CN103056726B - Method for reading absolute grating ruler with identification code channel by using double reading heads - Google Patents
Method for reading absolute grating ruler with identification code channel by using double reading heads Download PDFInfo
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- CN103056726B CN103056726B CN201210574989.8A CN201210574989A CN103056726B CN 103056726 B CN103056726 B CN 103056726B CN 201210574989 A CN201210574989 A CN 201210574989A CN 103056726 B CN103056726 B CN 103056726B
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Abstract
A method for reading an absolute grating ruler with an identification code channel by using double reading heads relates to the field of optical length measurement and solves the measuring problem of the existing super-length grating ruler. The method includes that a plurality of absolute steel strip rulers with the identification code channel are fixed on a locating face of a machine tool sequentially, coding adopts a method of combining an absolute code, an incremental code and an identification code, a reading body is used for switching and combining scales of the plurality of steel strip rulers so as to solve the measuring problem of super length, and absolute coding difficulty is greatly reduced. Process difficulty of a splicing process of the steel strip ruler is reduced. By using the reading body to read the scales, effects of errors in an installing process on measuring precision can be removed. By means of the method, a measuring range and measuring precision of the whole super-length absolute steel strip grating ruler are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical length fields of measurement, be specifically related to a kind of super-large length double-reading head and there is the absolute type steel belt grating chi that identifies code channel.
Background technology
The measurement length of absolute type steel belt grating chi generally can reach tens meters.But for the size of super-large length, for example rice up to a hundred, hundreds of rice, utilizing general single absolute type steel belt grating chi is to be difficult to realize, and has coding difficulty.Adopt the mode that many absolute type steel hand tapes splice can extend to a certain extent measurement category, the absolute addressing mode that still existing absolute code, incremental code combine also cannot meet the measurement demand of super-large length.It is high to splicing process requirement when prior art is spliced at the scene simultaneously; And all produce error at each joint in splicing, for super-large length, error is accumulated seriously in the longitudinal direction, very large on certainty of measurement impact; General single read head data reading manner, comprises accumulated error in the data that read.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the number reading method that a kind of double-reading head reads the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, adopt the three code channel coded systems that absolute code, incremental code, identification code combine to reduce coding difficulty, solve the measurement problem of super-large length, greatly reduce the technology difficulty of splicing, eliminate installation process error to the impact of measuring, improve the certainty of measurement of the whole chi of absolute type steel belt grating chi.
Double-reading head reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, and the method is realized by following steps:
Step 1, many absolute type steel belt grating chis are fixed on the locating surface of lathe successively, between adjacent absolute type steel belt grating chi, have spacing, and reading body is made up of the first read head and the second read head, and reading body moves left and right along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi;
Step 2, at the two ends of every steel belt grating chi desired location switching point respectively, the measuring center point of the first read head is a, the measuring center point of the second read head is b, the difference of reading on two adjacent steel grating belt chis is as switching value respectively for described the first reading and the second read head, and described switching value is specially:
in formula, W
m+1be the identification code data of m+1 root steel belt grating chi,
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m+1 root steel belt grating chi that reads of the second read head; W
mbe the identification code data of m root steel belt grating chi,
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m root steel belt grating chi that reads of the first read head;
Absolute coding on step 3, every steel belt grating chi is identical, and mark code channel judges the position of reading body, and reading body is measured from left to right along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi, obtains the absolute position data of many steel belt grating chis, and concrete measuring process is:
In the time of e≤a<f, 0≤p≤m-1,
wherein Z
10=X
0; In formula, e and f are respectively the position switching point at m root steel belt grating chi two ends, X
0it is the first read head and the second read head absolute position difference of reading on same steel belt grating chi; Z
10for the characteristic value of reading body, p is positive integer; Z
(p+1) pit is the switching value variable between p root and p+1 root steel belt grating chi; In the time of f≤a<g, 0≤p≤m,
Wherein Z
10=X
0; In the time of g≤a<h, 0≤p≤m,
Wherein Z
10=X
0;
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m+1 root steel belt grating chi that reads of the first read head; Described Y is the absolute position data variable of reading body output.
