CN106949957A - It is a kind of to have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment - Google Patents
It is a kind of to have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106949957A CN106949957A CN201710078417.3A CN201710078417A CN106949957A CN 106949957 A CN106949957 A CN 106949957A CN 201710078417 A CN201710078417 A CN 201710078417A CN 106949957 A CN106949957 A CN 106949957A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/161—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general in systems with fluid flow
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement apparatus for having and flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, for measuring transmission loss and the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field, described device includes：Module occurs for measuring environment, and end is connected with silencer element, for producing noise and flow field；Module occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element, for changing measuring environment to produce measurand；Data collection and analysis module, occur module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected, for obtaining the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field by collection analysis air pressure signal, and transmission loss of the silencer element in flow field is obtained by the sound pressure signal under the different measurands of collection analysis.Compared with prior art, the present invention there is to realize acoustic characteristic measurement of the silencer element under flow fields environment, can be while carrying out transmission loss and the measurement of the pressure loss, measurement efficiency height and measurement accuracy are accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to silencer element performance test field, there is silencer element acoustics under stream environment special more particularly, to one kind
The measurement apparatus of property and flow behavior.
Background technology
With the raising of industrialization degree, noise problem coverage is increasing, and silencer element is used as maximally effective drop
Make an uproar one of means, in the air inlet pipe and blast pipe that are widely used in the equipment such as ventilating system, blower fan, internal combustion engine and air compressor machine.This
There is High Speed Flow Field (average Mach number reaches more than 0.2) in a little pipelines, obvious influence is produced on silencer element acoustic characteristic.
Transmission loss and the pressure loss are to evaluate silencer element acoustic characteristic and the maximally effective index of flow field characteristic respectively, are to be eliminated the noise
Important parameter during element exploitation design.At present, gantry designs both domestic and external are only applicable to the noise elimination under no flow fields environment mostly
Element function measure, and can only independent measurement silencer element transmission loss or the pressure loss, it is impossible to while obtaining both
As a result.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind regarding to the issue above to have silencer element acoustic characteristic and flowing under stream environment special
The measurement apparatus of property.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
It is a kind of to have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, exist for measuring silencer element
Transmission loss and the pressure loss in flow field, described device include：
Module occurs for measuring environment, and end is connected with silencer element, for producing noise and flow field；
Module occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element, for changing measuring environment to produce measurand；
Data collection and analysis module, occurs module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected, for leading to
Cross collection analysis air pressure signal and obtain the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field, and pass through the different measurands of collection analysis
Under sound pressure signal obtain silencer element in flow field transmission loss.
Module, which occurs, for the measuring environment includes：
Body occurs for measuring environment, including the measuring environment communicated occurs main pipe and Zhi Guanti, institute occur for measuring environment
State measuring environment occur main pipe end be connected with silencer element, for by the flow field air-flow and noise transmission needed for measurement extremely
Silencer element；
Flow field generating assembly, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, for producing the flow field gas needed for measuring；
Noise generating assembly, occurs Zhi Guanti with measuring environment respectively and data collection analysis module is connected, for producing
Noise needed for measurement.
The flow field generating assembly includes：
Blower fan, the top for occurring main pipe with measuring environment is connected, for producing the flow field gas needed for measuring；
Mass air flow sensor, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, for recording the sky in measuring environment generation main pipe
Throughput；
Gas flow rate controller, is connected with blower fan and mass air flow sensor respectively, for the record number according to mass air flow sensor
According to the rotating speed of control blower fan.
The flow field generating assembly also includes noise isolation unit, and the noise isolation unit is connected with fan outlet, for every
The noise produced from blower fan.
The noise generating assembly includes：
Signal generator, is connected with data collection and analysis module, for producing the noise needed for measuring；
Signal amplifier, occurs Zhi Guanti with signal generator and measuring environment respectively and is connected, for needed for measurement by magnification
Noise and by measuring environment occur Zhi Guanti transmit to silencer element.
