CN107213771A - The biomass direct-fired device that flue gas recirculation and SNCR are combined - Google Patents
The biomass direct-fired device that flue gas recirculation and SNCR are combined Download PDFInfo
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- CN107213771A CN107213771A CN201710574431.2A CN201710574431A CN107213771A CN 107213771 A CN107213771 A CN 107213771A CN 201710574431 A CN201710574431 A CN 201710574431A CN 107213771 A CN107213771 A CN 107213771A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/205—Other organic compounds not covered by B01D2252/00 - B01D2252/20494
- B01D2252/2053—Other nitrogen compounds
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Abstract
The present invention provides the biomass direct-fired device that a kind of flue gas recirculation and SNCR are combined, described device includes biomass boiler, stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system, waste heat boiler and flue gas purification system, the stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system include primary air system, Secondary Air and after-flame wind system, flue gas recirculation system and SNCR systems, the primary air system produces the First air of the feeding biomass boiler, Secondary Air and the after-flame wind system produces the Secondary Air and burnout degree of the feeding biomass boiler, the flue gas recirculation system mixes flue gas recycled with the Secondary Air and the burnout degree respectively, the reducing agent that the SNCR systems are provided sends into the biomass boiler by the burnout degree.According to the present invention, SNCR systems are used as denitrification reducing agent using urea, it is possible to achieve higher out of stock efficiency and lower operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass combustion field, the biology being combined in particular to a kind of flue gas recirculation and SNCR
Upright combustion device.
Background technology
In recent years, biomass direct combustion power generation technology has obtained rapid development in China, as country is to thermal power plant's environmental protection
It is required that gradually step up, the denitration pressure of operation power plant is continued to increase, but at present still without ripe efficient denitration in the stove
Technology.The biomass direct combustion power generation technology of comparative maturity includes two kinds of recirculating fluidized bed and grate furnace both at home and abroad at present.
The current more grate furnace of domestic application is the BWE type of furnaces from Denmark, and the type of furnace is shown through a large amount of engineering practices
Nitrogen oxides (the NO during biomass burningx) discharge is higher, according to the difference of the nitrogen content of fuel, original NO in stovexGeneration
Amount is in 300mg/Nm3-400mg/Nm3, it is difficult the requirement for meeting national standard by SNCR (SNCR) merely, and give birth to
Material boiler is because dust content is higher and dust alkali metal is excessive, it is impossible to use denitration rate higher but investment and fortune
Row cost also higher SCR system.
Therefore, research and develop inexpensive and efficient denitration in the stove device by be biomass combustion flue gases purification development
Direction.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides the biomass direct-fired dress that a kind of flue gas recirculation and SNCR are combined
Put, described device is included in biomass boiler, stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system, waste heat boiler and flue gas purification system, the stove
Air distribution and denitrating system include primary air system, Secondary Air and after-flame wind system, flue gas recirculation system and SNCR systems, described
Primary air system produces the First air of the feeding biomass boiler, and Secondary Air and the after-flame wind system produces the feeding life
The Secondary Air and burnout degree of material boiler, the flue gas recirculation system by flue gas recycled respectively with the Secondary Air and described
Burnout degree is mixed, and the reducing agent that the SNCR systems are provided sends into the biomass boiler by the burnout degree.
In one example, the reducing agent that the SNCR systems are provided is urea, the SNCR systems include urea storage tank,
Metering screw batcher, urea conveying fan and valve.
In one example, control system of the control system integration of the SNCR systems to the biomass boiler.
In one example, Secondary Air and the after-flame wind system includes Secondary Air blower fan and Secondary Air conveyance conduit, institute
State Secondary Air conveyance conduit and be divided into Secondary Air mixing tube and burnout degree mixing tube, the Secondary Air mixing tube connects the biomass
The front wall overfire air port of boiler and rear wall overfire air port, the burnout degree mixing tube connect the front wall of the biomass boiler
Fire air nozzle and rear wall fire air nozzle.
