CN103070686A - Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors Download PDFInfo
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- CN103070686A CN103070686A CN2012105705029A CN201210570502A CN103070686A CN 103070686 A CN103070686 A CN 103070686A CN 2012105705029 A CN2012105705029 A CN 2012105705029A CN 201210570502 A CN201210570502 A CN 201210570502A CN 103070686 A CN103070686 A CN 103070686A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F7/00—Volume-flow measuring devices with two or more measuring ranges; Compound meters
- G01F7/005—Volume-flow measuring devices with two or more measuring ranges; Compound meters by measuring pressure or differential pressure, created by the use of flow constriction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring a human body breathing mechanics parameter on the basis of double differential-pressure sensors. The device comprises a tubular throttling device, a first pressure difference sensor, a second pressure difference sensor, two amplification circuits and two filtering circuits, wherein a pore plate in the throttling device is designed in a porous mode; the first pressure difference sensor belongs to a big-range sensor which can be used for measuring high-flow-rate gas; the second pressure difference sensor has the advantages of small range, high resolution and small zero drift and is mainly used for measuring low-flow-rate gas; the two sensors are both bidirectional pressure difference sensors; the A/D module of a microprocessor is used for simultaneously processing the output signals of the two sensors; and according to the collected pressure difference signal value, an effective acquisition signal is judged. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, big range, high precision and small pressure loss, in addition, the internal diameters of the throttling device are completely consistent, and the defect of sensitivity difference during bidirectional measurement is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of human body respiration flow and relevant breathing mechanics parameters, relate in particular to the apparatus and method of utilizing throttle differential flowmeter to measure human body respiration mechanics relevant parameter.
Background technology
Spirometer is the core component of portable lung function instrument, and its critical component is gas flow sensor.It is rotary that the spirometer of commonly using at present mainly is divided into differential pressure type, hot wire type and eddy current according to sensor type.The easy loss of hot wire type spirometer, the shortcoming such as large affected by environment.The rotary spirometer of eddy current is used in low flow velocity, small-bore situation and is restricted.Throttling differential pressure type spirometer is because it is simple in structure, firm, be easy to copy, and the operating period limit for length is cheap, still is widely used at present.
Throttling differential pressure type spirometer is based on mass conservation law and law of conservation of energy.When the throttling element of measured gas flow in pipeline, flow velocity forms local contraction at the throttling element place, thereby flow velocity increases, static pressure reduces, so produce pressure reduction at throttling element, gas flow rate is larger, pressure reduction is larger, obtain for same gas according to mass conservation law and law of conservation of energy (bernoulli equation), there are following relation in flow velocity and pressure reduction:
(flow velocity)
2=C* Δ P
Wherein, Δ P is the pressure drop of a pair of pressure port of differential pressure pick-up measurement, and for each unique flow sensor geometry, C is unique.
The lung function instrument of association of U.S. division of chest disease suggestion is measured and breathed flow rates is 0～14L/s, and resolution can reach below the 30mL/s.Concern as can be known that in conjunction with flow velocity and pressure drop Δ P if only select a differential pressure pick-up to measure Δ P, this differential pressure pick-up not only needs very wide range, and needs very low resolution, such differential pressure pick-up cost is very expensive.The shortcomings such as in addition, traditional throttle type differential pressure spirometer also exists the pressure loss large, and range ratio is narrow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides the apparatus and method that a kind of low cost, certainty of measurement height can be used for measuring human breathing mechanics parameters, with solve existing throttle differential flowmeter measure narrow, the pressure loss large and the high problem of high precision flow cost.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of device based on double differential pressure sensors measurement human breathing mechanics parameters comprises throttling arrangement in a tubular form, two differential pressure pick-ups, two amplifying circuits, two filter circuits, microprocessor, memory module, display module, control module and power modules.Throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body, is equipped with an orifice plate that has several holes in the inwall of body, and the pressure port of two pairs of symmetries is arranged between body shell and the inwall, and every pair of pressure port lays respectively at the both sides of orifice plate, and two pairs of relative orifice plates of pressure port are symmetrical.Every pair of pressure port connects a two-way differential pressure pick-up, wherein the first differential pressure pick-up is a large amount of differential pressure pick-ups, the main high flow rate gas of measuring, the second differential pressure pick-up is the small-range differential pressure pick-up, can measure low flow rate of gas, the overvoltage capabilities of the second differential pressure pick-up is greater than the range of the first differential pressure pick-up.The first differential pressure pick-up output signal connects microprocessor analog input mouth at last through amplifying circuit, second-order filter circuit; The second differential pressure pick-up output signal connects the microprocessor analog input end at last through amplifying circuit, second-order filter circuit; Microprocessor also is connected with control module, memory module, display module.Microprocessor is judged effective collection value according to the differential pressure value of two differential pressure pick-up collections, and processor can also be saved in memory module with the data that gather, and also the result after processing can be displayed by display module.
