CN103070469B - A kind of enzyme solution of offal processing - Google Patents
A kind of enzyme solution of offal processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103070469B CN103070469B CN201310017173.XA CN201310017173A CN103070469B CN 103070469 B CN103070469 B CN 103070469B CN 201310017173 A CN201310017173 A CN 201310017173A CN 103070469 B CN103070469 B CN 103070469B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Cigarette processing field, a kind of offal processing method utilizing offal Titian, comprises the following steps: (1) washes stalk enzymolysis processing: when washing stalk, and offal obstructs aqueous phase to flowing with washing; Offal is 1:10 ~ 100 with washing the mass ratio obstructing water; Wash stalk water add be equivalent to tobacco stalk quality 0.01-0.5% wash stalk complex enzyme, described stalk complex enzyme of washing is made up of the pectase of mass fraction 30-70% and the zytase of 70-30%; (2) pressure is obstructed and is cut stem; (3) second time enzymolysis processing: add the hydrolysis complex enzyme being equivalent to stem weight 0.01-0.5% in stem, carry out reaction 0.5-2h; Described hydrolysis complex enzyme is made up of protease, amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and the part by weight of described four kinds of enzymes is followed successively by 5 ~ 1:1:2:1.Method provided by the invention, except can effectively remove part cell wall substance, reaches coordination chemical composition, can also avoid, in the loss of soaking fragrance component in enzymolysis process, reaching the effect effectively improving and inhale taste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Field of Tobacco, relate in particular to the enzyme solution in a kind of tobacco peduncle processing course.
Background technology
Although offal is the part of tobacco, but the difference that the existence compared with tobacco leaf of its physicochemical property is larger, offal sugar content is on the low side, nicotine, Aromatic Matter Contents are lower, be about about the 20-25% of blade, therefore these differences cause that poor, jealous flat, the xylon gas of its fragrance of offal is heavy, excitant is comparatively large, and the application of stem is restricted.
The conventional treatment process of current offal is:
Wash stalk → offal to heat → Terrier Storage → offal heats → presses that to obstruct → cut stem → stem feeding → stem expanded with drying → selection by winnowing → storage.
1, existingly wash stalk technique, rate variance is cleaned on offal surface, and be mainly manifested in offal surfaces of tacky after storage, some pectic substances of offal surface are fully not clean, easily occurs " running stalk " phenomenon cutting in stem process due to offal smooth surface.
2, by finding the further investigation of offal Material Physics, chemical property and tobacco peduncle processing course, because there is the cortical tissue that one deck is very fine and close outside offal, even if depress at higher saturated vapor, short time also can only penetrate in offal histocyte limitedly, it can not allow moisture infiltrate quickly as the stem after cutting, and causing moisture to penetrate into offal inside sufficiently uniformly must have the longer time.Therefore offal eases back overlong time, generally needs more than 6-8h.
For above problem; Chinese patent CN1631276A introduces a kind of pretreatment of raw material workshop section in stem processing; under certain Acidity of Aikalinity condition, clear water is replaced to rinse tobacco stalk raw material with certain density ammonia (amine) the based compound solution that contains of preparation; not changing equipment and other operation of the processing of existing stem, is an improvement of current clear water being washed to stalk method; Chinese patent CN1204481A describes employing technology for perfuming tobacco offal with infusion method, is conducive to offal and absorbs feed liquid, avoid the defect of expanded rear reinforced reduction Filling power, improve the quality of stem; Chinese patent CN1154218A describes the pretreated one of offal and washes stalk method and apparatus; Chinese patent CN1186638A describes to take and moistens technique in advance, reduces the temperature of terrier technique or improves the flow velocity of terrier processing.
These methods are all the methods exploring stem purity, Filling power, suction quality after how stem Primary Processing offal pretreatment stage ensures offal processing above.Fundamentally do not solve the moisture penetration of offal material in actual process, feed liquid absorbs and offal physics, chemical property homogeneity question.
Chinese patent application CN200910227566.7 discloses a kind of offal preprocess method adopting enzymolysis auxiliary, before washing stalk, first adopt enzyme preparation (protease, cellulase, pectase, amylase or carbohydrase) to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-15 hour, after keeping high temperature to make enzyme deactivation in 30 minutes after enzymolysis, then carry out the degree of depth wash stalk 1-30 minute.In fact, as far back as the sixties in last century, just report and adopted ferment treatment effectively can soften offal, be easy to pressure stalk and chopping.But, owing to making in the technique of stem at offal, comprise techniques such as washing stalk, Terrier Storage, terrier, carry out pressure stalk afterwards again, cut stem etc., if increase enzymolysis process before washing stalk, offal manufacture craft required time will be made to extend further, adopt existing method, whole treatment process needs more than 8 hours, not only consumes the reserves space of production line; Simultaneously because existing enzyme solution needs adjust ph to acid, make the linking of technical process complicated, limit the effective application of the method in offal stem.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that efficiently can process offal online, reduce the short and required time that eases back of the pretreatment time of offal, improve the operation level of production line and reduce production cost.
Invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
Invention provides the enzyme solution of a kind of offal processing, comprises the following steps: (1) washes stalk enzymolysis processing: when washing stalk, and offal obstructs aqueous phase to flowing with washing; Offal is 1:10 ~ 100 with washing the mass ratio obstructing water; Wash stalk water add be equivalent to tobacco stalk quality 0.01-0.5% wash stalk complex enzyme, described stalk complex enzyme of washing is made up of the pectase of mass fraction 30-70% and the zytase of 70-30%; (2) pressure is obstructed and is cut stem; (3) second time enzymolysis processing: add the hydrolysis complex enzyme being equivalent to stem weight 0.01-0.5% in stem, carry out reaction 0.5-2h; Described hydrolysis complex enzyme is made up of protease, amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and the part by weight of these four kinds of enzymes is followed successively by: 5 ~ 1:1:2:1.
In described step (1), after washing stalk, offal carries out one-level Terrier Storage, terrier and secondary Terrier Storage further, and the Terrier Storage time is 4-5 hour altogether.In step (1), wash water temperature in stalk process and remain on 40-60 DEG C.
The pressure stalk of step (2) and heating respectively through offal before cutting stem cools with offal.
In described step (3), further Terrier Storage 0.5-2 hour after reaction, Terrier Storage process comprises stem and heats moisture regain.The temperature of course of reaction maintains 40-60 DEG C.Stem is carried out expanded after Terrier Storage described in step (3) terminates.
The protease adopted in invention is one or both in neutral proteinase, trypsase, compound protease, flavor protease.Amylase is mesophilicα-diastase.
" offal with wash obstruct aqueous phase to flow " of the present invention, refers to: offal or to wash among stalk water a kind of be mobile or flowing, or they are both moving or flowing simultaneously; Thus, define a kind of relative velocity of displacement between them, the speed of this relative flowing can preferably remain in the scope of 0 ~ 0.2m/s, or more preferably 0.1 ~ 0.2m/s.
Through test of many times invention, adopt two step enzymolysis of the present invention, wash the fibre structure that stalk enzyme can destroy stalk bar surface, remove a part of pectin, stalk bar water suction permeability improves, and can shorten the terrier time, improves stalk bar pressure stalk and chopping effect; Add hydrolysis complex enzyme after chopping by enzymolysis the macromolecular compound in tobacco to be transformed as much as possible and be degraded to micromolecular compound, reconstituted tobacoo can be reduced and to mix Gas content, thus improve the interior quality of reconstituted tobacoo.
Except this, the present invention is under the condition not changing existing stem production line, two step enzymolysis can carry out continuously, without the need to inactivation treatment in process, achieve tobacco leaf biological treatment in the continuous fast processing of linearize, ensure the continuity of biological respinse, ensure that technological process is stablized, while guarantee production efficiency and economic benefit, quality of tobacco is effectively improved.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the present invention will wash stalk enzymolysis process and stem flavouring course of reaction be organically incorporated in tobacco peduncle processing course, by selecting suitable enzyme, material and consumption thereof, make its be adapted to use existing equipment, the continuity realized on production line processes online.Test finds, washes stalk enzymolysis and flavouring reaction scheme by the present invention, and the stem interior quality of producing is improved, and offal TPT is reduced to 6 hours, and the efficiency of production line improves 10-15%.
2. method provided by the invention can reach effective shell-broken effect, and increase the permeability of offal, first step enzymolysis makes the discomposing effect of pectin substance and cellulose etc. good, and the offal through this process can carry out chopping smoothly; Second step enzymolysis utilizes hydrolase that cell wall substance enzymolysis is become the carbohydrate of a series of relatively small molecular weight, utilizing AMS and carbohydrase to act on tobacco leaf makes starch degradation residual in tobacco leaf be water-soluble sugar, the hydrolysate of protein and the product of conversion are further the hyles of many tobacco aroma materials, just effectively can improve the smoking quality of tobacco product.Cell wall substance not only can bring excitant to flue gas burning and sucking in process, and is unfavorable for the security of smoking.But protein content high can making produces a kind of protein stink as feather burning when burning and sucking, also the flammability of tobacco leaf can be reduced, and be the precursor of harmful substances from flue gases, comprise Kui Lin, HCN and other nitrogen-containing compounds, have a strong impact on fragrance quality and the security of tobacco leaf.Therefore, the starch utilizing biological and biochemical technology degraded just to remain in flue-cured tobacco and protein the industrial production being applied to tobacco just seems very important.
3. method provided by the invention is except can effectively remove part cell wall substance, reaches coordination chemical composition, can also avoid, in the loss of soaking fragrance component in enzymolysis process, reaching the effect effectively improving and inhale taste.
4. method provided by the invention does not need other chemical reagent additional, avoids because additional ingredients introduces other bad breath; Not additional equipment and operation, applies existing technological process, ensure that the continuous prodution of stem technique processed.
5. Method and process parameter provided by the invention is applicable to the Feedstock treating process of tobacco sheets by paper making method completely, can improve the extraction efficiency of raw material and the fragrance of sheet product.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
embodiment 1
Wash stalk: wash stalk groove in conveyer is set, make offal and wash to obstruct aqueous phase to the 0.15m/s that flows, offal is 1:20 with washing the mass ratio obstructing water, wash in stalk water and obstruct complex enzyme (being made up of the pectase of 50% and the zytase of 50%) containing being equivalent to washing of tobacco stalk quality 0.2%, wash water temperature in stalk process and remain on 55 DEG C.After washing stalk, offal carries out one-level Terrier Storage, terrier and secondary Terrier Storage further, totally 4 hours Terrier Storage time.
Pressure is obstructed and is cut stem: heat respectively through offal before pressing stalk and cutting stem and cool with offal.Heat and adopt HT to heat, control steam flow, make offal temperature 45-55 DEG C, lower than 70 DEG C of common process.
(3) second step enzyme digestion reaction:
Configuration flavouring complex enzyme: be made up of neutral proteinase, amylase, cellulase.Its composition part by weight is: trypsase: mesophilicα-diastase: cellulase: hemicellulase=2:1:2:1.Cellulase is that enzyme is lived FPA > 1.8 ten thousand u/ml(Trichoderma viride), hemicellulase is food-grade, purchased from Ningxia Xia Sheng company);
In stem, add the flavouring complex enzyme being equivalent to stem weight 0.05%, the temperature of feed liquid and course of reaction maintains 40-60 DEG C, Terrier Storage 1 hour after reaction.
More than process is respectively used to 6 kinds of different offals (sample 1-6), and enzymolysis terminates to carry out holocellulose to offal afterwards, acid-insoluble lignin, acid soluble lignin measure, and result is as shown in table 1.
Holocellulose, acid-insoluble lignin, the acid soluble lignin content of offal after table 1. liang step enzymolysis
| The sequence number of sample | Holocellulose (%) | Acid-insoluble lignin (%) | Acid soluble lignin (%) | Soluble protein (%) |
| 1 | 33.24 | 5.05 | 0.35 | 2.885 |
| 2 | 33.55 | 4.61 | 0.32 | 3.673 |
| 3 | 34.36 | 5.37 | 0.29 | 2.092 |
| 4 | 41.35 | 4 | 0.32 | 3.751 |
| 5 | 38.88 | 2.48 | 0.33 | 3.668 |
| 6 | 39.35 | 5.33 | 0.35 | 3.912 |
embodiment 2
The stem of No. 1 sample is compared test, adopts a step enzymolysis, and the enzyme adopted is 30% pectase+40% half cellulase+30% cellulase.Test result is as shown in table 2.
Holocellulose, acid-insoluble lignin, the acid soluble lignin content of offal after table 2. one step enzymolysis
| The sequence number of sample | Holocellulose (%) | Acid-insoluble lignin (%) | Acid soluble lignin (%) | Soluble protein (%) |
| 1 | 38.65 | 5.61 | 0.41 | 2.18 |
embodiment 3
By embodiment 1 No. 1 sample after two step enzymolysis processing, make sensory evaluation, and compare with the untreated stem that contrasts, result is as shown in table 3.
Sensory evaluating smoking's Comparative result before and after table 3 liang step enzymolysis processing
| Sample | Fragrance | Harmony | Excitant | Assorted gas | Pleasant impression |
| Contrast stem | Fragrance is thin, more coarse | Still coordinate | Slightly | Have | Shang Jing, still comfortable |
| Enzyme-added stem | Fragrance is comparatively sufficient, slightly coarse | Comparatively coordinate | Micro-have | Slightly | More only, more comfortable |
embodiment 4
By embodiment 1 No. 1 sample after two step enzymolysis processing, carry out constituent analysis, result is as shown in table 4.
Stem constituent analysis after table 4 liang step enzymolysis
| Peaks | R.T | Chinese | Ferment treatment stem μ g/g | Contrast stem μ g/g |
| 1 | 6.550 | Hexanal | 0.038 | 0.040 |
| 2 | 8.856 | Pyridine | ||
| 3 | 10.098 | 2-amyl furan | 0.045 | 0.030 |
| 4 | 11.277 | 2-methyl-3-(2H) dihydrofuran ketone | 0.172 | 0.102 |
| 5 | 18.464 | 2,4-heptadienal | 0.115 | |
| 6 | 18.589 | Furfural | 12.313 | 3.054 |
| 7 | 20.071 | 2-acetyl furan | 1.481 | 0.527 |
| 8 | 20.695 | Benzaldehyde | 0.164 | 0.126 |
| 9 | 21.392 | Linalool | 0.037 | 0.042 |
| 10 | 22.681 | 5-methyl-furfural | 0.892 | 0.521 |
| 11 | 23.178 | 2-cyclopentene-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-diketone | 1.218 | 0.408 |
| 12 | 25.198 | Phenylacetaldehyde | 3.204 | 3.698 |
| 13 | 25.896 | 2-furancarbinol | 0.457 | 0.270 |
| 14 | 28.162 | Solanone | 2.388 | 2.355 |
| 15 | 31.046 | 2,4-certain herbaceous plants with big flowers two olefine aldehydr | 0.091 | |
| 16 | 31.249 | Dorinone | 0.533 | |
| 17 | 33.398 | Phenmethylol | 0.226 | 0.250 |
| 19 | 34.565 | Benzyl carbinol | 0.209 | 0.195 |
| 20 | 34.937 | Neophytadiene | 4.270 | 7.118 |
| 21 | 36.665 | 2-acetyl pyrrole | 1.349 | 1.610 |
| 22 | 38.445 | 2-formylpyrrole | 0.897 | 0.048 |
| 23 | 40.957 | N-methyl-2-formylpyrrole | 0.278 | 0.465 |
| 24 | 42.038 | Norsolandione | 0.482 | 0.563 |
| 25 | 42.650 | Carypohyllene | 0.140 | |
| 26 | 43.480 | Megastigmatrienone | 0.239 | 0.321 |
| 27 | 43.955 | Methyl hexadecanoate | 0.374 | 1.268 |
| 28 | 44.990 | Beta-elemene | 0.389 | |
| 29 | 45.042 | Ethyl palmitate | 0.484 | |
| 30 | 45.540 | Megastigmatrienone | 0.081 | 0.062 |
| 31 | 46.404 | Megastigmatrienone | 0.396 | 0.348 |
| 32 | 46.965 | 2,4-DTBP | 0.228 | 0.227 |
| 33 | 48.424 | Farnesyl acetone | 0.257 | 0.271 |
| 34 | 49.826 | Methyl stearate | 0.283 | |
| 35 | 50.369 | Methyl oleate | 0.264 | 0.411 |
| 36 | 50.690 | Indoles | 0.290 | 0.184 |
| 37 | 51.691 | Methyl linoleate | 1.268 | 1.503 |
| 38 | 52.229 | Eggplant vanillone | 0.364 | 0.731 |
| 39 | 52.578 | Ethyl linoleate | 0.297 | 0.310 |
| 40 | 53.116 | 5.928 | 5.505 | |
| 41 | 53.476 | Methyl linolenate | 1.560 | 1.232 |
| 42 | 54.844 | Phytol | 1.788 | 1.305 |
Claims (5)
1. an enzyme solution for offal processing, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: (1) washes stalk enzymolysis processing: when washing stalk, and offal obstructs aqueous phase to flowing with washing; Offal is 1:10 ~ 100 with washing the mass ratio obstructing water; Wash stalk water add be equivalent to tobacco stalk quality 0.01-0.5% wash stalk complex enzyme, described stalk complex enzyme of washing is made up of the pectase of mass fraction 30-70% and the zytase of 70-30%; (2) pressure is obstructed and is cut stem; (3) second time enzymolysis processing: add the hydrolysis complex enzyme being equivalent to stem weight 0.01-0.5% in stem, carry out reaction 0.5-2h; Described hydrolysis complex enzyme is made up of protease, amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and the part by weight of described four kinds of enzymes is followed successively by: 5 ~ 1:1:2:1,
In described step (1), after washing stalk, offal carries out one-level Terrier Storage, terrier and secondary Terrier Storage further, and the Terrier Storage time is 4-5 hour altogether,
In described step (3), further Terrier Storage 0.5-2 hour after reaction, Terrier Storage process comprises stem and heats moisture regain;
Described protease is one or both in neutral proteinase, trypsase, compound protease, flavor protease;
Described amylase is mesophilicα-diastase.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), washing water temperature in stalk process and remaining on 40-60 DEG C.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that in described step (3), the temperature of course of reaction maintains 40-60 DEG C.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is expanded to carry out stem after the Terrier Storage that it is characterized in that described in step (3) terminates.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that the pressure stalk and heating respectively through offal before cutting stem of step (2) cools with offal.
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| CN103462212B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-04-08 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid |
| CN104223348B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-02-24 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of method improving cabo quality in conjunction with cellulase treatment and microwave expansion technology |
| CN105286073A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-03 | 云南省烟草公司昭通市公司 | Tobacco leaf curing modulating agent and using method thereof |
| CN106399277B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2021-03-26 | 康赞（北京）生物科技有限公司 | Enzyme preparation for tobacco processing and application thereof |
| CN110742303A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-04 | 红塔辽宁烟草有限责任公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for improving smoking quality of tobacco flakes and application thereof |
| CN115161123B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-05-10 | 陕西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cleaning agent for cleaning tobacco stems and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4887618A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-12-19 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco processing |
| US4941484A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1990-07-17 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco processing |
| CN101711600B (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2012-04-25 | 武汉达汇创新科技有限公司 | Process for biochemically treating cut stems |
| CN101589846B (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2012-01-25 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Pretreatment method for improving cigarette adaptability of tobacco stems |
| CN101708064B (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-02-01 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Treatment process for manufacturing tobacco cut stems by tobacco stem |
| CN201878750U (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-06-29 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco stalk processing system for enhancing fragrance of tobacco stalks |
| CN102631021B (en) * | 2012-04-08 | 2013-11-27 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Two-stage enzyme treatment method for improving stalk shred smoking quality |
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