CN103058450A - Treatment device for fouling organisms and water delivery engineering system - Google Patents

Treatment device for fouling organisms and water delivery engineering system Download PDF

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CN103058450A
CN103058450A CN2011103175061A CN201110317506A CN103058450A CN 103058450 A CN103058450 A CN 103058450A CN 2011103175061 A CN2011103175061 A CN 2011103175061A CN 201110317506 A CN201110317506 A CN 201110317506A CN 103058450 A CN103058450 A CN 103058450A
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water
biological attachment
pond
flow
settling bowl
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CN103058450B (en
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王兆印
徐梦珍
叶宝民
王旭昭
袁宝招
赵娜
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment device for fouling organisms, in particular to a treatment device for fouling organisms in water delivery engineering and a water delivery engineering system with the treatment device for the fouling organisms. The treatment device comprises a water inlet, an organism attachment tank, a sedimentation tank and a water outlet which are connected sequentially; the organism attachment tank is in continuous communication connection with the sedimentation tank; and the treatment device can further comprise a pulsation killing passage. By arranging the device at the water inlet end of the water delivery engineering, larvae of the fouling organisms carried in the delivered water can be effectively filtered and killed, so that attachment of the fouling organisms in the water delivery engineering is eliminated or reduced, and organism fouling is avoided or reduced.

Description

A kind of controlling device of fouling organism and a kind of water delivery engineering system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the controlling device of fouling organism in a kind of controlling device of fouling organism, particularly water delivery engineering and have the water delivery engineering system of the controlling device of this fouling organism.
Background technology
Often growing in all kinds of water delivery engineerings inside has a large amount of fouling organisms and the underwater engineering object is caused serious biodeterioration, it directly endangers conveyance power of water, the work-ing life that shortens water delivery engineering that is to reduce water delivery engineering and the operation and maintenance cost that increases water delivery, even can have influence on the normal operation of water delivery engineering, so that cause operational trouble or security incident.
Described water delivery engineering refers to carry pipeline, box culvert, tunnel and the appurtenant work thereof of fresh water or salt water, such as life, the water delivery engineering of process water, the water delivery engineering of factory's water coolant, the water delivery engineering of sea water desaltination etc.; Described engineering object refers to the operational outfit of the water delivery engineerings such as the structure object of water delivery engineering and water pump, gate valve, and the material of engineering object is mainly cement, metal, timber, plastics.Described fouling organism refers to grow in the bottom-dwelling adult that battalion adheres to or set is lived and the underwater engineering object caused biodeterioration in the water delivery engineering; Described biodeterioration refers to described fouling organism at the raised growth of engineering body surface, cause equipment can not normally move, effectively the reduction of water delivery caliber and to after the burn into death of engineering body surface to the pollution of water body etc.
Described fouling organism species have a lot, natural pond clam (Limnopema fortunei such as Mytilidae, be commonly called as the fresh water mussel, the domestic unique fresh water species of China), zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha, English zebra mussels, the invasive species that America is famous is lived in the seawater), Mytilus edulis (Mytilus edulis), the multiple mussels such as Perna uiridis (Linnaeus) (Perna viridis) also have arthropods barnacle (Arthropoda, Crustachia, the cirrus order, Balanidae), oyster (Mollusca, lamellibranchiata, Anamorpha, the Margarita order), and sponge, the crinosity annelid, Ascidian etc.
The vitality of described fouling organism is very strong, and is very serious sometimes to the stained degree of underwater engineering object.For example fresh water fouling organism natural pond clam is called and has stubbornly refused or stubbornly refused to lose, and is the Mytilidae mollusk.There is the shell protection on its top layer, and has the characteristic of lower oxygen concentration resistance, in case growth just is difficult to it is killed removal in water delivery engineering.The underwater environment of water delivery engineering is well suited for the growth of natural pond clam, so that its speed of growth is very fast, is attached to the growth of the natural pond clam one stacked one deck on the engineering objects such as water pipe wall, gate valve, the growth thickness in 1 year can reach several centimetres, density is up to 10,000-100,000/m 2, not only make effective water delivery caliber reduction, and can corrode tube wall; Gate valve then can't normally be opened or be closed after being wrapped up by the natural pond clam; After the clam natural death of natural pond, smelly polluted water can go bad; The shell that splits away off deposits in a large number in pipeline turning point or crotch, causes that pipeline water flow is not smooth, affects the conveyance power of water of pipeline.Therefore, eliminate that natural pond clam in the water delivery engineering is stained just to become a realistic problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.It is reported, carry the engineering of seawater such as the puzzlement that sea water desaltination pipeline, cooled with seawater waterpipe etc. are subjected to stained biotic intrusion too.
Described fouling organism is the bottom-dwelling that battalion adheres to or set is lived, it is general with regard to no longer movement or moving range are little later on to be attached to body surface, can not enter water delivery engineering with the current of carrying, can not shift out water delivery engineering with current yet, so generally can directly not intrude in the water delivery engineering as fouling organism itself, what invade water delivery engineering is the fouling organism larva.Described fouling organism larva is fouling organism still is in the stage of swimming in childhood planktonic organism, these planktonic organisms only are attached to and could continue to grow into bottom-dwelling adult (fouling organism) on the object, if having no chance to adhere to object all the time in the stage of swimming, it just can not grow into bottom-dwelling adult meeting natural death, so initiatively adhere to the biological person's character that object is the fouling organism larva.A fouling organism larva corpusculum gently can be done with current the migration of long distance, just can select a good opportunity later on and is attached on the engineering object when it enters water delivery engineering with current, and grow into fouling organism (bottom-dwelling adult) at the engineering object.The fouling organism larva is invaded the very capable of water delivery engineering, for example: at the peak season of breeding, the 5000/m of density reachable of fouling organism natural pond clam larva in the natural water 3More than.So a large amount of natural pond clam larvas enters after the water delivery engineering, will inevitably breed and cause serious biodeterioration by raised growth in water delivery engineering.This shows, filter, kill and enter that to carry the entrained fouling organism larva of water body be the key point of administering fouling organism.
At present, also there is not good improvement method for the fouling organism in the water delivery engineering both at home and abroad.Usually the method that adopts is mainly for fouling organism adult " artificial shovel is scraped ".Some also attempts to adopt the methods such as " chemistry is killed ", " coating protecting ", but regulation effect is not fine.Now be described below with regard to several resolution methods commonly used:
1, artificial shovel is scraped method: take Shenzhen water delivery engineering as example, in order to guarantee the normal operation of water delivery engineering, all will shovel ducted fouling organism natural pond clam and scrape processing every year.Work for the treatment of must be carried out in situation about cutting off the water completely, not only needs to drop into a large amount of human and material resources, scrapes in the process also and can cause to a certain degree damage to the water delivery tube wall at shovel, has influence on the work-ing life of water delivery engineering.
2, coating protecting method: some unit once used protective coating, to improve the slickness of body surface, reduced the adhesion amount of natural pond clam, contained sterilant in some coating, can kill the natural pond clam.From applicable cases, regulation effect is also not obvious.Shenzhen water delivery engineering also once used the method for " coating protecting ", but because of DeGrain, still adopted the traditional method that artificial shovel is scraped at present.
3, chemistry is killed method: only have at present the achievement in research of a small amount of employing chemical process, as adopting chlorine and clorox as the agent for killing of natural pond clam, but do not seen the report of practical application.Because what water delivery engineering was carried is tap water, so must be very prudent when using chemical process.Even if the medicament that uses is on not impact of water quality, because the carrying capacity of large-scale water delivery engineering is very large, it also is very large using chemical drugs dosage, and its cost is inevitable very high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of controlling device of fouling organism, by the feed-water end at water delivery engineering device of the present invention is set, entrained described fouling organism larva in the conveying water body is filtered, kills, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
A kind of controlling device of fouling organism comprises the water-in, biological attachment pond, settling bowl and the water outlet that link to each other successively; Described biological attachment pond is connected for connecting continuously with described settling bowl,
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is the water-in of the controlling device of described fouling organism, and described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, describedly adheres to package and draws together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises anchor that described lamina affixad is fixed in the described row of adhering to and adheres to the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond with described that same each described lamina affixad that adheres on the row is parallel construction each other;
Described settling bowl comprises settling bowl feed-water end and settling bowl water side, and described settling bowl feed-water end is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl feed-water end and/or settling bowl water side have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are adjusted flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, and described settling bowl water side is overflow device.
In water side, described biological attachment pond guiding device is set, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw the thing of bringing back to life and adhere to the pond feed-water end, and water body is repeatedly circulated in inside, biological attachment pond.
The described overflow device of described settling bowl is at least one overflow weir and/or upflow tube, and described overflow weir crosses the flow section of described settling bowl; The water-in of described upflow tube is arranged under water and opening upwards;
The described overflow device of described settling bowl water side has the water level management device of the described settling bowl water level of control.
The region division current that Upstream section in described biological attachment pond closes on described biological attachment pond feed-water end surely move the district, and described current surely moving district are the spacious structure of sky,
Surely move the rigid attachment row that impact resistance is set in the district at described current.
Described settling bowl is a plurality of, between described biological attachment pond and described settling bowl division box is set;
In water side, described biological attachment pond or the division box feed-water end barrier and/or grid are installed.
Described lamina affixad is rigid attachment plate and/or rigid frame lamina affixad;
Described rigid attachment plate is the lamina affixad of being made by rigid material, be that flat board or cross-sectional shape are the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent or the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab, or wrap up the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab and/or described flat board and/or the described curved slab of flexible materials thereon; Described rigid attachment plate has smooth surface or surface, many holes or uneven surface, or the part smooth part is cheated the uneven surface of part more; Described flat board is smooth plate or flat pit plate, or its combination;
Described rigid attachment plate parcel flexible materials;
Described rigid frame lamina affixad refers to, the frame of making take rigid material is as skeleton and/or framework rib, the smooth plate or the plane porous plate that consist of at described framework parcel flexible materials.
