CN115029179A - Preparation method of zero-trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of zero-trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029179A CN115029179A CN202210694731.5A CN202210694731A CN115029179A CN 115029179 A CN115029179 A CN 115029179A CN 202210694731 A CN202210694731 A CN 202210694731A CN 115029179 A CN115029179 A CN 115029179A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of zero-trans fatty acid camellia seed oil, and belongs to the technical field of camellia seed oil processing. The invention prepares the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under the cold temperature condition, and fully introduces the water into the frozen camellia seed cake; the oil tea seed powder containing ice is subjected to cold-temperature pressing, oil can be pressed by utilizing the difference between water and oil solidifying points, ice crystals in the oil containing ice at a cold temperature can be slowly melted and separated out in the layering spiral separation process, soluble impurities in the oil can be dissolved in water, and the oil tea seed oil crude product is obtained after the water phase is removed. Impurities in the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil can be removed through subsequent centrifugation, and moisture in the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil is further removed through drying. The whole process is carried out at a lower temperature, so that the generation of trans-fatty acids and the loss of nutrient elements in the high-temperature squeezing and high-temperature refining processes are avoided, the content of the trans-fatty acids in the obtained camellia seed oil is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%, and the quality requirement of the zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil tea seed oil processing, in particular to a preparation method of oil tea seed oil with zero trans-fatty acid.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standard, people pay more and more attention to healthy life, which makes people pay more attention to the safety problem of edible oil and fat. Trans-fatty acid is a kind of unsaturated fatty acid, the spatial conformation of which is linear similar to that of saturated fatty acid, and 2 hydrogen atoms combined with 2 carbon atoms on the double bond are respectively arranged at two sides of the carbon chain, and are generated in large quantity due to the processes of refining, decoloring and deodorizing oil. Excessive intake of trans fatty acids can increase blood cholesterol and thus increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
In recent years, with the innovation of the processing technology of camellia oleifera and the improvement of the refining degree, the conventional quality problems are basically solved, but the problem of high trans-fatty acid content still exists, which is mainly related to the excessive processing of camellia oleifera seed oil. The excessive processing of the camellia seed oil is mainly embodied in an excessive refining section. In the refining process, the addition amount of alkali is excessive, the addition amount of carclazyte exceeds the standard (10-20 kg of carclazyte is used for one ton of oil), the deodorization temperature is too high (240-260 ℃ or even higher), the deodorization time is too long (2-3 h), and the like, so that new harmful substance trans-fatty acid is inevitably generated, natural beneficial micronutrients in the camellia oleosa seed oil can be removed, and the loss of nutrients such as vitamin E, phytosterol, squalene and the like is aggravated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of camellia seed oil with zero trans-fatty acid, the preparation method provided by the invention can retain the nutritional quality of camellia seeds, and the content of trans-fatty acid in the obtained camellia seed oil is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out extrusion forming on the camellia seed raw material under the cold temperature condition to obtain a frozen camellia seed cake;
(2) under the cold-warm condition, punching a plurality of holes in the frozen camellia seed cake, and injecting water into the holes to obtain honeycomb iced camellia seed cake;
(3) crushing the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under a cold temperature condition to obtain iced camellia seed powder;
(4) squeezing the ice-containing camellia seed powder under the condition of cold temperature to obtain ice-containing cold-temperature solid oil;
(5) carrying out stratification spiral separation on the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid oil, removing a water phase, and collecting a crude oil-tea camellia seed oil, wherein the temperature of the stratification spiral separation is 0 ℃;
(6) sequentially centrifuging and drying the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil to obtain the zero-trans fatty acid oil-tea camellia seed oil;
the temperature of the cooling temperature in the steps (1) - (4) is independently-10 to-5 ℃.
Preferably, the pressure for extrusion molding in the step (1) is 300-400N, and the pressure maintaining time is 18-25 min.
Preferably, the holes in the step (2) are through holes, the diameter of each hole is 2-3.5 cm, and the number of the holes in each square meter of frozen camellia seed cake is 150-210.
Preferably, the particle size of the ice-containing camellia seed powder is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the pressing pressure in the step (4) is 1.7-2.2 MPa.
Preferably, the separation rate of the layered spiral separation in the step (5) is 10-15 kg/min.
