CN102786921A - Low-density oil fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-density oil fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-density oil fracturing propping agent. The low-density oil fracturing propping agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 90 parts of bauxite, 5 to 30 parts of clay and 1 to 30 parts of auxiliary additive, wherein the mass percentage of Al2O3 in the bauxite is 30 to 75 percent. The oil fracturing propping agent is prepared by blending the bauxite, the clay and the auxiliary additive in special proportion, and performing a pulverizing process, a pelletizing process and a sintering process on the mixture. Detection on the propping agent shows that the propping agent has the characteristics of wide raw material resource, low production cost and the like; the yield and mass of powder are improved, and the production cost is reduced; and the problems of large fracturing and propping volume density and visual density, large abrasion of fracturing to equipment, high construction cost and the like in exploitation of shale oil and shale gas, and shallow shaft fracturing construction of an oil well and a natural gas well in the prior art are solved. A preparation method of the low-density oil fracturing propping agent is simple in process, easy to operate and very suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material science, be used for oil and natural gas well shallow well pressure break, the petroleum fracturing propping agent that the novel hydropower fracturing technology of shale oil and shale gas exploitation is used particularly relates to a kind of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Petroleum fracturing propping agent is to make depths, stratum rock fracture keep the upholder of the state that splits, and its role is to two walls of supporting crack, so that after stopping the pump notes, the crack of when bottomhole wellbore pressure drops to less than locking pressure, leading to the oil gas well still keeps opening.Inject the penetrating power that fracturing propping agents can not only improve hydrocarbon zone in the oil gas well, increase oil and gas production, and can prolong oil gas well working life.
The petroleum fracturing propping agent that the petroleum fracturing propping agent manufacturing enterprise of China produces according to China National Petroleum industry standard SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test " by volume density and volume density be divided into low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, middle density petroleum fracturing propping agent and three series of high-density petroleum fracturing propping agent, wherein the volume density of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent is greater than 1.60g/cm
3, volume density 2.90-3.00g/cm
3
Shale oil and shale gas are meant that main body is arranged in dark-coloured mud shale or high-carbon mud shale, are the gathering of the Sweet natural gas or the oil of main existing way with absorption or unbound state.The production technique of shale oil gas mainly contains horizontal well multistage fracturing technique, riverfrac treatment technology, multiple fracturing technique and synchronous fracturing technique, and these new fracturing technique have proposed new requirement for petroleum fracturing propping agent.The low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of stipulating in the China National Petroleum industry standard can't satisfy the exploitation of shale oil gas.In the operation of shale oil gas well fracturing, optimal petroleum fracturing propping agent need satisfy: (1) circularity sphericity is high, can improve the flow conductivity of oil gas greatly, improves oil and gas production; (2) ultimate compression strength is high, can guarantee to support corresponding stratum, guarantees the unimpeded of pressure break passage; (3) volume density is little, and of the fracturing fluid carrying capacity is good, is convenient to horizontal pressure break, reduces the energy consumption and the loss of equipment simultaneously greatly; (4) chemicalstability is good, can resist the corrosion of oil, acid, salt, water under the stratum.