Described parallel construction comprises in twos parallel and/or antiparallel or approximate reverse is parallel and/or two twenty percents are mirror symmetry or approximate mirror symmetry in twos parallel to each other or approximate of described lamina affixad; Described antiparallel refers to that at described lamina affixad be cross-sectional shape when being the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent, and the shape of the parallel to each other but adjacent lamina affixad of described lamina affixad relatively or opposite.
Described adhering to arranged the flow section setting of crossing described biological attachment pond, the described close biological attachment pond of the lamina affixad pool wall of arranging two ends that adheres to, and described size of adhering to the lamina affixad that comes close biological attachment pond pool wall is shorter than the described lamina affixad of arranging other that adheres to, and matches with the shape of the pool wall that is close to.
The bottom of described settling bowl totally is the flat or scraggly end, or at the bottom of the slope.
Described settling bowl bottom comprises that also at least one sediment receiving tank, described sediment receiving tank are arranged near meet water bottom in the settling bowl of direction one side of described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section; The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; Described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall of current downstream direction, and described upstream cell wall is domatic at the Qi Biding downstream direction at the bottom of its wall; And/or described downstream cell wall is upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane.
Described settling bowl also comprises and settling bowl bottom blow-off pipe and/or blowdown power set that be connected, that be used for discharging sediment in the settling bowl.
Described settling bowl also comprises the current disturbance baffle plate that prevents disturbance on the current direction of described settling bowl bottom, described current disturbance baffle plate is arranged on described overflow weir and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction is stretched out, and/or be arranged on the circumference water-in bottom, the upflow tube outer wall of described upflow tube the parallel or approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of the plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate.
Described current disturbance baffle plate is imperforate plate and/or the orifice plate with communicating pores, described communicating pores be up and down consistent and/or upper aperture, aperture greater than the funnel-shaped apertures in lower aperture.
Put the fish as eating take fouling organism or its larva in the described biological attachment pond in a suitable place to breed.
A kind of controlling device of fouling organism comprises the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism, comprises that also the pulsation that is connected with described overflow device kills passage; Described pulsation is killed passage and is comprised the orifice plate of installing in flow channels and the flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; Has the power system that promotes water body flow at described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along the flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and the described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores that passes through for flowing water.
A kind of controlling device of fouling organism comprises continuous successively water-in, biological attachment pond, pulses and kill passage and water outlet;
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is water-in, and water side, described biological attachment pond is overflow device; Described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, describedly adheres to package and draws together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises anchor that described lamina affixad is fixed in the described row of adhering to and adheres to the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond with described that same each described lamina affixad that adheres on the row is parallel construction each other;
Described overflow device is killed passage with pulsation and is connected, and described pulsation is killed passage and comprised flow channels and the orifice plate of wherein installing, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; Has the power system that promotes water body flow at described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along the flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and the described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores that passes through for flowing water.
In the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism,
The orifice plate that passage and/or wherein installation are killed in described pulsation is dismountable being fixedly connected with.
Described pulsation is killed passage and is connected with described overflow device by captation, and described captation is water collecting basin or water leg,
Be in the situation of upflow tube at overflow device, upflow tube itself is exactly captation.
Described flow channels was gutter channel, the described gutter channel of crossing is for opening without pressing system, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; The described bottom surface of crossing gutter channel has the gradient to the inclination of flow channels water side from the flow channels feed-water end, and described flow channels feed-water end one side of crossing the bottom surface of gutter channel is higher than its flow channels water side one side.
Described flow channels is the overcurrent pipeline, described overcurrent pipeline is the closed system that pressure or with no pressure are arranged, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side;
The section form of described overcurrent pipeline is circle, ellipse or rectangle.
Described overflow device is upflow tube, and described overcurrent pipeline also is described upflow tube.
Described orifice plate is multistage orifice plate; Distance between the described orifice plates at different levels is the orifice plate spacing, and/or described orifice plate spacing is equal to or greater than the action length of pulsating wave in the described flow channels;
Described orifice plate adopts the material of nontoxic rigidity to make.
The thickness of orifice plate is 0.6-1.2mm; Hole shape is circular; The aperture is 6-14mm; Pitch-row is 2-4mm; Described orifice plate spacing is 10-60cm; It is 0.8-2.5m/s that the interior mean flow rate of passage is killed in pulsation, and described pitch-row refers to distance nearest between the Kong Yukong adjacent on the same orifice plate.
Described flow channels feed-water end is equipped with trash rack.
A kind of water delivery engineering system comprises the controlling device of above-mentioned various fouling organisms.
Technique effect of the present invention:
Technical scheme of the present invention, by comprise the controlling device of the fouling organism of biological attachment pond and settling bowl in the feed-water end setting of water delivery engineering, the physical influence of utilizing natural subsidence in the active attachment characteristic of fouling organism larva and the water is to carrying in the water body entrained described fouling organism larva to filter, kill, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
Multiple adsorb can occur in the further technical scheme of the present invention in the biological attachment pond, utilize the finite space in biological attachment pond to obtain and better adhere to filter effect.
The further technical scheme of the present invention provides two kinds of preferred specific forms of overflow device in the settling bowl, can better control the flow rate of water flow of settling bowl water side, reduces the disturbance to water body in the settling bowl.The water level management device that the further technical scheme of the present invention provides can the most effective utilization adheres to the lamina affixad in the pond, can avoid the too high danger that may bring settling bowl of water level simultaneously.
The current of the further technical scheme of the present invention surely moving district namely can stationary flow, can play again the filteration that adheres to the fouling organism larva.The further technical scheme of the present invention is provided with the rigid attachment row of impact resistance, can weaken the water inlet water volume flow rate, thereby protects the row that adheres to of back, prolongs its work-ing life.
The division box of the further technical scheme of the present invention can be set being connected of biological attachment pond and a plurality of settling bowls flexibly, is conducive to reduce the settling bowl water volume flow rate, makes effect of settling better.The current of water side, biological attachment pond can also be drawn the thing of bringing back to life by division box and adhere to the pond feed-water end, make water body adhere to pond internal recycle or part circulation, increase the chance of adhering to of fouling organism larva, can be in limited space more effective removal fouling organism larva.The barrier of the further technical scheme of the present invention and/or grid prevent that fish and other biology that may exist of putting in a suitable place to breed in the biological attachment pond from entering settling bowl, avoided the disturbance to water body in the settling bowl.
The further technical scheme of the present invention provides the lamina affixad with various preferable shape, form, material, makes the fouling organism larva have better adhesion property at lamina affixad.
The further scheme of the present invention provides the concrete mode of several parallel constructions, is convenient to use.
The further scheme of the present invention provides the concrete mode of the parallel construction of the lamina affixad on a kind of row of adhering to according to the shape in biological attachment pond and the position relationship that adheres to row, horizontal area that can maximum using biological attachment pond.
The sediment receiving tank of the further scheme of the present invention can make in the fouling organism larva and various impurity automatic collecting of sedimentation in the settling bowl, is convenient to remove.
The settling bowl of the further scheme of the present invention bottom can be various ways, at the bottom of flat, the scraggly end and slope, also can be according to the natural shape setting at the bottom of the pond, and be convenient to the sedimentation of fouling organism larva and kill, and cost is lower; The bottom on slope then more is conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment.
The blow-off pipe of the further scheme of the present invention and/or blowdown power set are in order to fouling organism larva, mud and the various impurity mixed in together with mud that extract the settling bowl bottom, so that settling bowl has continual usability.
The current disturbance baffle plate of the further scheme of the present invention, top current and bottom current have spatially been separated, even the bottom current suffer disturbance, can not affect the stable flow state of top current yet, thereby avoided the pollution of top current, guaranteed that the current by the settling bowl overflow device are the purer water bodys that only contain minimum fouling organism larva and impurity.
The funnel-form orifice plate of the further scheme of the present invention is keeping also can better preventing the contaminating impurity top current in the current of bottom under the impregnable condition of sediment effect of settling.
The fish that the further scheme of the present invention is put in a suitable place to breed in the biological attachment pond have better insect killing effect to fouling organism.
The further scheme of the present invention is a kind of to have the controlling device that the fouling organism of passage is killed in pulsation; utilize water body under certain flow rate, to produce the physical influence of pulsation by orifice plate; can not affect the long hydrobiological survival of other body according to long the killing selectively of the body of killing object; and do not use the material of chemical agent and contaminate environment; can not cause any pollution to water body; can guarantee to carry the health at water source; safety; and simple in structure; with low cost; successful; and harmless to environment and other biology, be conducive to the protection of ecotope.
The further scheme of the present invention comprises that by the feed-water end setting at water delivery engineering biological attachment pond and pulsation kill the controlling device of fouling organism of passage, utilize water body under certain flow rate, to produce the physical influence of pulsation by orifice plate, entrained described fouling organism larva in the conveying water body is killed, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
It is dismountable that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, is convenient to safeguard and change.
The captation of the further scheme of the present invention can guarantee to enter pulsation and kill the current of passage and do not have air mass, is convenient to pulse kill water body flowing rapidly, continuously in the passage, is conducive to produce required pulsating wave.
It is that tank is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, the waterhead of utilizing the feed-water end water level to be higher than the water side water level and producing drives water body flow, and at bottom land the gradient is set and makes water body keep suitable flow velocity, device is simple, design ingenious, need not power consumption and the energy, insect killing effect is remarkable.
It is that pipeline is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, and device is simple, and technical parameter is more controlled such as flow velocity, and the insect killing effect of fouling organism larva is more obvious.
The flow channels of the further scheme of the present invention is upflow tube, and described upflow tube can have large as far as possible length in less space, can take full advantage of the space and obtain better insect killing effect.