Large in order to overcome the loss of traditional orifice plate permanent compression, eddy current brings the shortcomings such as the large and range ratio of noise is narrow, and what the orifice plate of gas flowmeter of the present invention adopted is the mode of porous, and plane, orifice plate place is vertically divided on the plane that the two pairs of pressure ports consist of equally.In addition, the caliber of orifice plate both sides is consistent, avoids the problem that causes sensitivity there are differences owing to bidirectional measurement.
A kind of method of the measurement human breathing mechanics parameters based on the described device of claim 1, in respiratory, the first differential pressure pick-up, the second differential pressure pick-up synchronous acquisition, microprocessor program curing automatic decision in particular moment with the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups after at this moment process amplification of microprocessor processes, the filtering is with A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20As two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module sends acquisition to microprocessor, and human body respiration detects beginning; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up is connected to the microprocessor analog input end through amplifying circuit, filter circuit, obtains respectively ADC after the A/D conversion
1, ADC
2
(3) the microprocessor internal program curing is according to result ADC in the step (2)
2Size is judged effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2Reach the ADC value ADC of setting
LevThe time, i.e. ADC
2＜ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2Be virtual value; Work as ADC
2Surpass the ADC value ADC that sets
LevThe time, i.e. ADC
2〉=ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1Be virtual value, wherein ADC
LevCorresponding differential pressure value is less than the second sensor maximum range;
(4) microprocessor is converted into differential pressure value Δ P according to the effective ADC value that obtains according to step (1) obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and the step (3), and P draws out flow velocity-volume curve by the differential pressure value Δ, calculates the mechanics of breathing relevant parameter.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
On the differential pressure flowmeter principle of standard, adopt two differential pressure pick-ups to measure simultaneously pressure drop Δ P.Because plane, two pairs of pressure port places upright opening board plane, and symmetrical between two pressure ports, the first differential pressure pick-up is consistent with the second differential pressure pick-up response time, thereby the pressure reduction that synchronization the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up are measured should equate, i.e. Δ P
1=Δ P
2=Δ P.By the relation of gas flow rate and pressure drop Δ P as can be known, in low flow velocity section, Δ P certainty of measurement is maximum to airflow influence.The Δ P of low flow velocity section is measured by the second differential pressure pick-up, and the second transducer range is little, and resolution is high, especially still preferably precision can be arranged in low flow velocity section; Reach the differential pressure Δ P of setting as Δ P
Lev(Δ P
LevLess than the second sensor maximum range) time, this moment, spirometric microprocessor switched to the first differential pressure pick-up with acquisition channel, although the first differential pressure pick-up precision does not have the second differential pressure pick-up high, but wide range has guaranteed maximum measurement flow rate, in addition by the relation of the differential pressure between flow velocity and the Δ P as can be known, in the high flow velocities section, Δ P certainty of measurement will be much smaller than low flow velocity section on the impact of flow velocity.The differential pressure signal of telecommunication that two differential pressure pick-ups are measured can obtain the gas flow rate of current point in time through spirometric microprocessor processes.Therefore, the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up measurement in a closed series gas flow rate had both guaranteed maximum measurement flow rate, had also realized the high-acruracy survey of gas flow rate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, throttling arrangement geometry standard, structure is simple especially, and cost is low;
2, built-in orifice plate adopts the design of porous, reduced standard orifice plate and caused the large impact of the pressure loss, and orifice plate left and right sides passage interior diameter is consistent, has the defective of sensitivity difference when having eliminated bidirectional measurement;
3, adopt two differential pressure pick-ups to gather simultaneously differential pressure signal, microprocessor is judged effective acquired signal according to the differential pressure value of two differential pressure pick-up collections, has realized the high-acruracy survey gas flow rate on basis cheaply.
Description of drawings
Apparatus of the present invention embodiment is illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the device sketch map that double differential pressure sensors is measured human breathing mechanics parameters.
