CN103086700A - Preparation method of nano oxide ceramic hollow sphere used for thermal spraying - Google Patents
Preparation method of nano oxide ceramic hollow sphere used for thermal spraying Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a nano oxide ceramic hollow sphere used for thermal spraying. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the steps of preparing an oxide ceramic suspension, carrying out centrifugal spray granulation on the suspension, sieving and grading after granulation and carrying out heat treatment. Grain size of the prepared hollow sphere is 10-150mu m, flow velocity is 25-50s/50g, apparent density is 1.65-2.25g/cm<3>, and hollowness is 80-90%, so that the prepared hollow sphere can meet preparation requirements of plasma thermal spraying on a high temperature thermal barrier coating, a wear-resisting coating and a corrosion-resisting coating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nano-oxide ceramic hollow ball of used for hot spraying, belong to the ceramic hollow ball field.
Background technology
In order to keep sustainable economic development, to reduce resource consumption, after entering 21 century, China begins to build recycling economy, builds a conservation-minded society, proposed about building " 4R " development principle (Reduce minimizing of China's recycling economy, the Reuse recycling, Recycle recirculation, Remanufacture makes again).Wherein making is part most active in recycling economy again, and hot-spraying techniques is again very important technology in the manufacturing field.It can prepare the several functions coatings such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, heat insulation, conduction, insulation, anti-attrition, lubricated, radioprotective, is widely used in modern industry, and has obtained significant Social benefit and economic benefit.
Thermal spraying material is the important foundation of hot-spraying techniques, and it and hot-spraying techniques, thermal spraying apparatus have consisted of the main body of hot-spraying techniques jointly.According to statistics, the use consumption of thermal spraying material accounts for more than 70% of thermospray consumptive material integral body, and therefore, exploitation, research have more functional thermal spraying material and has necessity.
Oxide compound and compound oxidate ceramic material are the important compositions of thermal spraying material, usually because it has that hardness is high, fusing point is high, thermostability and the good characteristics of chemical stability, can effectively improve wear-resistant, high temperature resistant, the heat shock resistance of body material, the performance such as corrosion-resistant with making coatings.The attribute of stupalith itself is an important factor that affects ceramic coating performance; can say that also it is the basis that determines the coating function; the hot-spraying techniques characteristics of oxide ceramic material maximum; directly to spray in atmospheric environment; do not need vacuum or other protective atmospheres; this is in device fabrication, transformation, and spraying the aspects such as workplace designs and reduces costs has very large benefit.Therefore, oxide ceramics becomes the ceramic spraying material that hot-spraying techniques is most widely used, consumption is maximum.
Commercial oxide-based ceramic powder mostly is irregular multiple edge body or inhomogeneous solid sphere shape, during plasma spraying, the particle center reaches the fewer of thawing or soft state, not only cause the powder deposition rate low, and coating is in conjunction with weak effect, the formed open space of overlap joint and penetrability cavity are contained between more not melt granules thing and particle in inside, easily cause the tack coat oxidation deactivation under high temperature, the reliability of coating and work-ing life reduce.By contrast, the hollow ball shape oxide ceramic powder is because having special spherical and hollow structure, good fluidity not only, and in plasma flame, particle solvation characteristic is good, the powder deposition rate is high, and the simultaneously trickle disperse of coating internal porosity and mostly be closed is good with the outside air isolation effect, significantly reduce the oxidation of tack coat and the thermal conductivity of coating, and had thermal shock resistance preferably.Therefore adopt the spraying coating process of hollow ball shape oxide ceramic powder and optimization can obviously improve the anti-inefficacy ability of coating, significantly improve the work-ing life of coating.
The conventional method for preparing the oxide ceramics hollow ball generally has polymerization powder process method, meltblown method, plasma spheroidization method, template etc.And the shortcoming of meltblown method is, the granularity of gained hollow ball be difficult to obtain the more oxide hollow sphere of small grain size, and the production energy consumption of meltblown method is high generally at 0.2～5mm, is not suitable for the scale suitability for industrialized production; Although the shortcomings such as the plasma spheroidization method can obtain the hollow ball of spheroid densification, good fluidity, and the equipment front-end investment is large, production energy consumption is excessive, yield poorly are difficult to realize suitability for industrialized production; The hollow ball that template obtains has the uniform spheroid of hollowness, but spheroid compactness is poor, and chemical technology is too complicated, and environment is had certain contaminative, is not suitable for equally suitability for industrialized production.
