CN203043834U - Device for removing NOx through smoke recycling and ammonia agent jetting - Google Patents

Device for removing NOx through smoke recycling and ammonia agent jetting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203043834U
CN203043834U CN 201220747867 CN201220747867U CN203043834U CN 203043834 U CN203043834 U CN 203043834U CN 201220747867 CN201220747867 CN 201220747867 CN 201220747867 U CN201220747867 U CN 201220747867U CN 203043834 U CN203043834 U CN 203043834U
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China
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flue gas
secondary air
air channel
nox
reducing agent
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CN 201220747867
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孙建飞
罗经华
吴祖良
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Zhejiang Tianjie Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Tianjie Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model aims to provide a device for removing NOx through smoke recycling and ammonia agent jetting. The penetration depth of a reducing agent is increased through modifying the mounting position of an atomization spray gun, so that the reducing agent is favorably mixed with smoke, and finally, the aim of increasing the SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) denitration efficiency is achieved. The technical scheme is as follows: the device for removing NOx through smoke recycling and ammonia agent jetting comprises a hearth, a group of secondary air pipes located on the side wall of the hearth and a primary air pipe located at the bottom of the hearth; and the device is characterized in that a reducing agent atomization spray gun is arranged at a secondary air nozzle of each second air pipe. The device is suitable for the technical field of environment friendliness and can be applied to boiler denitration.

Description

A kind of flue gas recirculation and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of flue gas recirculation and ammonia agent injection NOx removes device; particularly a kind of flue gas recirculation and reducing agent of utilizing sprays the device that reduces NOx discharging in the CFBB flue gas; mainly be applicable to environmental protection technical field, can be applicable to the boiler denitration.
Background technology
Flue gas recirculation is one of technology that reduces at present the NOx discharging.It is to extract a part of low-temperature flue gas before the air preheater of boiler, or directly sends into burner hearth, or with send in the stove after wind, a secondary wind mix, so not only can reduce ignition temperature, and diluted oxygen concentration, make temperature reduction in burning velocity and the stove, thereby heating power type NOx reduces.The effect of flue gas recirculation method and fuel type and flue gas recirculation rate (ratio of the exhaust gas volumn of flue gas recycled amount when not adopting flue gas recirculation) are relevant.The problem that exists is the restriction that is subjected to combustion stability, and general flue gas recycled rate is that 15%~20%, NOx removal efficiency is 20~30%.
Do not adopt under the condition of catalyst NH at spray ammonia in flue gas 3The reaction of reducing NOx can only be carried out in 950~1050 ℃ temperature range, and therefore, this method is called SNCR denitration method (being called for short SNCR) again.Because reaction temperature is 950~1050 ℃, so NH 3The spray site position select most important.Temperature is too high, NH 3Oxidation easily generates new NOx; Temperature is too low, NH 3Can't efficiently decompose, reduce denitration effect, and increase the escape of afterbody ammonia.
When ammonia when NOx in the flue gas contacts, following reduction reaction will take place:
4NH 3+4NO+O 2→6H 2O+4N 2
4NH 3+2NO 2+O 2→6H 2O+3N 2
4NH 3+6NO→6H 2O+5N 2
8NH 3+6NO 2→12H 2O+7N 2
Because the required temperature range of above-mentioned reaction is 950~1050 ℃, its position in burner hearth can change when boiler load changes, therefore be everlasting and offer multilayer ammonia jet on the furnace wall, all to sneak into temperature be in 950~1050 ℃ the flue gas so that spray into ammonia in the stove.In order to enlarge 950~1050 ℃ of these temperature ranges, to reach best reaction effect, also have and adopt special additive such as sodium salt and spray ammonia to use simultaneously.When adopting the SNCR denitration technology, in spray site must be chosen to be at 950~1050 ℃ temperature range, the ammonia that sprays into and flue gas good mixing, also be to guarantee that the denitration reduction reaction is fully carried out, and use minimal ammonia consumption to reach the essential condition that reduces the NOx discharge value to greatest extent.If the ammonia that sprays into fails fully to react in burner hearth, then unreacted ammonia will " leak " back-end surfaces of boiler, and this not only can make the flying dust in the flue gas be deposited on the heating surface easily, and the ammonia in the flue gas is running into SO 3The time, can generate ammonium sulfate.And ammonium sulfate is viscosity, is easy to stop up air preheater, and the danger of corrosion is arranged.Therefore, ammonia and flue gas being mixed fully is the major issue that adopts this method.Mix not goodly, can cause the reaction blind area, denitration effect descends, and the escape of ammonia increases.The NOx removal efficiency that general SNCR can reach is 30%~60%.