The further scheme optimization of the present invention arranges multistage orifice plate in flow channels, so that insect killing efficiency is higher; The further scheme of the present invention also provides preferred orifice plate spacing.The orifice plate material of the further scheme optimization of the present invention should have certain rigidity and nontoxic.
The further scheme of the present invention provides the preferred version of killing natural pond clam larva in the fresh water (body length is in 0.14mm～1mm scope), can reach more than 80% or near 100% the eradicative rate of natural pond clam larva.
The further scheme of the present invention is installed trash rack, carry in the water of can blocking or floating diameter greater than the material in use orifice plate aperture.
Therefore the water delivery engineering system of the further scheme of the present invention also has its beneficial effect owing to comprise the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the block diagram of first embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 1 b is the block diagram of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 1 c is the block diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 2 a is the vertical view of first embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 2 b is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 2 a.
Fig. 3 a is the schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of organism adhering device.
Fig. 3 b is the vertical view of Fig. 3 a.
Fig. 3 c is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of organism adhering device.
Fig. 4 is the side-view of an embodiment of settling bowl.
Fig. 5 a is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 b is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 5 c is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 d is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 c.
Fig. 5 e is the side-view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 f is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 g is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 f.
Fig. 6 a is the synoptic diagram that an embodiment of passage is killed in pulsation.
Fig. 6 b is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of orifice plate.
Reference numeral is as follows:
The water source that 1-is to be conveyed or pending, 2-water-in, 3-biological attachment pond, 4-barrier and/or grid, 5-settling bowl, 6-overflow weir, the 7-captation, pipeline is killed in the 8-pulsation, and tank is killed in the 9-pulsation, the 10-water outlet, 11-outlet sump, 12-orifice plate, 13-flow channels feed-water end, 14-water (flow) direction, 15-lamina affixad, 16-adheres to row, and the 17-current are moving district surely, the 18-gauging line, 19-pool wall top line, 20-pool wall baseline, 21-outlet sump water-freeing arrangement, 32-linked steering switchboard, the 33-linkage part, 34-direction Quality Initiative, 35-rotation axis, the 36-anchor, 51-sedimentation direction, 52-upflow tube, 53A-del sediment receiving tank, 53B-inverted trapezoidal sediment receiving tank, 53C-is with the sediment receiving tank of kerve, 54-upstream cell wall, 55-downstream cell wall, 57-settling bowl feed-water end, 58-settling bowl water side, 59-kerve, 84-orifice plate spacing, the 85-pitch-row, the 86-aperture, the safe overflow tank of 92-, the bottom of 510-settling bowl, 511-current disturbance baffle plate, the 514-height of weir plate, 515-overflow, overall line of slope at the bottom of the 516-pond, the 519-sediment, 520-sediment gliding direction.
Embodiment
Below with the natural pond clam in the fresh water as the example of fouling organism and by reference to the accompanying drawings the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention is elaborated.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of first embodiment of the present invention comprises the water-in 2, biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5 and the water outlet 10 that link to each other successively shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b; Described biological attachment pond 3 is connected for connecting continuously with described settling bowl 5.
Described biological attachment pond 3 comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end can be the water-in 2 of the controlling device of described fouling organism, and described water-in 2 is connected with to be conveyed or pending water source 1, and described to be conveyed or pending water source 1 can be natural water source or the pump sump that holds natural water; Preferably, can be provided with the feeding apparatus of the control flow control device of flooding velocity and/or base runoff at water-in 2 places such as water-in gate valve or water pump equal controller.Described water outlet 10 (can contain overflow weir 6) can be connected with water delivery engineering, or be connected with follow-up controlling device, or the outlet sump 11 with being arranged on water outlet 10 (can contain overflow weir 6) downstream of being connected with Fig. 2 b such as Fig. 2 a is connected, and described outlet sump 11 can be the forebay of water delivery engineering or the water-in of water delivery engineering.Described biological attachment pond 3 also comprises organism adhering device, shown in Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row 16, describedly adheres to row and 16 comprises a plurality of lamina affixads 15; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises described lamina affixad is fixed in and describedly adheres to row's anchor 36 of 16 and will describedly adhere to row's 16 permanent seats that are fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond 3 that same each the described lamina affixad 15 arranged on 16 that adheres to is parallel construction each other.The pond body in biological attachment pond 3 can be linear pattern along water (flow) direction, also can be crooked or bending.Preferably, the plate face of described lamina affixad is parallel with water (flow) direction or have a angle of cut below 30 °.
Described settling bowl 5 comprises settling bowl feed-water end 57 and settling bowl water side 58 as shown in Figure 4, and described settling bowl feed-water end 57 is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl 5 can be the spacious structure of sky, and the flow section of described settling bowl 5 should be more than or equal to the flow section in described biological attachment pond.Barrier and/or the grid 4 of parallel flow section are installed between biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5, and such as the anti-wire netting of embroidering, the fish that are used for blocking enter described settling bowl 5 from described biological attachment pond 3, prevent its disturbance water currents effect of settling; Described settling bowl feed-water end 57 and/or settling bowl water side 58 have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are adjusted flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl 5 according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, and described settling bowl water side 58 is overflow device (can be overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52).
Described settling bowl 5 can manually be built, and also can utilize existing natural bottom land or pool.The settling bowl bottom 510 of manually building preferably, can have the sediment receiving tank, in order to sediment 519 is cleared up (specific descriptions see below associated viscera) at any time.If utilize existing natural depression or pool, then the structure at the bottom of the pond there is not specific requirement, both can in the soil property bottom surface.
Preferably, guiding device can be set such as valve and conduction pipe in water side, described biological attachment pond, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw the thing of bringing back to life and adhere to the pond feed-water end, water body is repeatedly circulated in 3 inside, biological attachment pond, both occupation of land can be saved, better adhesion effect can be obtained again; Can certainly loop branch pipe be set as guiding device at the pipeline that water side, biological attachment pond is connected with settling bowl feed-water end 57, the water body in the biological attachment pond 3 is partly circulated.
Preferably, in the zone of the contiguous described biological attachment of the Upstream section pond in described biological attachment pond 3 feed-water end, because the surging force of current is stronger, so surely moving district 17 of current is set, if described current surely moving district 17 can be the sky structure, shown in Fig. 2 a, the current that flow in order to stablize the upstream.Also can surely move the adhering to of rigidity that have that impact resistance is set in the district 17 at described current and arrange 16 (such as bamboo rafts), described rigid attachment row preferably is set comparatively dense.These shock proof rigid attachment row both can stationary flow, can play again the filteration that adheres to the fouling organism larva.Certainly, this zone also can not arrange surely moving district 17 of current.
Because water volume flow rate is slower in the settling bowl 5, effect of settling is better, therefore requires the water volume flow rate of settling bowl 5 to be lower than the water volume flow rate in biological attachment pond 3; And the water yield of settling bowl 5 is identical with the water yield in the biological attachment pond 3 of its upstream, therefore can limit by the flow section that makes described settling bowl 5 water volume flow rate of settling bowl 5 greater than the method for the flow section in described biological attachment pond 3, strengthen such as width and/or the degree of depth with settling bowl 5, flow velocity can obviously reduce, and effect of settling can be better.On the other hand, adhere to row 16 owing in biological attachment pond 3, be provided with at least one, describedly adhere to row and 16 occupy certain space, even therefore the transverse section of settling bowl 5 is identical with the transverse section in biological attachment pond 3, the flow section of the former reality is large than the latter also, and the flow velocity in settling bowl 5 also can reduce.
Preferably, in the situation that a plurality of settling bowls 5 are arranged, between described biological attachment pond 3 and described settling bowl 5 division box is set, described biological attachment pond 3 is connected with at least one settling bowl 5 by described division box.As an example, in the system with two settling bowls 5, described division box can be the bifurcation structure that adheres to the water side, pond, and the current that will adhere to pond 3 are guided respectively two or more than two settling bowls 5 into; Described bifurcation structure can be a plurality of.Described bifurcation structure can be with three or three structures with upper outlet; Described bifurcation structure can be bathtub construction, it also can be tubular-shaped structures, if tubular-shaped structures then can be threeway or four-way etc., wherein pipe connection water side, biological attachment pond, other two tubes connect respectively two settling bowl feed-water ends and/or adhere to the pond feed-water end.Described two or more settling bowl 5 is parallel-connection structure.Because settling bowl 5 requires flow velocity slower, and the flow velocity in biological attachment pond 3 is relatively very fast, a plurality of settling bowls 5 are parallel with and are beneficial to the flow section that increases settling bowl 5 and reduce the pool inner water rate of flow of fluid, can more effective removal fouling organism larva.As another example, in aforementioned system, described division box comprises that also the current with water side, biological attachment pond draw conduction pipe and the water conservancy diversion power set that the thing of bringing back to life adheres to the pond feed-water end, can make like this water body in biological attachment pond 3 internal recycle or part circulation, can be in the finite space more effective removal fouling organism larva.Therefore division box can connect guiding device.
Preferably, at described division box feed-water end and/or water side, biological attachment pond barrier and/or grid 4 can be installed, to have prevented that the biological attachment pond 3 interior biologies that may exist from entering settling bowl 5 such as fish, avoided the disturbance of these biological activities to water body in the settling bowl 5.
Preferably, the described overflow device of described settling bowl 5 can be at least one overflow weir 6, or upflow tube 52, or the combination of overflow weir 6 and upflow tube 52.Described overflow weir 6 crosses the flow section of described settling bowl 5; The water-in of described upflow tube 52 is arranged near below the 58 pool inner water bit lines of settling bowl water side, and its opening upwards is towards the water surface, shown in Fig. 2 a, 2b, 5c and 5d.Arrange at the same time in the situation of overflow weir 6 and upflow tube 52, the top of overflow weir 6 can not have current to pass through.Described settling bowl water side 58 also can be connected with other passage, described other passage can be that pulsation is killed passage or is used for killing the safe overflow tank 92 (shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b) of draining current when smooth or its orifice plate 12 of pipeline 8 flowing water stops up when pulsation, pushes up 19 in order to avoid current cover the wall of biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5.