It is reported, the described method of application number 03819421.X is that plasma spheroidization prepares ceramic powder, with the hollow ceramic microballoon of the ceramic particle after spraying drying with the densification of plasma body clinkering globulate, but described method energy consumption is high, and high cost, product are few, therefore do not obtain large-area marketing; And for example the patent No. is that the 200810047192.6 described methods of China Geological Univ. Wuhan and patent of the present invention belong to spray granulation together, but prepared ceramic powder is full particle, rather than the made ceramic powder of the present invention is tiny balloon.
Accordingly, the inventor intends providing a kind of preparation method of the nano-oxide ceramic hollow ball for thermospray, thereby is guided out design of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the nano-oxide ceramic hollow ball for thermospray, the invention provides a kind of low cost, green non-pollution, output is large, sphericity, mobility excellence, the preparation method of the oxide hollow sphere that compactness is good, the hollow ball of preparation is specially adapted to thermospray.
By method provided by the invention, for the preparation of the nano-oxide ceramic hollow ball step of thermospray be:
1, the preparation of oxide-based ceramic suspension liquid: take oxide ceramic powder as the suspension raw material, add quality and be 0.002～5% dispersion agent of oxide-based ceramic powder, 0.002～5% suspension agent, 0.002～4% tackiness agent, 0.001～2% whipping agent, and ball milling 2～20h after mixing with deionized water;
2, the suspension that above-mentioned steps 1 is obtained carries out centrifugal mist projection granulating;
3, the oxide ceramics pelletizing that obtains in above-mentioned steps 2 was carried out screen sizing;
4, the oxide hollow sphere that obtains after granulation is heat-treated, obtain can be used for the nano-oxide class ceramic hollow ball that thermospray is used.
Described oxide ceramics is a kind of in nanometer stable form zirconium white, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or chromic oxide, two kinds or two or more mixture, purity is greater than 99.9%, nanocrystal≤50nm, secondary agglomeration micropowder after ball milling≤2 μ m, the ratio of oxide ceramics and deionized water is 1:1～5.
Described dispersion agent is one or more mixtures in polyoxyethylene glycol (molecular weight is 200～2000), tween 80 or citric acid; Tackiness agent is one or more mixtures in PVA, PVC, polystyrene or polyacrylamide; Suspension agent is a kind of in carboxymethyl cellulose and Si Ban 80 or their mixture, and whipping agent is any one or more mixtures in Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, propyl carbinol and dehydrated alcohol.
Described granulation feeding style is the pressure type feeding, and the inlet temperature 200-400 of described centrifugal atomizing granulating technology ° of C(spraying equipment is that Yixing one one step spray-drying factory makes), temperature out is at 100～250 ℃.
Described pelletizing uses vibratory screening apparatus classification (Shanghai still screen mechanical Manufacturing Co., Ltd), gets the powder that sieves between 150～300 mesh sieves, and all the other Powder Recovery are ball milling again;
Hollow ball oxide compound thermal treatment after described granulation is carried out in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus (the permanent space electric furnace factory in Luoyang is made), initial thermal treatment temp is 400～600 ℃, constant temperature 1～3h, temperature rise rate is 1.5～6 ℃/min, and then high-temperature heat treatment, high-temperature heat treatment (sintering) temperature is 1200～1600 ℃, constant temperature 2～5h.
