CN103060694B - Preparation method of improved medium/low-carbon chrome-silicon-manganese martensite cast steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of improved medium/low-carbon chrome-silicon-manganese martensite cast steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of improved medium/low-carbon chrome-silicon-manganese martensite cast steel. The improved medium/low-carbon chrome-silicon-manganese martensite cast steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.26-0.4 wt% of C, 0.95-1.3 wt% of Si, 0.70-1.20 wt% of Mn, 0.70-1.10 wt% of Cr, less than 0.05 wt% of impurity and the balance of Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, cooling with wet sand, sanding the surface with jet sand, keeping the temperature of 830-860 for 550-600 seconds, carrying out isothermal quenching or slack quenching at 180-230 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 120-240 seconds, keeping the temperature of 340-430 DEG C for 180-300 seconds, and quenching to room temperature. The steel part treated by the method has certain plasticity on the premise of maintaining high strength, and has obviously higher comprehensive mechanical properties than that of the traditional technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of martensitic cast steel, belong to steel making field, particularly relate to and a kind ofly there is high strength and high-plasticity and the preparation method of the middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel of the high improvement of surface hardness simultaneously.
Background technology
In high-abrasive material is produced, middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel occupies sizable proportion.Middle low-carbon martensitic steels are generally used for the quenched and tempered steel of high strength, and have very high intensity and toughness, hardening capacity is higher, and cold deformation plasticity is medium, and machinability is good.Because it is not containing precious metal element, low price, be used for the various strength members manufacturing high loading, high speed, as gear, axle, clutch coupling, sprocket wheel, grinding wheel spindle, axle sleeve, bolt, nut etc., also for the manufacture of wear-resisting, that working temperature is not high part, the welding assembly of variable load, as the blade of high pressure blower, valve plate and non-aggressive pipeline pipe, also being applied to space shuttle axle, beam and landing gear etc. and the crucial load-carrying member such as space rocket, nuclear industry, is a commercial class low-alloy super-strength steel the earliest.
As everyone knows, martensite has two kinds of substructures, a kind of twin crystal martensite, and its hardness high fragility is large; One is dislocatrion martensite, and its hardness high tenacity is good.Domestic martensite wear resistant steel is not containing Ni, and cast steel uneven components, therefore twin crystal martensite content ratio is higher, toughness is tentatively not enough.In addition, middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel has temper brittleness to be inclined to, and prior heat treatment process carries out temper after being generally quenching again.But traditional thermal treatment process can not take into account the requirement of high strength and good plasticity and toughness: if reduce tempering temperature to keep its about tensile strength 1500-1600MPa, then plasticity lower (unit elongation is about 3%-6% only), the very high easy generation low stress brittle fracture of crack sensitivity; If improve tempering temperature can improve plasticity (unit elongation > 10%), but intensity declines to a great extent to 1000-1100MPa.For this reason, need to develop simple and easy to do slack quenching-isothermal partition New Technology of Heat Treatment, under the prerequisite ensureing suitable plasticity, significantly improve the tensile strength of steel, or significantly improve plasticity and toughness while guarantee high strength, thus realize the difference cooperation of high strength, high-plasticity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the deficiencies in the prior art part, provides a kind of preparation method of middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel of improvement.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel of improvement, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) according to following component configuration raw material (wt%):
C：0.26～0.4
Si：0.95～1.3
Mn：0.70～1.20
Cr：0.70～1.10
Impurity: <0.05
Surplus is Fe;
In medium frequency response ratio melting, first melting carbon steel, ferrochrome loads with material, and after furnace charge is melting down, furnace temperature reaches 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C and adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese material piece size are 50 ~ 60mm, then carry out molten alloy;
2) come out of the stove with after aluminium deoxidation, adopt clay-bonded sand, tidal stencils, be cast into foundry goods;
3) by particle diameter being sandstone and the water of 1-3mm, mixing according to the ratio of 1.5-2.5 parts by volume sandstone with 1 parts by volume water, obtain damp sand, then by step 2) foundry goods that obtains imbeds in damp sand and cools, and the controlled cooling model time is 5 hours;
4) then the mixture of nitrogen and fine sand blowed to nozzle the steel piece surface that step 3) obtains, wherein the particle diameter of fine sand is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm, and the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is (10 ~ 20): 1, and the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is 50 ~ 100MPa;
5) obtained foundry goods steel is incubated at the temperature of 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C 550 ~ 600s and completes whole austenitizing process;
6) after step 5), then isothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at 180 ~ 230 DEG C of temperature, insulation 120s ~ 240s;
7) by the steel part through step 6) process, in the temperature range of 340 DEG C ~ 430 DEG C, insulation 180s ~ 300s, and then be quenched to room temperature, obtain final steel part.