Fig. 2 is the AND DEWATERING FOR ORIFICE STRUCTURE figure of throttling arrangement among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that apparatus of the present invention are obtained the useful signal method flow diagram.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment:
Such as Fig. 1, a kind ofly measure the device of human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors, consisted of by in a tubular form throttling arrangement, two differential pressure pick- ups 13 and 14, two amplifying circuits 20 and 30, two filter circuits 40 and 50, microprocessor 100, display module 60, memory module 70, control module 80 and power module 90.Throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body 17, and the inwall 18 of body 17 is definitely smooth, and there is an orifice plate 15 body 17 inside, and the internal diameter of the pipeline of orifice plate about 15 is in full accord, and orifice plate 15 adopts the mode of porous; The pressure port 11,11 ', 12,12 ' that two pairs of symmetries are arranged between body 17 and the inwall 18, the two pairs of pressure ports 11,11 ', 12,12 ' are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of orifice plate 15; Pressure port 11 connects the low pressure input port of the first differential pressure pick-up 13, and pressure port 11 ' connects the high pressure feed of the first differential pressure pick-up 13; Pressure port 12 connects the second differential pressure pick-up 14 low pressure input ports, and pressure port 12 ' connects the second differential pressure pick-up 14 high pressure feeds; The first differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, can measure high flow rate gas; The second differential pressure range is little, resolution is high, null offset is little, and main the measurement hanged down flow rate of gas, and its overvoltage capabilities is higher than the range of the first differential pressure pick-up 13; The first differential pressure pick-up 13 and the second differential pressure pick-up 14 are bilateral transducer, and response time is consistent; Two differential pressure pick-ups gather simultaneously differential pressure signal and are delivered to microprocessor 100 analog input ends through amplifying circuit 20 and 30, filter circuit 40 and 50, microprocessor 100 is processed the signal that two differential pressure pick-ups gather simultaneously, and gathers the effective acquired signal of differential pressure value size judgement according to the two-way after the A/D conversion.
Fig. 2 is orifice plate 15 structure charts of throttling arrangement among Fig. 1.The maximum gauge hole is positioned at the orifice plate centre in the orifice plate 15, and all the other apertures are symmetrically distributed in around the macropore, and the vertical orifice plate 15 of dividing equally with plane, 12 place of pressure port 11.
Diagram 3 is obtained the useful signal method flow diagram for apparatus of the present invention.The first differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, for detection of respiratory high speed section gas flow rate; The second differential pressure pick-up 14 ranges are little, resolution is high, null offset is little, for detection of the gas velocity of low speed segment in the respiratory.Two sensor response times are consistent, in respiratory, two sensor synchronous acquisition, microprocessor 100 program curing automatic decisions in particular moment with the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, microprocessor 100 is processed this moment through the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups after amplification, the filtering, with A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20As two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module 80 sends acquisition to microprocessor 100, and human body respiration detects beginning; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up 13 and the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up 14 is connected to microprocessor 100 analog input ends through amplifying circuit, filter circuit, obtains respectively ADC after the A/D conversion
1, ADC
2
(3) microprocessor 100 inside solidification programs are according to result ADC in the step (2)
2Size is judged effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2Reach the ADC value ADC of setting
Lev(ADC
LevCorresponding differential pressure signal value should be less than the second sensor maximum range) time, i.e. ADC
2＜ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2Be virtual value; Work as ADC
2Surpass the ADC value ADC that sets
Lev(ADC
LevCorresponding differential pressure signal value should be less than the second sensor maximum range) time, i.e. ADC
2〉=ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1Be virtual value;
(4) microprocessor 100 is converted into differential pressure signal value Δ P according to the effective ADC value that obtains according to step (1) obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and the step (3), P draws out flow velocity-volume curve by differential pressure signal value Δ, calculates the mechanics of breathing relevant parameter.
ADC wherein
LevBe preset value, ADC
LevSize depend on range and the precision of the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up.
The gas flow rate method of obtaining of the present invention is by means of the differential pressure pick-up that is installed in two different ranges on the throttling arrangement, the first differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, can measure high flow rate gas, the second differential pressure pick-up 14 ranges are little, resolution is high, null offset is little, the main measurement hanged down flow rate of gas, and the A/D module of microprocessor 100 is processed the output signal of two sensors simultaneously, judges effective acquired signal according to the differential pressure value that gathers.Facts have proved, two kinds of differential pressure pick-ups effective in conjunction with successful realization accomplish the relevant parameter of high-acruracy survey human body respiration mechanics on basis cheaply.
Claims (4)
1. device of measuring human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors, it is characterized in that: include throttling arrangement in a tubular form, throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body (17), be equipped with an orifice plate (15) that has several holes in the inwall (18) of body (17), the pressure port (11 that two pairs of symmetries are arranged between body (17) and the inwall (18), 11 ') (12,12 '), two pairs of pressure ports (11,11 ') (12,12 ') be symmetrically distributed in the both sides of orifice plate (15), and two pairs of pressure ports (11,11 ') orifice plate is vertically divided on (12,12 ') plane, place equally; Pressure port (11) connects the low pressure input port of the first differential pressure pick-up (13), and pressure port (11 ') connects the high pressure feed of the first differential pressure pick-up (13); Pressure port (12) connects the second differential pressure pick-up (14) low pressure input port, and pressure port (12 ') connects the second differential pressure pick-up (14) high pressure feed; Described the first differential pressure pick-up (13) output signal connects microprocessor (100) analog input mouth at last through amplifying circuit (20), second-order filter circuit (40); The second differential pressure pick-up (14) output signal connects microprocessor (100) analog input end at last through amplifying circuit (30), second-order filter circuit (50); Microprocessor (100) also is connected with control module (80), memory module (70), display module (60).
2. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly measure the device of human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors, it is characterized in that: described the first differential pressure pick-up (13) and the second differential pressure pick-up (14) are bilateral transducer; The first differential pressure pick-up (13) belongs to sensors of large measurement range, for detection of respiratory high speed section gas flow rate; The second differential pressure pick-up (14) belongs to the small-range sensor, for detection of the gas velocity of low speed segment in the respiratory.
3. a kind of device of measuring human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also include power module (90), power module (90) is the first differential pressure pick-up (13), the second differential pressure pick-up (14) and the power supply of each circuit module.
4. method based on the measurement human breathing mechanics parameters of the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in respiratory, the first differential pressure pick-up (13), the second differential pressure pick-up (14) synchronous acquisition, microprocessor (100) program curing automatic decision in particular moment with the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, microprocessor (100) are processed this moment through the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups after amplification, the filtering, with A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20As two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module (80) sends acquisition to microprocessor (100), and human body respiration detects beginning; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up (13) and the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up (14) is connected to microprocessor (100) analog input end through amplifying circuit, filter circuit, obtains respectively ADC after the A/D conversion
1, ADC
2
(3) microprocessor (100) inside solidification program is according to result ADC in the step (2)
2Size is judged effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2Reach the ADC value ADC of setting
LevThe time, i.e. ADC
2＜ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2Be virtual value; Work as ADC
2Surpass the ADC value ADC that sets
LevThe time, i.e. ADC
2〉=ADC
LevThe time, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1Be virtual value, wherein ADC
LevCorresponding differential pressure value is less than the second sensor maximum range;
(4) microprocessor (100) is converted into differential pressure value Δ P according to the effective ADC value that obtains according to step (1) obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and the step (3), P draws out flow velocity-volume curve by the differential pressure value Δ, calculates the mechanics of breathing relevant parameter.
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| CN104696118A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 大陆汽车系统公司 | Sensor structure for evap hydrocarbon concentration and flow rate |
| KR101703971B1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-02-07 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | Portable bidirectional spirometer apparatus and method thereof |
| CN108577845A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Throttling element, differential pressure type lung function parameter monitoring device and flow determine method |
| CN110186523A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-08-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Differential pressure flowmeter measures liquid dynamic flow method |
| CN111351532A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-06-30 | 南京润楠医疗电子研究院有限公司 | Bidirectional double-pressure-difference type respiratory flow detection sensing device and method |
| CN111896770A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所九江分部 | Processing circuit suitable for measuring flow velocity based on differential pressure principle |
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| CN104696118A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 大陆汽车系统公司 | Sensor structure for evap hydrocarbon concentration and flow rate |
| KR101703971B1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-02-07 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | Portable bidirectional spirometer apparatus and method thereof |
| US11154218B2 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2021-10-26 | Zhejiang E-Linkcare Meditech Co., Ltd | Flow sensor and method for preventing cross-infection and application thereof |
| CN108577845B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2021-04-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Throttling element, differential pressure type lung function parameter monitoring device and flow determining method |
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| CN111351532A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-06-30 | 南京润楠医疗电子研究院有限公司 | Bidirectional double-pressure-difference type respiratory flow detection sensing device and method |
| WO2021218133A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | 南京润楠医疗电子研究院有限公司 | Bidirectional double-differential-pressure respiratory flow detection and sensing apparatus and method |
| CN111351532B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2022-03-18 | 南京润楠医疗电子研究院有限公司 | Bidirectional double-pressure-difference type respiratory flow detection sensing device and method |
| CN111896770A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所九江分部 | Processing circuit suitable for measuring flow velocity based on differential pressure principle |
| CN113082406A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-07-09 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Serial port screen-based respiration ring display system and method |
| CN113082406B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-07-15 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Serial port screen-based respiration ring display system and method |
| CN114271809A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-05 | 知心健(南京)科技有限公司 | Manual calibration method and system for human body respiratory flow test |
| WO2024052656A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-14 | Arete Medical Technologies Ltd | Pitot tube for measuring high and low respiratory flow rates |
| CN117503107A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-02-06 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Method and device for measuring bovine respiratory frequency based on differential pressure sensor |
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