The signal amplifier includes the power amplifier and loudspeaker being connected with each other, and the power amplifier is sent out with signal
Raw device connection, the loudspeaker occurs Zhi Guanti with measuring environment and is connected.
Zhi Guanti end occurs for the measuring environment and measuring environment occurs main pipe and communicated, and therebetween in sharp
Angle.
Module, which occurs, for the measurand includes：
Body occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element, for the generation environment as measurand；
Detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe, the generation for realizing measurand by installation and removal is described detachable
The end that with measurand body occurs for echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe when mounted is connected.
The data collection and analysis module includes：
Data acquisition components, occur module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected, for gathering gas
Press the sound pressure signal under signal and different measurands；
Host computer, occurs module with data acquisition components and measuring environment respectively and is connected, for the gas by analyzing collection
Pressure signal obtains the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field, while on the basis of the noise that module is produced occurs for measuring environment,
The sound pressure signal under different measurands is analyzed based on two load methods, transmission loss of the silencer element in flow field is obtained.
The data acquisition components include gas gauge and microphone, and the gas gauge and microphone are symmetrically set
It is placed in the both sides of silencer element.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) occur module by setting measuring environment, can produce noise and flow field, conjunction measuring variable occur module and
Data collection and analysis module, it is possible to achieve silencer element transmits loss and the measurement of the pressure loss in flow field, solves existing
Device can only be the problem of under without flow fields environment to the measurement of silencer element performance.
(2) data collection and analysis module can gather air pressure signal and sound pressure signal simultaneously, then can be while analysis meter
Transmission loss and the pressure loss for obtaining silencer element are calculated, time of measuring is saved, measurement efficiency is improved, substantially reduces measurement
Workload.
(3) flow field generating assembly includes blower fan, mass air flow sensor and gas flow rate controller, and gas flow rate controller passes through
Air mass flow in the current body of mass air flow sensor feedback, realizes Automatic adjusument, it is ensured that gas in body to rotation speed of fan
The stability of rate of flow of fluid, greatly improves measurement accuracy.
(4) noise isolation unit is additionally provided with fan outlet, to isolate the noise of blower fan in itself, it is to avoid the noise of blower fan with
The noise that noise generating assembly is produced produces superposition, eliminates transmission loss of the fan noise for silencer element in flow field
The influence of measurement result, further increases measurement accuracy.
(5) noise amplifier includes signal generator and signal amplifier, it is to avoid the noise signal itself produced is too small
Caused by the inaccurate phenomenon of measurement result.
(6) signal amplifier includes the power amplifier and loudspeaker being sequentially connected, and signal is enhanced by two grades of amplifications
The effect of amplification.
(7) Zhi Guanti end occurs for measuring environment and measuring environment occurs main pipe and communicated, and at an acute angle therebetween,
It is easy to the transmission of plane sound wave and reduces influence of the sound wave to measuring environment generation charge air flow.
(8) detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe is set by the way that the afterbody of body occurs in measurand, it is possible to achieve two kinds
Different tail end acoustic impedance boundaries condition, so as to so that data collection and analysis module is calculated by two load methods obtains member of eliminating the noise
The transmission loss of part.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for having the measurement apparatus of silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under stream environment；
Fig. 2 is the instrumentation plan that two load methods measure transmission loss, wherein (2a) leads for outlet without detachable echoless
The measurement situation of tail pipe is flowed, (2b) has the measurement situation of detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe for outlet；
Wherein, 1 is blower fan, and 2 be noise isolation unit, and 3 be gas flow rate controller, and 4 be signal generator, and 5 put for power
Big device, 6 be loudspeaker, and 7 be mass air flow sensor, and 8 be host computer, and 9 be gas gauge, and 10 be microphone, and 11 be silencer element,
12 be detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe, and 13~16 be sensor.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
A kind of measurement apparatus for having and flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, bag are provided in the present embodiment
Include：Module occurs for measuring environment, end (using it is distinguished and admirable enter direction as front end, using it is distinguished and admirable go out direction as end) and silencer element
11 connections, for producing noise and flow field；Module occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element 11, for changing measurement
Environment is to produce measurand；Data collection and analysis module, occurs module with measuring environment respectively and module occurs for measurand
Connection, for obtaining the pressure loss of the silencer element 11 in flow field by collection analysis air pressure signal, and passes through collection point
Analyse the sound pressure signal under different measurands and obtain transmission loss of the silencer element 11 in flow field.