Preferably, water outlet 10 can comprise the flow control device of controlling water flow or the drainage power device (can be water pump, also can be the devices such as gate valve, flashboard) of base runoff.
The described overflow device of described settling bowl water side 58 has the water level management device of described settling bowl 5 water levels of control.Lifting device such as overflow weir crest and/or upflow tube water-in.The purpose one of regulating water level is to guarantee that the pond median water level surpasses pool wall, the 2nd, take full advantage of the height of lamina affixad, and guarantee that the pond median water level equates with the height of lamina affixad.
Described biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5 are by sequentially arranging such as Fig. 2 a and 2b.The controlling device of described fouling organism is killed as shown in Figure 1a for natural pond clam larva, and the natural water source that at first contains a large amount of natural ponds clam larva enters biological attachment pond 3 by water-in 2.The living features of fouling organism larva when entering water delivery engineering in the natural water is differentiated, the fouling organism larva that flushes that wherein adhesive ability is extremely strong, will be initiatively by biological attachment pond 3 time adhere to adhering to row 16, adhere to 16 pairs of fouling organism larvas of row and have good filteration.In biological attachment pond 3, preferably, can also put the fish as eating take fouling organism or its larva in a suitable place to breed, like this fouling organism larva there is better insect killing effect.Preferably, describedly adhere to row 16 or the combination of lamina affixad 15 by dried up airing or chemical agent immersion or high-temperature heat treatment or high pressure water washing or uviolizing or above-mentioned various ways, kill described fouling organism or its larva that adheres on row 16 or the lamina affixad 15 that adhere to, after the planktonic organism death of having adhered to or coming off, put into again described biological attachment pond 3 Reusabilities.Can make the efficient of killing fouling organism higher by supplementary modes such as dried up airings, and make lamina affixad 15 all right Reusabilities, reduce manufacturing and the maintenance cost of lamina affixad 15.Water body by biological attachment pond 3 enters in the settling bowl 5, because flow velocity is slower, fouling organism larva in the water will rely on own wt sedimentation at the bottom of the pond, those adhesive abilities that grasped the fouling organism larva of small material grains (such as impurity in the water such as soil block, the grains of sand) reduce, but the body weight of himself strengthens, enter into just rapidly sedimentation behind the settling bowl 5, the fouling organism larva that is deposited at the bottom of the pond adheres to the object natural death because of chance never again, so 5 pairs of fouling organism larvas of settling bowl have the filtration killing action.When settling bowl 5 bottom sedimentations behind a large amount of impurity and the fouling organism larva, preferably, can be 510 that be connected with the settling bowl bottom by arranging, be used in the extraction settling bowl 5 the blow-off pipe of the impurity of sedimentation and/or blowdown power set with outside the sediment 519 discharge ponds, so that settling bowl 5 can continual continuous use.Described blowdown power set can be the devices such as water pump, pump dredger, in order to fouling organism larva, mud and the various impurity mixed in together with mud that extract the settling bowl bottom.Can certainly be without blow-off pipe and/or blowdown power set, but the regular water that drains in the settling bowl 5 is concentrated cleaning.58 water bodys that flow out only contain a small amount of natural pond clam larva from the settling bowl water side.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of second embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of first embodiment, comprise that also the pulsation that is connected with described overflow device kills passage, it can be that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, shown in Fig. 5 a to 5g.In general, the order of connection of described second embodiment is: passage (kill pipeline 8, pulse and kill tank 9 such as pulsation) → water outlet 10 is killed in water-in 2 → biological attachment pond 3 → settling bowl 5 → pulsation.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention comprises that successively the water-in 2, biological attachment pond 3, the pulsation that link to each other kill passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) and water outlet 10.In general, the order of connection of described the 3rd embodiment is: passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) → water outlet 10 is killed in water-in 2 → biological attachment pond 3 → pulsation.
In second, third embodiment, the structure in described biological attachment pond 3 and inner annexation are identical with the biological attachment pond 3 among first embodiment, repeat no more herein.And described pulsation to kill the structure of passage be identical with annexation, be described below in the lump: described pulsation is killed passage and is comprised the orifice plate 12 of installing in flow channels and the flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end 13 and flow channels water side (being the water outlet 10 of fouling organism controlling device); Described pulsation is killed passage and can be divided into pulsation and kill pipeline 8 and 9 two kinds of forms of tank are killed in pulsation, and described pulsation is killed pipeline 8 shown in Fig. 6 a, has the power system that promotes water body flow at described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side; Described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining, such as various valves; Described orifice plate 12 crosses described flow channels along the flow section direction, and be dismountable being fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and do not interspace between described orifice plate 12 and the described flow channels inwall, described orifice plate 12 refers to the plate with the communicating pores that passes through for flowing water.
The water outlet 10 that the passage water side is the controlling device of described fouling organism is killed in described pulsation, the water outlet 10 of the controlling device of described fouling organism can be connected with water delivery engineering, also can be connected such as other water purification or insect-killing device with other water treatment device.
If the flow velocity in described biological attachment pond 3 is very slow, then biological attachment pond 3 itself can be used as above-mentioned settling bowl 5 uses, namely biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5 can be combined in the pond, in this case, the water side in described biological attachment pond 3 is overflow device.The overflow device of settling bowl can be identical among described overflow device and first embodiment, repeats no more herein.
Preferably, described biological attachment pond 3 can also comprise sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B and/or 53C) in the above-mentioned example.
In the 3rd embodiment, the controlling device of the fouling organism that passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) is linked in sequence is killed in described biological attachment pond 3 and pulsation also can realize killing for natural pond clam larva, shown in Fig. 1 c, wherein each step is omitted owing to similar with the description of above-mentioned first, second embodiment herein.
If it is that tank 9 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, then described pulsation is killed tank 9 for opening without pressing system.At this moment, described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end 13 is higher than feedwater and/or the drainage power device of the waterhead of flow channels water side (described waterhead can produce higher head pressure) and/or described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side; The bottom surface that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation has the gradient that tilts to the flow channels water side from flow channels feed-water end 13, and flow channels feed-water end one side that the bottom surface of tank 9 is killed in described pulsation is higher than its flow channels water side one side.It preferably can be straight trough that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation.Preferably, the gradient 〉=1: 20 of the bottom surface of tank 9 is killed in pulsation.At this moment, preferably, the flow velocity that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation changes and can realize by the mode that changes the bottom surface gradient and/or change described flow channels water side drainage power device water displacement.
If it is that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, then described pulsation is killed pipeline 8 for the closed system of pressure or with no pressure is arranged, and described power system comprises that the water level of described flow channels feed-water end 13 is higher than feedwater and/or the drainage power device of the waterhead of flow channels water side water level (can produce higher head pressure) and/or described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side.Can certainly simultaneously or have separately artificial power system such as water pump etc.Preferably, the fracture morphology of described overcurrent pipeline can be circular, ellipse or rectangle, can certainly be other shape, such as trapezoidal, square etc.
Preferably, described pulsation is killed passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) and is connected with the described overflow device that is arranged on settling bowl water side 58 or water side, biological attachment pond (upflow tube 52 and/or overflow weir 6) by captation 7, shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, Fig. 5 f, Fig. 5 g.Described captation 7 can be water collecting basin and/or water leg, if overflow device is described upflow tube 52, then upflow tube 52 itself is exactly described captation.The current that overflow device can be discharged by captation are introduced pulsation and be killed passage, and also can guarantee to enter the current that pulsation kills pipeline 8 does not have air mass.
Described flow channels water side and/or flow channels feed-water end 13 can have the drainage power device (to comprise the head pressure that waterhead has, shown in Fig. 5 b, 5e, promote current with head pressure as power set, convenient, cheapness), kill the flow velocity in the passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) to guarantee pulsation.
Be in the situation of upflow tube at captation, upflow tube 52 itself just can be flow channels.As long as arrange that in upflow tube 52 orifice plate 12 has just consisted of pulsation and killed pipeline 8.
Fig. 5 c, 5d provide an embodiment: it is poor that the water level of water-in 2 is higher than water outlet 10 and has higher level; What pulsation killed that the entrance of pipeline 8 connects is upflow tube 52.During normal operation, settling bowl 5 or the current that adhere to 3 water sides, pond all directly enter pulsation from upflow tube 52 and kill pipeline 8; When pulsation was killed pipeline 8 and water flowing occurred and freely do not wait operation exception, current covered overflow weir 6 and enter captation 7 such as water collecting basin or water leg, at this moment current from safe overflow tank 92 discharged to water outlet 10 (safe overflow tank 92 is seen Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b).If at safe overflow tank 92 interior installation orifice plates 12, then safe overflow tank 92 just becomes pulsation and kills tank 9, such as the situation of Fig. 5 c, 5d, can play equally pulsation and killing the effect of fouling organism larva.At this moment, outlet sump 11 can have drainage power device 21, and the current that tank 9 is killed in the assurance pulsation are unimpeded.
Fig. 5 f, 5g have provided does not have head pressure as the situation of power system: when the water level of water-in 2 is lower than the water level of water outlet 10 or both waterheads hour, it can only be that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in pulsation, at water outlet 10 artificial power system is installed and carries out draining such as water pump.When adopting this embodiment, if water-in 2 also is to adopt the water pump feedwater, its feedwater flow must with the water displacement synchronous operation of water outlet 10.Preferably, water-in 2 adopts nature inflow mode to feed water, and only at water outlet 10 power system is installed.
