CN103075728A - Flow-reconstruction based circulating fluidized bed boiler for controlling nitric oxide - Google Patents
Flow-reconstruction based circulating fluidized bed boiler for controlling nitric oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN103075728A CN103075728A CN2013100414676A CN201310041467A CN103075728A CN 103075728 A CN103075728 A CN 103075728A CN 2013100414676 A CN2013100414676 A CN 2013100414676A CN 201310041467 A CN201310041467 A CN 201310041467A CN 103075728 A CN103075728 A CN 103075728A
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- separator
- fluidized bed
- circulating fluidized
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- burner hearth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flow-reconstruction based circulating fluidized bed boiler for controlling nitric oxide, relates to circulating fluidized bed boiler equipment and solves the technical problem that a circulating fluidized bed boiler with ultra-low emission of nitric oxide (NOX) is not available at present. The circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, a separator communicated with a smoke outlet of the hearth, a return feeder and a funnel cap communicated with a dipleg of the separator, a wind chamber communicated with the hearth, and secondary wind pipes distributed on the front and back walls of the hearth, wherein the separator is a heat insulation cyclone separator; the return feeder adopts high pressure cold air, and a flow meter, a pressure gage and an air regulation valve are mounted on an inlet wind pipe; and the wind chamber and the hearth are separated by a wind distributing plate, and the bell-type funnel cap is arranged on the wind distributing plate. The circulating fluidized bed boiler is applicable to circulating fluidized bed boilers based on flow reconstruction and enables the total volume of outlet nitric oxide (NOX) of the hearth of the boiler to be lower through combustion control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Equipment, specifically a kind of control nitrogen oxide (NO based on fluidised form reconstruct
X) CFBB.
Background technology
Along with country's " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " (GB13223-2011) issues and implements, require flue dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, the mercury and mercuric compounds discharging of coal-burning boiler all will reach limit value.At present, the discharging of the flue dust of CFBB, sulfur dioxide, mercury and mercuric compounds is set up the measures such as desulfurizer by the dedusting of afterbody electricity cloth, in-furnace calcium spraying and afterbody, all can reach limit value.And for nitrogen oxide (NO
X) minimum discharge, itself and boiler combustion are closely related, at present at control nitrogen oxide (NO
X) the discharge index aspect, there is no for the design of whole boiler burning structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide is provided, solve and there is no at present minimum discharge nitrogen oxide (NO
X) the technical problem of CFBB.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of CFBB of the control discharged nitrous oxides based on fluidised form reconstruct, the stationary state theory is pointed out, the bottom of CFB is bubbling bed, top is fast bed, the Coal rank correspondence different best bubbling beds and best fast bed state, and its essence is exactly to determine optimum fast bed and bubbling bed state.Wherein, the effect that penetrates that should spread from heat transfer, particle agglomeration probability, the gas of material immixture and Secondary Air of determining of best amounts of fine particles considers, and best fine grain bed storage is to be optimized definite according to " recirculating fluidized bed fluidised form design collection of illustrative plates ".
And best coarse granule amount determine should be from bed temperature, fuel the oarse-grained abrasion condition that burns degree, heating surface, and the diffusivity that penetrates of the energy consumption of blower fan and Secondary Air is considered, simultaneously, best coarse granule bed storage is to be optimized definite according to " many granularities mass balance model " and " different grain size fuel burns time graph ".After the fluidised form reconstruct, the coarse granule amount that consists of bubbling bed greatly reduces, and the amounts of fine particles that consists of fast bed slightly increases, total bed storage greatly reduces and fine particle fraction significantly promotes, and changes based on fluidised form reconstruct minimum discharge boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed material and can satisfy best material balance requirement.Boiler matching primary air fan Main Function is to keep the normal fluidisation of circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom material and the fuel that enters burner hearth in time to ignite, boiler matching overfire air fan Main Function is in time to fill into the required oxygen of fuel combustion in suitable period and zone, both guaranteed the complete after-flame of fuel, and controlled again and produce less CO, SO in the flue gas as far as possible
XAnd NO
XBased on fluidised form reconstruct minimum discharge CFBB, because the coarse granule amount that consists of bubbling bed greatly reduces so that boiler matching primary air fan power can reduce greatly, reasonably the diffusivity that penetrates of Secondary Air designs so that boiler matching overfire air fan power can suitably reduce, and whole boiler complete auxiliaries power consumption is had very large help.
A kind of CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide, comprise: boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed, the separator that is communicated with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet, the material returning device that is communicated with separator dipleg and burner hearth, introduce from air channel burner hearth air compartment, be arranged in blast cap on the air compartment air distribution plate, be distributed in the secondary air channel on the burner hearth front-back wall, separator inlet zone joins with the SNCR flue gas denitrification system, it is characterized in that: described separator is a kind ofly to be arranged in parallel at that burner hearth exhanst gas outlet zone, inlet flue duct have a down dip, the Adiabatic Cyclone separator of central tube off-centre; The returning charge elegance high pressure cold wind of described material returning device is sent into by little blast cap, installs flowmeter, pressure gauge and air-quantity adjusting valve on the entrance airduct; Described air compartment and burner hearth are separated by by air distribution plate, and the blast cap that is evenly arranged on the air distribution plate is a kind of bell-type windshield.
