CN117503107A - Method and device for measuring bovine respiratory frequency based on differential pressure sensor - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring bovine respiratory frequency based on differential pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring bovine respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor, wherein the device comprises a data acquisition module, a data conversion transmission module and a respiratory rate calculation module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring cow respiration signals based on a differential pressure sensor; the data conversion transmission module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and carrying out filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal; the respiratory frequency calculation module is used for calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signals after filtering and denoising. The method is used for monitoring the respiration frequency change rule of the dairy cows under different environmental conditions for a long time, and further provides data support for early warning of heat stress of the dairy cows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent cattle breeding, and particularly relates to a method and a device for measuring cattle respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor.
Background
The heat stress influences the physiology, behavior and production performance of the cattle, so that the yield is reduced, the mating pregnancy rate is reduced, and death is caused when the mating pregnancy rate is serious, so that huge economic loss is caused, and the overall benefit and the healthy development are seriously restricted. The respiration rate of cattle is one of the important physiological indicators currently studied to evaluate Niu Re stress, and it is believed that the increase in respiration rate is to help cattle dissipate more calories.
The current method for measuring the respiratory rate of the cattle mainly comprises the step of observing the fluctuation of the abdomen of the cattle by naked eyes, and the method has the problems of time and labor waste and can not realize continuous measurement for a long time. Furthermore, the presence of a person may affect the respiration state of the cow and may confuse the measurement results. The differential pressure sensor is generally used for measuring the pressure difference between the front end and the rear end of a certain device or component, and is used for measuring the pressure difference between the front end and the rear end of a small pipeline through which air flows when the cattle breathe, so that the respiratory cycle of the cattle can be intuitively judged, and the cattle is not influenced by the surrounding environment, and therefore, the continuous, uninterrupted and accurate monitoring of the respiratory frequency of the cattle can be realized under the unmanned condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a measuring method and device for the bovine respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor, which are used for monitoring the respiratory rate change rule of a cow under different environmental conditions for a long time so as to provide data support for Niu Re stress early warning.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a measuring method of cow respiratory frequency based on a differential pressure sensor comprises the following steps:
s1: based on a differential pressure sensor, collecting a cow respiration signal;
s2: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and performing filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
s3: and calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signal after filtering and denoising.
The invention also provides a measuring device of the cow respiratory rate based on the differential pressure sensor, which is used for realizing the measuring method and comprises a data acquisition module, a data conversion transmission module and a respiratory rate calculation module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring cow respiration signals based on a differential pressure sensor;
the data conversion transmission module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and carrying out filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
the respiratory frequency calculation module is used for calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signals after filtering and denoising.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a medical silicon tube, a differential pressure sensor and a battery;
the front end of the medical silicon tube is arranged at the nostril of the cow, and the rear end of the medical silicon tube is connected with the pressure difference sensor and is used for measuring the positive pressure difference and the negative pressure difference of the cow during exhalation and inhalation;
the battery is used for supplying power to the differential pressure sensor.
Preferably, the data conversion and transmission module comprises a sampling unit, a quantization unit, a coding unit and a denoising unit;
the sampling unit is used for sampling the sample value of the respiratory signal based on a preset time interval;
the quantization unit is used for converting the sample value into a digital value to finish sample value quantization;
the encoding unit is used for binary encoding the quantized sample value to obtain the digital signal;
and the denoising unit is used for filtering and denoising the digital signal based on the microprocessor.
Preferably, the filtering denoising process comprises the following steps:
acquiring signal characteristics of the digital signal, and establishing a frequency domain filter based on the signal characteristics;
performing fast Fourier transform on the digital signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of the digital signal;
performing frequency domain filtering based on the frequency spectrum and the frequency domain filter;
and carrying out inverse fast Fourier transform on the frequency domain filtering result to obtain a digital signal after filtering and denoising.
Preferably, the respiratory rate calculation module comprises a pressure value curve establishment unit, a single respiratory curve acquisition unit, a counting unit and a respiratory rate acquisition unit;
the pressure value curve graph establishing unit is used for establishing a pressure value curve graph based on the filtered and denoised digital signals;
the single-breath curve acquisition unit is used for acquiring a single-breath curve of the cow based on the pressure value curve graph;
the counting unit is used for counting the repetition times of the single breathing curve in preset time;
the respiratory rate acquisition unit is used for acquiring the respiratory rate based on the repetition times.
