas cylinder after one hour and inflate, the blowing pressure is 1.2MPa, and inflationtime is 48 hours.
3, gas pumping
Open the drainage tube valve, omnidistance each parameter of detection changes and gas flow changes: first open the 500L/min range flow meter, treat that flow is reduced to 50L/min, close the valve of 500L/min side, open the valve of 50L/min side.This process gas source (gas pot) can be closed, and also can be stable at predetermined output pressure 1.2MPa always.
4, desorption of mash gas
When the gas source was arranged: the closed gas system stopped three-dimensional and loads; Continue firedamp drainage, until in the test specimen case, desorption of mash gas is complete, stop data collecting system, finish test;
During without the gas source: in the test specimen case, desorption of mash gas is discharged and is fully stopped the three-dimensional loading, stops data collecting system, finishes test.
5, complete other tests on the same group
Change simulation adopt dark, extraction length or extraction point wherein one of test parameters, and keep other test parameters constant, as taking over the quantity of 15b or change the 3rd length of taking over 15c by increasing and decreasing second, to change the extraction fragment position, even the center line of another Z-direction depression bar is positioned on virtual 17, as Figure 11, Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13, repeat above-mentioned steps 2-4, complete other testing programs on the same group, with the extraction process evolution rule under the simulation different condition.
In actual condition, work plane the place ahead coal body has different pressure spans, and as shown in figure 14, in Figure 14, the a-quadrant is for unloading nip, and the B zone is area of stress concentration, and the C zone is the virgin stress district, and δ H is the virgin stress district.In the extraction test, can according to the stress rule shown in figure, apply different load to the first Z-direction depression bar 2a, the second Z-direction depression bar 2b, the 3rd Z-direction depression bar 2c and the 4th Z-direction depression bar 2d, to simulate different stress areas.As shown in Table 1, the first Z-direction depression bar 2a is used for simulation and unloads nip, and the second Z-direction depression bar 2b is used for the simulation area of stress concentration, and the 3rd Z-direction depression bar 2c and the 4th Z-direction depression bar 2d are for simulation virgin stress district.
Table one: extraction simulated test scheme
In other testing programs, also can carry out the test of different gas pressures and different water cut, simulating more really actual condition, thereby draw extraction rule more accurately.
In other testing programs, the 3rd takes over 15c also can adopt II type basic structure, by adjusting the position of virtual 17, realizing that one or several extraction district 12a is carried out the extraction test, thereby changes extraction length and extraction point.
According to theory of similarity principle, dimensions length ratio (likelihood ratio) is constant, that is:
Wherein, D is working site drainage tube external diameter; D is the outer tube caliber of simulation; H is the drainage holes spacing of working site coal seam thickness or working site; H is the height of test specimen case; C is the likelihood ratio, is constant.
Therefore can according to above formula, calculate as the case may be the outer tube external diameter of test.
In other testing programs, can carry out the extraction test of the different extraction length of same extraction position employing, to study bearing stress influence area size and extraction segment length to the rule that affects of extraction process; Can carry out the extraction test of the difference first seal area 12c position of II type basic structure, changing with research work face concordant hole length affects rule to what the extraction rate changed.
By carrying out above many group testing programs, to the inner gas pressure of extraction Coal During layer and temperature Real-Time Monitoring, in conjunction with the gas flow situation of change, the data of computer acquisition are carried out graphical treatment by software, thereby can inquire into the temporal and spatial evolution of gas pressure and temperature in coal bed gas extraction process, research is the affect rule of different stressed zone territory on extraction efficient during extraction, and the coal seam seepage flow network when building different extractions position.
Simultaneously, reaction frame and frame in disclosed many colliery dynamic disaster large scale mock up test systems that are coupled of above-mentioned pilot system and cn102621232A are used in conjunction with, can design a plurality of extraction modeling schemes, to complete multiple seam unitized production Coal During layer gas extraction simulated test.Enumerated some optional testing programs in table two, wherein testing program 1,2,3,4 forms one group of simulated test, and scheme 3,6,7,8 forms one group of simulated test.In the cited test parameters of table one, simulation is adopted between dark and gas pressure has corresponding relation, can obtain by conventionally calculation.
