CN103063460A - Planar test device for rock slope destruction and test method thereof - Google Patents
Planar test device for rock slope destruction and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063460A CN103063460A CN2012105879853A CN201210587985A CN103063460A CN 103063460 A CN103063460 A CN 103063460A CN 2012105879853 A CN2012105879853 A CN 2012105879853A CN 201210587985 A CN201210587985 A CN 201210587985A CN 103063460 A CN103063460 A CN 103063460A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planar test device for rock slope destruction and a test method thereof. The structure of the test device includes that a slope model is placed in a groove of a base, two organic glass boards are tightly fixed in screw holes through screws, the two organic glass boards are respectively located between a lower end threaded rod and a middle threaded rod, and between an upper end threaded rod and the slope model, and a cushion block is arranged on the top of the slope model. Slop models are machined in batch and then transferred to the test device to be loaded in sequence. The test device is simple in structure, is suitable for similar models with different widths and lengths, and strictly meets boundary constraint conditions. A loading device can utilize existing equipment fully. The test device is capable of effectively speeding up the test progress, achieving imitating the destruction process of a rock slope under the function of the increasing of the slope top load or gravity, improving test efficiency, and shortening test time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock-soil mechanics experimental technique, relate in particular to plane test unit and experimental technique thereof that a kind of rock side slope destroys.
Background technology
China is a country that landslide disaster comparatively takes place frequently, and is annual because the loss that cause on the landslide is huge.Along with greatly developing of China's capital construction, increasing engineering construction all can run into Landslide Problems.Because the complicacy of Landslide Mechanism, physical experiments become a kind of important research means that the landslide forms of reproducing.Physical experiments is exactly take similarity theory as theoretical foundation, makes the destructive process of simulating side slope with the side slope model of prototype proportion relation according to criterion of similarity.
Existing physical experiments is generally take areal model as main, but boundary condition is not strict, mostly adopts the quasi-plane strain condition.In the test unit of fixed measure, feed in raw material in the process of the test, form predetermined side slope model.Mainly be applicable to soil-slope and large scale rock side slope.Adopt this method, after the side slope model in test unit loads and destroys, could continue to feed in raw material and build next model, cause the test unit utilization factor low, affect the test process, the limit assay number of times.
Summary of the invention
The plane test unit and the experimental technique thereof that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rock side slope to destroy.
This test unit of the first is applicable to the rock side slope model of different model width and length, the boundary condition of side slope model strictly is set, take full advantage of existing loading equipemtn, can simulate the rock side slope slip-crack surface and connect process, disclose slope instability rule and catastrophe mechanism.
It two is that this test method is improved experiment process, has improved test efficiency, has shortened test period.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Elder generation's batch making side slope model transfers them in the test unit successively and loads, and just can accelerate the test process.Adopt this method to require length and the width of test unit to regulate according to the side slope moulded dimension, for the side slope model provides strict edge-restraint condition.For guaranteeing that the side slope model can be transferred to test unit smoothly, in transfer process, be not damaged, the method is applicable to undersized rock side slope model.Small-scale model is conducive to save the experiment material of model, so can increase test number (TN), research emphasis is conceived to also can reduce the cost of test unit simultaneously in the variation of the crucial inducement of slope instability.
1, the plane test unit of rock side slope destruction
The side slope model is positioned in the groove of pedestal, the left side baffle plate is fixed on the pedestal, vertical with pedestal, the right side baffle plate is positioned on the base recess, also vertical with pedestal, the right side baffle plate is can parallel left side baffle plate movable along the guide groove of pedestal, the left side baffle plate is connected two rows to connect with the screw rod that the pedestal middle vertical plane is arranged symmetrically with the right side baffle plate, every row's screw rod is included in three screw rods on the same vertical plane, the middle overstriking of upper end screw rod and lower end screw rod, and screw is arranged, and through screw that two poly (methyl methacrylate) plates are fastening with screw, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate lays respectively between lower end screw rod and middle screw rod and upper end screw rod and the side slope model.If charger is servo Material Testing Machine, cushion block is positioned over side slope model top, test unit is positioned on the bearing plate of servo Material Testing Machine.If charger is the Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine, test unit is positioned in the model casing of Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine.
The loading of test unit can take full advantage of existing equipment, comprises servo Material Testing Machine or Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine.
Further, the guide groove place of pedestal is provided with scale.
2, the plane test method of rock side slope destruction
This test method comprises following steps:
(1) make the side slope mould according to the proportionate relationship between side slope model and the prototype, with gypsum, ground barium sulfate, fine sand and water are prepared the side slope cast material in proportion, and the quality ratio range of each material is: gypsum 10% ~ 50%, ground barium sulfate 10% ~ 50%, fine sand 10% ~ 50%, water 10% ~ 50%.Build the side slope model, adopt mica sheet, polymer flake, soap or wax to preset crackle, simulation joint or tomography, model solidifies the rear demoulding.
(2) dried model is positioned in the test unit pedestal, with the nut screwing clamping on left side baffle plate and the right side baffle plate, again with the screw-driving on screw rod and the screw rod.
(3) if simulating the lower rock side slope of the sloping top loading effect of carrying destroys, this moment, charger was servo Material Testing Machine, and cushion block is positioned over side slope model top, test unit was positioned on the bearing plate of servo Material Testing Machine.If rock side slope destroys under the simulated gravity increasing action, this moment, charger was the Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine, test unit was positioned in the model casing of Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine.
(4) start-up loading device starts Digital Video and continuous shooting camera simultaneously.Along with the increase of load, the crackle in the sloping body begins expansion, until connect, forms macroscopical slipping plane.
(5) finish the rock side slope simulation test after, close charger, close simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera.
(6) continue next model is loaded, repeating step (2) ~ (5) are until finish all tests.
(7) analyze slip-crack surface expansion and perforation situation in Digital Video and the magazine sloping body of continuous shooting, determine slope instability rule and catastrophe mechanism.
The present invention compares the beneficial effect that has with background technology:
(1) test unit novelty simple in structure, cost is low.
(2) the right side baffle plate of test unit can move along being parallel to left side baffle plate direction, can be according to side slope model length regulating device length, adopt 6 screw rods fixing left side baffle plate and right side baffle plate, satisfy the fixedly requirement of Normal Displacement of model left and right side boundary condition.
(3) front plate of test unit and backplate adopt the transparent organic glass material to make, make things convenient for video camera and camera process of landslides, 8 nuts are housed on 4 screw rods, be used for fixedly front plate and backplate, go for different model width, make the positive back side of model boundary condition satisfy fixedly requirement of Normal Displacement.
(4) scale at pedestal guide groove place can determine to be put in the side slope model length in the experimental provision easily and quickly.
(5) test unit can take full advantage of existing equipment, comprises servo Material Testing Machine or Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine; Adopting servo Material Testing Machine can simulate the lower rock side slope of the sloping top loading effect of carrying destroys; Adopt geotechnical centrifuge can the simulated gravity increasing action under rock side slope destroy.
(6) adopt video camera and camera record process of landslides, at utmost eliminate the error that visual inspection brings, and can repeatedly analyze experimentation, improve the accuracy of experimental result.
(7) test method has been improved side slope layer during similar model test flow process, has improved the test unit utilization factor, has accelerated the test process, can increase test number (TN).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
In the test unit of the present invention, side slope model 1 is positioned in the groove of pedestal 2, left side baffle plate 3 is fixed on the pedestal 2, vertical with pedestal 2, the right side baffle plate is positioned on pedestal 2 grooves, also vertical with pedestal 2, right side baffle plate 4 is can parallel left side baffle plate 3 movable along the guide groove of pedestal 2, left side baffle plate 3 is connected the screw rod connection that is arranged symmetrically with the pedestal middle vertical plane with two rows with the right side baffle plate, every row's screw rod is included in the screw rod 5 on the same vertical plane, screw rod 6 and screw rod 7, overstriking in the middle of screw rod 5 and the screw rod 7, and screw is arranged, through screw that poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 8 and machine glass plate 9 is fastening with screw 10, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 8 and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 9 are positioned at screw rod 5, between screw rod 6 and screw rod 7 and the side slope model 1.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the charger of test unit existing equipment be can be able to be taken full advantage of, servo Material Testing Machine or Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine comprised.If charger is servo Material Testing Machine, cushion block 11 is positioned over side slope model 1 top, test unit is positioned on the bearing plate of servo Material Testing Machine.If charger is the Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine, test unit is positioned in the model casing of Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the guide groove place of pedestal 2 is provided with scale.
Embodiment 1: the impact research that the lower master control dip of joint of the sloping top loading effect of carrying destroys rock side slope
(1) certain Highway Lithological Slope, the field geology prospecting shows, the slope body contains a master control joint, analyze the impact that the lower master control dip of joint of the sloping top loading effect of carrying destroys rock side slope, dip of joint is changed to 90 degree from 0 degree, and the inclination angle increment is 15 degree, namely gets respectively 0 degree, 15 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, 75 degree and 90 degree, totally 7 kinds of schemes, every kind of scheme is built three identical models.Make the side slope mould according to the proportionate relationship between side slope model and the prototype, by each material weight proportioning, gypsum: barite: fine sand: water=1:1:2:1 preparation side slope cast material.Build the side slope model, adopt mica sheet simulation master control joint.Model solidifies the rear demoulding, builds next model again.
(2) dried side slope model 1 is positioned in the pedestal 2 of test unit, with the nut screwing clamping on left side baffle plate 3 and the right side baffle plate 4, again the screw 10 on screw rod 5 and the screw rod 7 is tightened.
(3) cushion block 11 is positioned over side slope model 1 top, test unit is positioned on the bearing plate of servo Material Testing Machine.
(4) start servo Material Testing Machine, start simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera.Along with the increase that sloping top loading carries, the crackle in the sloping body begins expansion, until connect, forms macroscopical slipping plane.
(5) finish the rock side slope simulation test after, close charger, close simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera.
(6) continue next model is loaded, repeating step (2) ~ (5) are until finish all tests.
(7) analyze slip-crack surface expansion and perforation situation in Digital Video and the magazine sloping body of continuous shooting, determine that the lower master control dip of joint of the sloping top loading effect of carrying is on the impact of Instability of Rock Slope rule and catastrophe mechanism.
Embodiment 2: the impact research that the master control dip of joint destroys rock side slope under the gravity increasing action
(1) certain Highway Lithological Slope, the field geology prospecting shows, the slope body contains a master control joint, analyze the impact that the master control dip of joint destroys rock side slope under the gravity increasing action, dip of joint is changed to 90 degree from 0 degree, and the inclination angle increment is 15 degree, namely gets respectively 0 degree, 15 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, 75 degree and 90 degree, totally 7 kinds of schemes, every kind of scheme is built three identical models.Make the side slope mould according to the proportionate relationship between side slope model and the prototype, by each material weight proportioning, gypsum: barite: fine sand: water=1:1:2:1 preparation side slope cast material.Build the side slope model, adopt mica sheet simulation master control joint.Model solidifies the rear demoulding, builds next model again.
(2) dried side slope model 1 is positioned in the pedestal 2 of test unit, with the nut screwing clamping on left side baffle plate 3 and the right side baffle plate 4, again the screw 10 on screw rod 5 and the screw rod 7 is tightened.
(3) test unit is positioned in the model casing of Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine.
(4) start the Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine, start simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera.Along with the increase of gravity, the crackle in the sloping body begins expansion, until connect, forms macroscopical slipping plane.
(5) finish the rock side slope failure test after, close charger, close simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera.
(6) continue next model is loaded, repeating step (2) ~ (5) are until finish all tests.
(7) analyze slip-crack surface expansion and perforation situation in Digital Video and the magazine sloping body of continuous shooting, determine that the master control dip of joint is on the impact of Instability of Rock Slope rule and catastrophe mechanism under the gravity increasing action.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the plane test unit that destroys of a rock side slope, it is characterized in that: side slope model (1) is positioned in the groove of pedestal (2), left side baffle plate (3) is fixed on the pedestal, vertical with pedestal (2), the right side baffle plate is positioned on pedestal (2) groove, also vertical with pedestal (2), right side baffle plate (4) is can parallel left side baffle plate (3) movable along the guide groove of pedestal (2), left side baffle plate (3) is connected 4 with the right side baffle plate) connect with the screw rod that the pedestal middle vertical plane is arranged symmetrically with two rows, every row's screw rod is included in the screw rod (5) on the same vertical plane, screw rod (6) and screw rod (7), overstriking in the middle of screw rod (5) and the screw rod (7), and screw is arranged, through screw that poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (8) and machine glass plate (9) is fastening with screw (10), poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (8) and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (9) are positioned at screw rod (5), between screw rod (6) and screw rod (7) and the side slope model (1), side slope model (1) top is placed with cushion block (11).
2. the plane test unit that destroys of rock side slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the guide groove place of pedestal (2) is provided with scale.
3. the experimental technique of the plane test unit of rock side slope destruction according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step: make the side slope mould, with gypsum, ground barium sulfate, fine sand and water are prepared the side slope cast material in proportion, build the side slope model, adopt mica sheet, polymer flake, soap or wax to preset crackle, simulation joint or tomography, the side slope model solidifies the rear demoulding;
Second step: dried side slope model is positioned in the pedestal (2) of test unit, with the nut screwing clamping on left side baffle plate (3) and the right side baffle plate (4), again the screw (10) on screw rod (5) and the screw rod (7) is tightened;
The 3rd step: destroy if simulate the lower rock side slope of the sloping top loading effect of carrying, this moment, charger was servo Material Testing Machine, and cushion block (11) is positioned over side slope model (1) top, test unit was positioned on the bearing plate of servo Material Testing Machine; If rock side slope destroys under the simulated gravity increasing action, charger is the Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine, test unit is positioned in the model casing of Geotechnical Centrifugal Model Test machine;
The 4th step: the start-up loading device starts Digital Video and continuous shooting camera simultaneously;
The 5th step: after finishing the rock side slope failure test, close charger, close simultaneously Digital Video and continuous shooting camera;
The 6th step: continue next side slope model is loaded, repeat second step ~ the 5th step, until finish all tests;
The 7th step: analyze slip-crack surface expansion and perforation situation in Digital Video and the magazine sloping body of continuous shooting, determine Instability of Rock Slope rule and catastrophe mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210587985.3A CN103063460B (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2012-12-29 | The flat test device that a kind of rock side slope destroys and experimental technique thereof |
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| CN103063460B CN103063460B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103728238A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Model for testing stability of side slope comprising weak intercalated layer |
| CN104677739A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 东北大学 | Three-dimensional model test platform device for dual-structure soil slope failure |
| CN104751725A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-01 | 河海大学 | Side slope landslide teaching demonstration device and experiment method |
| CN105842419A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Side slope model manufacturing method with actual structure and material character represented |
| CN106198339A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-07 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of covering layer slope seepage flow characteristics considering rainfall infiltration and stability model |
| CN109974593A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-05 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body cavity expansion |
| CN113899621A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-01-07 | 北京工业大学 | Slope stability test system with replaceable rough joints and variable joint dip angles |
| CN114578026A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Model test device and method for water-induced degradation research of rock slope |
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| CN106198339A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-07 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of covering layer slope seepage flow characteristics considering rainfall infiltration and stability model |
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| CN109974593A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-05 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body cavity expansion |
| CN109974593B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-09-25 | 太原理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for simulating expansion of soil body column hole |
| CN113899621A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-01-07 | 北京工业大学 | Slope stability test system with replaceable rough joints and variable joint dip angles |
| CN113899621B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-12-29 | 北京工业大学 | Slope stability test system with changeable rough joints and changeable joint dip angles |
| CN114578026A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Model test device and method for water-induced degradation research of rock slope |
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