The preparation method of used for hot spraying oxide ceramics hollow ball provided by the invention, the hollow ball particle diameter of preparation is between 10～150 μ m, flow velocity is that 25～50s/50g(adopts standard funnel method (Hall flowmeter) to measure the mobility of powder, its test philosophy is to represent the mobility of powder with the needed time of standard funnel that the 50g flow of powder is crossed predetermined hole diameter, unit is s/50g), loose density is 1.65～2.25g/cm
3, hollowness is about 80～90%, can satisfy the adjusting to hollow ball spheroid size, and the control of loose density height can be widely used in plasma thermal sprayed to the preparation of high-temp heat barrier coating, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant finishes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the prepared stable ZrO of 7%wt yttrium of embodiment 1
2The SEM figure of hollow ball.
Fig. 2 is the prepared stable ZrO of 7.5%wt yttrium of embodiment 2
2The SEM figure of hollow ball.
Fig. 3 is the prepared stable ZrO of 7.5%wt yttrium of embodiment 2
2The SEM figure of hollow ball.
Fig. 4 is the prepared Al of embodiment 5
2O
3-13%TiO
2SEM figure.
Fig. 5 is the prepared stable ZrO of 13.5%wt yttrium of embodiment 6
2The SEM figure of hollow ball.
Fig. 6 is the prepared stable ZrO of 13.5%wt yttrium of embodiment 6
2The SEM figure of hollow ball.
Embodiment
Below by the description of specific embodiment, further to illustrate substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progressive.But the present invention only is confined to by no means embodiment.
Embodiment 1.
Get 7%wt yttrium stable zirconium oxide 1000g, polystyrene 140g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 135g, the 48g of class of department, pure water 3852g, citric acid 16g is prepared into suspension, is added to the ball mill ball milling, ball milling 4h.Suspension after ball milling is put to liquid material bucket cup, regulated 280 ℃ of liquid material inlet temperatures, 120 ℃ of temperature outs are inputted spraying gun by pressure pump with liquid material, enter the granulation that atomizes of high speed centrifugation shower nozzle.After collecting granules, carry out the vibratory screening apparatus classification, filter substandard product.Regulate the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus temperature, the hollow ball pelletizing is carried out pyroprocessing, first at 350 degree constant temperature 2h, make the decomposition of organic additive in powder and the abundant discharge of moisture, temperature rise rate is 3 ° of C/min, and carries out high-temperature calcination at 1450 ° of C, at this temperature insulation 3h.
Gained hollow ball granularity is at 30～120 μ m, flow velocity 34s/50g, loose density 2.13g/cm
3(as shown in Figure 1)
Embodiment 2:
Get 7.5%wt yttrium stable zirconium oxide 900g, PVA110g and PVC16g are mixed into tackiness agent, propyl carbinol 160g, and carboxymethyl cellulose 32g, pure water 1667g, polyoxyethylene glycol (400) 40g is prepared into suspension, is added to the ball mill ball milling, ball milling 4h.Suspension after ball milling is put to liquid material bucket cup, regulated 250 ℃ of liquid material inlet temperatures, 180 ℃ of temperature outs are inputted spraying gun by pressure pump with liquid material, enter the granulation that atomizes of high speed centrifugation shower nozzle.After collecting granules, carry out the vibratory screening apparatus classification, filter substandard product.Regulate the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus temperature, the hollow ball pelletizing is carried out pyroprocessing, first at 500 ℃ of constant temperature 1.5h, make the decomposition of organic additive in powder and the abundant discharge of moisture, it is 6 ° of C/min that temperature rise rate is arranged, and carries out high-temperature calcination at 1520 ° of C, at this temperature insulation 1h.
Gained hollow ball granularity is at 15～80 μ m, flow velocity 41s/50g, loose density 1.89g/cm
3(Fig. 2,3)
Embodiment 3:
Get aluminum oxide 1000g, polyacrylamide 133g, dehydrated alcohol 160g and Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 20g are mixed into whipping agent, carboxymethyl cellulose 56g, pure water 2554g, tween 80 36g is prepared into suspension, is added to the ball mill ball milling, ball milling 4h.Suspension after ball milling is put to liquid material bucket cup, regulated 350 ℃ of liquid material inlet temperatures, 150 ℃ of temperature outs are inputted spraying gun by pressure pump with liquid material, enter the granulation that atomizes of high speed centrifugation shower nozzle.After collecting granules, carry out the vibratory screening apparatus classification, filter substandard product.Regulate the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus temperature, the hollow ball pelletizing is carried out pyroprocessing, first at 500 ℃ of constant temperature 1.5h, make the decomposition of organic additive in powder and the abundant discharge of moisture, temperature rise rate is 5 ° of C/min, and carries out high-temperature calcination at 1230 ° of C, at this temperature insulation 3h.