Obtained foundry goods steel, by lot of experiments, first by suitable component and the obtained middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel foundry goods of proportioning, then in thermal treatment process, is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C, namely higher than A by the present invention
c3550 ~ 600s is incubated, to complete whole austenitizing process, wherein A at the temperature of above 40 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C
c3for hypoeutectoid steel heat time, all ferrites all change austenitic temperature into; Then at 180 ~ 230 DEG C, namely lower than the martensite start temperature M of cast steel
sisothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at the temperature of following 120-70 DEG C, insulation 120s ~ 240s, obtain partial martensite and do not change austenite, then at the temperature range inside holding of 340 DEG C ~ 430 DEG C, carbon is made to spread from first forming martensite to not changing austenite and make it stabilization, finally be quenched into room temperature, obtain the heterogeneous structure be made up of martensite and rich carbon austenitic.Relative to traditional Q-tempering technique, thermal treatment process of the present invention can make martensitic steel obviously improve plasticity and toughness under the prerequisite keeping strength level.Cooling after forging is particularly important, and the method adopting damp sand to cool in the present invention is carried out, and is that the sandstone of 3mm mixes with 1 parts by volume water according to 2 parts by volume sandstones with water, obtains damp sand by particle diameter, then the intermediate after forging is imbedded and wherein cools.In addition, adopt the de-scaling of gas sand, the squamous material in foundry goods process can be made effectively to remove, and through experiment, sample is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm at the particle diameter of fine sand, the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is (10 ~ 20): 1, the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is under the condition of 50 ~ 100MPa, not easy damaged steel piece surface, and again can not produce oxidation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, in method of the present invention obtains, the tensile strength of low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel reaches more than 1600MPa, and plasticity is more than 10% simultaneously.While this steel series of guarantee keeps high strength, have certain plasticity concurrently, and comprehensive mechanical property significantly improves than traditional Q-tempering thermal treatment process.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1) according to following component configuration raw material (wt%):
C：0.26
Si：0.95
Mn：0.70
Cr：0.70
Impurity: <0.05
Surplus is Fe;
In medium frequency response ratio melting, first melting carbon steel, ferrochrome loads with material, and after furnace charge is melting down, furnace temperature reaches 1580 DEG C and adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese material piece size are 60mm, then carry out molten alloy;
2) come out of the stove with after aluminium deoxidation, adopt clay-bonded sand, tidal stencils, be cast into foundry goods;
3) by particle diameter being sandstone and the water of 1mm, mixing according to the ratio of 1.5 parts by volume sandstones with 1 parts by volume water, obtain damp sand, then by step 2) foundry goods that obtains imbeds in damp sand and cools, and the controlled cooling model time is 5 hours;
4) then the mixture of nitrogen and fine sand blowed to nozzle the steel piece surface that step 3) obtains, wherein the particle diameter of fine sand is 0.5mm, and the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is 10:1, and the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is 50MPa;
5) obtained foundry goods steel is incubated 550s at the temperature of 830 DEG C and completes whole austenitizing process;
6) after step 5), then isothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at 180 DEG C of temperature, insulation 120s;
7) by the steel part through step 6) process, in the temperature range of 340 DEG C, insulation 180s, and then be quenched to room temperature.
Through above-mentioned steps, the steel part obtained is the heterogeneous structure be made up of low carbon martensite and rich carbon austenitic, and after tested, tensile strength is 1640MPa, and plasticity reaches 11.9%.