Wherein, module, which occurs, for measuring environment includes：Body occurs for measuring environment, including the measuring environment communicated is responsible for
Zhi Guanti occurs for body and measuring environment, and the end that main pipe occurs for measuring environment is connected with silencer element 11, for that will measure institute
The flow field air-flow and noise transmission needed is to silencer element 11；Flow field generating assembly, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, be used for
Produce the flow field gas needed for measurement；Noise generating assembly, occurs Zhi Guanti and data collection analysis mould with measuring environment respectively
Block is connected, for producing the noise needed for measuring.Flow field generating assembly includes：Blower fan 1, the top of main pipe occurs with measuring environment
End connection, for producing the flow field gas needed for measuring；Mass air flow sensor 7, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, for remembering
Record the air mass flow in measuring environment generation main pipe；Gas flow rate controller 3, connects with blower fan 1 and mass air flow sensor 7 respectively
Connect, the rotating speed for controlling blower fan 1 according to the record data of mass air flow sensor 7.Flow field generating assembly also includes noise isolation unit
2, it is connected with the outlet of blower fan 1, the noise for isolating the generation of blower fan 1.Noise generating assembly includes：Signal generator 4, with data
Collection analysis module is connected, for producing the noise needed for measuring；Signal amplifier, respectively with signal generator 4 and measurement ring
Zhi Guanti connections occur for border, for the noise needed for measurement by magnification and occur Zhi Guanti by measuring environment and transmit to silencer element
11.Signal amplifier includes the power amplifier 5 and loudspeaker 6 being sequentially connected, and power amplifier 5 is connected with signal generator 4,
Loudspeaker 6 occurs Zhi Guanti with measuring environment and is connected.Zhi Guanti end occurs for measuring environment and main pipe occurs for measuring environment
Communicate, and it is at an acute angle therebetween.Module, which occurs, for measurand includes：Body, front end and silencer element 11 occur for measurand
Connection, for the generation environment as measurand；Detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe 12, for being realized by mounting and dismounting
The generation of measurand, the end that with measurand body occurs for detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe 12 when mounted is connected.Number
Include according to collection analysis module：Data acquisition components, occur module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected,
For gathering the sound pressure signal under air pressure signal and different measurands；Host computer 8, respectively with data acquisition components and measurement ring
Module connection occurs for border, obtains the pressure loss of the silencer element 11 in flow field for the air pressure signal by analyzing collection, together
When on the basis of the noise that module is produced occurs for measuring environment, the acoustic pressure letter under different measurands is analyzed based on two load methods
Number, obtain transmission loss of the silencer element 11 in flow field.Data acquisition components include gas gauge 9 and microphone 10, two
Person is symmetricly set in the both sides of silencer element 11.