In one example, the front wall fire air nozzle of the biomass boiler and the vertical range of front wall overfire air port
For 2m-3m, the rear wall fire air nozzle of the biomass boiler and the vertical range of rear wall overfire air port are 2m-3m.
In one example, the nozzlend of the front wall fire air nozzle of the biomass boiler and rear wall fire air nozzle
Alignd with the lower edge of nozzle main pipe.
In one example, the flue gas recycled is drawn from the end outlet of the flue gas purification system.
In one example, the flue gas purification system includes desulfurizing tower and deduster.
In one example, the primary air system by the First air blower fan that is separately provided to positioned at biomass pot
Some First air wind cabins supply First air below the fire grate of stove, the air quantity of each First air wind cabin is individually adjusted.
In one example, the excess air coefficient during biomass boiler operation is 1.2-1.3.
According to the present invention, SNCR systems are used as denitrification reducing agent using urea, it is possible to achieve higher out of stock efficiency and more
Low operating cost.
Brief description of the drawings
The drawings below of the present invention is used to understand the present invention in this as the part of the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this hair
Bright embodiment and its description, for explaining the principle of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the biomass direct-fired device being combined according to the flue gas recirculation and SNCR of exemplary embodiment of the present
Schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details are given to provide more thorough understanding of the invention.So
And, it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention can be able to without one or more of these details
Implement.In other examples, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, do not enter for some technical characteristics well known in the art
Row description.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed method and step and/or structure will be proposed in following description.Obviously,
The execution of the present invention is not limited to specific details appreciated by those skilled in the art.Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is detailed
It is described as follows, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention can also have other embodiment.
It should be appreciated that the present invention can be implemented in different forms, and it should not be construed as being limited to what is proposed here
Embodiment.On the contrary, providing these embodiments disclosure will be made thoroughly and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to
Those skilled in the art.In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the size and relative size in Ceng He areas may be exaggerated.From beginning to end
Same reference numerals represent identical element.
It should be appreciated that when using term "comprising" and/or " comprising " in this manual, it is indicated in the presence of described
Feature, entirety, step, operation, element and/or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of other one or more features, entirety,
Step, operation, element, component and/or combinations thereof." one " of singulative, " one " and " described/should " be also intended to include
Plural form, unless context is expressly noted that other mode.
Existing biomass layer combustion boiler is typically no to attach projected depth denitrating system and without reserved SNCR systems
Installing space, such as the water-cooling vibration furnace grate biomass boiler from Denmark BWE, therefore NO in stovexGrowing amount is general higher, gives
Gas cleaning brings higher challenge, using being often still difficult to meet national standard after the SNCR systems of late design in stove
Emission request.The present invention is to consider denitration in the stove system in the biomass boiler chamber design stage, in chamber design
Coupling flue gas recirculation realizes preliminary denitration in stove, and then the SNCR systems Jing Guo unique design are realized in further stove and taken off
Nitre.
The existing general independent design SNCR of biomass layer combustion boiler and spraying system, are sprayed reductant into by compressed air
Burner hearth, because air supply is little and the more difficult design of spray gun, so mixed effect of the reducing agent in stove be not good enough always, leads
The denitration efficiency of cause SNCR systems is difficult to improve and spraying system fault rate is higher.The present invention propose it is a kind of by SNCR systems with
The thinking of burnout degree coupling, using urea as denitrification reducing agent, not only solves the injection problem of reducing agent, reduces system and answers
Polygamy and operational reliability is improved, and overall denitration efficiency can be improved.
[exemplary embodiment]
Reference picture 1, it illustrates the biology that flue gas recirculation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and SNCR are combined
The schematic diagram of upright combustion device.
As shown in figure 1, the biomass direct-fired device that flue gas recirculation proposed by the present invention and SNCR are combined includes biology
The part such as matter boiler, stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system, waste heat boiler, flue gas purification system, wherein, stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system
Including the part such as primary air system, Secondary Air and after-flame wind system, flue gas recirculation system, SNCR systems.
