CN103086520A - Device and a method for producing biodiesel in a coupling way by treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater - Google Patents
Device and a method for producing biodiesel in a coupling way by treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN103086520A CN103086520A CN2013100253161A CN201310025316A CN103086520A CN 103086520 A CN103086520 A CN 103086520A CN 2013100253161 A CN2013100253161 A CN 2013100253161A CN 201310025316 A CN201310025316 A CN 201310025316A CN 103086520 A CN103086520 A CN 103086520A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for producing biodiesel in a coupling way by treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater by utilizing an optical microbial fuel cell. The optical microbial fuel cell comprises a light-transmitting anode chamber and a light-transmitting cathode chamber, wherein the light-transmitting anode chamber is used for inoculating photosynthetic bacteria; the light-transmitting cathode chamber is used for inoculating microalgae; the light-transmitting anode chamber and the light-transmitting cathode chamber are spaced through a proton exchange membrane; an anode and a cathode are respectively fixed in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; the anode chamber is isolated from air to form an anaerobic environment; anode photosynthetic bacteria metabolize organics contained in the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater to generate protons and electrons; the microalgae inoculated in the cathode chamber absorb anode effluent nitrogen and phosphorus to promote the growth of the microalgae; and microalgae photosynthesis provides sufficient dissolved oxygen as an electron acceptor. The device disclosed by the invention enhances the optical utilization ratio by inoculating photosynthetic microorganisms in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; the photosynthetic bacteria inside the anode chamber can be used for producing mycoprotein; and the microalgae inside the cathode chamber can be used for extracting oil. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good organics, N and P treatment effects, high impact load resistant capacity, high economic benefit, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of waste water treatment.Relate to microbiological fuel cell, the apparatus and method of livestock breeding wastewater are processed in a kind of pair of chamber photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell and less energy-consumption thereof specifically.
Background technology
Livestock-raising has become one of three large sources of water environment pollution, the leaching of livestock and poultry fecaluria is very strong, the leaching amounts such as the nitrogen in fecaluria, phosphorus and water soluble organic substance are very large, if do not dealt carefully with, will enter the Water table polluted underground water by rainwash and diafiltration.On the impact of surface water main manifestations be that, after large amount of organic matter enters water body, organic decomposition will consume the dissolved oxygen in water in a large number, make water body smelly; After dissolved oxygen in water body significantly descends, large amount of organic matter can under anaerobic continue to decompose, and in decomposition, will produce the toxic gases such as methane, hydrogen sulfide, causes the hydrobiont mortality; Nitrogen, phosphorus can make body eutrophication, the result of eutrophication can make in water body nitrate and nitrite concentration too high, if it is poisoning that people and animals' long-term drinking can cause, and the growth of some poisonous algae and amount reproduction can discharge a large amount of toxin in water body, cause the mortality of hydrocoles, thereby seriously destroyed the water ecology balance.
To how processing livestock breeding wastewater, still lack successful experience at present.Traditional saprobia or materilization freatment method can not be for the sewage disposals on pig farm, because to organic and ammonia nitrogen concentration all very high piggery wastewater can't directly with aerobic process, process, even can process with aerobic or anaerobic-aerobic combination process after dilution or pre-treatment, also, because power consumption is large, the high pig farm that makes of cost can't be born at all, say nothing of also will spend with processing the fund that waste water is suitable the excess sludge produced is processed to disposal.Simultaneously, the water outlet N after these biological methods are processed, P content are still very high and do not reach emission standard, and a large amount of discharges will cause eutrophication and the red tide of immediate offshore area, be also a kind of wastings of resources simultaneously.To how processing cost-effectively piggery wastewater, be the problem that current environmental pollution prevention and control is extremely paid close attention to,
In recent years, the technology fast development that livestock breeding wastewater is processed, number of patent application is CN201210184137.8, denomination of invention is utilized position for " utilizing the feces of livestock and poultry primary wastewater to produce the method for micro-algae " has stronger removal ability to reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water outlet to the N in waste water, P and organic matter, biomass have been obtained simultaneously, but for the waste water of supporting algae advanced dilution, by ozonation aerated sterilizing, complex procedures, cost is higher.Number of patent application is CN2008201211891.5, and denomination of invention is that " integrated livestock wastewater biological treatment device " processes livestock breeding wastewater, and device is complicated, long processing period.Thereby need development effectively, simple and method that can the resource utilization livestock breeding wastewater.Yet utilize photosynthetic bacterium and micro-algae to be applied to biofuel cell and process breeding wastewater, produce the research of bacterium algae albumen and bio-oil aspect and also do not see any report in sewage purification.Produce clean electric energy in the time of by the carbon in bacterium algae recovery animal fecaluria water, nitrogen, phosphorus and there is very high economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
1, technical scheme: the device and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, in anode photosynthetic bacterium metabolism livestock breeding wastewater, organism produces electronics and proton, reduce water outlet COD, in the time of the micro-algae absorbed nitrogen of negative electrode phosphorus, photosynthesis provides sufficient dissolved oxygen as electron acceptor(EA), save the mechanical aeration that negative electrode is commonly used, save power consumption; This device, when removing livestock breeding wastewater organism, nitrogen, phosphorus, obtains bacterium algae albumen and biomass and produces electric energy.
