CN103060084A - Method for leaching and processing residual oil of tea cakes - Google Patents
Method for leaching and processing residual oil of tea cakes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103060084A CN103060084A CN2013100301625A CN201310030162A CN103060084A CN 103060084 A CN103060084 A CN 103060084A CN 2013100301625 A CN2013100301625 A CN 2013100301625A CN 201310030162 A CN201310030162 A CN 201310030162A CN 103060084 A CN103060084 A CN 103060084A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009873 edible fat and oil processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 67
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000035101 Aspartic proteases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005502 Aspartic proteases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for leaching and processing residual oil in tea cakes and relates to the technical field of edible fat and oil processing. The technological process of the method comprises the following steps of: preparing materials, carrying out crude extraction, primary separation and secondary separation, passing though a column, refining at a high temperature and filtrating. The method has the characteristics of simpleness in technology, low production cost, high recovery rate of residual oil and the like, can be used for extracting and processing the residual oil in the tea cakes and also can be used for extracting and processing the residual oil in oil cakes formed after oil is extracted from rape seed cakes or other oil plants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the food oils processing technique field, particularly a kind of leaching and working method of tea cake Residual oil.
Technical background
Oil tea is the distinctive woody oleiferous plants of China, also is one of oil crops of greatly developing of China.The oil tea comprehensive utilization value is very high, contains abundant unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, the trace element of vitamin-E, squalene isoreactivity material and needed by human body.The tea cake is the slag of tea fruit remainder after oil expression, at present, domestic tea oil processing mostly is workshop-based processing, traditional oil expression mode is also adopted in oil expression, tea oil residual quantity after oil expression in the tea cake is up to 5-10%, and not process processing and the utilization of tea cake, thereby, wasted a large amount of tea cake raw material and tea oil.Chinese patent (application number is 200810059992.X) " Extraction Processes of Residual oil in the cake of camellia oleifera seeds ", disclosed extraction process, step is as follows: (1) is take cake of camellia oleifera seeds as raw material, pulverizing is soaked by acidic solution high temperature, under 70 ℃-100 ℃ condition, at the uniform velocity stir and keep then it being ground more than 10 minutes; (2) enzymolysis: add to pulverize the aspartic protease of sample sample dry weight 0.02-1% or cellulase or the mixed enzyme of the two and at the uniform velocity stirred enzymolysis 2-4 hour in 45-55 ℃, the concentration of enzyme is 0.02-1%, and optimum concn is 0.04%; (3) separating treatment: enzymolysis solution is directly isolated free edible vegetable oil through after centrifugal.And for example Chinese patent (application number is 200810203958.5) " extracts the method for Residual oil and tea saponin " a kind of tea seed cake after extracting oil, its technological process is mainly: to the tea seed cake after the oil expression through pulverize and drying and processing after, adopt industrial hexane or Petroleum ether extraction Residual oil, the Residual oil that extracts is obtained crude oil after distilling the removal solvent; The solvent that steaming is taken off is recyclable to be reused, the tea seed cake that has extracted behind the Residual oil adopts 85%~95% alcohol steep tea saponin, heating in water bath backflow 2~3H under 70~80 ℃ of temperature, after filtration, behind the distillation and concentration, obtain the tea saponin strong solution, adopt again the H2O2 of gac or the 35% concentration processing of decolouring, add a certain amount of acetone in the solution after the processing, left standstill 1~2 hour, and treated that the tea saponin Precipitation was complete, after filtration, be drying to obtain the tea saponin product.
Technology contents
The object of the present invention is to provide the Residual oil that a kind of technique is simple, production cost is lower, the Oil residue recuperation rate is higher to extract and working method.
For realizing its purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is leaching and the working method of a kind of tea cake Residual oil of invention, and its technical process is as follows:
A, get the raw materials ready: the fresh tea cake is pulverized, crossed the 40-100 order, become tea cake powder, for subsequent use;
B, just carry: tea cake powder for subsequent use is placed container, add 60~100 ℃ of hot water of equivalent weight, stirred 1~4 hour, to the whole mixings of feed liquid, become moisture mixed powder; Then, with the tiling of moisture mixed powder, at-20~0 ℃ of freezing 1~12h, ice, Residual oil are collected for the first time Residual oil of separation by initial gross separation gradually to allow contained water through the fluidization refrigerator; With the mixed powder after freezing, slightly strike and split again, allow wrapped part Residual oil separate, collect the Residual oil that separates for the second time and mix with the Residual oil that separates for the first time, get thick Residual oil, for subsequent use;
C, flash liberation: propyl carbinol is mixed with the volume ratio of water by 1~3.5:1, make mixed solvent, again mixed solvent is mixed with the part by weight of thick Residual oil by 1~4:1, and being heated to 50~100 ℃, hold-time 1~5h separates, filters, collect the upper strata Residual oil, for subsequent use;
D, secondary separation: upper strata Residual oil for subsequent use is mixed with 30~55 ℃ of warm water of equivalent weight, stirs, make mixing solutions, again through the fluidization refrigerator at-20~0 ℃ of quick-frozen 1~4h, allow all ice of water, collect the Residual oil that oozes out, for subsequent use;
E, cross post: with Residual oil for subsequent use, mistake polymeric amide and diatomite mixing column, coutroi velocity is 10~50ml/min, collects the Residual oil behind the post, becomes the post Residual oil, and is for subsequent use; The model of used polymeric amide is that PA610, diatomaceous model are SH-500;
F, high temperature refining: the post Residual oil of crossing for subsequent use is inserted in the high temperature resistant encloses container, be heated to 80~150 ℃, vacuum degree control is at 0.1~0.6Mpa, and the time is 1~6h, separate while hot, filter, collect the upper strata oil solution, be cooled to room temperature after, put into freezer, place 1~6h at-10~0 ℃, collect isolated tea oil, get refining oil, for subsequent use;
G, filtration: refining oil for subsequent use under 1~5Mpa pressure, is filtered through the supermicro filtration membrane device, collect the refining oil after filtering, be finished product tea oil.