Application number is the method for manufacture that 200910102878.5 Chinese patent document discloses a kind of low-density ceramic proppant, and its technical scheme is to contain kaolin 62%-76% and Al
2O
3Content is that 80%-85% bauxitic clay 17%-30% is a main raw material, is that auxiliary material is configured with Manganse Dioxide 1%-6% and Natural manganese dioxide 0.5%-2%, and is levigate to 400 orders, adds the water balling-up, and behind 1310 ℃ of-1330 ℃ of sintering, cooling and screening form in rotary kiln.This scheme is the balling-up difficulty at first, and product circularity and sphericity are poor, have a strong impact on flow conductivity.Secondly because main raw material adopts kaolin and Al
2O
3Content is the 80%-85% bauxitic clay, so product cost is high.Application number is that 200910172662.6 Chinese patent document discloses a kind of low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof; Its technical scheme is to be main raw material with porcelain stone 45%-60% and bauxite 30%-45%, adds clay 3%-10%, talcum powder 1%-4% and precipitated barium carbonate 2%-8%; The process grinding is to 325 orders; With the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution mist projection granulating of 1%-3%, behind 1280 ℃ of-1350 ℃ of sintering, cooling and screening form in rotary kiln in the balling-up pot.The volume density of this invention product is 1.62g/cm
3, volume density 2.86g/cm
3, can't reach the needs of shale oil-gas mining.Application number is that 201010136972.5 Chinese patent document discloses low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof, and its technical scheme is to be inner core with bauxitic clay and coal gangue, is shell with bauxitic clay and trimanganese tetroxide, and the balling-up sintering obtains.This invention only is the sintering that carries out at the laboratory using retort furnace, can't carry out suitability for industrialized production, and the anti-breaking capacity of product is poor.Application number is that 201010160351.0 Chinese patent document discloses low-density high-strength ceramic granule propping agent and preparation method thereof; Its technical scheme is to mix by the weight ratio of 40-60: 30-55: 4-12: 1-3 with industrial starch with light-burned bauxitic clay, flint clay, triphane particle; Again with compound: grinding medium: the weight ratio blending agent of water=1: 1.5-2.5: 0.6-1, water; In ball mill wet-milling 20-30 hour, the spray-dried gained powder of abrasive slurry changed granulation in the disk pelletizing machine over to, and the particle after the screening is sent in the rotary kiln and fired; Firing temperature 1350-1450 ℃, be incubated 1.5-2.5 hour.The prices of raw and semifnished materials that this scheme adopts are high, and sintering temperature is very high to cause the too high and quality product of production cost to guarantee.Since adopted in the ball mill wet-milling 20-30 hour, the spray-dried required powder of balling-up of processing of abrasive slurry, and whole pulverizing process energy consumption is high, and the powder of processing also can't satisfy the needs of balling-up.Application number is that 201110423348.8 Chinese patent document discloses low-density ceramic proppant and preparation method thereof; Its technical scheme is to be raw material with bauxite, clay, potassium felspar sand, quartz, Wingdale and rhombspar, fires 0.5-1.5h 1320 ℃ of-1380 ℃ of temperature and processes.The volume density of this invention product is 1.56-1.59g/cm
3, volume density 2.78-2.84g/cm
3, percentage of damage is 4.8-5.5% during locking pressure 52Mpa, can't reach the needs of shale oil-gas mining.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof is provided, its low production cost, the quality of product and production efficiency are high, and the volume density and the volume density of product are little, to overcome the deficiency of prior art.
The present invention is achieved in that the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculates by weight, comprises 40～90 parts of bauxitic clays, 1～30 part of 5～30 parts of clays and supplementary additive; Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 30～75%.
Described bauxitic clay is without one or more the mixing in incinerating cast alumin(i)um alumina, the light-burned bauxitic clay of part incinerating or the sintered bauxite.
Described supplementary additive is one or more mixing in manganese oxide, red stone, calcination aluminum oxide, Natural manganese dioxide, feldspar, talcum, Wingdale, kaolin or the quartz.
The preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders; With the material of precomminution mix, ball milling, classification, humidification or drench whole operations or the combination of several operations wherein in the powder operation, prepare the powder that can supply balling-up; This powder is added in the nodulizer,, make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again through spraying atomized water and alternately adding the powder rolling balling that flouring technology obtains; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, and firing time 1～3 hour obtains finished product at last after overcooling and screening; The volume density of finished product is 1.40～1.60g/cm
3, volume density is 2.60～2.80g/cm
3
Earlier 5～50% of the powder that makes is added nodulizer and process mother bulb, from nodulizer, take out the mother bulb of processing subsequent use again; In nodulizer, add mother bulb during balling-up, and add remaining powder, and spray atomized water, the continuous rolling balling-up makes circularity and sphericity and reaches the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtains the work in-process blastocyte again.
The described powder that can supply balling-up for preparing is crossed 400 mesh screen residues and is not more than 20%.Can select the standard sieve of different meshes according to actual needs, tail over to convert in proportion and get final product.