Each test procedure of organizing simulated test is as follows:
1, early-stage preparations
Then 1a) the property of water-bearing of test coal sample used is added certain water according to the coal sample quality and is made predetermined moisture content, and this simulates the coal seam moisture content is 5%; Test specimen is made the multiple seam test specimen, as shown in figure 15, from top to bottom, be followed successively by mantlerock 42, upper coal seam 43, lower rock stratum 44 and lower coal seam 45, simultaneously, lay oil pressure bag 40 in lower coal seam; Upper coal seam is used for the simulation protected seam, and lower coal seam is used for the simulation topping;
1b) cover plate is installed the sealed test piece case, and connects sensor and be wired to computer; As shown in figure 16, test specimen case middle part with each Y-direction depression bar 4 over against sensor connector be replaced by the second joint 34, the second joint 34 is inboard is connected with rubber hose coupling 35 for each, rubber hose coupling 35 is connected with side direction adapter 36, side direction is taken on 36 and is densely covered with a plurality of side direction drainage holes 36a, as shown in figure 17;
1c) connect successively the 3rd baroceptor 37, the 4th valve 38 and the 3rd gas flow meter 39 in the outer end of each the second joint 34, as shown in figure 18; 27 places connect baroceptor 31, fine tuning valve 32 and gas gas cylinder 33 successively at interior plug, wherein the length of pipe between interior plug 27 and baroceptor 31 is less than 0.2m, length of pipe between baroceptor 31 and fine tuning valve 32 is not less than 3m, and the length of pipe between fine tuning valve 32 and gas gas cylinder 33 is less than 0.5m; Each oil pressure bag is connected to its external control piper.
2, gas adsorption
Close each valve with seal case, the log-on data acquisition system, then start the three-dimensional stress loading system, apply predetermined stress level, adopt deeply with simulation, as shown in table two scheme 1, the power of each Y-direction depression bar 4 is 3.6MPa, the power of X-direction depression bar 6 is 1.2MPa, and the power of each Z-direction depression bar is 3.1MPa, adopts with simulation 1100m and deeply adopts deeply; Open vacuum pump the coal seam is vacuumized, so that the pressure in the test specimen case reaches 1 * 10
2Pa; Open the gas gas cylinder after one hour and inflate, the blowing pressure is 1.2MPa, and inflationtime is 48 hours.
3, gas pumping
Open simultaneously 4 the 4th valves, the gas flow that detects the inner gas pressure in coal seam and STRESS VARIATION and each extraction point changes, after stability of flow, take 1.44h as the interval emptying each oil pressure bag one by one from front to back, until all oil pressure bags emptying till, in the simulation actual condition, the exploitation rate of coal seam 1m/ days; The variation of gas pressure, stress of coal seam and each extraction point flow in the upper coal seam of uninterrupted monitoring and lower coal seam in this course; In this process, gas source pressure is stable at this predetermined output pressure of 1.2MPa always.Extraction until last oil pressure bag emptying after, 4 the 3rd gas flow meter 39 flows are all basicly stable.
4, experiment finishes
The closed gas system stops three-dimensional and loads; Continue to open the methane gas extraction pipeline firedamp drainage, until in casing, the coal bed gas desorb is complete, stop data collecting system, finish experiment;
5, change simulation adopt dark or model face propulsion speed wherein one of test parameters, and keep other test parameters constant, repeat above step 2-4.
Table two: adopt the dynamic simulated testing program
In table two, each testing program is all carried out extraction in the zone corresponding with each Y-direction depression bar, in other testing programs, also can design more extraction point, to improve test accuracy.
In table two, 1m/ days, 2m/ days, 3m/ days, a 4m/ days fltting speed correspond respectively to every 1.44h (86.4min), 0.72h (43.2min), the emptying oil pressure bag of 0.48h (28.8min), 0.36h (21.6min).