Biomass boiler 6 is grate furnace, as shown in feedstock direction 4, and biomass material (such as stalk, wood chip) is from biology
The left side of matter boiler 6 is fed, and accumulation forms the bed of material 1, the lime-ash produced after biomass material burning on the fire grate of biomass boiler 6
Discharged from the cinder notch 5 that falls on the right side of biomass boiler 6.The flue gas that produces is from the top of biomass boiler 6 after biomass material burning
Enter waste heat boiler 17 after exhaust outlet discharge, by the heat of the recovered flue gas of waste heat boiler 17 and produce superheated steam.From waste heat
The flue gas that boiler 17 is discharged enters flue gas purification system, exemplarily, and flue gas purification system includes desulfurizing tower 18 and deduster 19,
The sour gas such as hydrogen chloride, the sulfur dioxide in flue gas are removed by desulfurizing tower 18, flying in flue gas is removed by deduster 19
The particulate matters such as ash.The low-temperature flue gas discharged from deduster 19 is partly into flue gas recirculation system, and another part passes through air inducing
Machine 20 is discharged into air after entering chimney 22.
Primary air system is supplied by the First air blower fan being separately provided to some First air wind cabins 2 below fire grate
First air 3, is that the bed of material 1 on fire grate provides combustion air.Preferably, the air quantity of each First air wind cabin 2 can be adjusted individually
Section.
Secondary Air and after-flame wind system include Secondary Air blower fan 7 and Secondary Air conveyance conduit.The Secondary Air wind being separately provided
Machine 7 extracts normal temperature air and originated as the air quantity of Secondary Air, and Secondary Air is divided into two strands in downstream：Secondary Air and burnout degree, two strands
The proportioning of air quantity can be adjusted freely by valve, correspondingly, and Secondary Air conveyance conduit is divided into Secondary Air mixing tube 13 and after-flame
Wind mixing tube 12, Secondary Air mixing tube 13 connects the front wall overfire air port 8 and rear wall overfire air port 9 of biomass boiler 6, combustion
Wind mixing tube 12 connects the front wall fire air nozzle 10 and rear wall fire air nozzle 11 of biomass boiler 6 to the greatest extent.
Flue gas recycled in flue gas recirculation system is drawn from the end outlet of flue gas purification system, exemplarily, example
Such as the flue of the exhaust outlet and the air inlet of air-introduced machine 20 of the connection deduster 19 in Fig. 1, now flue-gas temperature is relatively low
(120 DEG C -130 DEG C) and dustiness is less, beneficial to conveying and use, and influences smaller to overall air and gas system.Recycling
Flue gas is delivered near burner hearth by circulating fan 21 is divided into two strands, respectively in Secondary Air mixing tube 13 with secondary air flow mixing and
Blended in burnout degree mixing tube 12 with burnout degree, front wall overfire air port 8, rear wall then respectively from biomass boiler 6 is secondary
Wind snout 9, front wall fire air nozzle 10, rear wall fire air nozzle 11 feeding burner hearth.Flue gas recycled can reduce highest in stove
Temperature and mean temperature, and in-furnace temperature is evenly distributed, and then NO in stove can be reducedxGeneration, not follow-up SNCR's
Using creating conditions.