It is the specific measurement apparatus schematic diagram according to said structure design as shown in Figure 1, the device includes blower fan 1, made an uproar
Be acoustically separated from device 2, silencer element 11, detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe 12, loudspeaker 6, power amplifier 5, signal generator 4,
Sensor interface, host computer 8 and gas flow rate controller 3.Wind regime is located at supervisor's initial end, and exit is connected with noise isolation unit
2 (full frequency band for carrying out blower fan 1 is eliminated the noise).Loudspeaker 6 is located at branch pipe initial end, branch pipe and the installation at an acute angle of supervisor's initial end.It is logical
Cross signal generator 4 and the connection loudspeaker 6 of power amplifier 5 produces white noise.It is responsible for end and detachable echoless water conservancy diversion is housed
Tail pipe 12, can ensure that air-flow is uniform and stable while full sound absorption.Realized by dismounting detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe 12
Two kinds of different export boundary conditions, for calculating transmission loss by two load methods.Supervisor upstream is connected to mass air flow sensor 7,
Connect the rotating speed of gas flow rate inspection and control system Automatic adjusument blower fan 1, it is ensured that pipe interior air-flow velocity-stabilization, supervisor upstream according to
Secondary to have four sensor interfaces, there are three sensor interfaces in supervisor downstream successively.Upstream sensor interface is responsible for connect wheat
Gram wind 10, gas gauge 9 and mass air flow sensor 7, supervisor's downstream sensor interface is to connect microphone 10 and gas pressure
Meter 9, microphone 10 measures sound pressure signal and is connected to host computer 8, and gas gauge 9 measures air pressure signal and is similarly connected to host computer
8。
Detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe 12 is installed on supervisor end first, opens wind when specifically used by the device
Machine 1 and signal generator 4, on the one hand regard noise signal transmission to host computer 8 as the analysis benchmark of host computer 8, another aspect
So that noise sound wave is transferred to silencer in flow field and eliminated the noise, the process that now gas gauge 9 also obtains measurement disappears
Air pressure signal before and after sound device is transmitted to host computer 8, and host computer 8 then measures the pressure loss of silencer element 11 in real time, simultaneously
Sound pressure signal before and after the process silencer that microphone 10 obtains measurement is transmitted to host computer 8, in host computer 8 to sound pressure signal
After being recorded, then echoless refluence tail pipe is laid down, is repeated the above steps and sound pressure signal is measured again, to survey twice
Result is measured, is calculated by two load methods, you can transmission loss of the silencer element 11 under flow field is obtained.
The schematic diagram measured using two load methods is illustrated in figure 2, two load methods are built based on Transfer Matrix Method
Vertical transmission loss measuring method, description silencer incidence to be measured and reflex amplitude are set up by changing outlet impedance conditions
Two equation groups of relation, transmission loss can be obtained by the parameter solved substitution computing formula.
Figure (2a) and scheme (2b) outlet impedance conditions Z that to be respectively 2 kinds differenta、Zb.Sensor 13 and 14,15 and in Fig. 2
It is straight length between 16, is acoustic element to be measured between 14 and 15, its corresponding transfer matrix is：
In formula, pi、uiAcoustic pressure and particle velocity at respectively each sensor；Ai、Bi、Ci、DiFor acoustic element four-pole parameter,
I is each amount subscript；A, b difference representative graph (2a) and figure (2b) outlet tail end situation.
For Fig. 2 a, four-pole parameter relational expression between this outlet impedance conditions lower sensor 14 and sensor 15 can be obtained：
Similarly, for Fig. 2 b structures, four-pole parameter relational expression between sensor 14 and 15 can be obtained：
Comprehensive above formula, can solve A23、B23、C23And D23Expression.It is straight between sensor 13 and 14,15 and 16
Pipe, can obtain straight length four-pole parameter, substitute into A23、B23、C23And D23Silencer four-pole parameter between sensor 14 and 15 is obtained, is obtained
To transmission loss：
In formula, SiAnd SoRespectively inlet and outlet sectional area.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, for measuring silencer element in stream
Transmission loss and the pressure loss in, it is characterised in that described device includes：
Module occurs for measuring environment, and end is connected with silencer element, for producing noise and flow field；
Module occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element, for changing measuring environment to produce measurand；
Data collection and analysis module, occurs module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected, for by adopting
Set analysis air pressure signal obtains the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field, and by under the different measurands of collection analysis
Sound pressure signal obtains transmission loss of the silencer element in flow field.
