CN103060614B - Nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and application thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material and an application thereof. An employed technical scheme is that the nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material is composed of, by weight percent: 95.0-99.9 % of self-melting alloy powder and 0.1-5.0 % of nickel-coated graphite. A laser cladding coating process comprises taking the self-melting alloy powder and the nickel-coated graphite, uniformly mixing by a ball milling method or a grinding method, using a preset method or a powder feeding method, and using a continuous CO2 laser device for laser cladding on a substrate. A content of the nickel-coated graphite varies widely. The nickel-coated graphite is uniform and dense in coating structure, excellent in wear resistance and antifriction performances, and good in metallurgy combination with substrates, can meet requirements of carbon steel and alloy steel for friction and wear performance in different working conditions. A coating preparation process is high in scale and automation degree, and thus the nickel-coated graphite self-lubricating composite material can be widely applied in fields of aerospace, machinery, automobile, military industry, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material surface modifying technology field, relate to particularly and a kind ofly there is the nickel bag graphite matrix material of self-lubricating property and prepare the method for self-lubricating coat in use with laser melting and coating technique in substrate surface.
Background technology
Along with the sharply increase of modern mechanical and mechanical operation speed and load, and the development of aerospace, military project and nuclear energy technology, many working conditions are in oil-free lubricatoin or few oil lubrication state, now more strict performance requriements is proposed to material, it not only will have excellent wear resisting property, also should have good antifriction performance.And adopt traditional alloy designs thinking to be difficult to meet above-mentioned requirement.All come from piece surface due to friction and wear failure behavior and develop into inner destruction gradually, therefore, adopt advanced surface engineering technology, on the actual privileged site bearing the effects such as contact friction wearing and tearing of piece surface, directly preparing one deck have low-friction coefficient, excellent wear-resisting property, be the specific coatings that strong metallurgical is combined with body material, will be one of the most effective, most economical, the most flexible and most designability method of one.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite with self-lubricating property.
Another object of the present invention adopts laser cladding method to prepare one deck at substrate surface to have wear-resisting and Wear vesistance, and the coating of self-lubricating property.
Nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite provided by the invention, by weight percentage, is made up of the self-melting alloy powder of 95.0-99.9% and the nickel coated graphite powder of 0.1-5.0%.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, described self-melting alloy powder is nickel-base alloy powder.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, described nickel coated graphite powder, is made up of the nickel of 70-80% and the graphite of 20-30% by weight percentage.
Above-mentioned nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, described self-melting alloy powder and the size range of nickel coated graphite powder are 30-180 μm.
Employing laser cladding coating technique provided by the invention, have wear-resisting and Wear vesistance, and the method for self-lubricating property coating is as follows in substrate surface preparation:
1) by above-mentioned proportioning, take from fusibleness alloy powder and nickel coated graphite powder, adopt ball milled or polishing, Homogeneous phase mixing, makes nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite;
2) adopt preset method or powder-feeding method, by nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite, utilize continuous CO at matrix surface
2laser apparatus carries out laser melting coating; Described preset method is: nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite is evenly preset at matrix surface, and thickness is 0.2-1.0mm; Controlling powder feeding rate in described powder-feeding method is 1.0-6.0g/min;
3) laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2.5-4.5KW, sweep velocity 2.0-6.0mm/s, spot diameter 2.0-6.0mm, overlapping rate 10-40%, and rare gas element is argon gas or helium.
Principle of the present invention is: according to the operating mode needs of substrate surface, adds the nickel bag graphite powder of certain stoichiometric ratio in self-melting alloy powder.Composite granule after sufficiently mixing, under protection of inert gas, adopts preset method or powder-feeding method to carry out laser melting coating, to obtain nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is self-melting alloy with Ni-based, coating is made to have good wear-resisting, anti-corrosion and antioxidant property, Ni-based and multiple base material has good wettability simultaneously, easily obtains the wear-resistant coating that extent of dilution is low, keep metallurgical binding with matrix.Graphite is as a kind of solid lubricant, Van der Waals force faint between its special hexagon laminate structure and thin layer, make graphite layers have low shearing resistance, under the effect being subject to friction and Extrusion and heat, easily form lubrication transfer film in frictional interface transfer, thus show high antifriction performance.The present invention adopts nickel bag graphite powder, add the wettability that nickel enhances graphite and coating matrix material, reduce the laser ablation of graphite granule, suppress the metallic element generation carburizing reagent in graphite and coating, make graphite granule at utmost retain original form in the coating, significantly improve the wear Characteristics of piece surface.Nickel bag graphite content scope of the present invention is large; coating structure even compact; wear-resisting excellent with Wear vesistance; and there is between matrix good metallurgical binding; carbon steel, alloy steel member can be met under different working condition to friction and wear behavior requirement; and the mass-producing of coating preparation process and level of automation high, the fields such as aerospace, machinery, automobile and military project can be widely used in.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 2 is the SEM pattern of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating;
In figure, (a) Ni45; (b) Ni45+0.12wt%Ni/C; (c) Ni45+0.48wt% Ni/C;
（d）Ni45+1.5wt%Ni/C；（e）Ni45+2.61wt%Ni/C；（f）Ni45+3.83wt% Ni/C。
Fig. 3 is representative configuration and the distribution of graphite in embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 4 is embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating microhardness.