Gained hollow ball granularity is at 30～100 μ m, flow velocity 45s/50g, loose density 1.68g/cm
3
Embodiment 4:
Get aluminum oxide 1100g, titanium oxide 164.37g is mixed into Al
2O
3-13%TiO
2The hybrid ceramic powder, PVA133g, PVC30.6g, dehydrated alcohol 30g, the 26g of department class, pure water 1154g, polyoxyethylene glycol (polymerization degree is 2000) 5.6g is prepared into suspension, is added to the ball mill ball milling, ball milling 4h.Suspension after ball milling is put to liquid material bucket cup, regulated 300 ℃ of liquid material inlet temperatures, 160 ℃ of temperature outs are inputted spraying gun by pressure pump with liquid material, enter the granulation that atomizes of high speed centrifugation shower nozzle.After collecting granules, carry out the vibratory screening apparatus classification, filter substandard product.Regulate the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus temperature, the hollow ball pelletizing is carried out pyroprocessing, first at 480 ℃ of constant temperature 1h, temperature rise rate is 3.5 ° of C/min, make the decomposition of organic additive in powder and the abundant discharge of moisture, and carry out high-temperature calcination at 1350 ° of C, at this temperature insulation 5h.(Fig. 4)
Gained hollow ball granularity is at 15～60 μ m, flow velocity 42s/50g, loose density 1.94g/cm
3
Embodiment 5:
Get 13.5%wt yttrium stable zirconium oxide 1240g, PVA198g, dehydrated alcohol 68g, the 15g of class of department, pure water 1452g, polyoxyethylene glycol (4000) 40g is prepared into suspension, is added to the ball mill ball milling, ball milling 4h.Suspension after ball milling is put to liquid material bucket cup, regulated 240 ℃ of liquid material inlet temperatures, 130 ℃ of temperature outs are inputted spraying gun by pressure pump with liquid material, enter the granulation that atomizes of high speed centrifugation shower nozzle.After collecting granules, carry out the vibratory screening apparatus classification, filter substandard product.Regulate the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus temperature, the hollow ball pelletizing is carried out pyroprocessing, first exist, 550 ℃ of constant temperature 2h, temperature rise rate are 2.7 ° of C/min, make the decomposition of organic additive in powder and the abundant discharge of moisture, and carry out high-temperature calcination at 1530 ° of C, at this temperature insulation 1h.(Fig. 5, Fig. 6)
Prepared hollow ball granularity is at 20～85 μ m, and flow velocity is 34s/50g, loose density 2.23g/cm
3
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a used for hot spraying nano-oxide ceramic hollow ball, comprise the steps:
A) preparation of oxide ceramics suspension: take oxide ceramics as the suspension raw material, add quality and be 0.002～5% dispersion agent of oxide-based ceramic powder quality, 0.002～5% suspension agent, 0.002～4% tackiness agent, 0.001～2% whipping agent, ball milling 2～20h after mixing with deionized water;
B) suspension that above-mentioned steps a) is obtained carries out centrifugal mist projection granulating;
C) to above-mentioned steps b) in the oxide ceramics pelletizing that obtains carried out screen sizing;
D) oxide hollow sphere that obtains after granulation is heat-treated, obtain to be used for the nano-oxide class ceramic hollow ball that thermospray is used.
2. the preparation method described according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described nano-oxide pottery of step a) is a kind of, two or more mixture in stable form zirconium white, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or chromic oxide, purity is greater than 99.9%, nanocrystal≤50nm, secondary agglomeration micropowder after ball milling≤2 μ m, the ratio of oxide-based pottery and deionized water is 1:1～5.