SNCR denitration small investment, operating cost is also low, but range of reaction temperature is narrow, and the condition in good mixing and reaction compartment and reaction time be arranged.In the time will reaching higher NOx removal efficiency, may cause NH 3Problems such as leakage rate is excessive.The NOx removal efficiency that general SNCR can reach is 30%~60%, so its use is subjected to certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: the problem at above-mentioned existence provides a kind of flue gas recirculation and ammonia agent injection NOx to remove device, transformation by the atomizing lance installation site, improve the penetration depth of reducing agent, make reducing agent well mix with flue gas, finally reach the purpose that improves the SNCR denitration efficiency.
Another technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: collaborative flue gas recirculation and SNCR denitration, under the prerequisite that keeps the CFBB fluidizing velocity, cause reducing atmosphere and reduce ignition temperature, reduce NOx and generate, and finally reach the purpose that reduces the NOx discharging.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: flue gas recirculation and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device, comprise burner hearth, be positioned at one group of secondary air channel on this burner hearth sidewall, and an airduct that is positioned at this burner hearth bottom, it is characterized in that: the overfire air port place of described secondary air channel is equipped with the reducing agent atomizing lance.
The nozzle of described reducing agent atomizing lance is positioned at the inboard of secondary air channel spout.
Described secondary air channel adopts the dipping type arrangement, and the angle of its air-out direction and horizontal plane is the 10-20 degree.
The injection direction of described reducing agent atomizing lance is identical with the air-out direction of secondary air channel spout.
The number of described secondary air channel is 4 multiple, divide two-layer layout up and down, and the spacing between the two-layer secondary air channel is 1-2m up and down; The air quantity of levels secondary wind is than being 3:2~2:1.
The quantity of two-layer secondary air channel is identical, and is positioned at the secondary air channel of one deck positioned opposite in twos.
Two-layer secondary air channel interlaced arrangement up and down.
Be connected with on the described airduct for the flue gas recycled pipeline that boiler smoke is delivered to airduct, mixes with wind.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: 1, the reducing agent spray gun is arranged in the spout place of secondary air channel, can reducing agent is fully mixed with flue gas by the momentum of secondary wind, thereby improve denitration efficiency.2, the nozzle of reducing agent atomizing lance is positioned at the inboard of secondary air channel spout, has avoided ash-laden gas to directly the washing away of spray gun, and has wear problem hardly, thereby has improved greatly the service life of spray gun.3, the secondary air temperature degree is generally below 200 degree, when spraying into secondary wind, can purge cooling to spray gun, plays a very good protection, and has improved spray gun service life.4, overfire air port adopts the dipping type arrangement, and angle of declination is generally 10 ~ 20 degree, can suppress flowing of fine particle effectively, prolongs its flowing time in burner hearth, is beneficial to the after-flame of tiny carbon granules, reduces the unburnt heat loss of solid.5, the spray gun arrangements of 10~20 degree that have a down dip make reducing agent spraying be " U " type, can prolong reducing agent in the time of staying of SNCR temperature window, and further improve mixed effect.6, secondary air channel is arranged on two relative faces, and is positioned at the secondary air channel of one deck positioned opposite in twos, thereby has increased the penetration depth of secondary wind in fluid bed greatly, makes boiler combustion more fully stable.7, two-layer secondary air channel interlaced arrangement up and down, better optimize the distribution of reducing agent.8, the collaborative flue gas recirculation of the utility model and SNCR denitration, utilize the utility model method to handle after, denitration efficiency has obtained further raising compared to prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the arrangement schematic diagram (partial cutaway is shown) of secondary air channel on the utility model burner hearth.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the interior reducing agent atomizing lance arrangement figure of secondary air channel in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the utility model NOx removing process flow chart.
