CN103060614A - Nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and application thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103060614A CN103060614A CN2012105225820A CN201210522582A CN103060614A CN 103060614 A CN103060614 A CN 103060614A CN 2012105225820 A CN2012105225820 A CN 2012105225820A CN 201210522582 A CN201210522582 A CN 201210522582A CN 103060614 A CN103060614 A CN 103060614A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and an application thereof. An employed technical scheme is that the nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material is composed of, by weight percent: 95.0-99.9 % of self-melting alloy powder and 0.1-5.0 % of nickel-coated graphite. A laser cladding coating process comprises taking the self-melting alloy powder and the nickel-coated graphite, uniformly mixing by a ball milling method or a grinding method, using a preset method or a powder feeding method, and using a continuous CO2 laser device for laser cladding on a substrate. A content of the nickel-coated graphite varies widely. The nickel-coated graphite is uniform and dense in coating structure, excellent in wear resistance and antifriction performances, and good in metallurgy combination with substrates, can meet requirements of carbon steel and alloy steel for friction and wear performance in different working conditions. A coating preparation process is high in scale and automation degree, and thus the nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material can be widely applied in fields of aerospace, machinery, automobile, military industry, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the material surface modifying technology field, relate to particularly a kind of method that has the nickel bag graphite matrix material of self-lubricating property and prepare self-lubricating coat in use with laser melting and coating technique in substrate surface.
Background technology
Rapid increase along with modern mechanical and mechanical operation speed and load, and the development of aerospace, military project and nuclear energy technology, many working conditions are in oil-free lubricatoin or few oil lubrication state, propose more strict performance requriements to material this moment, it not only will have excellent wear resisting property, also should have good antifriction performance.And adopt traditional alloy designs thinking to be difficult to satisfy above-mentioned requirement.Because the friction and wear failure behavior all comes from piece surface and develops into gradually inner destruction, therefore, adopt advanced surface engineering technology, directly the actual privileged site preparation one deck that bears the effects such as contact friction wearing and tearing of piece surface have low-friction coefficient, excellent wear-resisting property, and body material be the specific coatings of firm metallurgical binding, will be one of a kind of the most effective, most economical, the most flexible and tool designability method.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite with self-lubricating property.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt laser cladding method to prepare one deck at substrate surface to have wear-resisting and Wear vesistance, and the coating of self-lubricating property.
Nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite provided by the invention by weight percentage, is comprised of the self-melting alloy powder of 95.0-99.9% and the nickel coated graphite powder of 0.1-5.0%.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, described self-melting alloy powder is nickel-base alloy powder.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, described nickel coated graphite powder is comprised of the nickel of 70-80% and the graphite of 20-30% by weight percentage.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, the size range of described self-melting alloy powder and nickel coated graphite powder are 30-180 μ m.
Employing laser cladding coating technique provided by the invention, have wear-resisting and Wear vesistance in the substrate surface preparation, and the method for self-lubricating property coating is as follows:
1) by above-mentioned proportioning, takes from fusibleness alloy powder and nickel coated graphite powder, adopt ball milled or polishing, evenly mix, make the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite;
2) method or powder-feeding method are preset in employing, with the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, at the continuous CO of matrix surface utilization
2Laser apparatus carries out laser melting coating; The described method that presets is: the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite evenly is preset at matrix surface, and thickness is 0.2-1.0mm; Control powder feeding rate is 1.0-6.0g/min in the described powder-feeding method;
3) the laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2.5-4.5KW, and sweep velocity 2.0-6.0mm/s, spot diameter 2.0-6.0mm, overlapping rate 10-40%, rare gas element are argon gas or helium.