Compared with prior art; The present invention adopts bauxitic clay; After clay and supplementary additive make up according to specific content; Process petroleum fracturing propping agent through flouring technology, balling technique and firing process, this propping agent learns that through detecting its crystalline phase is formed and comprised mullite (CAS 1302-93-8) 60～85%, amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9) 5～35% and cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1) 0～20%; Volume density 1.40～the 1.60g/cm of product
3, volume density 2.60～2.80g/cm
3, percentage of damage when locking pressure is 7500Psi≤5.0%.The present invention utilizes Al
2O
3Mass percentage content be 30～75% bauxitic clay as main raw material, it is extensive to have raw material sources, characteristics such as production cost is low; Flouring technology is improved, substituted raymond grinding powder powder-grinding technology in the traditional processing technology, improved the output and the quality of powder process, reduced production cost; Adopt improved balling technique to make the quality of balling-up and efficient all improve greatly; The present invention can effectively reduce the petroleum fracturing propping agent production cost; And solve in the exploitation of present shale oil and shale gas; Pressure break support volume density and volume density are big in the oil and natural gas well shallow well pressing crack construction, and pressure break is big to equipment attrition, problems such as executive cost height.Preparing method's technology of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, very suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention 1: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, comprise 50 parts of bauxitic clays, 20 parts of clays, 10 parts of manganese oxide, 10 parts in Natural manganese dioxide, 5 parts of limestone powders, 5 parts of Feldspar Powders; Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 70%.
The preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders; The material of precomminution is mixed in proportion, and mixed material is pulverized in ball mill, and powder is crossed 400 mesh standard sieves, tails over and is not more than 20%; Then through humidification with drench the powder operation, prepare the powder that can supply balling-up; This powder is added in the nodulizer,, make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again through spraying atomized water and alternately adding the powder rolling balling that flouring technology obtains; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, and firing time 1～2 hour obtains finished product at last after overcooling and screening; According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.58g/cm through the volume density that detects finished product
3, volume density is 2.79g/cm
3, percentage of damage 3.51% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 80%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 19%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 1%
Embodiment 2: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, and wherein bauxitic clay is 60 parts, 20 parts of clays, 10 parts of manganese oxide, 3 parts of limestone powders, 7 parts of Feldspar Powders.Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 65%.
The preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders; The material of precomminution is mixed in proportion, and mixed material is pulverized and classification in ball mill, and powder is crossed 400 mesh standard sieves, tails over and is not more than 20%, prepares the powder that can supply balling-up; 25% of the powder that makes is added nodulizer make mother bulb, the mother bulb of processing takes out from nodulizer; In nodulizer, add mother bulb during balling-up, the needs of growing according to blastocyte add remaining powder, and spray atomized water; The continuous rolling balling-up; Make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, and firing time 1～2 hour obtains finished product at last after overcooling and screening; According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.54g/cm through the volume density that detects finished product
3, volume density is 2.75g/cm
3, percentage of damage 3.85% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 76%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 21%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 3%
Embodiment 3: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, and wherein bauxitic clay is 65 parts, 15 parts of clays, 10 parts in Natural manganese dioxide, 5 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of limestone powders.Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 60%.
The preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders; The material of precomminution is mixed in proportion, and mixed material is crossed 400 mesh standard sieves, tails over and is not more than 20%, prepares the powder that can supply balling-up; This powder is added in the nodulizer,, make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again through spraying atomized water and alternately adding the powder rolling balling that flouring technology obtains; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, firing time 2-3 hour, after overcooling and screening, obtains finished product at last; According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.45g/cm through the volume density that detects finished product
3, volume density is 2.65g/cm
3, percentage of damage 6.13% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 65%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 25%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 10%
Embodiment 4: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, and wherein bauxitic clay is 70 parts, 15 parts of clays, 3 parts of red stone, 2 parts in Natural manganese dioxide, 10 parts of silica powders.Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 50%.
The preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders.The material of precomminution is mixed in proportion, and mixed material is pulverized and classification in ball mill, and powder is crossed 400 mesh standard sieves, tails over and is not more than 20%.Then through humidification with drench the powder operation, prepare the powder that can supply balling-up; 50% of the powder that makes is added nodulizer make mother bulb, the mother bulb of processing is taken out from nodulizer; In nodulizer, add mother bulb during balling-up, the needs of growing according to blastocyte add remaining powder, and spray atomized water; The continuous rolling balling-up; Make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, and firing time 1～2 hour obtains finished product at last after overcooling and screening; According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.48g/cm3 through the volume density that detects finished product, volume density is 2.71g/cm3, percentage of damage 4.76% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 73%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 25%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 2%
Embodiment 5: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, and wherein bauxitic clay is 60 parts, 10 parts in calcination aluminum oxide, 15 parts of clays, 6 parts in Natural manganese dioxide, 5 parts of talcum powder, 4 parts of Feldspar Powders.Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 45%.
The preparation method is with instance 1.According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.44g/cm through the volume density that detects finished product
3, volume density is 2.69g/cm
3, percentage of damage 4.63% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 74%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 25%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 1%
Embodiment 6: the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent, calculate by weight, and wherein bauxitic clay is 65 parts, 12 parts in calcination aluminum oxide, 10 parts of clays, 5 parts of manganese oxide, 5 parts in Natural manganese dioxide, 3 parts of kaolin.Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 35%.
The preparation method is with embodiment 2.According to SY/T5108-2007 " method is recommended in fracturing propping agents performance index and test ", be 1.41g/cm through the volume density that detects finished product
3, volume density is 2.62g/cm
3, percentage of damage 5.17% when locking pressure was 7500Psi.
Sieve is got a certain amount of product of the present invention, and through X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline phase of the low density petroleum fracturing propping agent of present embodiment is formed as follows:
Mullite (CAS 1302-93-8): 70%
Amorphous glass phase (CAS 7631-86-9): 28%
Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1): 2%.
Claims (6)
1. a low density petroleum fracturing propping agent is characterized in that: calculate by weight, comprise 40～90 parts of bauxitic clays, 1～30 part of 5～30 parts of clays and supplementary additive; Al in the bauxitic clay
2O
3Mass percent be 30～75%.
2. low density petroleum fracturing propping agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described bauxitic clay is for without one or more the mixing in incinerating cast alumin(i)um alumina, the light-burned bauxitic clay of part incinerating or the sintered bauxite.
3. low density petroleum fracturing propping agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described supplementary additive is one or more mixing in manganese oxide, red stone, calcination aluminum oxide, Natural manganese dioxide, feldspar, talcum, Wingdale, kaolin or the quartz.
4. the preparation method of a low density petroleum fracturing propping agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: with bauxitic clay, clay and supplementary additive carry out precomminution respectively, and precomminution is to more than 325 orders; With the material of precomminution mix, ball milling, classification, humidification or drench whole operations or the combination of several operations wherein in the powder operation, prepare the powder that can supply balling-up; This powder is added in the nodulizer,, make circularity and sphericity and reach the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtain the work in-process blastocyte again through spraying atomized water and alternately adding the powder rolling balling that flouring technology obtains; The work in-process blastocyte is burnt till with rotary kiln, firing temperature is 1250～1360 ℃ again, and firing time 1～3 hour obtains finished product at last after overcooling and screening; The volume density of finished product is 1.40～1.60g/cm
3, volume density is 2.60～2.80g/cm
3
5. the preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent according to claim 4 is characterized in that: earlier 5～50% of the powder that makes is added nodulizer and process mother bulb, from nodulizer, take out the mother bulb of processing subsequent use again; In nodulizer, add mother bulb during balling-up, and add remaining powder, and spray atomized water, the continuous rolling balling-up makes circularity and sphericity and reaches the base ball more than 0.80, through rotary drying machine oven dry, trommel screen screening, obtains the work in-process blastocyte again.
6. the preparation method of low density petroleum fracturing propping agent according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the described powder that can supply balling-up for preparing is crossed 400 mesh standard sieves, tails over and is not more than 20%.
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