Fig. 5 is the frictional coefficient of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Fig. 6 is the wear resisting property of embodiment nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated.
embodiment 1 one kinds of nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composites and application thereof
1) nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite: by weight percentage, the granularity of getting 96.17-99.88% to be the nickel-base alloy powder of 45-180 μm and the granularity of 0.12-3.83% the be nickel coated graphite powder of 38 μm, then, ball mill is adopted to carry out Homogeneous phase mixing to the composite granule prepared.During mixing, design parameter is: drum's speed of rotation 300rpm, mixing time 5h, makes five kinds of proportioning (b:99.88%Ni45+0.12wt%Ni/C respectively; C:99.52%Ni45+0.48wt%Ni/C; D:98.5%Ni45+1.5wt%Ni/C; E:97.39%Ni45+2.61wt%Ni/C; F:96.17%Ni45+3.83wt%Ni/C) nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite.Wherein, described nickel coated graphite powder, is made up of the nickel of 75% and the graphite of 25% by weight percentage;
2) adopt preset method, nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite is evenly preset at 300M steel surface (matrix surface), thickness is 1.0mm; Under argon shield, utilize 5KW cross-flow co2 laser to carry out multi-track overlapping laser melting coating;
3) laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 3.0KW, sweep velocity 3.0mm/s, spot diameter 5.0mm, overlapping rate 20%, and inert protective gas is argon gas.
Result: form one deck nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating on steel surface.
The XRD figure spectrum of embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating as shown in Figure 1.As seen from the figure, the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content is mainly by γ-Ni, Ni
3b, M
23c
6and M
7c
3formed mutually.
The SEM pattern of embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating as shown in Figure 2.Visible, the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content all presents typical dentrite+eutectic structure shape characteristic.
In embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating graphite representative configuration with distribution as shown in Figure 3.Visible, the distribution of graphite in compound coating is very even, and keeps original spherical-like morphology feature.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating microhardness as shown in Figure 4.Along with the increase of nickel bag graphite content, compound coating average microhardness increases to HV700 gradually by HV625.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating frictional coefficient as shown in Figure 5.The frictional coefficient of the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content is between 0.41-0.47.
Embodiment gained nickel bag graphite self-lubricating Ni base composite coating wear resisting property as shown in Figure 6.The wear volume of the compound coating of different nickel bag graphite content is between 2 ' 10
-3-4.8 ' 10
-3mm
3between.
Claims (1)
1. a laser cladding coating technique, is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) by weight percentage, the granularity of getting 97.39% to be the nickel-base alloy powder of 45-180 μm and the granularity of 2.61% the be nickel coated graphite powder of 38 μm, adopts ball mill Homogeneous phase mixing, must consist of the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite of 97.39%Ni45+2.61%Ni/C; Or by weight percentage, the granularity of getting 96.17% to be the nickel-base alloy powder of 45-180 μm and the granularity of 3.83% the be nickel coated graphite powder of 38 μm, adopts ball mill Homogeneous phase mixing, must consist of the nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite of 96.17%Ni45+3.83%Ni/C; Wherein, described nickel coated graphite powder, is made up of the nickel of 75% and the graphite of 25% by weight percentage;
2) adopt preset method, nickel bag graphite self-lubricating composite is evenly preset at matrix surface, thickness is 1.0mm; Multi-track overlapping laser melting coating is carried out under argon shield;
3) laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 3.0KW, sweep velocity 3.0mm/s, spot diameter 5.0mm, overlapping rate 20%, and rare gas element is argon gas.
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| CN115976512B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-06-30 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Nickel-based wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and ultra-high-speed laser cladding preparation method thereof |
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