Preferably, the temperature of centrifugation in the step (6) is 3-5 ℃, the speed is 6000-7000 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min.
Preferably, the drying in the step (6) is nitrogen spray drying, the temperature of the nitrogen spray drying is 37-60 ℃, the pressure of the nitrogen is 0-0.5 MPa, and the flow is 200-300L/min.
Preferably, the content of the camellia oleosa seed oil in the camellia oleosa seed raw material in the step (1) is 28-32 wt%, the content of the plasticizer is less than or equal to 5.8mg/kg, the content of benzo (a) pyrene is less than or equal to 4 mu g/kg, and the content of aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 mu g/kg.
Preferably, the trans-fatty acid content of the zero trans-fatty acid camellia oleosa seed oil is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
The invention provides a preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out extrusion forming on the camellia seed raw material under the cold temperature condition to obtain a frozen camellia seed cake; (2) under the condition of cold temperature, punching a plurality of holes in the frozen camellia seed cake, and injecting water into the holes to obtain a honeycomb iced camellia seed cake; (3) crushing the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under a cold temperature condition to obtain iced camellia seed powder; (4) squeezing the ice-containing camellia seed powder under the condition of cold temperature to obtain ice-containing cold-temperature solid oil; (5) carrying out stratification spiral separation on the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid oil, removing a water phase, and collecting a crude oil-tea camellia seed oil, wherein the temperature of the stratification spiral separation is 0 ℃; (6) sequentially centrifuging and drying the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil to obtain the zero-trans fatty acid oil-tea camellia seed oil; the temperature of the cooling temperature in the steps (1) to (4) is independently-10 to-5 ℃. The method reduces the introduction of a high-temperature link in the production process of the camellia seed oil, and fully introduces moisture into the frozen camellia seed cake by preparing the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under the cold-temperature condition; according to the invention, ice-containing camellia seed powder is squeezed under a cold temperature condition, squeezed water and camellia seed oil can be solidified to form ice-cold-temperature-containing solid grease, in a stratification spiral separation process, as the temperature rises to 0 ℃, camellia seed oil in the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid grease is dissolved, water is solidified into an ice-water mixture, soluble impurities in the grease can be dissolved in the ice-water mixture, due to different densities of the camellia seed oil and the ice-water mixture, stratification occurs in the stratification spiral separation process, the upper layer is an oil phase, the lower layer is a water phase, and a camellia seed oil crude product is obtained after the water phase is removed. Through subsequent centrifugation, impurities such as moisture, wax grease and cake meal powder in the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil can be removed, and the moisture in the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil is further removed through drying. The whole process of the invention is carried out at a lower temperature, the generation of trans-fatty acid and the loss of nutrient elements in the high-temperature squeezing and high-temperature refining processes are avoided, the content of the trans-fatty acid in the obtained camellia seed oil is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%, and the quality requirement of the camellia seed oil with zero trans-fatty acid is met.
The embodiment result shows that the content of monounsaturated fatty acid in the zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil prepared by the invention is more than or equal to 78 wt%, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is more than or equal to 5 wt%, the peroxide value is less than or equal to 0.05g/100g, the acid value (KOH) is less than or equal to 0.5mg/g, the content of benzo (a) pyrene is less than or equal to 0.3 mug/kg, the content of plasticizer is less than or equal to 3mg/kg, the content of aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 mug/kg, the content of trans-fatty acid is less than or equal to 0.2%, and the quality is higher than the national standard GB/T11765-2018 of camellia seed oil.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out extrusion forming on the camellia seed raw material under the cold temperature condition to obtain a frozen camellia seed cake;
(2) under the condition of cold temperature, punching a plurality of holes in the frozen camellia seed cake, and injecting water into the holes to obtain a honeycomb iced camellia seed cake;
(3) crushing the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under a cold temperature condition to obtain iced camellia seed powder;
(4) squeezing the ice-containing camellia seed powder under the condition of cold temperature to obtain ice-containing cold-temperature solid oil;
(5) carrying out stratification spiral separation on the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid oil, removing a water phase, and collecting a crude oil-tea camellia seed oil, wherein the temperature of the stratification spiral separation is 0 ℃;
(6) sequentially centrifuging and drying the crude camellia seed oil to obtain zero-trans fatty acid camellia seed oil;
the temperature of the cooling temperature in the steps (1) - (4) is independently-10 to-5 ℃.