Further, described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; Described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is provided with the operating temperature control system.
Further, described material returning device is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; Described material returning device is provided with the operating temperature control system.
Further, described air distribution plate is provided with phosphate refractory concrete.
Further, the nozzle of described secondary air channel is arranged on the lower furnace portion material needs combustion-supporting height.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
CFBB realizes that required two the core conditions that possess of fluidised form reconstruct are: the one-tenth ash abrasion characteristic that at first should understand in advance relevant bunker coal, namely by coal being carried out hot static combustion and cold state vibration screen mill consumption mode is analyzed, solve current in the world must be in hot lower drawback of testing.Next is to guarantee that the circulatory system has efficient separative efficiency, guarantee circulating particle concentration (heat porter) and particle diameter distribution in the boiler circulatory system, so that material sample analysis under the separator: d50 is at 10~12um, d99 is in 100um, and whole closed circuit solid circulating rate satisfies running status 2.5~3.0Kg/Nm
3Requirement.
The present invention is owing to be arranged in juxtaposition the thermal insulation cyclone separator at furnace outlet, and the flue gas behind the hearth combustion enters cyclone separator through furnace outlet, and the feed separation that flue gas is carried secretly is got off, and returns again combustion of burner hearth circulation by material returning device, and separative efficiency is very high; One time wind evenly enters burner hearth through air compartment by blast cap, fluidized bed material, Secondary Air are sent into the space that the burning of lower furnace portion material needs air by being distributed in the secondary air channel nozzle on the burner hearth front-back wall, guarantee that burning changes the oxygen-excess combustion stage over to from reducing atmosphere, has improved efficiency of combustion.Optimizing and revising of stove internal combustion air distribution is so that the initial nitrogen oxide (NO of boiler
X) generate and to be controlled at lower value.
The present invention is applicable to the CFBB of fluidised form reconstruct, controls so that boiler furnace outlet nitrogen oxide (NO by burning
X) to produce total amount on the low side.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
The present invention is further illustrated by preferred embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide, comprise: boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed 1, the separator 2 that is communicated with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet, the material returning device 3 that is communicated with separator dipleg and burner hearth 1, introduce from air channel burner hearth air compartment 5, be arranged in blast cap 4 on the air compartment air distribution plate, be distributed in the secondary air channel 6 on the burner hearth front-back wall, separator 2 entrance areas and SNCR flue gas denitrification system join.
Described SNCR flue gas denitrification system is by ammoniacal liquor unloading and storage system 7, ammoniacal liquor and dilution water induction system 8, mixing and dispensing system 9 and spraying system 10 form, described ammoniacal liquor unloading and stocking system 7 are by ammoniacal liquor tank car 71, ammoniacal liquor discharging pump installation 72 and tank used for storing ammonia 73 consist of, described ammoniacal liquor and dilution water induction system 8 are by demineralized water 81, ammoniacal liquor dosing pump assembly 82 and dilution water dosing pump assembly 83 consist of, described mixing and dispensing system 9 is made of static mixer 91 and reducing agent distributor 92, described spraying system 10 is by being arranged on the separator inlet zone, be distributed to whole flue cross section, the injector head 101 that connects compressed air source consists of, described tank used for storing ammonia 73 connects described ammoniacal liquor dosing pump assembly 82, described dilution water dosing pump assembly 83, ammoniacal liquor dosing pump assembly 82 is connected with described static mixer 91, described static mixer 91 connects described reducing agent distributor 92, and described reducing agent distributor 92 is connected with described injector head 101.
Described separator 2 is a kind ofly to be arranged in parallel at that burner hearth exhanst gas outlet zone, inlet flue duct have a down dip, the Adiabatic Cyclone separator of central tube off-centre.
Described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; Described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is provided with the operating temperature control system.
Described material returning device 3 is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; The returning charge elegance high pressure cold wind of described material returning device is sent into by little blast cap, the upper installing of the female pipe of entrance airduct flowmeter, pressure gauge and air-quantity adjusting valve; Described material returning device 3 is provided with the operating temperature control system.
Described air compartment 5 is separated by by air distribution plate with burner hearth, and the blast cap 4 that is evenly arranged on the air distribution plate is a kind of bell-type windshields, and described air distribution plate is provided with phosphate refractory concrete.
The nozzle of described secondary air channel 6 is arranged on the lower furnace portion material needs combustion-supporting height.
The core components such as separator 2, material returning device 3, blast cap 4, air compartment 5, secondary air channel 6, design with becoming ash abrasion characteristic according to the fuel element analysis:
Separator 2 is important composition parts of CFBB, and the present invention is arranged in juxtaposition the thermal insulation cyclone separator at furnace outlet, adopts inlet flue duct to have a down dip, the mode of central tube off-centre, and both simple in structure, separative efficiency is high again.