Preferably, the system also comprises an alarm module for alarming abnormal respiration frequency of the cattle;
the alarm module comprises an abnormality detection unit and an alarm unit;
the abnormality detection unit is used for analyzing the breathing frequency of all cattle based on an improved clustering algorithm and carrying out breathing frequency abnormality detection;
and the alarm unit is used for carrying out abnormality alarm based on the abnormality detection result.
Preferably, the improvement process of the clustering algorithm is as follows:
acquiring a bovine abnormal respiratory rate dataset based on the existing data;
constructing a cluster set based on the respiratory rate; stopping calculation when the clustered mode is smaller than a preset value;
in the clustering, obtaining a representative point and a distance value, which are closest to each other, between two clusters;
stopping calculation when the distance value is greater than a preset distance, and merging two clusters with the distance value greater than the preset distance to obtain the mass center of the new cluster;
selecting data points meeting preset conditions from the centroid;
and introducing a contraction factor, obtaining the representative point based on the contraction factor and the data point, and updating the cluster set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: based on a differential pressure sensor, collecting a cow respiration signal; performing analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and performing filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal; based on the filtered and denoised digital signal, the respiration rate of the cow is calculated. The invention can intuitively judge one respiratory cycle of the dairy cow by adopting the difference sensor and is not influenced by the surrounding environment, so that the continuous, uninterrupted and accurate monitoring of the respiratory frequency of the dairy cow can be realized under the unmanned condition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement device for bovine respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the respiratory rate measurement nose ring wear of a cow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows pressure values measured by a differential pressure sensor during bovine breathing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
A measuring method of cow respiratory frequency based on a differential pressure sensor comprises the following steps:
s1: based on a differential pressure sensor, collecting a cow respiration signal;
s2: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and performing filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
s3: based on the filtered and denoised digital signal, the respiration rate of the cow is calculated.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention further provides a measurement device for bovine respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor, which is used for realizing the measurement method according to the first embodiment, and comprises a data acquisition module, a data conversion transmission module and a respiratory rate calculation module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring cow respiration signals based on the differential pressure sensor;
a further embodiment is that the data acquisition module (respiratory rate measuring nose ring) comprises a medical silicon tube, a differential pressure sensor and a battery;
the front end of the medical silicon tube is arranged at the nostril of the cow, and the rear end of the medical silicon tube is connected with a differential pressure sensor for measuring the positive and negative pressure difference values of the cow during exhalation and inhalation;
and a battery for powering the differential pressure sensor. The battery is a small battery
The data conversion transmission module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the breathing signal to obtain a digital signal, and carrying out filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
the further implementation mode is that the data conversion transmission module comprises a sampling unit, a quantization unit, a coding unit and a denoising unit;
a sampling unit for sampling the respiratory signal based on a preset time interval;
the quantization unit is used for converting the sample value into a digital value to finish sample value quantization;
the coding unit is used for binary coding the quantized sample values to obtain digital signals;
and the denoising unit is used for filtering and denoising the digital signal based on the microprocessor.
A further embodiment is that the filtering denoising process comprises:
acquiring signal characteristics of a digital signal, and establishing a frequency domain filter based on the signal characteristics; the normalized amplitude-frequency characteristic function of the frequency domain filter is as follows:
x is a function argument, a 1 ～a 6 ，b 1 ～b 6 ，c 1 ～c 6 All are parameters of the amplitude-frequency characteristic function of the frequency domain filter.
Performing fast Fourier transform on the digital signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of the digital signal;
performing frequency domain filtering based on the frequency spectrum and the frequency domain filter;
and carrying out inverse fast Fourier transform on the frequency domain filtering result to obtain a digital signal after filtering and denoising.
And the respiratory frequency calculation module is used for calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signals after the filtering denoising treatment.
A further embodiment is that the respiratory rate calculation module comprises a pressure value curve establishment unit, a single respiratory curve acquisition unit, a counting unit and a respiratory rate acquisition unit;
the pressure value curve graph establishing unit is used for establishing a pressure value curve graph based on the filtered and denoised digital signals; as shown in fig. 3.