The invention carries out extrusion forming on the camellia seed raw material under the condition of cold temperature to obtain the frozen camellia seed cake. In the invention, the camellia seed raw material is preferably the currently picked camellia seed Chinese olive. In the invention, the content of camellia seed oil in the camellia seed raw material is preferably 28-32 wt%, and more preferably 30-31 wt%; the content of the plasticizer is preferably less than or equal to 5.8mg/kg, and more preferably 4-5.5 mg/kg; the content of benzo (a) pyrene is preferably less than or equal to 4 mug/kg, and more preferably 2-3.5 mug/kg; the content of the aflatoxin B1 is preferably less than or equal to 0.03 mu g/kg, and more preferably 0.01-0.02 mu g/kg. Through refined selection, the invention determines the camellia seed fruit which can be used for producing the zero trans fatty acid, and standardizes the nutritional quality and the safety quality of the camellia seed fruit for producing the zero trans fatty acid.
In the present invention, the temperature of the cold temperature is preferably-10 to-5 deg.C, more preferably-8 to-6 deg.C.
In the present invention, the extrusion molding is preferably a mechanical plate and frame extrusion molding. In the present invention, the temperature of the extrusion molding is preferably-10 to-5 ℃, more preferably-8 to-6 ℃; the pressure is preferably 300-400N, more preferably 350N; the dwell time is preferably 18 to 25min, and more preferably 20 to 22 min.
In the invention, the mass of the single-extrusion camellia seed raw material is preferably 15-29 kg, and more preferably 18-25 kg. As a specific embodiment of the invention, the shape of the frozen camellia seed cake is preferably square, the length of the frozen camellia seed cake is preferably 70-80 cm, the width of the frozen camellia seed cake is preferably 70-80 cm, and the height of the frozen camellia seed cake is preferably 5-10 cm.
After the frozen camellia seed cake is obtained, a plurality of holes are punched in the frozen camellia seed cake under the cold temperature condition, and water is injected into the holes to obtain the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake. In the present invention, the temperature of the cold temperature is preferably-10 to-5 deg.C, more preferably-8 to-6 deg.C.
The invention preferably uses a concave filling and hole pressing device for punching. In the invention, the holes are preferably through holes, and the diameter of the holes is preferably 2-3.5 cm, and more preferably 2.5-3 cm; in the invention, the number of the holes in each square meter of frozen camellia seed cake is preferably 150-210, and more preferably 180-200.
In the invention, the columnar camellia oleifera seed cakes generated by punching are preferably returned to the extrusion forming process in the step (1) for reuse.
The present invention preferably uses a pin-hole injection molding apparatus for the water injection. In the present invention, the water is preferably distilled water, more preferably cooled distilled water.
In the invention, the water injection rate is preferably 70-200 g/min, and more preferably 100-150 g/min. In the invention, after water is injected into the frozen camellia seed cake, the frozen camellia seed cake can be rapidly extruded and coagulated into ice in a cold temperature environment of minus 10 to minus 5 ℃.
After the cellular iced camellia seed cake is obtained, the cellular iced camellia seed cake is crushed under the cold-temperature condition to obtain iced camellia seed powder. In the present invention, the temperature of the cold temperature is preferably-10 to-5 deg.C, more preferably-8 to-6 deg.C.
In the invention, before the crushing, the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake is preferably cut, and the size after cutting is preferably 2cm in length, 2cm in width and 5cm in height. The present invention preferably uses a bi-directional ten-edged mechanical cutting device to perform the cutting.
In the invention, after the crushing, the cold air powder separation is preferably carried out on the obtained powder, and the particle size of the obtained iced camellia seed powder is preferably 1-3 mm, and more preferably 2 mm. In the present invention, the powder having an unacceptable particle size is preferably returned to the extrusion molding process of step (1) for reuse.
After the ice-containing camellia seed powder is obtained, the ice-containing camellia seed powder is squeezed under the cold-temperature condition to obtain the ice-containing solid grease. In the present invention, the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid fat is in the form of a wax paste. In the present invention, the temperature of the cold temperature is preferably-10 to-5 deg.C, more preferably-8 to-6 deg.C. In the present invention, the pressing pressure is preferably 1.7 to 2.2MPa, and more preferably 2 MPa.