By carrying out above many group testing programs; Real-Time Monitoring to the inner gas pressure of extraction Coal During layer and stress of coal seam; in conjunction with the gas flow situation of change; thereby inquire in multiple seam unitized production process; the dynamic dynamic evolution rule of protected seam extraction; research protected seam variation of stress, Gas-Flow to extraction efficiency change rule, build the coal seam seepage flow network of protected seam extraction in mining active process.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art need not creative work and just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art all should be in the determined protection domain by claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (4)
1. more than one kind coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment pipe, is characterized in that: comprise outer tube (12); The back-end closure of described outer tube (12), front opening; Be provided with the position extraction outskirt (12a) corresponding with each Z-direction depression bar of test specimen case on described outer tube (12); Be provided with hole (14a) outside some extractions on described extraction outskirt (12a);
Be provided with inner tube (15) in described outer tube (12); Described inner tube (15) comprises that first takes over (15a) and the 3rd adapter (15c), and optionally one or more second adapter (15b); Described first takes over (15a), the second adapter (15b) and the 3rd adapter (15c) can be threaded front and back successively, and connecting thread has interchangeability; Described first take over that (15a), second take over (15b) and the 3rd adapter (15c) be provided with sealing ring (8f) in conjunction with the end; Described first takes over (15a) and second takes over the external diameter of (15b) less than the internal diameter of described outer tube (12);
The described first front portion of taking over (15a) is provided with defining flange (15a1); Described first takes over (15a) is provided with screw thread at front end (15a2) cylindrical of described defining flange (15a1);
Described the first adapter (15a) and second is taken over (15b) and is provided with vertically through hole; The described the 3rd takes over the blind hole that (15c) is provided with the front opening back-end closure vertically;
The described the 3rd takes over (15c) is provided with extraction inner region (15c1); The two ends, front and back end of described extraction inner region (15c1) are respectively arranged with the first extraction flange (15c2) and the second extraction flange (15c3); Described the second extraction flange (15c3) coordinates with described outer tube (12), and and described outer tube (12) between be provided with the 4th sealing ring (8d); Be provided with first seal area (12c) corresponding with described the second extraction flange (15c3) on described extraction outskirt (12a);
The external diameter of described extraction inner region (15c1) is less than the diameter of described outer tube (12); Described extraction inner region (15c1) is evenly equipped with a plurality of extraction endoporus (14b) along circumferential and axial;
The center line of described Z-direction depression bar can be positioned at described the first extraction flange (15c2) and the second extraction flange (15c3) opposing end surface equidistant virtual (17) on.
2. many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment pipes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first extraction flange (15c2) coordinates with described outer tube (12), and and described outer tube (12) between be provided with the 5th sealing ring (8e); Be provided with second seal area (12b) corresponding with described the first extraction flange (15c2) on described extraction outskirt (12a).
3. many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment pipes as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the aperture in described extraction outer hole (14a) is greater than the aperture of described extraction endoporus (14b); The distribution density in the outer hole (14a) of described extraction is greater than the distribution density of described extraction endoporus (14b); In described extraction outskirt (12), outside the first seal area (12c) and the second seal area (12b), the first axial hole heart distance between each described extraction outer hole (14a) is not less than 5mm; The second axial hole heart distance between each described extraction endoporus (14b) is the twice of described the first axial hole heart distance.
4. many coupling coal-bed gas exploitation physical simulation experiment pipes as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the extraction outskirt (12a) of described outer tube (12) is evenly equipped with 18 described extractions outer holes (14a) in a circumferential direction; The described the 3rd extraction inner region (15c1) of taking over (15c) is evenly equipped with 4 described extraction endoporus (14b) in a circumferential direction; The aperture in the outer hole (14a) of described extraction is not more than 1.5mm; The aperture of described extraction endoporus (14b) is not less than 2mm; Described the first axial hole heart distance is 5mm; Described the second axial hole heart distance is 10mm.
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| CN112748016A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Large three-dimensional detachable drilling chip analog simulation experiment device |
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| CN110308261B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal bed heating and CO injection2Collaborative reinforcement gas extraction simulation test method |
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| CN110700794B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-10-22 | 太原理工大学 | Multi-branch horizontal well coal seam gas extraction physical simulation experiment system |
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