The specific embodiment
Because high-temperature flue gas viscosity is big, and the reducing agent atomizing lance is less owing to flow, and eject momentum is limited, is difficult to penetrate flue gas, and it is abundant inadequately that the reducing agent after causing atomizing mixes with flue gas, and denitration efficiency is low.Therefore, present embodiment carries out specific aim on the basis of existing technology to be improved, its concrete structure mainly comprises burner hearth 1, is arranged in the effect that one group of secondary air channel 2(on burner hearth 1 sidewall gets up aftercombustion and carries material as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3), and an airduct 5 that is positioned at burner hearth 1 bottom; Wherein the overfire air port place of secondary air channel 2 is equipped with reducing agent atomizing lance 3, and the arrival end of this spray gun connects reducing agent and compressed air respectively.Can utilize the characteristics that secondary wind air quantity is big, momentum is high, rigidity is strong in actual the use, the reducing agent atomizing particle is blown at a high speed in the burner hearth 1, improve the penetration depth of reducing agent greatly, thereby improve the situation of mixing of reducing agent and flue gas largely, improve denitration efficiency.
Because the concentration of solid particles in the burner hearth 1 is big, and flue-gas temperature is about about 900 ℃ in the burner hearth 1, if reducing agent atomizing lance 3 is arranged in burner hearth 1 inside, not only wear problem is very outstanding, and high temperature also has considerable influence to life-span of reducing agent atomizing lance 3.In this example, the nozzle of reducing agent atomizing lance 3 is positioned at the inboard of secondary air channel 2 spouts, avoids on the one hand ash-laden gas to directly the washing away of reducing agent atomizing lance 3, and has wear problem hardly, can improve the service life of spray gun greatly; Can utilize secondary wind (temperature be generally 200 degree following) that the reducing agent atomizing lance 3 that is positioned at spout is purged cooling on the other hand, therefore play a very good protection, improve spray gun service life.
Described secondary air channel 2 adopts the dipping type arrangement, the angle of its air-out direction and horizontal plane is the 10-20 degree, can suppress flowing of fine particle effectively, prolongs its flowing time in burner hearth 1, be beneficial to the after-flame of tiny carbon granules, reduce the unburnt heat loss of solid.The injection direction of described reducing agent atomizing lance 3 is identical with the air-out direction of secondary air channel 2 spouts, the 10-20 degree that namely has a down dip is equally arranged, make the reducing agent spraying be " U " type, can prolong reducing agent in the time of staying of SNCR temperature window, and further improve the mixed effect of reducing agent and flue gas.
The number of described secondary air channel 2 is 4 integral multiple, is generally 4,8 or 12, in this example, described secondary air channel 2 has four, divide two-layer layout up and down, every layer arranges two, and the spacing between the two-layer secondary air channel 2 is 1-2m up and down, distribution by air quantity, form air stage feeding again, lower floor is the reducing zone, and the upper strata is burning-out zone, further reduce the generation of NOx, the air quantity of levels secondary wind is than being 3:2~2:1.For the distribution of better optimize reducing agent, two-layer secondary air channel 2 adopts interlaced arrangement up and down; Interlaced arrangement described in this example refers to the line of two secondary air channels 2 in certain one deck, and with the line of two secondary air channels 2 in another layer, the projection on horizontal plane is to intersect arranges that the crosspoint overlaps with the projection of burner hearth 1 vertical axis on horizontal plane.
In order further to increase the penetration depth of secondary wind in burner hearth 1, make boiler combustion fully stable, two secondary air channels 2 that are positioned at one deck are arranged on 1 two relative faces of burner hearth, and namely the axis of two secondary air channels 2 is in the same plane; It is the boiler of rectangle that this arrangement is fit to fluid bed, no matter the size of boiler capacity all can adopt this kind arrangement.In this example, four secondary air channels 2 lay respectively on four faces of rectangle furnace, and two secondary air channels 2 that are positioned on the opposite face are highly identical, and positioned opposite.
Be connected with a flue gas recycled pipeline 7 on the described airduct 5, this flue gas recycled pipeline one end is communicated with the boiler smoke discharge end, the other end is communicated with an airduct 5, at flue gas recycled pipeline 7 recirculation blower 8 is installed simultaneously, utilize this recirculation blower that boiler smoke is delivered to airduct 5 one time, and send in the burner hearth 1 after a wind mixes; By control recirculation blower 8 and the power that is positioned at the primary air fan 11 of airduct 5 air intakes, the ratio of regulating flue gas recycled and a wind.