Polymeric amide and diatomaceous weight proportion are 1:1~2.5 in the e step, and the diatomite particle diameter is chosen as 0.5~2mm.
The supermicro filtration membrane device that adopts in the g step is the PVDF hollow fiber membrane device, and the aperture is 0.1~1 μ m.
Leaching and the working method of tea cake Residual oil of the present invention have adopted the method for hot-water soak, fluidization subzero fractionation, and Residual oil is extracted from the tea cake; And adopted flash liberation, secondary separation, the processing steps such as mistake post, high temperature refining and filtration, the Residual oil that extracts is processed; Thereby its technique is fairly simple, and production cost is also lower, and its Oil residue recuperation rate can reach 94.8%, and is higher 8~10 percentage points than existing various Residual oil extraction processes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.Following explanation is the mode that exemplifies, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Leaching and the working method of the tea cake Residual oil of the present embodiment, its technical process is as follows:
A, get the raw materials ready: get after the just oil expression of individual workship of farmers' tea cake 1000kg(after testing, the tea oil residual quantity is 5.6%), with its pulverizing, cross 40 eye mesh screens, get tea cake powder, for subsequent use;
B, just carry: tea cake powder for subsequent use is placed container, add 70 ℃ of hot water of 1000kg, stirred 2 hours, to the whole mixings of feed liquid, become moisture mixed powder; Then, with the moisture mixed powder tiling of mixing, thickness is that 3.4cm(adopts this thickness, is conducive to powder accumulation, is unlikely to wandering; Simultaneously, also be conducive to moisture and concentrate, be unlikely to disperse; And, be conducive to freezing caking; Too thickly be unfavorable for follow-up breaking into pieces), drop in the fluidization refrigerator, at-15 ℃ of freezing 4h, allow contained water gradually the residual tea oil of ice then with the liquid form outflow, by initial gross separation; Collect the Residual oil 42kg that separates for the first time; With freezing moisture mixed powder, use stainless steel ware again, slightly strike and split, allow wrapped part Residual oil separate, collect the Residual oil that separates for the second time and mix with the Residual oil that separates for the first time, get thick Residual oil 78kg, for subsequent use;
C, flash liberation: propyl carbinol is mixed with the part by weight of water by 2:1, make mixed solvent, mixed solvent is mixed with the part by weight of thick Residual oil by 1:1 again, be heated to 80 ℃, hold-time 4h separates, filters, and collects upper strata Residual oil 71kg, and is for subsequent use;
D, secondary separation: upper strata Residual oil for subsequent use is mixed with 42 ℃ of warm water of 71kg, stir, make mixing solutions, amount to 142kg, again through the fluidization refrigerator at-10 ℃ of quick-frozens (with the quick-frozen of quickfrozen food time the same) 2h, allow all ice of water, tea oil still oozes out with liquid form, and the residual impurity of part is iced parcel, reaches the purpose of separation, the Residual oil 66kg that collection is oozed out, for subsequent use;
E, mistake post: with Residual oil for subsequent use, cross polymeric amide and diatomaceous mixing column, being prepared as of mixing column: with polymeric amide 20kg and diatomite 30kg mixing (diatomaceous particle diameter is 1mm), the bore of packing into is to become mixing column in the stainless steel column of 0.5m, coutroi velocity is 50ml/min, collected post Residual oil 59kg, for subsequent use; The model of used polymeric amide is that PA610, diatomaceous model are SH-500;
F, high temperature refining: the post Residual oil 59kg that crosses for subsequent use is inserted in the high temperature resistant encloses container, be heated to 120 ℃, vacuum degree control is at 0.4Mpa, and the time is 3h, separates while hot, filters, and collects the upper strata oil solution; Then the oil solution of collecting is cooled to room temperature, puts into freezer, place 4h at-8 ℃, collect isolated tea oil, get refining oil 55.2kg, for subsequent use;
G, filtration: refining oil for subsequent use under 2.5 Mpa pressure, is filtered through supermicro filtration membrane device (adopt the PVDF hollow-fibre membrane, the aperture is 0.6 μ m), collect the refining oil after filtering, tea oil 53.1kg gets product.