After the oil containing the ice-cold temperature is obtained, the oil containing the ice-cold temperature is subjected to stratification spiral separation, a water phase is removed, and a crude oil-tea camellia seed oil product is collected, wherein the temperature of the stratification spiral separation is 0 ℃. The present invention preferably uses a layered spiral separation apparatus to perform the layered spiral separation. The stratification spiral separation equipment comprises a stratification spiral pipe, the bottom of the stratification spiral pipe is provided with an opening, and the middle of the stratification spiral pipe is provided with a grease trapping device. The invention removes the water phase from the bottom opening of the layering spiral tube.
In the invention, the separation speed of the layered spiral separation is preferably 10-15 kg/min, and more preferably 11-13 kg/min.
In the invention, in the process of stratification spiral separation, as the temperature rises to 0 ℃, the camellia oleosa seed oil in the ice-cold solid oil is dissolved, water is solidified into an ice-water mixture, soluble impurities in the oil can be dissolved in the ice-water mixture, due to different densities of the camellia oleosa seed oil and the ice-water mixture, stratification occurs in the process of stratification spiral separation, the upper layer is an oil phase, the lower layer is a water phase, and a crude camellia oleosa seed oil product is obtained after the water phase is removed.
After the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil is obtained, the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil is sequentially centrifuged and dried to obtain the zero-trans fatty acid oil-tea camellia seed oil. In the invention, the temperature of the centrifugation is preferably 3-5 ℃, and more preferably 4 ℃; the centrifugal rate is preferably 6000 to 7000r/min, and more preferably 6500 r/min; the time is preferably 5 to 15min, and more preferably 8 to 12 min. According to the invention, through the centrifugation, impurities in the camellia seed oil, such as moisture, wax fat, cake powder impurities and the like, are separated out.
In the present invention, the drying is preferably nitrogen gas spray drying. In the invention, the temperature of the nitrogen spray drying is preferably 37-60 ℃, and more preferably 40-50 ℃; the nitrogen pressure is preferably 0-0.5 MPa, and more preferably 0.1-0.3 MPa; the flow rate is preferably 200 to 300L/min, more preferably 220 to 260L/min. In the invention, the nitrogen can bring out the evaporated water vapor in the camellia seed oil, the water vapor is liquefied and discharged through a condensing device at the top end of the nitrogen spraying drying equipment, and the nitrogen can enter a nitrogen storage device through a nitrogen separation compressor for cyclic utilization. Meanwhile, the nitrogen can also play a role in keeping fresh.
And when the content of the trans-fatty acid is less than or equal to 0.3%, the trans-fatty acid is not detected, and the qualified zero trans-fatty acid camellia oleosa seed oil is obtained. The trans-fatty acid content of the zero trans-fatty acid camellia oleosa seed oil obtained by the invention is preferably less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
In the invention, the content of monounsaturated fatty acid in the obtained zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil is more than or equal to 78 wt%, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is more than or equal to 5 wt%, the peroxide value is less than or equal to 0.05g/100g, the acid value (KOH) is less than or equal to 0.5mg/g, the content of benzo (a) pyrene is less than or equal to 0.3 mug/kg, the content of plasticizer is less than or equal to 3mg/kg, the content of aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 mug/kg, the content of trans-fatty acid is less than or equal to 0.2%, and the quality is higher than the national standard GB/T11765-2018 of camellia seed oil.
The following examples are provided to illustrate the preparation of the zero trans fatty acid camellia seed oil of the present invention in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) processing of the green fruit raw material for picking the camellia seeds: the raw materials of the camellia seed and the Chinese olive meet the quality safety standard, and the main quality safety standard is as follows: the oil tea seed oil content is 28 percent, the plasticizer content is less than or equal to 5.8mg/kg, the benzo (a) pyrene content is less than or equal to 4 mug/kg, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 mug/kg, and the oil tea seed oil is sent to a cold-warm oil pressing workshop at the temperature of-5 ℃ for later use.
(2) Low-temperature plate frame extrusion technology: the frozen oil Camellia seeds are extruded into square oil Camellia seed cake with size of 70cm long, width of 70cm, height of 5cm, mass of 15kg, pressure of 300N, and pressure application time of 18min by mechanical plate frame at-5 deg.C.
(3) Honeycombing the plate-frame oil-tea cake by a low-temperature punching technology: the frozen square cake of the oil-tea camellia cake is uniformly punched with 81 gaps on oil-tea camellia cake meal by concave filling hole-pressing equipment, the punching pressure is 120N, the hole diameter is 2cm, the hole depth is 10cm, and the number of holes per square meter is 165. And (3) returning the columnar oil tea cakes generated by punching to the step (1), circularly changing the columnar oil tea cakes into plate-frame oil tea seed cakes through the step (2), and entering the step (3).
(4) Frozen ice injection molding technology: the honeycombed oil tea cake is slowly injected with cooled distilled water through a pinhole injection molding device in a round hole on the oil tea cake, the injection speed of the distilled water per pinhole is 70g/min, the distilled water is injected into a honeycombed oil tea cake hole and can be rapidly extruded and condensed into ice in a cold-temperature oil pressing workshop at the temperature of-5 ℃, the ice is sent into a bidirectional ten-blade mechanical cutting device through a glass mirror conveyor belt, and the instantaneous cutting of the honeycombed iced oil tea cake into strips is completed through an accurate cutting technology.
(5) Low-temperature crushing technology: cutting the honeycomb iced oil-tea camellia cakes into strips into rectangular cylinders, crushing the honeycomb iced oil-tea camellia cakes by a low-temperature crushing system, obtaining powder with the particle aperture of 2mm by a cold air powder separation technology, returning unqualified powder to the step (1), passing through the steps (2) to (4), and entering the step (5) for circular processing.
(6) Performing cold-warm pressing on the camellia seed powder to obtain ice-cold-warm waxy grease, wherein the cold-warm pressing temperature is-8 ℃, and the pressure is 1.9 MPa;
(7) low-temperature stratification separation technology: the tea-oil camellia seed oil that squeezes out gets into layering splitter, cold warm oil tea-seed oil liquid can slowly melt in the layering spiral pipe and separate out the ice crystal among the tea-oil camellia seed oil, tea-oil camellia seed oil can be acid to the part of connotation in the layering spiral pipe, neutral, impurity such as soluble dissolves in aqueous, water-soluble impurity is got rid of to the bottom through layering spiral pipe in the layering splitter, the tea-oil camellia seed oil connects the grease entrapment device in the middle of the layering spiral pipe through in the layering splitter, separate out the tea-oil camellia seed oil, become tea-oil camellia seed oil crude.
(8) Low-temperature centrifugal separation technology: centrifuging the separated oil-tea camellia seed oil for 15min by a low-temperature centrifugal device at constant temperature of 3 ℃, separating out wax fat in the oil-tea camellia seed oil, and separating out the impurities in the oil-tea camellia seed oil, such as water, wax fat, cake powder impurities and the like, by a low-temperature centrifugal machine at the rotating speed of 6000 r/min.
(9) Nitrogen hot air spraying technology: the separated camellia seed oil enters nitrogen spraying drying equipment, the nitrogen flushing pressure is 0.3MPa, the spraying cavity temperature is 45 ℃, the flow rate is 250L/min, the nitrogen can bring evaporated water vapor out of the camellia seed oil, the water vapor is liquefied and beaten out through a condensing device at the top end of the nitrogen spraying drying equipment, and the nitrogen enters a nitrogen storage device through a nitrogen separation compressor for cyclic utilization.
Example 2
A preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) processing of the green fruit raw material for picking the camellia seeds: the raw materials of the camellia seed and the Chinese olive meet the quality safety standard, and the main quality safety standard is as follows: the oil tea seed oil content is 32 percent, the plasticizer content is less than or equal to 5.8mg/kg, the benzo (a) pyrene content is less than or equal to 4 mug/kg, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 mug/kg, and the oil tea seed oil is sent to a cold-warm oil pressing workshop at the temperature of minus 10 ℃ for standby.
(2) Low-temperature plate frame extrusion technology: the frozen oil Camellia seed is squeezed into square oil Camellia seed cake by mechanical plate frame at cold temperature, with length of 80cm, width of 80cm, height of 10cm, mass of 29kg, pressure of 400N, and pressure application time of 25 min.