Principle of the present invention is: according to the operating mode needs of substrate surface, add the nickel bag graphite powder of certain stoichiometric ratio in the self-melting alloy powder.Composite granule under protection of inert gas, adopts and to preset method or powder-feeding method carries out laser melting coating, to obtain the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite coating after sufficiently mixing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is take Ni-based as self-melting alloy, make coating have good wear-resisting, anti-corrosion and antioxidant property, simultaneously Ni-based and multiple base material has good wettability, easily obtain extent of dilution low, with the wear-resistant coating of matrix maintenance metallurgical binding.Graphite is as a kind of solid lubricant, faint Van der Waals force between the hexagon laminate structure that it is special and thin layer, make graphite layers have low shearing resistance, under the effect that is subject to friction and Extrusion and heat, easily shift forming lubricated transfer film at frictional interface, thereby show high antifriction performance.The present invention adopts the nickel bag graphite powder, interpolation nickel has strengthened the wettability of graphite and coating matrix material, reduce the laser ablation of graphite granule, suppress the metallic element generation carburizing reagent in graphite and the coating, make graphite granule in coating, at utmost keep original form, significantly improve the wear Characteristics of piece surface.Nickel bag graphite content scope of the present invention is large; the coating structure even compact; wear-resisting excellent with Wear vesistance; and has good metallurgical binding between the matrix; can satisfy carbon steel, steel alloy member under different working conditions to the friction and wear behavior requirement; and the mass-producing of coating preparation process and level of automation are high, can be widely used in the fields such as aerospace, machinery, automobile and military project.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 2 is the SEM pattern of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating;
Among the figure, (a) Ni45; (b) Ni45+0.12wt%Ni/C; (c) Ni45+0.48wt% Ni/C;
（d）Ni45+1.5wt%Ni/C；（e）Ni45+2.61wt%Ni/C；（f）Ni45+3.83wt%?Ni/C。
Fig. 3 is representative configuration and the distribution of graphite in the embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 4 is embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating microhardness.
Fig. 5 is the frictional coefficient of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 6 is the wear resisting property of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further specified.
1 one kinds of nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composites of embodiment and application thereof
1) nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite: by weight percentage, the granularity of getting 96.17-99.88% is that the nickel-base alloy powder of 45-180 μ m and the granularity of 0.12-3.83% are the nickel coated graphite powder of 38 μ m, then, adopt ball mill that the composite granule for preparing is evenly mixed.Design parameter is during mixing: drum's speed of rotation 300rpm, and mixing time 5h makes respectively five kinds of proportioning (b:99.88%Ni45+0.12wt%Ni/C; C:99.52%Ni45+0.48wt%Ni/C; D:98.5%Ni45+1.5wt%Ni/C; E:97.39%Ni45+2.61wt%Ni/C; F:96.17%Ni45+3.83wt%Ni/C) nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite.Wherein, described nickel coated graphite powder is comprised of 75% nickel and 25% graphite by weight percentage;
2) adopt the method that presets, the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite evenly is preset at 300M steel surface (matrix surface), thickness is 1.0mm; Under argon shield, utilize the 5KW cross-flow co2 laser to carry out the multi-track overlapping laser melting coating;
3) the laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 3.0KW, and sweep velocity 3.0mm/s, spot diameter 5.0mm, overlapping rate 20%, inert protective gas is argon gas.
Result: form one deck nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating on the steel surface.
The XRD figure spectrum of embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating as shown in Figure 1.As seen from the figure, the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content mainly is by γ-Ni, Ni
3B, M
23C
6And M
7C
3Form mutually.
The SEM pattern of embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating as shown in Figure 2.As seen, the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content all presents typical dentrite+eutectic structure shape characteristic.
The representative configuration of graphite and distribution are as shown in Figure 3 in the embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.As seen, the distribution of graphite in compound coating is very even, and keeps original spherical-like morphology feature.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating microhardness as shown in Figure 4.Along with the increase of nickel bag graphite content, the compound coating average microhardness increases to HV700 gradually by HV625.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating frictional coefficient as shown in Figure 5.The frictional coefficient of the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content is between 0.41-0.47.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating wear resisting property as shown in Figure 6.The wear volume of the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content is between 2 ' 10
-3-4.8 ' 10
-3Mm
3Between.
Claims (4)
1. a nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite is characterized in that: by weight percentage, be comprised of the self-melting alloy powder of 95.0-99.9% and the nickel coated graphite powder of 0.1-5.0%.