Leaching and the working method of tea cake Residual oil of the present invention both can be used for extracting and process the Residual oil in the tea cake, also can be used for extracting and process the Residual oil in rapeseed cake or other oil plant oil cake after through oil expression.
Claims (3)
1. leaching and the working method of a tea cake Residual oil is characterized in that technical process is as follows:
A, get the raw materials ready: the fresh tea cake is pulverized, crossed 40~100 orders, become tea cake powder, for subsequent use;
B, just carry: tea cake powder for subsequent use is placed container, add 60~100 ℃ of hot water of equivalent weight, stirred 1~4 hour, to the whole mixings of feed liquid, become moisture mixed powder; Then, with the tiling of moisture mixed powder, at-20~0 ℃ of freezing 1~12h, ice, Residual oil are collected for the first time Residual oil of separation by initial gross separation gradually to allow contained water through the fluidization refrigerator; With the mixed powder after freezing, slightly strike and split again, allow wrapped part Residual oil separate, collect the Residual oil that separates for the second time and mix with the Residual oil that separates for the first time, get thick Residual oil, for subsequent use;
C, flash liberation: propyl carbinol is mixed with the volume ratio of water by 1~3.5:1, make mixed solvent, again mixed solvent is mixed with the part by weight of thick Residual oil by 1~4:1, and being heated to 50~100 ℃, hold-time 1~5h separates, filters, collect the upper strata Residual oil, for subsequent use;
D, secondary separation: upper strata Residual oil for subsequent use is mixed with 30~55 ℃ of warm water of equivalent weight, stirs, make mixing solutions, again through the fluidization refrigerator at-20~0 ℃ of quick-frozen 1~4h, allow all ice of water, collect the Residual oil that oozes out, for subsequent use;
E, cross post: with Residual oil for subsequent use, mistake polymeric amide and diatomite mixing column, coutroi velocity is 10~50ml/min, collects the Residual oil behind the post, becomes the post Residual oil, and is for subsequent use;
F, high temperature refining: the post Residual oil of crossing for subsequent use is inserted in the high temperature resistant encloses container, be heated to 80~150 ℃, vacuum degree control is at 0.1~0.6Mpa, and the time is 1~6h, separate while hot, filter, collect the upper strata oil solution, be cooled to room temperature after, put into freezer, place 1~6h at-10~0 ℃, collect isolated tea oil, get refining oil, for subsequent use;
G, filtration: refining oil for subsequent use under 1~5Mpa pressure, is filtered through the supermicro filtration membrane device, collect the refining oil after filtering, be finished product tea oil.
2. according to claim 1 leaching and the working method of described tea cake Residual oil, it is characterized in that: polymeric amide and diatomaceous weight proportion are 1:1~2.5 in the e step, the diatomite particle diameter is chosen as 0.5~2mm.
3. according to leaching and the working method of claim 1 or 2 described tea cake Residual oils, it is characterized in that: the supermicro filtration membrane device that adopts in the g step is the PVDF hollow fiber membrane device, and the aperture is 0.1~1 μ m.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103409228A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-27 | 吴东顺 | Making process of Gaoligong mountain ancient tea oil |
CN103421612A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南大三湘油茶科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing oil by using tea oil residues |
CN108587773A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | A kind of print adds the production technology of fruit oil |
CN108822957A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of changeable polar solvent producing grain and oil and method |
CN115029179A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 浙江久晟油茶科技有限公司 | Preparation method of zero-trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil |
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CN1068360A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-01-27 | 湖南师范大学 | From oil tea (tea-seed) grouts, extract the technology of tea oil and saponin |
CN101235398A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2008-08-06 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Technique for extracting residual oil from oil-tea camellia pomace by enzyme method |
CN101423544A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-06 | 上海大学 | Method for extracting residual oil and tea saponin from tea seed cake after oil extraction |
CN102746939A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-24 | 国家粮食储备局西安油脂科学研究设计院 | Method for extracting tea saponin and tea seed oil with mixed solvent |
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Patent Citations (4)
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CN1068360A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-01-27 | 湖南师范大学 | From oil tea (tea-seed) grouts, extract the technology of tea oil and saponin |
CN101235398A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2008-08-06 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Technique for extracting residual oil from oil-tea camellia pomace by enzyme method |
CN101423544A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-06 | 上海大学 | Method for extracting residual oil and tea saponin from tea seed cake after oil extraction |
CN102746939A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-24 | 国家粮食储备局西安油脂科学研究设计院 | Method for extracting tea saponin and tea seed oil with mixed solvent |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103409228A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-27 | 吴东顺 | Making process of Gaoligong mountain ancient tea oil |
CN103409228B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-07 | 吴东顺 | Making process of Gaoligong mountain ancient tea oil |
CN103421612A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南大三湘油茶科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing oil by using tea oil residues |
CN108587773A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | A kind of print adds the production technology of fruit oil |
CN108822957A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of changeable polar solvent producing grain and oil and method |
CN115029179A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 浙江久晟油茶科技有限公司 | Preparation method of zero-trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil |
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