(3) Honeycombing the plate-frame oil-tea cake by a low-temperature punching technology: uniformly punching 100 gaps on oil-tea cake meal by using frozen oil-tea cake square cakes through concave filling hole-punching equipment, wherein the punching pressure is 150N, the hole diameter is 3.5cm, the hole depth is 10cm, and the number of holes per square meter is 156. And (3) returning the columnar oil tea cakes generated by punching to the step (1), circularly changing the columnar oil tea cakes into plate-frame oil tea seed cakes through the step (2), and entering the step (3).
(4) Frozen ice injection molding technology: the honeycombed oil tea cake is slowly injected with cooled distilled water through a pinhole injection molding device in a round hole on the oil tea cake, the injection speed of the distilled water per pinhole is 200g/min, the distilled water is injected into a honeycombed oil tea cake hole and can be rapidly extruded and condensed into ice in a cold-temperature oil pressing workshop at minus 10 ℃, the ice is sent into a bidirectional ten-blade mechanical cutting device through a glass mirror conveyor belt, and the instantaneous cutting of the honeycombed iced oil tea cake into strips is completed through an accurate cutting technology.
(5) Low-temperature crushing technology: cutting the honeycomb iced oil-tea camellia cakes into strips into rectangular cylinders, crushing the honeycomb iced oil-tea camellia cakes by a low-temperature crushing system, obtaining powder with the particle aperture of 1.2mm by a cold air powder separation technology, returning unqualified powder to the step (1), passing through the steps (2) to (4), and entering the step (5) for circular processing.
(6) Squeezing the tea seed powder at-7 deg.C under 2.0MPa to obtain cold-temperature waxy oil
(7) Low-temperature stratification separation technology: the tea-oil camellia seed oil that squeezes out gets into stratification splitter, cold warm oil tea-seed oil liquid can slowly melt in stratification spiral pipe and separate out the ice crystal among the tea-oil camellia seed oil, tea-oil camellia seed oil can be acid to the part of connotation in stratification spiral pipe, neutral, impurity such as soluble dissolves in aqueous, water-soluble impurity is got rid of to the bottom through stratification spiral pipe in stratification splitter, the tea-oil camellia seed oil connects the grease entrapment device in the middle of the stratification spiral pipe in stratification splitter, separate out the tea-oil camellia seed oil, become tea-oil camellia seed oil.
(8) Low-temperature centrifugal separation technology: centrifuging the separated oil-tea camellia seed oil for 10min by a low-temperature centrifugal device at constant temperature of 4 ℃, separating out wax fat in the oil-tea camellia seed oil, and separating out impurities such as water, wax fat, cake powder impurities and the like in the oil-tea camellia seed oil at the rotating speed of 7000r/min of the low-temperature centrifugal device.
(9) Nitrogen hot air spraying technology: the separated camellia seed oil enters nitrogen spraying and drying equipment, the nitrogen flushing pressure is 0.5MPa, the spraying cavity temperature is 55 ℃, the flow rate is 280L/min, the nitrogen can carry evaporated water vapor out of the camellia seed oil, the water vapor is liquefied and discharged through a condensing device at the top end of the nitrogen spraying and drying equipment, and the nitrogen enters a nitrogen storage device through a nitrogen separation compressor for recycling.
Comparative example 1
Selecting the same raw materials of the camellia seed and the Chinese olive as in example 1, and performing conventional squeezing by the following method:
the camellia seed and Chinese olive raw material is washed by water and then dried at 89 ℃, the dried camellia seed is crushed and fried at low temperature of 40 ℃, is put into a food steamer to be steamed for half an hour and then removed, is put into plate and frame squeezing equipment, and is squeezed by a jack to obtain oil.
The quality of the camellia seed oil obtained in examples 1 and 2 and comparative example 1 is detected according to the GB/T11765-2018 camellia seed oil standard, the content of fatty acid components in the camellia seed oil produced by different production methods is shown in table 1, and the content of substances affecting food safety in the camellia seed oil produced by different production methods is shown in table 2.
Table 1 content of fatty acid component in camellia oleosa seed oil produced by different production methods
Remarking: the fatty acid component is a detection component specified in GB/T11765-2018 camellia seed oil standard, and is not the whole component of the fatty acid, so the sum of the percentages is not 100%.