Embodiment 2
1) according to following component configuration raw material (wt%):
C：0.28
Si：1.1
Mn：0.90
Cr：0.95
Impurity: <0.05
Surplus is Fe;
In medium frequency response ratio melting, first melting carbon steel, ferrochrome loads with material, and after furnace charge is melting down, furnace temperature reaches 1590 DEG C and adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese material piece size are 50mm, then carry out molten alloy;
2) come out of the stove with after aluminium deoxidation, adopt clay-bonded sand, tidal stencils, be cast into foundry goods;
3) by particle diameter being sandstone and the water of 2mm, mixing according to the ratio of 2 parts by volume sandstones with 1 parts by volume water, obtain damp sand, then by step 2) foundry goods that obtains imbeds in damp sand and cools, and the controlled cooling model time is 5 hours;
4) then the mixture of nitrogen and fine sand blowed to nozzle the steel piece surface that step 3) obtains, wherein the particle diameter of fine sand is 1mm, and the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is 15:1, and the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is 80MPa;
5) obtained foundry goods steel is incubated 580s at the temperature of 840 DEG C and completes whole austenitizing process;
6) after step 5), then isothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at 210 DEG C of temperature, insulation 180s;
7) by the steel part through step 6) process, in the temperature range of 390 DEG C, insulation 230s, and then be quenched to room temperature.
Through above-mentioned steps, the steel part obtained is the heterogeneous structure be made up of low carbon martensite and rich carbon austenitic, and after tested, tensile strength is 1730MPa, and plasticity reaches 13.1%.
Embodiment 3
1) according to following component configuration raw material (wt%):
C： 0.4
Si： 1.3
Mn： 1.20
Cr： 1.10
Impurity: <0.05
Surplus is Fe;
In medium frequency response ratio melting, first melting carbon steel, ferrochrome loads with material, and after furnace charge is melting down, furnace temperature reaches 1600 DEG C and adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese material piece size are 60mm, then carry out molten alloy;
2) come out of the stove with after aluminium deoxidation, adopt clay-bonded sand, tidal stencils, be cast into foundry goods;
3) by particle diameter being sandstone and the water of 3mm, mixing according to the ratio of 2.5 parts by volume sandstones with 1 parts by volume water, obtain damp sand, then by step 2) foundry goods that obtains imbeds in damp sand and cools, and the controlled cooling model time is 5 hours;
4) then the mixture of nitrogen and fine sand blowed to nozzle the steel piece surface that step 3) obtains, wherein the particle diameter of fine sand is 1.5mm, and the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is 20:1, and the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is 100MPa;
5) obtained foundry goods steel is incubated 600s at the temperature of 860 DEG C and completes whole austenitizing process;
6) after step 5), then isothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at 230 DEG C of temperature, insulation 240s;
7) by the steel part through step 6) process, in the temperature range of 440 DEG C, insulation 180s ~ 300s, and then be quenched to room temperature.
Through above-mentioned steps, the steel part obtained is the heterogeneous structure be made up of low carbon martensite and rich carbon austenitic, and after tested, tensile strength is 1710MPa, and plasticity reaches 12.7%.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for the middle low-carbon (LC) chrome-silicon manganese martensitic cast steel improved, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) according to following component configuration raw material (wt%):
C：0.26～0.4
Si：0.95～1.3
Mn：0.70～1.20
Cr：0.70～1.10
Impurity: <0.05
Surplus is Fe;
In medium frequency response ratio melting, first melting carbon steel, ferrochrome loads with material, and after furnace charge is melting down, furnace temperature reaches 1580 ~ 1600 DEG C and adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and ferrosilicon, ferromanganese material piece size are 50 ~ 60mm, then carry out molten alloy;
2) come out of the stove with after aluminium deoxidation, adopt clay-bonded sand, tidal stencils, be cast into foundry goods;
3) by particle diameter being sandstone and the water of 1-3mm, mixing according to the ratio of 1.5-2.5 parts by volume sandstone with 1 parts by volume water, obtain damp sand, then by step 2) foundry goods that obtains imbeds in damp sand and cools, and the controlled cooling model time is 5 hours;
4) then the mixture of nitrogen and fine sand blowed to nozzle the steel piece surface that step 3) obtains, wherein the particle diameter of fine sand is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm, and the volume ratio of nitrogen and fine sand is (10 ~ 20): 1, and the jet pressure of blowout nozzle is 50 ~ 100MPa;
5) obtained foundry goods steel is incubated at the temperature of 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C 550 ~ 600s and completes whole austenitizing process;
6) after step 5), then isothermal quenching or slack quenching is carried out at 180 ~ 230 DEG C of temperature, insulation 120s ~ 240s;
7) by the steel part through step 6) process, in the temperature range of 340 DEG C ~ 430 DEG C, insulation 180s ~ 300s, and then be quenched to room temperature, obtain final steel part.
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