2, concrete application method: utilize the optical microbial fuel cell to process the device of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, by anolyte compartment, cathode compartment, anode, negative electrode, barrier film, water-in, water outlet, external circuit, formed, it is characterized in that this device anolyte compartment lower sidewall divides water outlet to be connected with the cathode compartment water-in, device cathode compartment and anolyte compartment adopt light transmissive material to make, anode indoor inoculation photosynthetic bacterium, cathode compartment is inoculated micro-algae.
The described device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, anolyte compartment and cathode compartment adopt toughened glass, synthetic glass, transparent PVC sheet material, transparent PC/PVC sheet material, acrylic plate transparent material to make.
The described device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, adopt red, blue-light source, incandescent light, fluorescent lamp, sunlight light source.
The described device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, the material of the positive and negative utmost point is carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon paper, graphite cake, stainless steel, titanium net, reaches the biomass carbon formed material.
Utilize the optical microbial fuel cell to process the method for livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, livestock breeding wastewater adds anolyte compartment by the anode water-in, anolyte compartment and air are isolated, form anaerobic environment, it is fuel that the anolyte compartment photosynthetic bacterium be take organism in waste water, the metabolism organism produces electronics and proton arrives cathode compartment by external circuit and barrier film respectively, anolyte compartment's water outlet enters negative electrode by the cathode compartment water-in, the micro-algae of cathode compartment absorbs anolyte compartment's water outlet nitrogen phosphorus and promotes its growth, the oxygen that under illumination condition, photosynthesis produces is combined and is generated the water generates electric energy with the electronics from anolyte compartment and proton.Results anolyte compartment photosynthetic bacterium can be extracted bacterioprotein for fodder production, and the micro-algae of cathode compartment prepares biofuel through concentrating, extract, turn fat.
The described method of utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, it is chlorella that negative electrode is inoculated micro-algae, intend Nannochloropsis oceanica, grid algae, chrysophyceae, Porphyridium cruentum, triangle brown fat algae, patter of rain haematococcus pulvialis, anabena, cytoalgae, synechococcus.
The described method of utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, anode inoculation photosynthetic bacterium is rhodospirillum, rhodopseudomonas and red germ.
The described method of utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, the micro-algae of anode photosynthetic bacterium and negative electrode adopts membrane sepn or centrifugal results thalline and micro-algae.
The described method of utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, the microbiological fuel cell intensity of illumination is 2000-10000 lux, culture temperature is 23-35 ℃
The described method of utilizing the feces of livestock and poultry primary wastewater to produce micro-algae, be inoculated into anolyte compartment and cathode compartment by being cultured to the photosynthetic bacterium of logarithmic phase and the micro-algae inoculum size with 2 ~ 20%.
3, beneficial effect: a kind of device and method that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while is provided, the present invention is when removing livestock breeding wastewater organism, nitrogen, phosphorus, can obtain bacterium algae albumen and for the preparation of micro-algae of bio-oil, and produce clean electric energy; The micro-algae photosynthesis of negative electrode has improved the cathode compartment dissolved oxygen, has cancelled mechanical aeration commonly used; Solve conventional cathode simultaneously and need regularly replace the catholyte problem, realize the truly MFC of sustainability.This device has simplicity of design, and method is workable, and working cost such as reduces greatly at the advantage, is conducive to realize the livestock breeding wastewater resource utilization, reduces its processing cost.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the device schematic diagram of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while.In figure, indicate: 1-external resistance, 2-anode water-in, 3-negative electrode, 4-negative electrode water-in, 5-anode water outlet, 6-anode, 7-anode water outlet, 8-proton membrane, 9-pump.
Fig. 2 is that in the specific embodiment of the invention, livestock breeding wastewater anode photosynthetic bacteria is processed COD variation and cell voltage change procedure figure.