3. the preparation method described according to claim 1 is characterized in that dispersion agent is that molecular weight is one of 200～2000 polyoxyethylene glycol, tween 80, citric acid or two or more mixture.
4. the preparation method described according to claim 1, is characterized in that suspension agent is a kind of in carboxymethyl cellulose, class 80 of department or their mixture.
5. the preparation method described according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
1. tackiness agent is one of PVA, PVC, polystyrene, polyacrylamide or two or more mixture;
2. whipping agent is any one or two or more mixture in Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, propyl carbinol and dehydrated alcohol.
6. the preparation method described according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step b) that 1. described granulation feeding style is the pressure type feeding, the 2. inlet temperature 200-400 of described mist projection granulating ° C, and temperature out is at 100～200 ℃.
7. the preparation method described according to claim 1, is characterized in that the described pelletizing of step c) uses the vibratory screening apparatus classification, gets the powder that sieves between 150～300 mesh sieves, and all the other Powder Recovery are ball milling again.
8. the preparation method described according to claim 1, the initial thermal treatment temp that it is characterized in that the hollow ball oxide compound after the described granulation of step d) is 400～600 ℃, and constant temperature 1～3h, temperature rise rate are 1.5～6 ℃/min, the high temperature sintering temperature is 1200～1600 ℃, constant temperature 2～5h.
9. the described preparation method of any one according to claim 1-8, the hollow ball particle diameter that it is characterized in that preparing is between 10-150 μ m, and it is 20-50s/50g that Hall flowmeter records flow velocity.
10. method according to claim 9, the hollow ball loose density that it is characterized in that gained is 1.65-2.25g/cm
2, hollowness is 80-90%.
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| CN103305784A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical spinel powder for thermal spraying |
| CN103449816A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-12-18 | 常州市卓群纳米新材料有限公司 | Plasma-etching-resistant granulated yttrium oxide for hot spraying and preparation method thereof |
| CN104624189A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Magnetic titanium dioxide compound hollow microsphere and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112125693A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 北京赛亿科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hollow zirconia powder for thermal barrier coating |
| CN112299827A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-02 | 先导薄膜材料（广东）有限公司 | Granulating method of ceramic oxide recovery powder |
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| CN103305784A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical spinel powder for thermal spraying |
| CN103449816A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-12-18 | 常州市卓群纳米新材料有限公司 | Plasma-etching-resistant granulated yttrium oxide for hot spraying and preparation method thereof |
| CN103449816B (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-11 | 施丽萍 | Plasma-etching-resistant granulated yttrium oxide for hot spraying and preparation method thereof |
| CN104624189A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Magnetic titanium dioxide compound hollow microsphere and preparation method thereof |
| CN109440051A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-08 | 陈涛 | A kind of alumina ceramic coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109437892A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-08 | 陈涛 | A kind of zirconia ceramics coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109482453A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 陈涛 | A kind of liquid ceramic spraying preparation method of automobile case |
| CN111662578B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-06-15 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Preparation process of spherical chromium oxide composite agglomerated powder and product prepared by preparation process |
| CN111662578A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-09-15 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Preparation process of spherical chromium oxide composite agglomerated powder and product prepared by preparation process |
| CN112125693A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 北京赛亿科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hollow zirconia powder for thermal barrier coating |
| CN112299827A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-02 | 先导薄膜材料（广东）有限公司 | Granulating method of ceramic oxide recovery powder |
| CN113372115A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation of tantalate (Y/Al/RE) by centrifugal spray granulation method3TaO7Method for preparing hollow sphere powder |
| CN114959680A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北理工学院 | Thermal barrier coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114959680B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-11-14 | 湖北理工学院 | Thermal barrier coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114163247A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Preparation method of ceramic-based powder containing closed-through hole structure and used for multi-element modified phase loading |
| CN114149260A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-08 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Low-thermal-conductivity high-entropy ceramic thermal barrier coating material |
| CN114149260B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-01-03 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Low-thermal-conductivity high-entropy ceramic thermal barrier coating material |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |