CN103070125B - Aquaculture feeding system - Google Patents

Aquaculture feeding system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103070125B
CN103070125B CN201210404145.9A CN201210404145A CN103070125B CN 103070125 B CN103070125 B CN 103070125B CN 201210404145 A CN201210404145 A CN 201210404145A CN 103070125 B CN103070125 B CN 103070125B
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China
Prior art keywords
hopper
baffle plate
vertical
interlayer
impeller
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201210404145.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103070125A (en
Inventor
杨会成
周秀锦
周宇芳
郑斌
廖妙飞
付万冬
陈孟
相瑜
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Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute
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Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute
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Priority to CN201210404145.9A priority Critical patent/CN103070125B/en
Publication of CN103070125A publication Critical patent/CN103070125A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103070125B publication Critical patent/CN103070125B/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses an aquaculture feeding system and aims at providing the feeding system capable of effectively solving the problems that feed wastage is caused during feeding of a feeder and the feeder cannot work normally when the feed is damped. The aquaculture feeding system comprises a feed box. An isolating layer is arranged below the top surface of the chamber body of the feed box. A first vertical guide rod is arranged on the lower surface of the isolating layer. A baffle which can move along the first vertical guide rod is arranged below the isolating layer. The buoyancy force of the baffle is larger than gravity force. A plurality of upper discharge holes are arranged on the isolating layer. A plurality of lower discharge holes are arranged on the baffle. The upper discharge holes and the lower discharge holes are distributed in a staggered way. A motor is arranged at the middle part of the upper surface of the isolating layer. A vertical screw is arranged in the chamber body of the feed box. The vertical screw penetrates through the baffle and the isolating layer and is connected with the rotor of the motor. A nut is arranged at the middle part of the baffle and is sheathed on the vertical screw. A coaxial polished rod is arranged at the lower end of the vertical screw. An impeller is arranged at the lower part of the polished rod. A plurality of discharge holes are arranged on the side surface of the feed box relative to the impeller.

Description

A kind of aquaculture feeding system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of aquaculture feeding system.
Background technology
Along with the development of culture fishery, feeding machine miscellaneous is applied in culture fishery.Current aquaculture feeding machine is all arranged on water surface top conventionally, and feeding machine drives static feed granules by machine power, makes feed granules moment obtain larger speed, and then sheds out and fall into the water from the outlet of feeding machine.For example, China Patent Publication No. CN201430844, open day on March 31st, 2010, the name of innovation and creation is called Perigon feeding machine, this application case discloses a kind of Perigon feeding machine, on the fixing support bar of culturing pool, be fixed with main motor, be fixed with impeller on motor shaft end, on impeller, middle part is provided with flange collar and impeller charging aperture; The spout of conveying pipeline fits on the charging hole at middle part above impeller.Although current feeding machine effectively improves feeding efficiency, and reduce labour intensity; But current feeding machine has following deficiency: one, because existing feeding machine makes static feed granules moment obtain larger speed by machine power, realize shedding of feed; The mechanical impact force that feed granules is subject in this process is very large, makes the destroyed pulverizing of feed granules of part, becomes dust and flies away, and causes the feed waste that cannot avoid.Its two, because current feeding machine is placed in water surface top, and shed feed by machine power; Once feed makes moist, the feed making moist easily sticks to feeding machine, causes feeding machine to lose efficacy, cannot work.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is in order to overcome existing aquaculture feeding machine in the process of shedding feed, can cause the destroyed pulverizing of feed granules, becoming dust flies away, cause the problem of feed waste, provide that a kind of power consumption is little, cost is low, feeding is even, and can effectively solve feeding machine and can cause the aquaculture feeding system of the problem of feed waste in feeding procedure.
The second object of the present invention is in order to overcome existing aquaculture feeding machine, once feed makes moist, the problem that feeding machine lost efficacy, cannot work, provides a kind of strong adaptability, can effectively solve feed and be subject to the time of tide, the aquaculture feeding system of the problem that feeding machine lost efficacy, cannot work.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of aquaculture feeding system, comprises hopper, and the end face below of described hopper cavity is provided with interlayer, and forms storage bin in hopper cavity between interlayer and hopper end face; Described interlayer lower surface is provided with the first vertical guide rod, and interlayer below is provided with the baffle plate that can move along the first vertical guide rod, and the buoyancy of this baffle plate is greater than gravity; Described interlayer is provided with some top discharges hole, and baffle plate is provided with some bottom discharges hole, and top discharge hole and bottom discharge hole are interspersed; Described interlayer upper surface middle part is provided with motor, in described casing cavity, is provided with vertical screw rod, and this vertical screw rod is connected with rotor with interlayer through baffle plate, and baffle plate middle part is provided with nut and this nut sleeve is located on vertical screw rod; Vertically the lower end of screw rod is provided with coaxial polished rod, and the external diameter of polished rod is less than vertical screw flight internal diameter; The bottom of described polished rod is provided with impeller; The casing side relative with impeller is provided with some relief holes, and the tank floor relative with impeller is provided with some lower through-holes.
The specific works mode of the aquaculture feeding system of this programme is as follows: hopper is placed in to water, makes the lower end of vertical screw rod be positioned at underwater side, interlayer is placed in water surface top; Then hopper is fixed.Before system is carried out feeding, baffle plate is resisted against on interlayer lower surface, and feed is placed in the storage bin between interlayer and hopper end face.In the time that system is carried out feeding, machine operation drives bolt rotary, and when bolt rotary, not only impeller is rotated, and also makes the nut and the baffle plate that coordinate with screw rod move down, until baffle plate is displaced downwardly on polished rod along the first vertical guide rod simultaneously.In the process moving down at baffle plate, the feed granules in storage bin is discharged on baffle plate by top discharge hole, and is progressively dropped in the water in hopper by bottom discharge hole; The feed dropping in water is flowed out the current that drive along with impeller by the relief hole of casing side, thereby realizes feeding.System is in feeding procedure like this, and feed drives by current, not only can not make feed granules become dust and fly away, and causes feed waste; Even if feed makes moist, can realize feeding by the feed system of this programme equally, and the feed system strong adaptability of this programme, be not subject to the impact of weather.In addition, in system feeding procedure, in the time that screw rod is displaced downwardly on polished rod by baffle plate, baffle plate will be placed in water; Because the buoyancy of baffle plate is greater than gravity, now baffle plate will float and the screw thread of nut and screw rod lower end be agreed with; But under the effect of rotating screw bolt, baffle plate will move down again; So baffle plate is by continuous vertical tremor.In system feeding procedure, the constantly baffle plate of vertical tremor, is conducive to the feed of baffle plate top along with the current that impeller drives are flowed out by the relief hole of casing side, and can be attached on baffle plate.
On the other hand, after system feeding, the reversion of driven by motor screw rod.In the process of screw rod reversion, when baffle plate is at buoyancy float downward and make nut and when the screw thread of screw rod lower end agrees with; Screw rod will move on drive baffle plate, until baffle plate is resisted against on interlayer lower surface; Prepare for storing feed before feeding next time.The wheel rotation of this programme system, baffle plate move down or on the power that moves, only provide by a motor; Not only greatly reduce production cost, and can effectively reduce energy consumption.
As preferably, interlayer is located at water surface top, and vertically water surface below is located in the lower end of screw rod.Owing to the vertical lower end of screw rod being located at water surface below, and and the buoyancy of baffle plate is greater than gravity; After system feeding, in the process of driven by motor screw rod reversion; Baffle plate can and make nut and the screw thread of screw rod lower end agrees with at buoyancy float downward, and now counter-rotational screw rod will move on drive baffle plate, until baffle edge is resisted against on interlayer lower surface, prepares for storing feed before feeding next time.In addition, because interlayer is located at water surface top, make to be stored in feed granules in storage bin unaffected.
As preferably, vertically between screw rod and polished rod, be provided with the connecting portion of vertical connecting screw rod and polished rod, it is round table-like that connecting portion is, and the end face diameter of connecting portion is less than or equal to screw flight internal diameter, and the cross-sectional area of connecting portion reduces from top to bottom gradually; Described vertical screw flight down extends in connecting portion side.When baffle plate is on polished rod and at buoyancy float downward during to screw rod lower end, because connecting portion is round table-like, the cross-sectional area of connecting portion reduces from top to bottom gradually, and vertically screw flight down extends in connecting portion side, this is conducive to nut on baffle plate and the screw thread of screw rod lower end agrees with.
As preferably, comprise the rocker piece being arranged on hopper lateral surface, column and all bull sticks that can rotate around column, this turnover boom end is provided with vertical fairlead, and vertically the inwall of fairlead is provided with vertical guide groove; Described hopper end face is provided with the second vertical guide rod, and the second vertical guide rod side is provided with the vertical guide block that is extended to top by the second vertical guide rod bottom; The second vertical guide rod can slide up and down and is located in vertical fairlead, and vertically guide block is located in vertical guide groove.The column of this programme is fixedly installed, due to the rocker piece on hopper lateral surface, on hopper will be bubbled through the water column under rocker piece effect.Carry out in the process of feeding in system, driven by motor impeller rotates in water, because all bull sticks can rotate around column; Thereby in the process of wheel rotation, hopper will can rotate around column along with all bull sticks; The area that feeds intake that can increase greatly like this feeding procedure, is conducive to improve feeding efficiency and feeding quality.In addition, the second vertical guide rod can slide up and down and is located in vertical fairlead, and the drainage discharge of hopper and rocker piece can not be subject to the impact of water surface elevation like this, is not subject to the impact of weather, improves the adaptability of feed system.
As preferably, in the hopper cavity of baffle plate below, be provided with tapered guiding hopper, guiding hopper is fixed on hopper inwall, and the lower port of guiding hopper be positioned at impeller directly over; Hopper side between guiding hopper and interlayer is provided with some upper through holes.The setting of guiding hopper makes feed granules be entered in the current that driven by impeller by impeller top; Feed granules together spreads the middle of the stream being driven by impeller with current outward like this, and this not only increases the process that feed granules accelerates with current, increases the area that feeds intake; And feed granules middle of the stream ingoing stream can also reduce the impact of feed granules on current, further improve the range of scatter of feed.The more important thing is, due to the setting of guiding hopper, in wheel rotation by the water in hopper cavity outward in the process of water conservancy diversion, to in the cavity between hopper cavity bottom surface and guiding hopper, form negative pressure, and so not only be conducive to feed granules and entered by the lower port of the hopper that leads in the current of impeller drive; And can improve the flow velocity of current that impeller drives, further improve the range of scatter of feed.
As preferably, guiding hopper lower port is rounded, and the diameter of guiding hopper lower port is less than the external diameter of impeller.This programme structure makes feed granules be entered in the current that driven by impeller by impeller top, and then reduces the impact of feed granules on current, improves the range of scatter of feed.
As preferably, impeller comprises the axle sleeve that is set in polished rod lower end, and some blades being axially evenly distributed on axle sleeve side, and the curved and blade of described blade vertically arranges.The current that the impeller of this programme drives in the time rotating are circumference expanding outward, are conducive to like this improve the range of scatter of feed.
As preferably, above baffle plate, be provided with cushion rubber layer, cushion rubber layer is provided with some material holes corresponding with bottom discharge hole.Due to the setting of cushion rubber layer, in the time that baffle plate is resisted against on interlayer lower surface, cushion rubber layer not only can play cushioning effect; Can also be conducive to seal the top discharge hole on interlayer.
As preferably, baffle plate material is plastics, and in baffle plate, is provided with the cavity of sealing.This programme structure makes the buoyancy of baffle plate be greater than gravity.
As preferably, the cross section of hopper is rounded, and the cross section of baffle plate is also rounded.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: have power consumption little, cost is low, feeding is even, adaptable feature; And can effectively solve feeding machine and in feeding procedure, can cause feed waste and feed to be subject to the time of tide, the problem that feeding machine lost efficacy, cannot work.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of hopper of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of impeller of the present invention.
In figure: column 1, all bull sticks 2, vertical fairlead 3, the second vertical guide rod 4, hopper 5, rocker piece 6, interlayer 7, top discharge hole 8, motor 9, nut 10, baffle plate 11, vertical screw rod 12, connecting portion 13, polished rod 14, guiding hopper 15, impeller 16, lower through-hole 17, the first vertical guide rod 18, relief hole 19, upper through hole 20, axle sleeve 21, blade 22, cushion rubber layer 23, bottom discharge hole 24.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of aquaculture feeding system, comprises column 1, all bull sticks 2 that can rotate around column, hopper 5 and be arranged on the rocker piece 6 on hopper lateral surface.Week bull stick 2 ends are provided with vertical fairlead 3, and vertically the inwall of fairlead is provided with vertical guide groove.Hopper 5 end faces are provided with the second vertical guide rod 4, the second vertical guide rod sides and are provided with the vertical guide block that is extended to top by the second vertical guide rod bottom.The second vertical guide rod 4 can slide up and down and is located in vertical fairlead 3, and vertically guide block is located in vertical guide groove.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the cross section of hopper 5 is rounded.The end face below of hopper cavity is provided with interlayer 7, and forms storage bin in hopper cavity between interlayer 7 and hopper 5 end faces.Interlayer 7 upper surface middle part are provided with motor 9, and interlayer lower surface is provided with the first vertical guide rod 18.Interlayer 7 belows are provided with the baffle plate 11 that can move along the first vertical guide rod.Baffle plate top is provided with cushion rubber layer 23.The cross section of baffle plate 11 is also rounded.The buoyancy of baffle plate 11 is greater than gravity, and specifically, baffle plate material is plastics, and in baffle plate, is provided with the cavity of sealing.Interlayer 7 is provided with some top discharges hole 8, and baffle plate 11 is provided with some bottom discharges hole 24, and top discharge hole and bottom discharge hole are interspersed.Cushion rubber layer 23 is provided with some material holes corresponding with bottom discharge hole.
In the cavity of casing 5, be provided with vertical screw rod 12, this vertical screw rod is connected with the rotor of motor 9 with interlayer 7 through baffle plate 11.Baffle plate 11 middle parts are provided with nut 10 and this nut sleeve is located on vertical screw rod 12.Vertically the lower end of screw rod 12 is provided with coaxial polished rod 14, and the external diameter of polished rod is less than vertical screw flight internal diameter.Vertically between screw rod 12 and polished rod 14, be provided with the connecting portion 13 of vertical connecting screw rod and polished rod.Connecting portion 13 is round table-like, and the end face diameter of connecting portion is less than or equal to screw flight internal diameter.The cross-sectional area of connecting portion 13 reduces from top to bottom gradually.Vertically the screw thread of screw rod 12 down extends in connecting portion 13 sides.Interlayer is located at water surface top, and vertically water surface below is located in the lower end of screw rod.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the bottom of polished rod 14 is provided with impeller 16.Impeller 16 comprises the axle sleeve 21 that is set in polished rod lower end, and some blades 22 being axially evenly distributed on axle sleeve side.Curved and the blade of blade 22 vertically arranges.In the casing cavity of baffle plate 11 belows, be provided with tapered guiding hopper 15.Guiding hopper 15 is fixed on hopper inwall.Guiding hopper 15 lower port rounded and be positioned at impeller directly over.The lower port internal diameter of guiding hopper is less than the external diameter of impeller.Hopper side between guiding hopper 15 and interlayer is provided with some upper through holes 20.Casing 5 sides relative with impeller 16 are provided with some relief holes 19.Casing 5 bottom surfaces relative with impeller are provided with some lower through-holes 17.
The casing 5 of aquaculture feeding system of the present invention is placed in water, and floats on the surface under the effect of rocker piece.The interlayer 7 of hopper 5 is positioned at water surface top, and vertically water surface below is located in the lower end of screw rod 12.
Before system feeds intake, baffle plate 11 is resisted against on interlayer 7 lower surfaces, and feed is placed in the storage bin between interlayer and hopper end face.
In the time that system feeds intake, motor 8 work drive vertical screw rod 12 to rotate.When vertically screw rod 12 rotates, impeller 16 is rotated at outwards mobile current of the interior formation of hopper 5.These current are flowed out by relief hole 19, and form negative pressure in hopper bottom surface and the cavity of guiding between hopper 15, and the water of hopper 15 tops that make to lead is dirty fast.When vertically screw rod 12 rotates, be also displaced downwardly on polished rod 14 along the first vertical guide rod 18 promoting baffle plate 11 under the effect at nut 10.In the process moving down at baffle plate 11, the feed granules in storage bin is discharged on baffle plate 11 by top discharge hole 8, and is progressively dropped in the water in hopper by bottom discharge hole 24; The feed dropping in water is flowed out the current that drive along with impeller by the relief hole of casing side, thereby realizes feeding.
On the other hand, when impeller 16 rotates, hopper 5 will rotate around column 1 along with all bull sticks 2; The area that feeds intake that can increase greatly like this feeding procedure, is conducive to improve feeding efficiency and feeding quality.
After system feeds intake, drive vertical screw rod 12 to reverse by motor 9.Because baffle plate 11 is now placed in water, and the buoyancy of baffle plate is greater than gravity; Baffle plate will float and the screw thread of nut and screw rod lower end be agreed with.Thereby in the process that vertically screw rod 12 reverses, when baffle plate 11 is at buoyancy float downward and after making nut 10 and vertically the screw thread of screw rod 12 lower ends agreeing with; Vertically screw rod 12 will move on drive baffle plate 11, until baffle plate is resisted against on interlayer 7 lower surfaces; Prepare for storing feed before feeding next time.

Claims (8)

1. an aquaculture feeding system, is characterized in that, comprises hopper (5), and the end face of described hopper cavity below is provided with interlayer (7), and forms storage bin in hopper cavity between interlayer and hopper end face; Described interlayer lower surface is provided with the first vertical guide rod (18), and interlayer below is provided with the baffle plate (11) that can move along the first vertical guide rod, and the buoyancy of this baffle plate is greater than gravity; Described interlayer (7) is provided with some top discharges hole (8), and baffle plate is provided with some bottom discharges hole (24), and top discharge hole and bottom discharge hole are interspersed; Described interlayer upper surface middle part is provided with motor (9), is provided with vertical screw rod (12) in described casing cavity, and this vertical screw rod is connected with rotor with interlayer through baffle plate, and baffle plate middle part is provided with nut (10) and this nut sleeve is located on vertical screw rod; Vertically the lower end of screw rod is provided with coaxial polished rod (14), and the external diameter of polished rod is less than vertical screw flight internal diameter; The bottom of described polished rod is provided with impeller (16); The casing side relative with impeller is provided with some relief holes (19), and the tank floor relative with impeller is provided with some lower through-holes (17); Described interlayer (7) is located at water surface top, and vertically water surface below is located in the lower end of screw rod (12); The connecting portion (13) that is provided with vertical connecting screw rod and polished rod between described vertical screw rod (12) and polished rod (14), it is round table-like that connecting portion is, and the end face diameter of connecting portion is less than or equal to screw flight internal diameter; The cross-sectional area of connecting portion reduces from top to bottom gradually; The screw thread of described vertical screw rod (12) down extends in connecting portion side.
2. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the rocker piece (6) being arranged on hopper (5) lateral surface, column (1) and all bull sticks (2) that can rotate around column, this turnover boom end is provided with vertical fairlead (3), and vertically the inwall of fairlead is provided with vertical guide groove; Described hopper end face is provided with the second vertical guide rod (4), and the second vertical guide rod side is provided with the vertical guide block that is extended to top by the second vertical guide rod bottom; The second vertical guide rod (4) can slide up and down and is located in vertical fairlead (3), and vertically guide block is located in vertical guide groove.
3. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the hopper cavity of baffle plate (11) below, be provided with tapered guiding hopper (15), guiding hopper is fixed on hopper inwall, and the lower port of guiding hopper be positioned at impeller directly over; Hopper side between guiding hopper (15) and interlayer (7) is provided with some upper through holes (20).
4. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described guiding hopper lower port is rounded, and the diameter of guiding hopper lower port is less than the external diameter of impeller.
5. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, impeller comprises the axle sleeve that is set in polished rod lower end, and some blades being axially evenly distributed on axle sleeve side, and the curved and blade of described blade vertically arranges.
6. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, baffle plate (11) top is provided with cushion rubber layer (23), and cushion rubber layer is provided with some material holes corresponding with bottom discharge hole.
7. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, baffle plate material is plastics, and in baffle plate, is provided with the cavity of sealing.
8. a kind of aquaculture feeding system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross section of hopper is rounded, and the cross section of baffle plate is also rounded.
CN201210404145.9A 2012-10-22 2012-10-22 Aquaculture feeding system Expired - Fee Related CN103070125B (en)

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