Utilize aforementioned NOx to remove device and reduce NOx(nitrogen oxide in the CFBB flue gas) method, its step is as follows:
Under the prerequisite of a, assurance bed materials flowization and the interior bed temperature of stove, the flue gas recycled (getting burner hearth 1 discharge and the partial fume after separating) that in a wind, mixes a certain proportion of NOx of containing, spray in the burner hearth 1 from the bottom, to reduce the oxygen concentration in the wind one time, reduce combustion temperature in hearth, and the generation reducing substances, NOx is reduced to N 2
B, be blown into secondary wind from secondary air channel 2 to burner hearth in 1, spray into reducing agent from reducing agent atomizing lance 3 simultaneously, utilize high flow rate and the strong penetration capacity of secondary wind, with the reducing agent atomizing, and penetrate burner hearth inside, realize the SNCR denitration; The reducing agent that adopts in this example is ammonia.
Consider and contain the higher dust of concentration in the recirculating fluidized bed flue gas, if the flue gas recycled directly air preheater from boiler back end ductwork 6 is drawn, high concentrate dust in the flue gas can produce serious wearing and tearing to recirculation blower 8 so, so in this example, flue gas recycled is introduced from deduster 4 afterbodys, namely flue 7 one ends are communicated with an airduct 5 again, and the other end is communicated with the output of deduster 4.In general deduster 4 tail flue gas temperature still have about 150 ℃, approach with air preheater outlet wind-warm syndrome.Flue gas recycled is kept original fluidising air velocity with after a wind mixes, but wherein oxygen concentration significantly descends.Owing to be fuel-rich combustion, temperature reduces in burning velocity and the stove, thereby heating power type NOx reduces.Simultaneously, form reducing atmosphere in dense bed, generate reducing substanceses such as CO/CN/NH/HCN, these reducing substanceses help NOx to be reduced into N 2But, in order to guarantee burner hearth 1 temperature maintenance in normal level, need the oxygen content in the control flue gas to be unlikely to too low, so the proportion optimization of flue gas recycled and a wind is 1:1~1:2 in the utility model.
The air that needs burning is divided into primary and secondary air and sends into fluidized bed combustion chamber respectively from diverse location, forms reducing atmosphere in dense bed, realizes sectional combustion, can reduce the formation of heating power type NOx greatly, and this is one of major advantage of CFB boiler.But be divided into one, the purpose of secondary wind also not only that, a wind is directly determining the combustion share of dense bed than (primary air flow accounts for the share of total blast volume), under the same condition, a wind is than big, must cause high dense bed combustion share, just require the low recycle stock of more temperature to return dense bed this moment, take away the burning release heat, to keep the dense bed temperature, not enough as the recycle stock amount, will cause fluidized-bed temperature too high, can't add coal, load does not increase, and this material that is used for cooling off bed may be collected the circulating ash through supercooling of getting off from separator, or the circulating ash that falls from membrane wall around the burner hearth, ash contacts with membrane wall in dropping process and is cooled off.
In the burning and thermal balance of dense bed, a wind is than more little, material balance to circulating ash requires more low, but the in fact restriction of choosing factors such as also being subjected to fuel granularity and character of a wind ratio, a wind are than little, and it is also little to require to be blown afloat the bulky grain ratio that enters the suspension section burning in the fuel, otherwise bulky grain is incomplete because can not get sufficient oxygen combustion, carbon content is high in the bed ash of discharging, and one time the wind ratio is typically chosen in about 50%, then can reach more than 60% anthracite.So the ratio of wind and secondary wind is preferably 1:1~3:2 in the utility model.
Be specifically described below in conjunction with the present embodiment denitrating technique of Fig. 4: the flue gas that contains NOx that burner hearth 1 internal combustion produces, come out through the particle separation that high temperature cyclone separator 9 is mingled with in flue gas, flue gas after the separation enters boiler back end ductwork 6(and arranges high temperature superheater from top to bottom successively, low temperature superheater, economizer, air preheater), enter deduster 4 dedustings then, partial fume after dedusting is directly discharged by chimney 10, another part flue gas is directed to airduct 5 one time under recirculation blower 8 effects, mixing the back with a wind is blown into from burner hearth 1 bottom, to reduce the oxygen concentration in the wind one time, reduce combustion temperature in hearth, and the generation reducing substances, NOx is reduced to N 2Simultaneously, be blown into secondary wind from secondary air channel 2 to burner hearth in 1, spray into the ammonia agent from reducing agent atomizing lance 3, utilize high flow rate and the strong penetration capacity of secondary wind, with ammonia agent atomizing, and penetrate burner hearth 1 inside, realize the SNCR denitration.The flue gas that burning produces is output after high temperature cyclone separator 9 separates again, and so circulation gets final product.