The single respiration curve acquisition unit is used for acquiring a bovine single respiration curve based on the pressure value curve graph;
the counting unit is used for counting the repetition times of the single breathing curve in preset time;
and a respiratory rate acquisition unit configured to acquire a respiratory rate based on the repetition number.
The further implementation mode is characterized by further comprising an alarm module used for alarming abnormal respiration frequency of the cattle;
the alarm module comprises an abnormality detection unit and an alarm unit;
the abnormality detection unit is used for analyzing the breathing frequency of all the cattle based on an improved clustering algorithm and detecting the abnormality of the breathing frequency;
a further embodiment is that the clustering algorithm is improved by:
acquiring a bovine abnormal respiratory rate dataset based on the existing data;
constructing a cluster set based on the respiratory rate; stopping calculation when the modulus of the cluster set is smaller than a preset value;
in the clustering, obtaining a representative point and a distance value, which are closest to each other, between two clusters;
stopping calculation when the distance value is greater than the preset distance, and merging two clusters with the distance value greater than the preset distance to obtain the mass center of the new cluster;
selecting data points meeting preset conditions from the mass centers;
and introducing a contraction factor, obtaining a representative point based on the contraction factor and the data point, and updating the cluster set.
Specifically, to realize abnormal detection of bovine respiratory rate, firstly, normal bovine respiratory rate standard class is to be carried out:
clustering the normal respiration rate data of the cattle, and marking the clusters;
and (3) adopting a standard algorithm to arrange the clusters in a descending order, wherein the number of the normal bovine respiratory rate data clusters is preset to be T because the number of the normal bovine respiratory rate data clusters is larger than that of the abnormal respiratory rate data Shu Lang, stopping calculation until the set of the normal bovine respiratory rate data clusters is an empty set, arranging the clusters obtained before the empty set in the descending order, and marking each cluster in the cluster set as the normal bovine respiratory rate cluster.
Then, abnormal respiratory frequency identification of the cattle is carried out:
based on a hyper-rectangular modeling algorithm, an identification model is established for the cow normal respiratory frequency cluster, wherein the identification model is a set of hyper-rectangles established according to the cow normal respiratory frequency cluster. Specifically, the construction of the hyper-rectangle is based on the data in the cow normal respiratory rate cluster, and the upper and lower boundaries of the hyper-rectangle in each dimension are determined, wherein the upper and lower boundaries pass through the critical factors detected in the cluster by the isolated point data set outside the cluster in the clustering process.
And calculating the normal respiratory rate of the cattle through the identification model to obtain the normal value range of the normal respiratory rate data of the cattle. When the identified bovine respiratory rate data is included in the established hyper-rectangle, the respiratory rate of the head cow is indicated as normal respiratory rate, and if the bovine respiratory rate data is not included in the hyper-rectangle, the respiratory rate of the head cow is judged to be abnormal.
And the alarm unit is used for carrying out abnormality alarm based on the abnormality detection result. Each respiratory rate measurement nose ring is numbered with the numbering rule: the first four digits are the hexadecimal number of the cowshed, the middle four digits are the hexadecimal number of the cow, and the last four digits are the hexadecimal number of the nose ring.
When detecting that the respiratory frequency of the cattle is abnormal, tracing and positioning the abnormal cattle based on the number.
Particularly, the invention also establishes a cattle respiration database, establishes an independent data unit for each cattle, and records respiration data and abnormal condition history records;
based on a cattle respiration database, comprehensively analyzing a cattle respiration curve, and predicting the generation condition and possible abnormality of cattle through respiration frequency; specifically, the time domain characteristics and the frequency domain characteristics of the signals of each cow respiration are obtained, the influence factors influencing the cow respiration frequency are obtained based on the pearson correlation analysis, the principal component analysis is carried out based on the time-frequency characteristic sequences and the influence factors of the cow respiration signals, the analysis results are input into an LSTM coder, the cow respiration frequency prediction results are obtained, the intelligent monitoring of the cow is realized, and the abnormal situation of the cow is restrained in advance by early warning.