2. according to nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nickel coated graphite powder is comprised of the nickel of 70-80% and the graphite of 20-30% by weight percentage.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composites, it is characterized in that: the size range of described self-melting alloy powder and nickel coated graphite powder is 30-180 μ m.
4. laser cladding coating technique is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) by proportioning claimed in claim 3, takes from fusibleness alloy powder and nickel coated graphite powder, adopt ball milled or polishing, evenly mix, make the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite;
2) method or powder-feeding method are preset in employing, with the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, at the continuous CO of matrix surface utilization
2Laser apparatus carries out laser melting coating; The described method that presets is: the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite evenly is preset at matrix surface, and thickness is 0.2-1.0mm; Control powder feeding rate is 1.0-6.0g/min in the described powder-feeding method;
3) the laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2.5-4.5KW, and sweep velocity 2.0-6.0mm/s, spot diameter 2.0-6.0mm, overlapping rate 10-40%, rare gas element are argon gas or helium.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106756998A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | A kind of Ni-based cladding layer of Laser Cladding on Titanium Alloy and its preparation technology |
| CN107524449A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-29 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of shield machine resistive connection trowel seat and its manufacture method |
| CN108914041A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high temperature resistant hydrochloric acid corrosion resistant synthetic furnace composite material and preparation method |
| CN109055826A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖彰鸿工程技术有限公司 | A kind of raising wearability roll laser cladding alloy material and application method |
| CN111575704A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中国民航大学 | Rare earth-containing titanium alloy surface self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575703A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中国民航大学 | Ceramic reinforced graphite self-lubricating coating on titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof |
| CN111778420A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 广东科学技术职业学院 | Graphite/metal-based self-lubricating composite material and 3D printing preparation method thereof |
| CN111774757A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-16 | 天津中德应用技术大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant flux-cored wire containing nickel-coated graphite component and welding method thereof |
| RU2739924C1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-12-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Гранит" | Method of producing composite material based on nickel and graphite |
| CN114749660A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-15 | 西安工业大学 | Method for improving high-temperature strength of Inconel718 laser deposition layer |
| CN114833339A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-08-02 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant powder metallurgy friction material and temperature-resistant brake pad as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115627388A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Multi-element carbon material synergistic wear-resistant antifriction nickel-based material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115786772A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Recycled diamond crushed material and graphene composite doped modified nickel-based alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115976512A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-18 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Nickel-based wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and ultrahigh-speed laser cladding preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (19)
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| CN106756998A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | A kind of Ni-based cladding layer of Laser Cladding on Titanium Alloy and its preparation technology |
| CN107524449A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-29 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of shield machine resistive connection trowel seat and its manufacture method |
| CN107524449B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2024-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | Anti-mud-caking cutter seat for shield machine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108914041A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high temperature resistant hydrochloric acid corrosion resistant synthetic furnace composite material and preparation method |
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| RU2739924C1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-12-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Гранит" | Method of producing composite material based on nickel and graphite |
| CN111774757A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-16 | 天津中德应用技术大学 | Self-lubricating wear-resistant flux-cored wire containing nickel-coated graphite component and welding method thereof |
| CN111575703A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中国民航大学 | Ceramic reinforced graphite self-lubricating coating on titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575704A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中国民航大学 | Rare earth-containing titanium alloy surface self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN111778420A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 广东科学技术职业学院 | Graphite/metal-based self-lubricating composite material and 3D printing preparation method thereof |
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| CN114749660A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-15 | 西安工业大学 | Method for improving high-temperature strength of Inconel718 laser deposition layer |
| CN114833339A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-08-02 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant powder metallurgy friction material and temperature-resistant brake pad as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115627388A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Multi-element carbon material synergistic wear-resistant antifriction nickel-based material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115786772A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Recycled diamond crushed material and graphene composite doped modified nickel-based alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115976368A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-04-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Self-lubricating nickel-based composite material for laser or electric arc induced diamond graphitization and preparation method thereof |
| CN115627388B (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-03-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Multi-carbon material synergistic wear-resistant antifriction nickel-based material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115976512A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-18 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Nickel-based wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and ultrahigh-speed laser cladding preparation method thereof |
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