Preferably, it is to pulse when killing pipeline 8 that passage is killed in described pulsation, and the orifice plate 12 that pipeline 8 and/or wherein installation are killed in pulsation should be dismountable being fixedly connected with.Described detachably both can be that pipeline 8 self detachable (comprising that orifice plate 12 is detachable and/or the overcurrent pipeline is detachable) is killed in pulsation, also can be that pulsation kills pipeline 8 and settling bowl 5 or adhere between the pond 3 be dismountable the connection, or with captation 7 between be dismountable the connection.Be convenient to like this cleaning and safeguard that pulsation kills pipeline 8.
Preferably, described flow channels feed-water end 13 can be equipped with carry in the water of blocking or floating diameter greater than the trash rack of pitch-row 86 materials of use orifice plate, will carry in the water or the floating material greater than the orifice plate aperture is blocked.Certainly in feed-water end 13 and situation that the previous stage purifier is connected, in the situation of current without major diameter impurity that namely flow channels feed-water end 13 enters, can there be trash rack yet.
In second embodiment, described biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5 and pulsation are killed passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) by sequentially arranging such as Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c and 5d.The controlling device of described fouling organism is killed shown in Fig. 1 b for natural pond clam larva, the natural water source that at first contains a large amount of natural ponds clam larva enters biological attachment pond 3 by water-in 2, and according to the process biological attachment pond 3 of the mode among first embodiment and settling bowl 5, and then passage is killed in the pulsation that the downstream that enters settling bowl 5 connects, at this moment diameter does not exist substantially greater than the material (comprising impurity and fouling organism larva) of 0.5cm in the water body, current can not block during by orifice plate 12, are conducive to the use that passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) killed in orifice plate 12 and pulsation.Current can carry out last killing to the fouling organism larva that residues in the water by the pulsating wave that orifice plate 12 produces.The controlling device of described fouling organism by above-mentioned adhere to, the filtration of sedimentation and pulsation three phases and killing, the fouling organism larva overwhelming majority who carries water body to carry is removed, thereby greatly reduced the adhesion amount of fouling organism in the water delivery engineering, reached the purpose of administering fouling organism in the water delivery engineering.
In the above-described embodiment, to kill the change of the flow velocity of passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) can be that the modes such as area by changing flow section and/or drainage power rating of set are realized for biological attachment pond 3 and/or settling bowl 5 and/or pulsation.Preferably, the flow velocity of described settling bowl 5 is preferably lower than 0.1 meter per second; Described pulsation is killed the flow velocity of passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) more preferably greater than 0.3 meter per second.Can kill by changing settling bowl 5 and pulsation be connected (such as captation 7 is set betwixt) of passage (kill pipeline 8 and/or pulse kill tank 9 such as pulsation), the bottom surface gradient of passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) and the drainage power device (comprising the waterhead between flow channels feed-water end 13 and the flow channels water side) of flow channels water side are killed in both flow sections and/or pulsation, current with assurance flow channels water side are unobstructed, and guarantee the flow velocity requirement in the flow channels (comprise the overcurrent pipeline and cross gutter channel).
More than introduced the overall framework of the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention.The preferred embodiment that the below introduces the each several part of the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention in detail---passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) is killed in biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5, pulsation---.
The preferred embodiment in paper biological attachment pond 3.
Described lamina affixad 15 in biological attachment pond 3 can be rigid attachment plate or rigid frame lamina affixad, and described rigid attachment plate is the lamina affixad 15 of being made by rigid material.Described rigid attachment plate can be dull and stereotyped or cross-sectional shape is the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent or the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab, the cross section can be the cross section of horizontal direction or the cross section of vertical direction, or along the cross section of other any direction, also can be the part in the cross section of plate, i.e. partial cross section.The arc of described curved slab can be circular arc, elliptic arc or other various arcs, such as parabolic arc etc.; Described waviness can be the form such as corrugated panel, also can be other form, such as the staggered form of waviness of a plurality of different crests and/or trough or successively decrease successively or increase progressively the form of arrangement or form that arbitrary combination is arranged etc.; Described zig-zag can be the form of regularly arranged sawtooth, also can be other form, such as the staggered form of zig-zag of a plurality of different crown height and/or the tooth paddy degree of depth or successively decrease successively or increase progressively the form of arrangement or form that arbitrary combination is arranged etc.; Described bent can be symmetrical bending or asymmetric bending, and bending angle can be the right angle, can certainly be any angle.The arragement direction of described curved slab can be vertical direction or horizontal direction, can certainly be other direction, such as diagonal or in vertical direction with the curved surface of any angular orientation.The arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or at least a described curved slab can be a plurality of identical or different described flat board and/or at least a described curved slab of arranging in vertical direction along perpendicular or parallel, or described flat board and/or described curved slab with alternately various forms of, such as can being the lamina affixad 15 that is combined and forms by dull and stereotyped, certain or several curved slab in vertical direction or horizontal direction, even can also be to combine the curved slab that forms by certain or several continuous curve surface of part plane, part.Described curved slab can be the continuous curve surface plate, can certainly be interrupted, on the lamina affixad 15 of making of bamboo raft, is interrupted between each bamboo cane.The lamina affixad 15 that certainly can also comprise other arbitrary form is the lamina affixad 15 of the natural shape of arc or twisted shape or natural materials such as integral body.Can according to practical situation, wrap up flexible materials at the rigid attachment plate.The flexible materials that wraps up has increased surface-area and/or the net thickness of lamina affixad 15, is very beneficial for adhering to of fouling organism larva, and can hold more fouling organism larva.
Described rigid attachment plate can have smooth surface or surface, many holes or uneven surface, or the part smooth part is cheated the uneven surface of part more; Described flat board can be smooth plate or flat pit plate, or its combination.Rough and uneven in surface surface or surface, many holes have increased the surface-area of lamina affixad 15, and have increased as what initially adhere to larva and well stay in the place, are attached on the described lamina affixad 15 so that tool fouling organism larva is easier.Can certainly be by reach the purpose of same increase lamina affixad 15 surface-area at the coated porous flexible materials in smooth lamina affixad surface.
Described flat board can be smooth plate or flat pit plate, or the combination of the two; Smooth plate is smooth surface, smooth plate, and the flat pit plate refers on the surface in various manners the more plates of rough many holes structure of high surface area that have that (such as chemical corrosion, mechanical workout, flexible materials coating etc.) form.
Described lamina affixad 15 can also be the rigid frame lamina affixad, and described rigid frame lamina affixad refers to, the frame of making take rigid material is as skeleton and/or framework rib, the smooth plate or the plane porous plate that consist of at described framework parcel flexible materials.Described rigid material comprises the various artificial or natural materials with some strength such as metal, plastics, can certainly be other material with certain degree of hardness and intensity, such as cement plate etc.; Described flexible materials can be the sun-proof screen cloths of plastics, also can be that itself is with non-woven fabrics, colour bar cloth, the geotextile of porous or non-porous structure, or the arbitrary combination of above-mentioned materials, can certainly be the various flexible materialss of specially making as required, the mixture that forms such as the macromolecular material such as the PE with higher-strength (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or various flexible materials.Described rigid material, flexible materials all should be nontoxic materials.
Described parallel construction can comprise in twos parallel and/or antiparallel or approximate reverse is parallel and/or two twenty percents are mirror symmetry or approximate mirror symmetry in twos parallel to each other or approximate of described lamina affixad 15; Described antiparallel refers to that at described lamina affixad 15 are cross-sectional shapes when being the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent, and the shape of the parallel to each other but adjacent lamina affixad 15 of described lamina affixad 15 relatively or opposite.Described shape refers to that on the contrary the lamina affixad 15 of identical cross-sectional shape is parallel to each other, the not parallel arrangement of its cross-sectional shape; Release with following example solution: be arranged in parallel with each other such as the waviness lamina affixad, but its trough and crest corresponding crest and trough corresponding to adjacent lamina affixad 15.Described shape refers to that relatively the lamina affixad 15 of different cross section shape is parallel to each other, and its cross-sectional shape is because different inevitable not parallel arrangement is called relative.
The combination of all lamina affixads 15 can think to adhere to row 16, therefore described all lamina affixads 15 can certainly directly be connected with at the bottom of the pond in biological attachment pond 3, this situation also belongs to biological attachment pond 3 and adheres to being fixedly connected with of row 16, just is equivalent to described permanent seat at the bottom of the pond in described biological attachment pond 3 at this moment.
Anchor 36 is positioned at lamina affixad 15 and adheres on the row 16, various ways can be arranged, such as two adjacent lamina affixads 15 being connected, make its back up pad that mutually supports etc.Can certainly comprise other various forms.Described anchor 36 can comprise for the rigid support plate of fixing and/or connect each described lamina affixad, and/or described rigid support plate is plate, bar or the frame of being made by rigid material.
The quantity of permanent seat and anchor 36 all can have one, two, three or more.The position of permanent seat can be at the bottom of the settling bowl pond with adhere to row 16 positions that are connected; The position of anchor 36 can be at bottom and/or top and/or the middle part of lamina affixad 15, and/or any position.Certainly the installation site of permanent seat and anchor 36 can be the position of any needs.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are depicted as stereographic map and the vertical view of the lamina affixad that the waviness plate by bamboo raft or a kind of form forms.Among the figure be four and adhere to row 16 that current are parallel with the parallel construction place in-plane of lamina affixad 15, row's 16 placement directions are vertical with adhering to.The direction of arrow is water (flow) direction among the figure.When current process lamina affixad 15, the arc of lamina affixad 15 causes the disturbance of current, so that the planktonic organism increase of the active of the tool in current attachment characteristic is attached to the chance on the lamina affixad 15.Lamina affixad 15 among the figure can be to be located by connecting or rotating connection.