Flue gas behind hearth combustion enters cyclone separator through furnace outlet, and the feed separation that flue gas is carried secretly is got off, and returns again combustion of burner hearth circulation by material returning device.Flue gas after the separation flows to the afterbody convection heating surface through central tube.Control the operating temperature in whole feed separation and returning charge loop for being conducive to ultralow discharged nitrous oxides optimum temperature.
The part weight of the straight section of cyclone separator, cone section, dipleg and material returning device is supported on the steelframe; The flue of separator outlet is suspended on the furnace roof top board by suspension rod.
A material returning device 3 all is equipped with in the bottom of each separator dipleg, is provided with air distribution plate in the material returning device, ash-removing mouth on the air distribution plate.
The wind in combustion chamber is introduced air compartment from the air channel.Air compartment 5 is separated by by air distribution plate with burner hearth, and air distribution plate is membrane wall structure, is evenly arranged bell-type windshield on it, accurate casting, and special material, serviceability temperature is high, has long service life.Be the protecting cloth aerofoil, the phosphate refractory concrete thickness on the air distribution plate is suitable.
Secondary Air is sent into the height space that the burning of lower furnace portion material needs air by being distributed in the secondary air channel nozzle on the burner hearth front-back wall.Guarantee that burning changes the oxygen-excess combustion stage over to from reducing atmosphere, improve efficiency of combustion, reduce the afterbody unburned carbon in flue dust, secondary wind pressure just in time can penetrate the anoxic zone during operation.
Based on fluidised form reconstruct minimum discharge CFBB general structure design, guarantee that the boiler furnace flue gas rate of climb is according to the one-tenth ash abrasion characteristic of bunker coal, keep the best flue gas rate of climb of burner hearth in 4.5~5m/s scope, suitable circulated material quantity guarantees that boiler operatiopn bed temperature, furnace outlet gas temperature, separator material air-teturning temperature and separator outlet temperature are all between 850~880 ℃ of optimum responses, range of temperature is at 50 ℃, the NO of the actual generation of boiler combustion
XIt is international that product is greatly on the low side usually.Adding boiler furnace front-back wall overfiren air port sprays into front burning and is in reducing atmosphere, NO
XOriginal concentration can be controlled in and is lower than 150mg/Nm
3According to present actual design result, on based on fluidised form reconstruct minimum discharge CFBB, do not increase the expensive out of stock device of afterbody SCR, the SNCR denitrification apparatus that cooperates lower cost just can reach boiler tail flue gas NO among the national GB13223-2011 " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard "
XDischarging is less than 100mg/Nm
3Requirement.
Claims (5)
1. CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide, comprise: boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed (1), the separator (2) that is communicated with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet, the material returning device (3) that is communicated with separator dipleg and burner hearth, air compartment (5) from an air channel introducing burner hearth, be arranged in the blast cap (4) on the air compartment air distribution plate, be distributed in the secondary air channel (6) on the burner hearth front-back wall, separator (2) entrance area and SNCR flue gas denitrification system join, and it is characterized in that: described separator (2) is a kind of burner hearth exhanst gas outlet zone that is arranged in parallel at, inlet flue duct has a down dip, the Adiabatic Cyclone separator of central tube off-centre; The returning charge elegance high pressure cold wind of described material returning device (3) is sent into by little blast cap, installs flowmeter, pressure gauge and air-quantity adjusting valve on the entrance airduct; Described air compartment (5) is separated by by air distribution plate with burner hearth, and the blast cap (4) that is evenly arranged on the air distribution plate is a kind of bell-type windshield.
2. described CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; Described Adiabatic Cyclone separator is provided with the operating temperature control system.
3. described CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described material returning device (3) is comprised of the refractory material back boxing of shell and three-decker, and three layers of refractory material are respectively high-strength abrasion-proof castable, lightening casting material, light-weight insulating brick; Described material returning device (3) is provided with the operating temperature control system.
4. described CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air distribution plate is provided with phosphate refractory concrete.
5. described CFBB based on fluidised form reconstruct control nitrogen oxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nozzle of described secondary air channel (6) is arranged on the combustion-supporting height of burner hearth (1) bottom material needs.
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Cited By (4)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN103574593A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Flow state reconfiguration control-based circulating fluidized bed boiler for sulfides |
CN103672874A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-26 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | System for desulfurizing limestone in circulating fluidized bed boiler on basis of flow state reconstruction |
CN113819460A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-21 | 江门市同力环保科技有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion ammonia-free denitration method for small and medium-sized circulating fluidized bed boiler |
CN115234900A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 | Circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler for burning coal powder particles and burning method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103574593A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Flow state reconfiguration control-based circulating fluidized bed boiler for sulfides |
CN103672874A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-26 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | System for desulfurizing limestone in circulating fluidized bed boiler on basis of flow state reconstruction |
CN113819460A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-21 | 江门市同力环保科技有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion ammonia-free denitration method for small and medium-sized circulating fluidized bed boiler |
CN113819460B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-07-25 | 江门市同力环保科技有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion ammonia-free denitration method for medium-sized and small circulating fluidized bed boiler |
CN115234900A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 | Circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler for burning coal powder particles and burning method thereof |
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