SNCR systems include the parts such as urea storage tank 14, metering screw batcher 15, urea conveying fan 16, valve, its
In, urea storage tank 14 is used to store urea granules, the urea conveyed by the material toggling of metering screw batcher 15, urea conveying fan 16
Particle is directly entered burnout degree mixing tube 12, is then carried along into burner hearth by burnout degree conveying, realizes blending and removing in stove
NOx.To reach preferably burning and pollutant removing effect and meeting the temperature window that SNCR systems are used, fire air nozzle and
The vertical range of overfire air port should be maintained between 2m-3m, i.e. the front wall fire air nozzle 10 of biomass boiler 6 and front wall two
The vertical range of secondary wind snout 8 should be maintained between 2m-3m, and the rear wall fire air nozzle 11 of biomass boiler 6 and rear wall are secondary
The vertical range of wind snout 9 should be maintained between 2m-3m.The front wall fire air nozzle 10 of biomass boiler 6 and rear wall burnout degree
The nozzlend of spout 11 aligns with the lower edge of nozzle main pipe, to prevent urea granules from being deposited in main pipe.Urea conveys wind
The suction opeing of machine 16 needs to keep dry state, to prevent the caking of urea granules.The control system integration of SNCR systems is to pot
The control system (DCS) of stove, by operator control, when unit load is constant, urea usage amount need not typically change.
The reducing agent (urea granules) that SNCR systems are provided coordinates with the flue gas recycled that flue gas recirculation system is provided could be jointly real
Now optimal reaction efficiency.
Due to there is the participation of flue gas recycled, excess air coefficient can be substantially reduced when boiler is normally run, from tradition
The 1.4-1.6 of burning is down to 1.2-1.3.First air excess air coefficient can be controlled between 0.75-0.85, fired according to fuel
Burning degree is adjusted, from the bed of material 1 separate out combustion product gases still contain substantial amounts of fuel gas, flow at overfire air port with
Secondary Air is mixed, and the air and flue gas recycled now added makes total excess air coefficient rise to 1-1.05, it is ensured that big absolutely
Part combustible after-flame, and use by flue gas recycled makes flue-gas temperature be evenly distributed with nozzle design.On flue gas continues
Row 2m~3m, reaches fire air nozzle and is mixed with burnout degree, and high speed burnout degree ensures most combustible after-flames, and
While carrying out blending with flue gas denitration reaction occurs for the SNCR reducing agents (urea powder) carried via burnout degree, reaches biomass
Integral combustion and denitration in the stove process are completed during exhaust outlet (flue outlet) on the top of boiler 6.
The biomass direct-fired device that flue gas recirculation proposed by the present invention and SNCR are combined has the characteristics that：
(1) preliminary denitration is carried out to nitrogen oxides in stove using unique flue gas recirculation system, and makes in-furnace temperature point
Cloth is uniform, and denitration rate can be realized>35%；
(2) unique SNCR systems are used and after-flame wind system is coupled into, it is not necessary to is separately provided SNCR spray guns, borrows
Help burnout degree to realize mixing in more uniform stove, reduce the complexity of SNCR systems and improve reaction efficiency,
The denitration rate of the SNCR systems can be with>40%；
(3) denitrfying agent of SNCR systems uses urea granules, and particle diameter is less than 5mm, using metering screw batcher feed and
Urea conveying fan is conveyed, and urea will remain particle shape in the after-flame wind pipeline of low temperature, and urea is due to without quick-fried
Fried characteristic can keep the higher practicality of the system；
(4) as a result of flue gas recycled, excess air coefficient can be from traditional 1.4- when biomass boiler is run
1.6 are reduced to 1.2-1.3 or so, greatly reduce give, the air quantity of air-introduced machine, in addition the flue-gas temperature in burnout degree region can control
System is just met for the temperature window that the denitrfying agent of SNCR systems is sprayed into below 950 DEG C.