Described being located by connecting refers to that lamina affixad 15 adheres to angle and the placement location that row 16 or permanent seat (described permanent seat comprises the biological attachment pond) no longer change itself and water (flow) direction afterwards putting into.But this does not hinder the operation to lamina affixad 15, described operation can comprise with lamina affixad 15 from adhere to row 16 or permanent seat take off or be installed to adhere to row 16 or permanent seat on, can also comprise the position of a plurality of lamina affixads 15 is changed, certainly also comprise 180 ° of similar operations such as reverse installation of lamina affixad.
In the situation that lamina affixad 15 is located by connecting, described permanent seat can be to be arranged at the bottom of the pond, biological attachment pond and/or the very useful web member in fixedly adhering to row's 16 (also can be directly to be connected with each lamina affixad) in pond, such as being groove, or the syndeton of setting up on the Chi Ding in biological attachment pond 3, this syndeton can be to adhere to row 16 parts, also can be the part in biological attachment pond 3.At the bottom of described permanent seat can also be the pond in the described biological attachment pond 3 that is fixedly connected with lamina affixad, such as can be by weights such as brick, sand hill, wood, concrete with lamina affixad 15 location or at the bottom of being fixed on the pond; Can certainly lamina affixad 15 be fixedly connected with at the bottom of the pond by alternate manners such as bolt or nail stakes.Described anchor 36 can comprise that for the fixing and/or rigid support plate that connects each described lamina affixad 15 with each lamina affixad 15 of supplemental support, described rigid support plate is plate, bar or the frame etc. of being made by rigid material.
In situation about being located by connecting, owing to will consider best adhesion effect, therefore need to preset lamina affixad 15 with respect to the direction of current.Through experimental verification, when the angle of described lamina affixad direction and water (flow) direction is 0 to 30 °, can guarantee the initiatively planktonic adhesive rate of attachment characteristic of tool, can exceed the flow velocity that slows down again.Certainly the concrete angle that also will specifically determine according to a plurality of parameters such as the flow of water, flow velocity, planktonic organism density lamina affixad direction and water (flow) direction.
Be with respect to adhering in the situation of arranging 16 rotating connections at lamina affixad 15, described fixed sturcture also comprises described lamina affixad 15 is connected to and adheres on the row 16 and make described lamina affixad 15 around the rotation of described lamina affixad rotation axis 35.Described rotation axis 35 directly is connected with described lamina affixad 15 or connects by connecting workpiece.Described rotation axis 35 axially coplanar or parallel with the plane, described parallel construction place of described lamina affixad 15.In the two coplanar situation, described rotation axis 35 can directly be connected with lamina affixad 15; In the two parallel situation, described rotation axis 35 needs by connecting workpiece it to be connected with described lamina affixad 15, this connection workpiece should have at an end that is connected with rotation axis 35 and rotates fixing axle sleeve (rotation axis 35 is in the solid shaft situation) or axis with rotation axis (rotation axis 35 is in the tubular shaft situation, this moment, the hollow shaft sleeve of rotation axis 35 connected the axis periphery of workpiece) etc. structure, and the other end that connects workpiece is fixedly connected with or dismountable the connection with lamina affixad 15.Certain described connection workpiece can also have other form, such as connecting workpiece and rotation axis 35 non rotatable being fixedly connected with (such as welding etc.), and rotation axis 35 rotating situations own.
Described rotation axis 35 or near normal vertical with horizontal plane or parallel with flow section or approximate parallel or parallel or approximate horizontal plane and the flow section of being parallel to simultaneously simultaneously.
Described anchor 36 can have the hole, and at this moment, described rotation axis 35 can rotate in the hole that is fixed on described anchor 36.Described rotation refers to that fixedly interconnective two objects do not have the mobile fixed form of only having rotation in the position each other.Certain described rotation axis 35 also can rotate by forms such as bearings and be fixed in the hole of described anchor 36.If described rotation axis 35 is connected with described lamina affixad 15 by described connection workpiece certainly, and the end that described connection workpiece is connected with described rotation axis 35 is to rotate to fix, this moment, described rotation axis 35 can be fixed non rotatable connections with anchor 36, also just there is no need porose on anchor 36.
Describedly adhere to the flow section setting that row 16 can be crossed described biological attachment pond 3, and the described lamina affixad 15 during near biological attachment pond pool wall of arranging 16 two ends that adheres to, because having usually with water (flow) direction, lamina affixad 15 is not 0 ° angle, adhering to the row 16 pool wall position close with the biological attachment pond, the lamina affixad 15 of normal size can't be installed, and lamina affixad 15 herein need to suitably be adjusted size according to lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction angle.At this moment, describedly adhere to row 16 and should be shorter than the described lamina affixad 15 that adheres on the row 16 other in the size near the lamina affixad 15 of biological attachment pond pool wall, and match with the shape of the pool wall that closes on, the shape of the pool wall that is adjacent with cooperation.Concrete size can be calculated by simple geometric relationships according to lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction angle.
With respect to adhering in the situation of arranging 16 rotating connections at lamina affixad 15, describedly adhere to row and 16 can also comprise the linked steering controller of adjusting described lamina affixad 15 directions, adhere to row 16 or a plurality ofly adhere to (also being synchronous) of arranging 16 interlock and turn to whole with convenient.
Described linked steering controller can have various ways.Such as, described linked steering controller can comprise the linked steering Quality Initiative.Described linked steering Quality Initiative can be metallic substance or soft rope or chain etc.Described linked steering Quality Initiative is connected with a certain a plurality of or all lamina affixads 15 that adhere to row 16, its the other end connect perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to water (flow) direction or with respect to any fixed object of the current updrift side of described linked steering Quality Initiative such as on the described biological attachment pond 3, drive a plurality of rotation axis 35 linked steerings at current auxiliary lower.It is larger that this situation is applicable to flow velocity, and lamina affixad 15 is had along the situation of the trend of water (flow) direction rotation.At this moment, current impel the plane of parallel construction of described lamina affixad 15 consistent with water (flow) direction, and chain or soft rope are by turning to lamina affixad 15 perpendicular to the power of water (flow) direction or to the power of its updrift side.The flow velocity of current can guarantee the collaborative linked steering of described lamina affixad 15.
The another kind of form of described linked steering controller is (wherein arrow representative water (flow) direction) shown in Fig. 3 c, and is specific as follows: described linked steering controller can comprise linkage part 33 and the direction Quality Initiative 34 of linked steering switchboard 32, each lamina affixad 15.Described linked steering switchboard 32 is controlled with a plurality of lamina affixads 15 connections and to described a plurality of lamina affixads 15 interlocks by the linkage part 33 of described each lamina affixad 15.Described linkage part 33 is fixing with at least one rotation in connected lamina affixad 15 and the linked steering switchboard 32.Its specific form can have multiple, if can be the form of universal driving shaft such as the linkage part 33 of described lamina affixad; Then can be provided with on the described linked steering switchboard 32 with lamina affixad on universal driving shaft rotation hole one to one, the same universal driving shaft 33 that adheres to all lamina affixads on the row 16 all inserts in the described linked steering switchboard 32 corresponding rotation holes.Described universal driving shaft 33 preferably can be arranged on the position of the close current downstream direction of lamina affixad 15 or its top such as edge or the place that keeps to the side (shown in Fig. 3 c).Other form can certainly be arranged, can be arranged on communicating pores and the soft web member that described communicating pores is connected with described linked steering switchboard 32 on a plurality of lamina affixads 15 such as rope, chain etc. such as described linkage part 33, at this moment, described linked steering switchboard 32 by described soft web member be connected communicating pores and be connected with described a plurality of lamina affixads 15, drive described a plurality of lamina affixad 15 and link.Like this, the direction adjustment of lamina affixad 15 just can be synchronously, carry out in linkage.
Described direction Quality Initiative 34 is connected with the fixed position (such as anchor 36) of the fixed position (such as rotation axis 35) of a certain lamina affixad 15 and other lamina affixad 15 or described fixed sturcture or with respect to the fixed position of described lamina affixad 15 near the pool wall of current updrift sides.Preferably, described direction Quality Initiative 34 can with a certain lamina affixad 15 at the edge of current downstream direction or the place of keeping to the side and other lamina affixad 15 at the edge of current updrift side or the fixed position at the place of keeping to the side or the rotation axis 35 of other lamina affixad 15 be connected.Described direction Quality Initiative 34 also can be connected any fixed position of a certain lamina affixad 15 with the fixed position of described fixed sturcture (comprising anchor 36 and/or permanent seat).Certain described direction Quality Initiative 34 also can with the optional position of a certain lamina affixad 15 be connected with respect to the fixed position of this lamina affixad 15 near the pool wall of current updrift sides, the fixed position of described pool wall can comprise that pool wall is in the part below the water surface or more than the water surface.And because certain adheres to a plurality of on the row 16 or all lamina affixads 15 have been regulated and control by described linked steering switchboard 32 and linkage part 33 interlocks, therefore can link, synchronously regulate and control by regulating and control one of them lamina affixad 15 angle of described a plurality of lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction.So just can angle and/or length by changing described direction Quality Initiative 34 adjust simultaneously the direction of adhering to lamina affixad 15 on the row 16, and make and adhere to all lamina affixad 15 keeping parallelism structures on the row 16.Described linkage part 33 can be one or more.
Another specific form of described linked steering controller can be as follows: described linked steering controller can comprise direction Quality Initiative 34 and the rotation axis 35 that adheres to row's a plurality of or all lamina affixads 15 on 16 that matches with it on tooth, be similar to the type of drive of gear and the blockchain of travelling belt or bike.Described direction Quality Initiative 34 has the described rotation axis 35 of described tooth by a plurality of described teeth connections, and drives a plurality of described rotation axis 35 linked steerings.Can certainly be other physical construction that can realize similarly linked steering.