The utility model is applied to the 75t/h CFBB, and NOx initial ejection concentration is 350mg/Nm 3, after the utility model technological transformation, NOx concentration of emission<100mg/Nm 3, the NOx removal efficiency〉and 714%.

Claims (8)

1. a flue gas recirculation and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device, comprise burner hearth (1), be positioned at the one group of secondary air channel (2) on this burner hearth sidewall, and an airduct (5) that is positioned at this burner hearth bottom, it is characterized in that: the overfire air port place of described secondary air channel (2) is equipped with reducing agent atomizing lance (3).
2. flue gas recirculation according to claim 1 and ammonia agent injection NOx removes device, and it is characterized in that: the nozzle of described reducing agent atomizing lance (3) is positioned at the inboard of secondary air channel (2) spout.
3. flue gas recirculation according to claim 1 and 2 and ammonia agent injection NOx removes device, it is characterized in that: described secondary air channel (2) adopts the dipping type arrangement, and the angle of its air-out direction and horizontal plane is the 10-20 degree.
4. flue gas recirculation according to claim 3 and ammonia agent injection NOx removes device, and it is characterized in that: the injection direction of described reducing agent atomizing lance (3) is identical with the air-out direction of secondary air channel (2) spout.
5. flue gas recirculation according to claim 1 and 2 and ammonia agent injection NOx removes device, and it is characterized in that: the number of described secondary air channel (2) is 4 multiple, divide two-layer layout up and down, and the spacing between the two-layer secondary air channel (2) is 1-2m up and down; The air quantity of levels secondary wind is than being 3:2~2:1.
6. flue gas recirculation according to claim 5 and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device, and it is characterized in that: the quantity of two-layer secondary air channel (2) is identical, and are positioned at secondary air channel (2) positioned opposite in twos with one deck.
7. flue gas recirculation according to claim 6 and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device, it is characterized in that: two-layer secondary air channel (2) interlaced arrangement up and down.
8. flue gas recirculation according to claim 1 and 2 and ammonia agent are sprayed NOx and are removed device, it is characterized in that: be connected with on the described airduct (5) for the flue gas recycled pipeline (7) that boiler smoke is delivered to an airduct (5), mixes with wind.
CN 201220747867 2012-12-28 2012-12-28 Device for removing NOx through smoke recycling and ammonia agent jetting Expired - Lifetime CN203043834U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103041686A (en) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-17 浙江天洁环境科技股份有限公司 NOx removing device and method by means of exhaust gas recycle and ammonia agent spray
CN103721552A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-16 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Method for implementing selective non-catalytic reduction denitration during low loading of CFB (Circulating Fluid Bed) boiler
CN108905590A (en) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-30 中国华能集团有限公司 A kind of denitrating system and method for station boiler low NO collaboration high temperature spray ammonia
CN109654482A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Using the Industrial Boiler of the SNCR and OFA interlaced arrangement of flue gas recirculation

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103041686A (en) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-17 浙江天洁环境科技股份有限公司 NOx removing device and method by means of exhaust gas recycle and ammonia agent spray
CN103721552A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-16 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Method for implementing selective non-catalytic reduction denitration during low loading of CFB (Circulating Fluid Bed) boiler
CN103721552B (en) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 CFB furnace underload implements the method for SNCR denitration
CN108905590A (en) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-30 中国华能集团有限公司 A kind of denitrating system and method for station boiler low NO collaboration high temperature spray ammonia
CN108905590B (en) * 2018-08-13 2023-05-12 中国华能集团有限公司 Denitration system and method for low-nitrogen burner of power station boiler in cooperation with high-temperature ammonia injection
CN109654482A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Using the Industrial Boiler of the SNCR and OFA interlaced arrangement of flue gas recirculation

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