As can be seen from table 1, the content of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid in the fatty acid components of the oil-tea camellia seed oil for the components with the content capable of being increased is significantly higher than that of the oil-tea camellia seed oil produced by the conventional fresh fruit squeezing and cold squeezing manner; in the fatty acid components of the oil-tea camellia seed oil, the contents of linolenic acid, arachidic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, erucic acid, tetracosenoic acid and myristic acid with limited contents are all obviously lower than those of the oil-tea camellia seed oil produced by a conventional fresh fruit squeezing cold pressing mode, wherein the contents of the arachidonic acid, erucic acid, tetracosenoic acid and myristic acid are not detected.
TABLE 2 content of substances affecting food safety in oil Camellia seed oil produced by different production methods
| Safety category | Comparative example 1 | Example 1 | Example 2 |
| Peroxide value/g/100 g | 0.22 | 0.025 | 0.018 |
| Acid value (KOH)/mg/g | 1.47 | 0.27 | 0.38 |
| Benzo (a) pyrene content/. mu.g/kg | 5.64 | 0.22 | 0.27 |
| Plasticizer content/mg/kg | 6.86 | 2.21 | 2.37 |
| Aflatoxin B1/mug/kg | 3.47 | Undetected | Not detected out |
| Trans fatty acid content/%) | 0.67 | 0.13 | 0.16 |
Remarking: plasticizer content characteristics in table 2 the total amount of plasticizer components, not just one of the plasticizers.
As can be seen from table 2, in the main indexes affecting the food safety of the camellia oleosa seed oil, the camellia oleosa seed oil produced in examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than the camellia oleosa seed oil produced by conventional pressing in the fresh fruit cold pressing manner, wherein aflatoxin B1 is not detected; the content of trans-fatty acids in the oil-tea camellia seed oil produced in the examples 1 and 2 is lower than 0.3% of that of the oil-tea camellia seed oil produced by conventional squeezing in the fresh fruit cold-squeezing mode, namely 0.13% and 0.16%, so that the undetected index of trans-fatty acids is achieved, and is significantly lower than 0.67% of that of the oil-tea camellia seed oil produced by conventional squeezing in the fresh fruit cold-squeezing mode.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of zero trans-fatty acid camellia seed oil comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out extrusion forming on the camellia seed raw material under the cold temperature condition to obtain a frozen camellia seed cake;
(2) under the condition of cold temperature, punching a plurality of holes in the frozen camellia seed cake, and injecting water into the holes to obtain a honeycomb iced camellia seed cake;
(3) crushing the honeycomb iced camellia seed cake under a cold temperature condition to obtain iced camellia seed powder;
(4) squeezing the ice-containing camellia seed powder under a cold-temperature condition to obtain ice-cold-temperature-containing solid grease;
(5) carrying out stratification spiral separation on the ice-cold-temperature-containing solid oil, removing a water phase, and collecting a crude oil-tea camellia seed oil, wherein the temperature of the stratification spiral separation is 0 ℃;
(6) sequentially centrifuging and drying the crude oil-tea camellia seed oil to obtain the zero-trans fatty acid oil-tea camellia seed oil;
the temperature of the cooling temperature in the steps (1) to (4) is independently-10 to-5 ℃.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure for the extrusion molding in the step (1) is 300 to 400N, and the dwell time is 18 to 25 min.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the holes in the step (2) are through holes, the diameter of the holes is 2-3.5 cm, and the number of the holes per square meter of the frozen camellia seed cake is 150-210.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the iced camellia seed powder is 1-3 mm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing pressure in the step (4) is 1.7 to 2.2 MPa.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the separation rate of the layered spiral separation in the step (5) is 10 to 15 kg/min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the centrifugation in the step (6) is 3 to 5 ℃, the speed is 6000 to 7000r/min, and the time is 5 to 15 min.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the step (6) is nitrogen spray drying, the temperature of the nitrogen spray drying is 37-60 ℃, the pressure of the nitrogen is 0-0.5 MPa, and the flow rate is 200-300L/min.
9. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the content of camellia oleosa seed oil in the camellia oleosa seed raw material in the step (1) is 28-32 wt%, the content of plasticizer is less than or equal to 5.8mg/kg, the content of benzo (a) pyrene is less than or equal to 4 μ g/kg, and the content of aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 0.03 μ g/kg.
10. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the trans fatty acid content of the zero trans fatty acid camellia oleosa seed oil is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
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