Described adhere to row 16 can be for a plurality of, a plurality of described row 16 permanent seats separately that adhere to can be arranged in parallel with each other, and can certainly not parallelly arrange.In situation about being arranged in parallel, a plurality of described spacings of adhering to row 16 namely are the spacings of respectively adhering to row 16 separately permanent seat.
A plurality ofly adhere to row 16 and described a plurality of adhering in row's 16 situations about being arranged in parallel with each other having, and described to adhere to row 16 be transportable with respect to described biological attachment pond 3, then the spacing of each permanent seat can be regulated by manual regulation or pitch controller.Described pitch controller can connect a plurality of or all described permanent seats, and adheres to row 16 along moving perpendicular to adhering to row's orientation by described permanent seat control is described, adheres to row 16 spacing with change.Described pitch controller can be by adhering to slide rail or hinge or chain or the expansion link that row's each described permanent seat of 16 is connected with described, or the modes such as combination of above-mentioned variety of way are regulated and control the spacing between each permanent seat.When arranging the direction of a plurality of lamina affixads 15 that adhere to row; should notice that the orientation of the described row's of adhering to lamina affixad 15 preferably coordinates mutually with the orientation of the lamina affixad that adheres to row 15 that is adjacent; so that each described row's 16 corresponding lamina affixad 15 that adhere to does not hinder mutually; namely mutually do not collide or be not in contact with one another; can protect lamina affixad 15 so on the one hand; prolong its work-ing life, on the other hand, can be so that obvious decline can not occur in flow velocity yet.Certainly adhering to arranging of row 16 also can be to arrange one every a segment distance to adhere to row 16.
Through experimental verification, when the plate face of described lamina affixad 13 and the angle of water (flow) direction are 0 to 30 °, can guarantee the initiatively planktonic adhesive rate of attachment characteristic of tool, can exceed the flow velocity that slows down again.Certainly specifically also to specifically determine the plate face of lamina affixad 15 and the angle of water (flow) direction according to a plurality of parameters such as the flow of water, flow velocity, planktonic organism density.
Test-results shows: described attachment device is generally 70-80% for the filter effect of fouling organism larva, reaches as high as more than 85%.
Then introduce the preferred implementation of settling bowl 5.
Above-mentioned settling bowl 5 can have flat or scraggly bottom, preferably, described settling bowl 5 can also comprise at least one sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B and/or 53C), as shown in Figure 4, described sediment receiving tank is arranged near meet water bottom in the settling bowl 5 of direction one side of described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section, can certainly be other form, such as arc or with flow section the groove structure of a certain size the angle of cut be arranged.The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; Described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall 54 of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall 55 of current downstream direction, particularly, the described vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, embodiment can be del sediment receiving tank 53A or inverted trapezoidal sediment receiving tank 53B or with the sediment receiving tank 53C of kerve, or the figure of other shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, such as the combination of a plurality of inverted trapezoidals of the combination of described inverted trapezoidal and del or described different hypotenuses, or the side of its both sides at least one for the tetragon with shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom of arc etc.
If it is inverted trapezoidal that described sediment receiving tank is parallel to the vertical section of water (flow) direction, the short formation bottom land of going to the bottom of described inverted trapezoidal then, and form described sediment receiving tank 53B with upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55.And del sediment receiving tank 53A, then be directly to be formed by described upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55.Described upstream cell wall 54 is domatic at the downstream direction of Qi Biding at the bottom of its wall as shown in Figure 4, and described downstream cell wall 55 is preferably upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane, can certainly be the domatic of other form.Preferably, the domatic gradient of the upstream cell wall 54 of described sediment receiving tank is 〉=1: 50.Like this, the domatic sediment 519 (the various impurity that comprise the fouling organism larva) that is conducive to of described upstream cell wall 54 slowly glides along domatic sediment gliding direction 520 under the effect of self gravitation, because blocking of downstream cell wall 55 arranged, sediment 519 is concentrated in described sediment receiving tank bottom, not again downstream motion.The sediment 519 of collecting thus can regularly be extracted out by residual sea water pump, also can be regularly with the emptying concentrated cleaning of pond water.Can certainly be the sediment receiving tank of other form, be rectangle or semicircular sediment receiving tank such as the vertical section in water (flow) direction.
The vertical section that described sediment receiving tank is parallel to water (flow) direction is in the situation of inverted trapezoidal 53B, can comprise the short bottom land of going to the bottom and consisting of by described inverted trapezoidal, and under described bottom land, can also connect the kerve 59 to lower recess, the sediment receiving tank 53C that described kerve 59 and described upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55 form with kerve, as shown in Figure 4.The vertical section that described kerve 59 is parallel to water (flow) direction can be rectangle or semicircle, can certainly be other shape, such as del or inverted trapezoidal etc.Kerve 59 is set more is conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment 519.
In addition, in the situation that residual sea water pump has been installed, when becoming silted up, sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B, 53C) can utilize residual sea water pump that sediment 519 is discharged outside the ponds when expiring.
Preferably, the groove depth of the kerve 59 of described sediment receiving tank and groove width all 〉=5cm.Can certainly be other size, such as having in the situation of residual sea water pump, the groove depth of described kerve 59 and groove width be to be advisable greater than the diameter of residual sea water pump drinking-water pipe.
Described sediment receiving tank can be for a plurality of, the described sediment receiving tank of first is arranged near the meet water bottom 510 of settling bowl of below of a side of described overflow device, other sediment receiving tank is sequentially arranged in the updrift side of first sediment receiving tank, and it is vertically parallel to each other or approximate parallel; Described a plurality of sediment receiving tank is arranged on the bottom 510 of described settling bowl continuously, as shown in Figure 4.When a plurality of described settling bowl receiving tanks successively close-packed arrays, also can consist of the end of described settling bowl 5.This design can more be conducive to the sedimentation of sediment 519, concentrated and removing.Can certainly only have the sediment receiving tank one.
The bottom 510 of described settling bowl totally is the flat or scraggly end, or at the bottom of the slope.The bottom 510 that at the bottom of the described slope can be described settling bowl totally tilts to described settling bowl water side 58 gradually from described feed-water end 57, and the bottom 510 of described settling bowl is higher than settling bowl water side 58 1 sides in settling bowl feed-water end 57 1 sides.Overall domatic 516 existence more is conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment 519.Preferably, the gradient of the overall line of slope 516 in described bottom can 〉=1: 200, i.e. ratio 〉=1 of the overall domatic length in the overall domatic height in settling bowl bottom and bottom: 200, be convenient at the bottom of the pond 510 sediment 519 bottom land migration downstream and concentrate.Also can form at the bottom of the slope by a plurality of different gradient and/or vergence direction at the bottom of certain described slope.
Described height of weir plate 514 generally can be a little less than the design water level 18 of described settling bowl 5, described height of weir plate 514 is that the height regulation device of fixing or pass through overflow weir 6 is regulated, such as being plate, or scalable and/or folded sheet, or other device of settling bowl height of weir plate regulation and control etc.When the operating water level in the pond needs lifting or reduction (reducing or improve flow velocity), regulate the water level of described settling bowl 5 by the regulation device of height of weir plate 514, and then adjust the flow velocity in the pond.Preferably, described height of weir plate 514 can be greater than 1.2 meters.
On the basis of above-mentioned settling bowl 5, can also comprise the current disturbance baffle plate 511 that prevents current disturbing influence top, described settling bowl 5 bottom current, as shown in Figure 4.In the settling bowl 5 with certain flow velocity, the impact of (such as moving about of fish etc.) produces the disturbance current sometimes because the variation of current and settling bowl bottom various factors, the disturbance current can take the sediment 519 (comprising described fouling organism larva) that is deposited in the described sediment receiving tank to settling bowl 5 tops, to top water body Re-pollution, the water body that pollutes when serious will overflow 515 from described overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52, so that the water that process settling bowl 5 is processed is still with certain impurity; Current disturbance baffle plate 511 has then spatially separated top current and bottom current, even bottom current generation disturbance, can not affect the stable flow state of top current yet, thereby can not make sediment 519 get back to the top current with the disturbance current, avoided the pollution to the top current, guaranteed that the current 515 by overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52 all are the purer water bodys that contains minimum fouling organism larva and impurity.Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 is arranged on described overflow device and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction stretches out that (if overflow weir 6, then current disturbance baffle plate 511 is arranged on overflow weir 6 and meets water on the wall of a side, as shown in Figure 4; If upflow tube 52, then current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be arranged on the described upflow tube circumference 52 water-in bottoms, upflow tube 52 outer walls, namely on the outer pipe wall).Parallel or the approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of the plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate 511.Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be arranged on the meet water above position, middle part of a side sidewall of overflow weir 6, can certainly arrange in the middle or the middle part with upper/lower positions, be not advisable can barrier bottom sediment 519 can upwards not flow.
Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be a plurality of plates of horizontal mode parallel arrangement.The design of a plurality of plates can be separated into more spaces with settling bowl 5, thereby cut off the each other impact of its flow state, further reduce the state of disturbance of sediment receiving tank to the impact of overflow 515 streamflow regimes, also further separated flowing of bottom sediment 519, further hindered bottom sediment 519 and flowed to overflow 515.Certainly current disturbance baffle plate 511 also can be a plate.
Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be imperforate plate or the various types of orifice plates with communicating pores, such as blossom type funnel-form orifice plate.Preferably, described current disturbance baffle plate 511 is for having the orifice plate of communicating pores, described communicating pores be upper aperture greater than the funnel-shaped apertures in lower aperture, can certainly be the consistent straight hole in aperture up and down.Imperforate plate can effectively prevent the disturbance of bottom current, but has also stoped to a certain extent the sedimentation of the impurity in the current of top; Then can be in not hindering top water stream under the prerequisite of impurity sedimentation with the orifice plate of communicating pores, still can cut off the disturbance of bottom current to the impact of top current.Certainly the arrangement in hole is covered more mutually between more, each layer orifice plate of the number of plies of orifice plate, the arragement direction in hole more departs from vertical direction, the effect of the partition disturbance of orifice plate is better, but the production of carrying out above-mentioned setting can increase corresponding cost, therefore also needs to carry out preferably according to practical situation.
Need to prove; the quantity of orifice plate is (one or more; one or more layers), the arrangement mode of multilayer orifice plate (hole of each layer orifice plate can be mutually cover or mutually connect); the planeform in hole (circle, rectangle, polygon, Polygons etc.); the section shape in hole (rectangle, inverted symmetry is trapezoidal or asymmetric trapezoidal, both sides are parallel or approximately parallel elbow-shaped etc.); the size in hole; the middle shape shaft in hole (vertically; near vertical, or crooked) etc. all should be in protection scope of the present invention.
Because the poor ability that the fouling organism larva is moved in water, has the biological person's character that initiatively grasps object, when it grasps to hard firm bulk solid material, just adhere to thereon and grow, when it grasps loose or small solid matter in water, this is not firm just in current because of the material that grasps, so can only continue in water, to drift about with the material that grasps, these grasping have loose, adhesive ability can be lost or weaken to the fouling organism larva of small material within a certain period of time, but this moment, its body weight greatly increased because grasping small material, rapidly sedimentation in the water body of settling bowl 5 suitable flow velocitys, in a single day these fouling organism larvas are deposited at the bottom of the pond, adhere to natural death with regard to finishing near object because of chance never again.Settling bowl 5 is exactly the These characteristics of having utilized the fouling organism larva, adopts coutroi velocity by settling process it to be killed.Test detects proof, even if do not grasp the fouling organism larva of corpuscle, only depend on the weight of himself, in the water body of the following flow velocity of 0.1 meter per second, the fouling organism larva is killed filter effect such as the sedimentation of the larva of natural pond clam can be reached more than 70% in settling bowl 5.
At last, the preferred embodiment of below passage (killing pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation such as pulsation) being killed in pulsation is described.
In flow channels, preferably, described orifice plate 12 can be multistage orifice plate 12, shown in Fig. 6 a.Described multistage orifice plate 12 all crosses described flow channels and does not interspace between described orifice plate 12 and described flow channels along the flow section direction; Distance between the described orifice plates 12 at different levels is orifice plate spacing 84, described orifice plate spacing 84 is determined according to the sphere of action of pulsating wave, generally should be equal to or greater than described pulsation and kill the action length of pulsating wave in the passage, the action length of pulsating wave described herein need to be determined according to experiment, finds that for the experiment of killing the fouling organism larva 10cm～80cm is a preferred scope at present.。The sphere of action of the pulsating wave that described orifice plate 12 produces under different flow conditions is different, and the higher sphere of action of flow velocity is larger.Calculate and determine the sphere of action of pulsating wave by testing data according to the specification of flow velocity and described orifice plate 12, determine accordingly the described orifice plate spacing 84 in the described flow channels.Described orifice plate specification comprises: the thickness of orifice plate, pass (are crossed the shape of discharge orifice, be generally circle, also can adopt rectangle, pentagram type or other shape), aperture 86 interior diameter of discharge orifice (cross), pitch-row 85 (crossing the shortest distance between the discharge orifice), shown in Fig. 6 b.Wherein, the effect killed of 84 pairs of pulsation of pitch-row 85 and orifice plate spacing plays a part even more important.Described orifice plate 12 should adopt the material of nontoxic rigidity to make.
The area of the flow section of described flow channels is determined according to design discharge and/or design current velocity.
For specifically killing killing of object natural pond clam larva, adopt be shown in Fig. 6 a as described in overcurrent pipeline 8, multistage orifice plate 12 is installed in the described overcurrent pipeline 8, described orifice plate 12 is shown in Fig. 6 b, its specification is: the thickness of orifice plate is 0.61-1.2mm; Hole shape is circular; Aperture 86 is 6-14mm; Pitch-row 85 is 2-4mm; Described orifice plate spacing 84 is 10-60cm; Flow velocity is 0.8-2.5m/s.Nearest distance between the adjacent Kong Yukong on the same orifice plate of described pitch-row 85 fingers.
The controlling device of the fouling organism larva of this embodiment has preferably insect killing effect for the natural pond clam larva in the water body, if use properly, killing rate can reach 80-100%.
A kind of water delivery engineering system has comprised the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism therefore having the feature and advantage of the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism.
For validity and the feasibility of verifying technical scheme of the present invention, the contriver uses the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention on Zhijiang limit, west, Guangdong, use higher western Zhijiang, the water source, Dong Jiang of clam larva content, natural pond to carry out small-scale engineering test.Test-results shows: the filter effect in biological attachment pond 3 is generally 70-80%, reaches as high as more than 85%; The filter effect of settling bowl 5 also can reach more than 70%; The effect that passage (being that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation) is killed in pulsation here can reach more than 80%.The controlling device of whole fouling organism can reach more than 98% the clearance of natural pond clam larva in the water source, and regulation effect is fairly obvious.
Advantage of the present invention is: (1) does not affect the normal operation of water delivery engineering; (2) because not using any chemical agent and toxic materials, to the water source carried without any pollution; (3) water of water source conveying is the nature trickling, need not to consume a large amount of electric power and the energy; (4) employed material all can have been bought in market, processing, easy for installation, and also cost is lower; (5) operational management of equipment is fairly simple, and required manpower is less; (6) silt that carries in the natural water, impurity can obtain effective sedimentation and filtration during flowing through settling bowl 5, thereby have improved the water quality at water source.
Should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.Therefore; although this specification sheets has been described in detail the present invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; and all do not break away from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of patent of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the controlling device of a fouling organism is characterized in that, comprises the water-in, biological attachment pond, settling bowl and the water outlet that link to each other successively; Described biological attachment pond is connected for connecting continuously with described settling bowl,
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is the water-in of the controlling device of described fouling organism, and described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, describedly adheres to package and draws together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises anchor that described lamina affixad is fixed in the described row of adhering to and adheres to the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond with described that same each described lamina affixad that adheres on the row is parallel construction each other;
Described settling bowl comprises settling bowl feed-water end and settling bowl water side, and described settling bowl feed-water end is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl feed-water end and/or settling bowl water side have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are adjusted flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, and described settling bowl water side is overflow device.
2. the controlling device of fouling organism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in water side, described biological attachment pond guiding device is set, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw the thing of bringing back to life and adhere to the pond feed-water end, and water body is repeatedly circulated in inside, biological attachment pond.
3. the controlling device of fouling organism according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the region division current that the Upstream section in described biological attachment pond closes on described biological attachment pond feed-water end surely move the district, and described current surely moving district are the spacious structure of sky,
And/or surely move the rigid attachment that impact resistance is set in the district at described current and arrange.
4. the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described settling bowl is a plurality of, between described biological attachment pond and described settling bowl division box is set;
And/or in water side, described biological attachment pond or the division box feed-water end barrier and/or grid are installed.
5. the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in arbitrary to 4 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl bottom comprises that also at least one sediment receiving tank, described sediment receiving tank are arranged near meet water bottom in the settling bowl of direction one side of described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section; The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; Described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall of current downstream direction, and described upstream cell wall is domatic at the Qi Biding downstream direction at the bottom of its wall; And/or described downstream cell wall is upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane.
6. the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in 5 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl also comprises the current disturbance baffle plate that prevents disturbance on the current direction of described settling bowl bottom, described current disturbance baffle plate is arranged on described overflow weir and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction is stretched out, and/or be arranged on the circumference water-in bottom, the upflow tube outer wall of described upflow tube the parallel or approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of the plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate.
7. the controlling device of a fouling organism is characterized in that, comprises the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in the claim 1 to 6, comprises that also the pulsation that is connected with described overflow device kills passage; Described pulsation is killed passage and is comprised the orifice plate of installing in flow channels and the flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; Has the power system that promotes water body flow at described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along the flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and the described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores that passes through for flowing water.
8. the controlling device of a fouling organism is characterized in that, comprises continuous successively water-in, biological attachment pond, pulses and kill passage and water outlet:
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is water-in, and water side, described biological attachment pond is overflow device; Described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, describedly adheres to package and draws together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises anchor that described lamina affixad is fixed in the described row of adhering to and adheres to the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond with described that same each described lamina affixad that adheres on the row is parallel construction each other;
Described overflow device is killed passage with pulsation and is connected, and described pulsation is killed passage and comprised flow channels and the orifice plate of wherein installing, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; Has the power system that promotes water body flow at described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along the flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and the described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores that passes through for flowing water.
9. according to claim 7 or the controlling device of 8 described fouling organisms, it is characterized in that described pulsation is killed passage and is connected with described overflow device by captation, described captation is water collecting basin or water leg,
And/or be in the situation of upflow tube at overflow device, upflow tube itself is exactly captation.
10. a water delivery engineering system is characterized in that, comprises the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in the claim 1 to 9.
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CN105110435A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-02 清华大学 Limnopernafortunei killing pool device and killing method
CN108207926A (en) * 2018-02-01 2018-06-29 山东省水利科学研究院 A kind of project of South-to-North water diversion device for preventing extraneous biotic intrusion

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CN101503221A (en) * 2009-03-27 2009-08-12 中国海洋石油总公司 Apparatus with sea marine organism pollution preventing function
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CN105110435A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-02 清华大学 Limnopernafortunei killing pool device and killing method
CN108207926A (en) * 2018-02-01 2018-06-29 山东省水利科学研究院 A kind of project of South-to-North water diversion device for preventing extraneous biotic intrusion

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