Fig. 3 is that in the specific embodiment of the invention, livestock breeding wastewater anode photosynthetic bacteria is processed ammonium nitrogen change procedure figure.
Fig. 4 is after in the specific embodiment of the invention, the nearly anode photosynthetic bacterium of livestock breeding wastewater is processed, and adds negative electrode to cultivate micro-algae front and back ammonium nitrogen content procedure chart.
Fig. 5 is after in the specific embodiment of the invention, the nearly anode photosynthetic bacterium of livestock breeding wastewater is processed, and adds negative electrode to cultivate micro-algae front and back total phosphorous change procedure figure.
Fig. 6 is after in the specific embodiment of the invention, the nearly anode photosynthetic bacterium of livestock breeding wastewater is processed, and adds negative electrode to cultivate micro-algae front and back total nitrogen content change procedure figure.
Fig. 7, after in the specific embodiment of the invention, the nearly anode photosynthetic bacterium of livestock breeding wastewater is processed, adds negative electrode to cultivate micro algae growth curve in micro-algae process.
Fig. 8 is that in the specific embodiment of the invention, the nearly anode photosynthetic bacterium of livestock breeding wastewater is cultivated the micro-algae total lipid content of negative electrode after processing
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of device and method that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is illustrated.
Device embodiment: the present embodiment utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the device (Fig. 1) of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, comprises anaerobism transparent anode chamber and aerobic transparent cathode chamber; Between anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, adopt proton exchange membrane to be separated; Anode and negative electrode are linked to be loop line by wire and external resistance.Livestock breeding wastewater adds anolyte compartment from the anode water-in, in airtight anode anaerobic environment, photosynthetic bacterium in anolyte compartment produces electronics, proton by metabolism by the organism in waste water, and electronics is transferred to negative electrode through external circuit, and proton is diffused into negative electrode via proton exchange membrane.Anolyte compartment's water outlet enters negative electrode by the negative electrode prosopyle, the micro-algae of negative electrode absorbs the nutritive elements such as nitrogen phosphorus in waste water, improve the cathode compartment dissolved oxygen by photosynthesis, the oxygen in cathode compartment and the electronics that is delivered to cathode compartment from anode by wire and see through proton that proton exchange membrane enters cathode compartment and be combined and generate water and reach when stablize electrogenesis effective removal livestock breeding wastewater the pollutent such as COD, N, P and obtain bacterium algae albumen.
Embodiment 1: by anode adding mouth anode chamber, inject livestock breeding wastewater, in 2%-20% ratio inoculation photosynthetic bacterium, after inoculation, airtight anolyte compartment and air are isolated, with fluorescent lamp, incandescent light, LED lamp or the sun are as light source, intensity control is at 2000-10000 lux, temperature is controlled 23-35 ℃, the micro-algae of negative electrode produces photosynthesis and produces oxygen as electron acceptor(EA), after system is processed 50h, livestock breeding wastewater COD clearance reaches 94.4%, outer carrying is that under 1000 Ω conditions, voltage ranges up to 160 mv(Fig. 2), the livestock breeding wastewater ammonia nitrogen removal frank is 90.4%(Fig. 3).
Embodiment 2: the anode water outlet is connected with the negative electrode water-in, with pump by the livestock breeding wastewater of anodizing ten thousand cathode compartment that jumps, inoculum size by micro-algae of being cultured to logarithmic phase by 2-20% is inoculated into respectively in cathode compartment liquid, micro-concentration of algae is about 0.1-0.5 g/L, and the temperature of cultivation is 23 ℃-35 ℃.Inject livestock breeding wastewater by anode adding mouth anode chamber, in 2%-20% ratio inoculation photosynthetic bacterium, with fluorescent lamp, incandescent light, LED lamp or the sun are as light source, intensity control is at 2000-10000 lux, the anode water outlet was cultivated micro-algae after 13 days, ammonia nitrogen removal frank is 86.8%(Fig. 4) total phosphorus and nitrogen removal rate be respectively 90.4% and 96.7%(Fig. 5, Fig. 6), microalgae cell density measurement adopts spectrophotometry, negative electrode algae liquid is diluted to certain multiple, measure the absorbancy under wavelength 680nm, livestock breeding wastewater is processed and is directly supported algae group primary stage of inoculation OD without the anode photosynthetic bacterium
680be 0.952, cultivating after 13 days is 1.23, and after the anode photosynthetic bacterium is processed, livestock breeding wastewater pumps into cathode compartment and cultivates micro-algae, micro-algae OD
680reach 4.04(Fig. 7 by initial 0.932 after the growth of 13 days).