The biomass direct-fired device that flue gas recirculation proposed by the present invention and SNCR are combined has advantages below：
(1) flue gas recirculation system is used, furnace flame temperature is reduced and makes uniformity of temperature profile, therefore can be tentatively real
Existing denitration in the stove, and provide flue-gas temperature window and good hybird environment for SNCR systems.What flue gas recirculation system was provided
Flue gas recycled can reduce the demand to combustion air, and excess air coefficient sky excessively can be from when biomass boiler is run
1.4-1.6 is reduced to 1.2-1.3, reduce give, the operating cost of air-introduced machine；
(2) using the SNCR systems of particular design, reducing agent uses urea granules, and SNCR systems are fed using metering screw
Machine is fed and urea conveying fan conveys reducing agent, reducing agent then is sent into burner hearth by burnout degree, it is possible to achieve SNCR systems
The simplification of system, it is to avoid the uses of SNCR spray guns, reduces investment cost and repair and maintenance cost；
(3) coupled using the SNCR systems and flue gas recirculation system of particular design, it is possible to achieve in dual stove
Denitration function, and mutually promote, designed stove inner air-distributing system can also improve reaction efficiency, therefore can realize depth
Denitration in the stove, can be avoided using expensive SCR system.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
Citing and the purpose of explanation, and be not intended to limit the invention in described scope of embodiments.In addition people in the art
Member according to the teachings of the present invention it is understood that the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, can also make more kinds of
Variants and modifications, these variants and modifications are all fallen within scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (10)
1. the biomass direct-fired device that a kind of flue gas recirculation and SNCR are combined, it is characterised in that described device includes biology
Matter boiler, stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system, waste heat boiler and flue gas purification system, the stove inner air-distributing and denitrating system include one
Secondary wind system, Secondary Air and after-flame wind system, flue gas recirculation system and SNCR systems, the primary air system produce feeding institute
The First air of biomass boiler is stated, Secondary Air and the after-flame wind system produces Secondary Air and the combustion of the feeding biomass boiler
Most wind, the flue gas recirculation system mixes flue gas recycled with the Secondary Air and the burnout degree respectively, the SNCR
The reducing agent that system is provided sends into the biomass boiler by the burnout degree.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reducing agent that the SNCR systems are provided is urea, described
SNCR systems include urea storage tank, metering screw batcher, urea conveying fan and valve.
3. device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the control system integration of the SNCR systems is described in
The control system of biomass boiler.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Secondary Air and the after-flame wind system includes Secondary Air blower fan
With Secondary Air conveyance conduit, the Secondary Air conveyance conduit is divided into Secondary Air mixing tube and burnout degree mixing tube, the Secondary Air
Mixing tube connects the front wall overfire air port and rear wall overfire air port of the biomass boiler, the burnout degree mixing tube connection
The front wall fire air nozzle of the biomass boiler and rear wall fire air nozzle.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the front wall fire air nozzle and front wall of the biomass boiler
The vertical range of overfire air port is 2m-3m, the rear wall fire air nozzle of the biomass boiler and rear wall overfire air port
Vertical range is 2m-3m.
6. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the front wall fire air nozzle and rear wall of the biomass boiler
The nozzlend of fire air nozzle aligns with the lower edge of nozzle main pipe.
7. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flue gas recycled is drawn from the flue gas purification system
End outlet.
8. the device according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that the flue gas purification system includes desulfurizing tower and dedusting
Device.
9. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the primary air system passes through the First air wind that is separately provided
Machine supplies First air, each First air wind cabin to some First air wind cabins below the fire grate positioned at the biomass boiler
Air quantity individually adjust.
10. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the excess air coefficient during biomass boiler operation
For 1.2-1.3.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107754587A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of flue gas recirculation denitrification apparatus in grate firing boiler |
| CN108201784A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-26 | 陕西大秦环境科技有限公司 | A kind of grate-type biomass power plant boiler flue gas purification tapping equipment and its method |
| CN108592041A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of air distribution device and waste incinerator of flue gas |
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| CN110564429A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-13 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | System and method for preparing activated carbon tail gas coupled biomass direct-fired denitration |
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| CN110657439A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-07 | 光大绿色环保管理（深圳）有限公司 | Flue gas recirculation device for separating primary air and secondary air |
| CN111602003A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-08-28 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Fluidized bed furnace and method for operating the same |
| CN112902627A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-04 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Pulverized coal boiler direct-fired biomass drying system and drying method |
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| CN112902627A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-04 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Pulverized coal boiler direct-fired biomass drying system and drying method |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |