CN103062569B - A kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer - Google Patents
A kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103062569B CN103062569B CN201310009357.1A CN201310009357A CN103062569B CN 103062569 B CN103062569 B CN 103062569B CN 201310009357 A CN201310009357 A CN 201310009357A CN 103062569 B CN103062569 B CN 103062569B
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Abstract
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer, comprise internal layer perforated pipe, end flanges, barreled housing, end flanges is respectively with internal layer perforated pipe with barreled housing is airtight is connected thus forms chamber, compressible spring member is filled in chamber, internal layer perforated pipe one end connects inlet tube, the other end connection outlet pipe, internal layer perforated pipe is provided with the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe.Compact structure of the present invention, eliminates traditional accumulator aerating and exhaust device, during its work can with the change of system static pressure power self balancing; This silencing apparatus combines the advantage of anti-formula silencing apparatus and accumulator, and frequency of noise elimination adjustability is strong, effectively can suppress wideband hydrodynamic force noise.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of silencing apparatus, specifically for suppressing the silencing apparatus of pipeline system water kinetic noise.
Background technique
Pipe-line system is device common in the every field of national economy and daily life, as domestic water pipeline and cooling water pipeline etc. are all prevalent in various ships, but the vibration noise of water lines is not also well controlled so far, how to reduce a difficult problem that pipe-line system noise remains puzzlement people.
The impact of charging line noise is noise in pipeline by tube wall to external radiation and radiation in outlet port is directly to environment, produces considerable influence to the work of people and life.Pressure pulsation also directly causes stress fluctuation and the mechanical vibration of pipeline, particularly when ripple frequency and pipe-line system natural frequency close to time, there is very large destruction.Such as all there is both at home and abroad airplane hydraulic pipeline to break and cause the event of engine combustion, air crash, also once repeatedly oil transport pipeline break accident occurred.A kind of special circumstances of pipeline pressure pulsation are water hammers common in water lines, and the line rupture protection valve accident caused by water hammer is both at home and abroad a lot.
Generally mainly contain following several to the vibration and noise reducing measure that charging line system is often taked: one is the flow pulsation reducing the pipeline component such as pump, valve; Two is the angles from load system, reduces the input resistance of system, then in the corresponding minimizing of same flow pulsation downforce pulsation meeting; Three is in pipeline, install the supplementary equipment such as liquid silencing apparatus, decays and filtering to pressure pulsation.In pipeline, wherein install liquid silencing apparatus is a kind of most widely used method.
Existing hydrodynamic noise silencing apparatus mainly contain developed by air silencer expanssion type, inner-intubation, reactive muffling structure and the accumulator such as resonant.
There is following difficulty in reactive muffling structured liquids muffler desing: first, frequency one timing liquid medium in sound wave wavelength ratio air in wavelength large more than four times, under identical frequency of noise elimination, the size of silencing apparatus certainly will increase, but size increase can be subject to the restriction of installing space; Secondly, sound absorption conventional in air dielectric, sound insulating material are all entrant sound substantially in liquid medium, and water liquid medium silencing apparatus should not design by the perforation structure often adopted in air silencer design.
Accumulator goes out to send decay pressure pulsation from load system, accumulator is installed and effectively can reduces pipeline fluid pulsation and noise, but the general volume of existing accumulator is larger, frequency of noise elimination is single, is thus difficult to the hydrodynamic force noise suppressing wideband, and for the Environmental Conditions that system static pressure power changes, accumulator needs additional aerating and exhaust device with balance sysmte static pressure, which further increases its volume, increase the complexity of its structure, limit its application in the confined space.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide eliminate traditional accumulator aerating and exhaust device and can with the change of system static pressure power a kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer of self balancing.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer of the present invention, it is characterized in that: comprise internal layer perforated pipe, end flanges, barreled housing, end flanges is respectively with internal layer perforated pipe with barreled housing is airtight is connected thus forms chamber, compressible spring member is filled in chamber, internal layer perforated pipe one end connects inlet tube, the other end connection outlet pipe, internal layer perforated pipe is provided with the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, the internal layer perforated pipe outer wall being positioned at chamber side installs outer perforated pipe, outer perforated pipe is provided with the perforation of outer perforated pipe, be connected by adjusting screw, the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe, the perforation of outer perforated pipe between internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe, bored a hole the relative position of adjustable internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe by adjusting screw, the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe, outer perforated pipe.
2, outer perforated pipe installs wire gaze, the size of wire gaze mesh cannot be passed as the upper limit with compressible spring member.
3, the punching rate of internal layer perforated pipe is 50%, and internal layer perforated pipe penetration hole diameter is 10mm.
4, the punching rate of internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe is 50%, and the diameter of the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe and the perforation of outer perforated pipe is 10mm.
5, described compressible spring member is the regular spheroid of closed inflation or irregular spheroid, and the size between compressible spring member and material are all inconsistent.
Advantage of the present invention is: compact structure of the present invention, eliminates traditional accumulator aerating and exhaust device, during its work can with the change of system static pressure power self balancing; This silencing apparatus combines the advantage of anti-formula silencing apparatus and accumulator, and frequency of noise elimination adjustability is strong, effectively can suppress wideband hydrodynamic force noise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that single inflation bead is positioned over the transmission loss figure caused in chamber;
Fig. 3 is that the size of inflation bead is to the influence curve figure of transmission loss peak value;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram one that punching rate regulates;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram two that punching rate regulates;
Fig. 6 is perforation schematic diagram one;
Fig. 7 is perforation schematic diagram two.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing citing, the present invention is described in more detail:
Composition graphs 1 ~ 7, the present invention has the outer perforated pipe 2 of cylindrical shape that a cylindrical shape internal layer perforated pipe 1, is coaxially placed, and internal layer perforated pipe 1 is closed with its end flanges 13 and is connected, and outer perforated pipe 2 is coated with wire gaze 22; Outer perforated pipe 2 forms a chamber with its end flanges 13, tubular shell 3, chamber interior be filled with multiple inflation beads or other shape, close, compressible spring member 4, bead or other shape, closed, compressible spring member 4 are of different sizes; Relative position between internal layer perforated pipe 1 and outer perforated pipe 2 can be changed by adjusting screw 23; The right side 34 of tubular shell 3 is connected by bolt 35 with the left side 51 of outlet pipe section, and whole silencing apparatus is connected to water piping system by the entry end flange 24 of internal layer perforated pipe and the right-hand member flange 52 of outlet pipe section.
Chamber interior places inflation bead or other shape, close, compressible spring member 4, because the compressibility of elastic element 4 is good, therefore the velocity of sound in elastic element 4 is significantly less than the velocity of sound in water, the structural parameter of suitable selection elastic element, when making the incident acoustic wave of certain frequency be applied to bead surface, incident sound impedance levels off to 0, reach the object of noise elimination, due to each elastic element be close and independently, when elastic element is placed in working fluid, its enclosed, outer surface is subject to well-distributed pressure, so when the system static pressure power of charging line changes, the compressible spring member closed expands or shrinks and balance outside system static pressure power, the material of elastic element or physical dimension difference, thus make silencing apparatus have multiple different frequency of noise elimination, reach the object that wideband is eliminated the noise.
Cylindrical shape internal layer perforated pipe 1 and the outer perforated pipe 2 of cylindrical shape are punch block at middle part, do not bore a hole near two-end part, the punching rate of perforated pipe is 50%, the penetration hole diameter of each perforated pipe is 10mm, two perforated pipes are coaxially placed, regulate the relative axial position of two perforated pipes by adjusting screw 23 thus change the space contact ratio (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6) of two perforation pipeline sections, thus changing the punching rate of whole silencing apparatus, and then changing the frequency of noise elimination of silencing apparatus.
Outer perforated pipe 2 is coated with wire gaze 22, and the mesh of wire gaze 22, not make elastic element 4 by the perforation of perforated pipe for upper dimension bound, fully touches elastic element 4 in chamber for lower size limit to enable the fluid of internal layer perforated pipe 1 inside.The effect of wire gaze is: when the rapid drawdown of system static pressure power or piping flow fluctuate larger, protection elastic element 4 is not cut by sharp-pointed perforated edge, stops that elastic element makes it can not flow in pipe-line system through perforated pipe simultaneously.
Internal layer perforated pipe 1 is closed with end flanges 13 and is connected; Internal layer perforated pipe end flanges 13 and tubular shell 3 are bolted, and arrange seal arrangement between them; Outer perforated pipe 2 forms a chamber with internal layer perforated pipe end flanges 13, tubular shell 3, and the right side 34 of tubular shell 3 is connected by bolt 35 with the left side 51 of outlet pipe section, arranges seal arrangement 36 between them; Whole silencing apparatus is connected to water piping system by the entry end flange 24 of internal layer perforated pipe 1 and the right-hand member flange 52 of outlet pipe section.
Using perforated pipe the import and export of silencing apparatus to be coupled together is fluid resistance losses in order to reduce fluid.Sound wave enters into chamber by the aperture on the wall of perforated pipe, reflects at the front/rear end place of chamber, interferes, and realizes eliminating the noise.For the flowing of tube fluid, the introducing of perforated pipe is equivalent to add a boot bridge, enables current for being smoothly through, thus will reduce fluid resistance losses.
The punching rate of double-deck perforated pipe is adjustable, and two perforated pipes are coaxially placed, and regulates the relative axial position of two perforated pipes thus changes the space contact ratio of two perforation pipeline sections, thus change the punching rate of whole silencing apparatus by adjusting screw 23; Punching rate and piercing aperture change perforation impedance thus make its acoustical behavior adjustable.
When the punching rate of perforated pipe is lower, the influence of them of introducing to silencing apparatus of perforated pipe is less, intermediate frequency acoustic attenuation performance is improved a lot, limited on the impact of high frequency acoustic attenuation performance, punching rate is lower, the fluid impedance losses of silencing apparatus is less, and particularly when velocity in pipes is larger, the effect of perforated pipe is more obvious; Along with the increase of punching rate, effective noise elimination frequency band increases.As total punching rate >25%, perforated pipe can not be considered the impact of acoustical behavior, and whole silencing apparatus is presented as expansion chamber characteristic.
After incident acoustic wave enters into silencing apparatus, first the impedance mismatch in the flow area sudden contraction of entrance face flange 13 place, reflects, and portions incident sound wave, in the right side 34 place flow area sudden expansion exporting tubular shell, impedance mismatch occurs, and reflects, superpose in the process that this two-part reflected wave is upstream propagated, when the axial length of tubular shell equals the odd-multiple of 1/4 incident acoustic wave wavelength, the phase 180o of two-part reflected wave and destructive interference occurs, at this moment under the frequency that incoming wave is corresponding, there is maximum noise reduction, when the axial length of tubular shell equals the even-multiple of 1/4 incident acoustic wave wavelength, under the frequency that incoming wave is corresponding, there is minimum noise reduction, simultaneously due to inflation bead or other shape, close, the velocity of sound of compressible spring member 4 inside is significantly less than the velocity of sound in flowing medium, impedance mismatching is there is when incident acoustic wave is delivered to elastic element surface, the corresponding intrinsic frequency of noise elimination of each elastic element, particularly when the natural frequency of incident sound wave frequency and elastic element is coincide, fluid particle is at inflation bead or other elastic element surface high vibration, sound wave incident impedance on the contact surface levels off to 0, the acoustic pressure of namely inflating bead or other elastic element 4 surface levels off to 0, incident acoustic wave there occurs strong reflection and under making this frequency, silencing apparatus is provided with maximum noise reduction.
Putting into of using finite element software the to calculate transmission loss that single inflation bead causes as shown in Figure 2.Can see in the drawings, after adding inflation bead in chamber, a transmission loss peak value can be introduced at bead natural frequency place.The size of inflation bead on the impact of transmission loss as shown in Figure 3.If the physical dimension of the multiple elastic elements put into is different, thus makes silencing apparatus have multiple different frequency of noise elimination, the object that wideband is eliminated the noise just can be reached.
Internal layer perforated pipe 1 is covered with the aperture 11 of aperture φ 10mm, punching rate 50%, internal layer perforated pipe 1 welds with its inlet piping flanges 24, and internal layer perforated pipe 1 welds with its end flanges 13 simultaneously, and on end flanges 13, there are 8 bolts hole local.The internal diameter of outer perforated pipe 2 is identical with the external diameter of internal layer perforated pipe 1, and penetration hole diameter, punching rate are identical with internal layer perforated pipe 1, and the right-hand member of outer perforated pipe 2 is processed with adjustment hole 24 as shown in Figure 6; The periphery of outer perforated pipe 2 is coated with layer of metal silk screen 22 and prevents elastic element 4 through perforated pipe; Outer perforated pipe 2 coaxial sleeve, on internal layer perforated pipe 1, regulates the axial relative displacement of two perforated pipes just to change the coincidence factor in the space of two-layer perforated pipe.
The left side flange 31 of tubular shell is evenly equipped with 8 bolts hole, corresponding with the uniform bolt hole of 8 on internal layer perforated pipe end face 13.Perforated pipe is deeply in the through hole of the right side 34 of tubular shell 3, and the end flanges 13 of internal and external layer perforated pipe is connected by bolt 33 with the left side flange 31 of tubular shell, junction surface is equipped with seal arrangement 32.
Outer pipe 5 is identical with the inner and outer diameter of inlet tube 25, and the left end of outer pipe welds with end face 51, and right-hand member welds with muffler outlet flange 52.
The right side 34 of tubular shell 3 is evenly equipped with 8 bolts hole, corresponding with 8 the uniform bolts hole on the left side 51 of outlet pipe section.Tubular shell 3 is connected by bolt 35 with outlet pipe section 5, junction surface is equipped with seal arrangement 36.
The outer periphery of perforated pipe 2 and the internal surface of tubular shell 3 and former and later two end faces 13,34 form a chamber, be filled with in chamber inflation bead or other shape, close, compressible spring member 4.
Whole silencing apparatus is linked in pipe-line system by inlet flange 24 and outlet(discharge) flange 52, during work, the liquid of line upstream enters into silencing apparatus inside by suction flange 24, partially liq enters into chamber by perforated pipe, when the static pressure of system changes, closed, compressible spring member 4 balances the system static pressure power of outside by expanding or shrinks.
Liquid carries hydrodynamic noise, and hydrodynamic noise is cut down by two kinds of mechanism in chamber interior.One is: incident-noise reduces suddenly place at the place of inlet channel cross section sudden enlargement and outlet flow cross section and all reflects, when the axial length of chamber equals the even-multiple of 1/4 incident acoustic wave wavelength, cancelling out each other of two row reflective sound waves, be reflected to the peak value of the corresponding transmission loss of transmission loss curve this frequency upper, when the axial length of chamber equals the odd-multiple of 1/4 incident acoustic wave wavelength, 0 value of corresponding transmission loss.The now transmission loss of whole silencing apparatus has the expansion chamber characteristic of arch; When regulating punching rate to smaller value, the transmission loss of whole silencing apparatus has resonant characteristic.The mechanism two of noise reduction is: when the hydrodynamic noise of characteristic frequency incides bead, incident impedance levels off to 0, namely fluid particle is at inflation bead or other elastic element surface high vibration, but the acoustic pressure on surface levels off to 0, reaches the object of eliminating the noise at characteristic frequency place with this.Because multiple closed, compressible spring member has multiple different frequency of noise elimination, reach the object of eliminating the noise at wideband with this.
Claims (4)
1. a Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer, it is characterized in that: comprise internal layer perforated pipe, end flanges, barrel cover, end flanges is respectively with internal layer perforated pipe with barrel cover is airtight is connected thus forms chamber, compressible spring member is filled in chamber, internal layer perforated pipe one end connects inlet tube, the other end connection outlet pipe, internal layer perforated pipe is provided with the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe; Described compressible spring member is the regular spheroid of closed inflation or irregular spheroid, and the size between compressible spring member and material are all inconsistent; The internal layer perforated pipe outer wall being positioned at chamber side installs outer perforated pipe, outer perforated pipe is provided with the perforation of outer perforated pipe, be connected by adjusting screw, the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe, the perforation of outer perforated pipe between internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe, bored a hole the relative position of adjustable internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe by adjusting screw, the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe, outer perforated pipe.
2. a kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: outer perforated pipe installs wire gaze, and the size of wire gaze mesh cannot be passed as the upper limit with compressible spring member.
3. a kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the punching rate of internal layer perforated pipe is 50%, and internal layer perforated pipe penetration hole diameter is 10mm.
4. a kind of Pressure-auto-balanchydrodynamic hydrodynamic noise silencer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the punching rate of internal layer perforated pipe and outer perforated pipe is 50%, and the diameter of the perforation of internal layer perforated pipe and the perforation of outer perforated pipe is 10mm.
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