Embodiment 3: it is 28.2% that the micro-algae of cathode compartment is cultivated fat content after 13 days; a little less than BG11 culture medium culturing same time microalgae grease content (Fig. 8); concrete measuring method is for getting 40 mL algae liquid; centrifugal concentrating to 0. 8 mL; add wherein 2 mL methyl alcohol and 1 mL chloroform; fully mix 2 min. and add again 1 mL chloroform, mix 30 s; Add 1 mL water, mix 30 s, centrifugal 10 min of 4000 rpm, draw whole chloroform layers (bottom), 60 ℃ of nitrogen blow. and the centrifuge tube after drying up is placed under room temperature and is dried to constant weight, take quality change before and after centrifuge tube, i.e. grease weight, grease weight can draw fat content with the ratio that extracts grease algae dry weight.
Embodiment 4: the present embodiment utilizes the device of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, the rectangular parallelepiped that anolyte compartment and cathode compartment are useful volume 4cm*4cm*6cm, and the proton exchange membrane useful area that separates anolyte compartment and cathode compartment is 16cm
2.1000 Ω external resistances in circuit, output voltage is recorded to (5min/ time) in computer automatically by data acquisition unit (Model 27XX integral series, Keithley Intruments Inc USA), and open circuit voltage is measured by digital multimeter.The anode water inlet is from the Xiamen livestock and poultry farm.
Claims (10)
1. utilize the optical microbial fuel cell to process the device of livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, by anolyte compartment, cathode compartment, anode, negative electrode, barrier film, water-in, water outlet, external circuit, formed, it is characterized in that this device anolyte compartment lower sidewall water outlet is connected with cathode compartment top water-in, device cathode compartment and anolyte compartment adopt light transmissive material to make, anode indoor inoculation photosynthetic bacterium, cathode compartment is inoculated micro-algae.
2. the device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: anolyte compartment and cathode compartment adopt toughened glass, synthetic glass, PVC clear sheet, PC/PVC clear sheet, acrylic plate transparent material to make.
3. the device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described optical microbial fuel cell adopts that LED is red, blue-light source, incandescent light, fluorescent lamp, sunlight light source.
4. the device that utilizes the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described positive and negative utmost point material is carbon cloth, carbon felt, carbon paper, graphite cake, stainless steel, titanium net, and biomass carbon formed material.
5. utilize the optical microbial fuel cell to process the method for livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while, it is characterized in that: livestock breeding wastewater adds anolyte compartment by the anode water-in, anolyte compartment and air are isolated, form anaerobic environment, it is fuel that the anolyte compartment photosynthetic bacterium be take organism in waste water, the metabolism organism produces electronics and proton arrives cathode compartment by external circuit and barrier film respectively, anolyte compartment's water outlet enters negative electrode by the cathode compartment water-in, the micro-algae of cathode compartment absorbs anolyte compartment's water outlet nitrogen phosphorus and promotes its growth, the oxygen that under illumination condition, photosynthesis produces is combined and is generated the water generates electric energy with the electronics from anolyte compartment and proton, results anolyte compartment photosynthetic bacterium can be extracted bacterioprotein for fodder production, and the micro-algae of cathode compartment prepares biofuel through concentrating, extract, turn fat.
6. the method for utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: it is chlorella that negative electrode is inoculated micro-algae, intend Nannochloropsis oceanica, grid algae, chrysophyceae, Porphyridium cruentum, triangle brown fat algae, patter of rain haematococcus pulvialis, anabena, cytoalgae, synechococcus.
7. the method for utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 5, is characterized in that anode inoculation photosynthetic bacterium is rhodospirillum, rhodopseudomonas and red germ.
8. the method for utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 5, is characterized in that the micro-algae of anode photosynthetic bacterium and negative electrode adopts membrane sepn or centrifugal results thalline and micro-algae.
9. the method for utilizing the optical microbial fuel cell to process the livestock breeding wastewater producing biodiesel while according to claim 5, is characterized in that microbiological fuel cell intensity of illumination 2000-10000 lux, and culture temperature is 23-35 ℃.
10. according to the described method of utilizing the feces of livestock and poultry primary wastewater to produce micro-algae of claim 5, it is characterized in that being inoculated into respectively anolyte compartment and cathode compartment by being cultured to the photosynthetic bacterium of logarithmic phase and the micro-algae inoculum size with 2-20%.
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