Example III
Respiratory rate measurement nose ring product parameters used in example two were:
small size, 40 g weight, cattle within 600 jin;
medium size, 70 g weight, cattle within 1100 jin;
large size, 130 g weight, and application range of cattle within 2000 jin.
Because the nose ring adopted by the invention is a medical silicon tube, the nose ring has lighter weight compared with the existing stainless steel material, does not cause stronger uncomfortable feeling to the cattle, and has simple installation and maintenance processes and low cost.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for measuring the bovine respiratory rate based on the differential pressure sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: based on a differential pressure sensor, collecting a cow respiration signal;
s2: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and performing filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
s3: and calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signal after filtering and denoising.
2. A measuring device of cow respiratory rate based on a differential pressure sensor, which is used for realizing the measuring method of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data conversion transmission module and a respiratory rate calculation module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring cow respiration signals based on a differential pressure sensor;
the data conversion transmission module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the respiratory signal to obtain a digital signal, and carrying out filtering denoising treatment on the digital signal;
the respiratory frequency calculation module is used for calculating the respiratory frequency of the cattle based on the digital signals after filtering and denoising.
3. The differential pressure sensor-based bovine respiratory rate measurement device of claim 2, wherein said data acquisition module comprises a medical silicon tube, a differential pressure sensor and a battery;
the front end of the medical silicon tube is arranged at the nostril of the cow, and the rear end of the medical silicon tube is connected with the pressure difference sensor and is used for measuring the positive pressure difference and the negative pressure difference of the cow during exhalation and inhalation;
the battery is used for supplying power to the differential pressure sensor.
4. The differential pressure sensor-based bovine respiratory rate measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the data conversion transmission module comprises a sampling unit, a quantization unit, a coding unit and a denoising unit;
the sampling unit is used for sampling the sample value of the respiratory signal based on a preset time interval;
the quantization unit is used for converting the sample value into a digital value to finish sample value quantization;
the encoding unit is used for binary encoding the quantized sample value to obtain the digital signal;
and the denoising unit is used for filtering and denoising the digital signal based on the microprocessor.
5. The differential pressure sensor-based bovine respiratory rate measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the filtering denoising process is as follows:
acquiring signal characteristics of the digital signal, and establishing a frequency domain filter based on the signal characteristics;
performing fast Fourier transform on the digital signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of the digital signal;
performing frequency domain filtering based on the frequency spectrum and the frequency domain filter;
and carrying out inverse fast Fourier transform on the frequency domain filtering result to obtain a digital signal after filtering and denoising.
6. The device for measuring bovine respiratory rate based on differential pressure sensor according to claim 4, wherein the respiratory rate calculation module comprises a pressure value graph establishing unit, a single respiratory curve acquiring unit, a counting unit and a respiratory rate acquiring unit;
the pressure value curve graph establishing unit is used for establishing a pressure value curve graph based on the filtered and denoised digital signals;
the single-breath curve acquisition unit is used for acquiring a single-breath curve of the cow based on the pressure value curve graph;
the counting unit is used for counting the repetition times of the single breathing curve in preset time;
the respiratory rate acquisition unit is used for acquiring the respiratory rate based on the repetition times.
7. The differential pressure sensor-based bovine respiratory rate measurement device of claim 2, further comprising an alarm module for alerting of abnormal bovine respiratory rate;
the alarm module comprises an abnormality detection unit and an alarm unit;
the abnormality detection unit is used for analyzing the breathing frequency of all cattle based on an improved clustering algorithm and carrying out breathing frequency abnormality detection;
and the alarm unit is used for carrying out abnormality alarm based on the abnormality detection result.
8. The differential pressure sensor-based bovine respiratory rate measurement device according to claim 7, wherein the clustering algorithm is modified by:
acquiring a bovine abnormal respiratory rate dataset based on the existing data;
constructing a cluster set based on the respiratory rate; stopping calculation when the clustered mode is smaller than a preset value;
in the clustering, obtaining a representative point and a distance value, which are closest to each other, between two clusters;
stopping calculation when the distance value is greater than a preset distance, and merging two clusters with the distance value greater than the preset distance to obtain the mass center of the new cluster;
selecting data points meeting preset conditions from the centroid;
and introducing a contraction factor, obtaining the representative point based on the contraction factor and the data point, and updating the cluster set.
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