2. according to claim 1 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, module, which occurs, for the measuring environment includes：
Body occurs for measuring environment, including the measuring environment communicated occurs main pipe and Zhi Guanti, the survey occur for measuring environment
The end that main pipe occurs for amount environment is connected with silencer element, for the flow field air-flow and noise transmission needed for measurement extremely to be eliminated the noise
Element；
Flow field generating assembly, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, for producing the flow field gas needed for measuring；
Noise generating assembly, occurs Zhi Guanti with measuring environment respectively and data collection analysis module is connected, for producing measurement
Required noise.
3. according to claim 2 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the flow field generating assembly includes：
Blower fan, the top for occurring main pipe with measuring environment is connected, for producing the flow field gas needed for measuring；
Mass air flow sensor, occurs main pipe with measuring environment and is connected, for recording the air stream in measuring environment generation main pipe
Amount；
Gas flow rate controller, is connected with blower fan and mass air flow sensor respectively, for the record data control according to mass air flow sensor
The rotating speed of blower fan processed.
4. according to claim 3 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the flow field generating assembly also includes noise isolation unit, and the noise isolation unit is connected with fan outlet, for isolating
The noise that blower fan is produced.
5. according to claim 2 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the noise generating assembly includes：
Signal generator, is connected with data collection and analysis module, for producing the noise needed for measuring；
Signal amplifier, occurs Zhi Guanti with signal generator and measuring environment respectively and is connected, for making an uproar needed for measurement by magnification
Sound is simultaneously transmitted to silencer element by measuring environment generation Zhi Guanti.
6. according to claim 5 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the signal amplifier includes the power amplifier and loudspeaker being connected with each other, the power amplifier is sent out with signal
Raw device connection, the loudspeaker occurs Zhi Guanti with measuring environment and is connected.
7. according to claim 2 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, Zhi Guanti end occurs for the measuring environment and measuring environment occurs main pipe and communicated, and at an acute angle therebetween.
8. according to claim 1 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, module, which occurs, for the measurand includes：
Body occurs for measurand, and front end is connected with silencer element, for the generation environment as measurand；
Detachable echoless water conservancy diversion tail pipe, the generation for realizing measurand by installation and removal, the detachable nothing is returned
The end that with measurand body occurs for acoustic conductance stream tail pipe when mounted is connected.
9. according to claim 1 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the data collection and analysis module includes：
Data acquisition components, occur module with measuring environment respectively and measurand occurs module and is connected, for gathering air pressure letter
Number and different measurands under sound pressure signal；
Host computer, occurs module with data acquisition components and measuring environment respectively and is connected, believe for the air pressure by analyzing collection
Number the pressure loss of the silencer element in flow field is obtained, while on the basis of the noise that module is produced occurs for measuring environment, being based on
Two load methods analyze the sound pressure signal under different measurands, obtain transmission loss of the silencer element in flow field.
10. according to claim 9 have the measurement apparatus for flowing silencer element acoustic characteristic and flow behavior under environment, it is special
Levy and be, the data acquisition components include gas gauge and microphone, and the gas gauge and microphone are symmetrically set
It is placed in the both sides of silencer element.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107490473A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of silencer test device based on gas flow temperature and flow matches |
| CN109141519A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-04 | 同济大学 | A kind of testboard bay tested for silencer element acoustics and flow field characteristic |
| CN112730625A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-30 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Sound absorption coefficient testing system and method and vehicle |
| CN113465895A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Engine exhaust system muffler transmission loss testing device and control method |
| CN113702017A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 天津大学 | Silencer transmission loss single-step measurement method based on improved transmission matrix |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112730625A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-30 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Sound absorption coefficient testing system and method and vehicle |
| CN113465895A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Engine exhaust system muffler transmission loss testing device and control method |
| CN113465895B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2024-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Engine exhaust system muffler transmission loss testing device and control method |
| CN113702017A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 天津大学 | Silencer transmission loss single-step measurement method based on improved transmission matrix |
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Application publication date: 20170714 |
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