Operation principle of the present invention: the coded system that reading process of the present invention adopts is the mode that absolute code, incremental code, identification code combine, definitely code channel is fabricated directly into absolute position data the grid line of different in width and different spacing the absolute position that is used for determining grating scale on grating scale by coding form, identical for the absolute coding on the every steel belt grating chi splicing, coding difficulty reduces greatly; Increment code channel provides high-resolution positional value by subdivision, is used for determining precision and the resolving power of grating; Mark code channel is used for judging which bar steel hand tape read head is positioned on, and each steel belt grating chi all has unique identification code, and identification code is endowed unique data value for calculating the absolute position of read head.Carry out absolute position data while reading at read head, the data that read are made up of two parts: a part of data are absolute coding value and incremental encoding value, and another part data are identification code value.Because the absolute coding value on every steel belt grating chi is all identical, absolute coding value under this coded system on every steel belt grating chi is not used for determining reading body residing absolute position in whole measuring process, but is used for determining the absolute position data of read head on single steel hand tape.Be combined in the concrete steel belt grating chi that on every steel belt grating chi, unique identification code value is set and just can determines reading body place, and then definite reading body residing absolute position in whole measuring process.When measurement, two read heads reading simultaneously, according to circumstances selects when output data; Under the coded system that adopts absolute code, incremental code, identification code to combine, the absolute position data of reading body in measuring process determined jointly by absolute code, identification code, incremental code.The length of every steel belt grating chi is shorter and have identical absolute coding value, does not have the difficulty of super-large length absolute coding while carrying out absolute coding thereon.On every steel belt grating chi, be all endowed unique identification code value, if having K root steel hand tape for splicing, so only need K identification code value, the difficulty of carrying out identification code is very low.Adopt this coded system under the extremely low condition of coding difficulty, to expand easily its measurement category.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention applies the many absolute type steel hand tape connecting methods with identification code, adopt double-reading head to carry out data acquisition, coordinate corresponding data processing algorithm, not only significantly improve the measurement category of absolute type steel belt grating chi, and greatly reduce the technology difficulty in coding difficulty and steel hand tape spreading process, adopting reading body to carry out reading can be by the error concealment producing in splicing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the number reading method partial structurtes schematic diagram that double-reading head of the present invention reads the absolute grating scale with mark code channel;
Fig. 2 is that double-reading head of the present invention reads the schematic diagram of encoding in the number reading method of absolute grating scale with mark code channel;
Fig. 3 is that double-reading head of the present invention reads reading body course of work schematic diagram from left to right in the number reading method with the absolute grating scale that identifies code channel;
Fig. 4 is that double-reading head of the present invention reads reading body course of work schematic diagram from right to left in the number reading method with the absolute grating scale that identifies code channel.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one, in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, present embodiment is described, double-reading head reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, and specific implementation process is:
One, be rigidly connected and form reading body 3 by the first read head A and the second read head B, there are many three code channel steel belt grating chis 4 orders to be fixed on lathe 1 on corresponding locating surface 2, many steel belt grating chis 4 extended line each other, adjacent steel belt grating chi 4 terminations can be untight close, even can leave larger distance.Reading body 3 moves along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi 4.
Two, the measuring center point of the first read head A is a, and the measuring center point of the second read head B is b, and the distance of two measuring centers is ab; In k bar steel belt grating chi 4, on m bar of steel belt grating chi 4, select two switching point e and f, on m+1 bar of steel belt grating chi 4, select two switching point g and h.Z
(m+1) mwhile all crossing over the switching point of adjacent two chis for read head A, B center line, the difference of reading of two read head A, B, is called switching value,
wherein, W
m+1be the identification code data of m+1 root steel belt grating chi 4,
absolute coding and the incremental encoding data of the m+1 root steel belt grating chi 4 reading for read head B; W
mbe the identification code data of m root steel belt grating chi 4,
absolute coding and the incremental encoding data of the m root steel belt grating chi 4 reading for read head A.Each adjacent steel belt grating chi 4 switching value Z
(m+1) mcan be identical can be not identical yet, its value can obtain in the time working first, and is stored in reading body 3; Described switching value Z
(m+1) mselection principle be in the time that the measuring center point of two read heads of reading body 3 and the position of one of them switching point coincide, reading body 3 can completelys extract steel belt grating chis 4 signal, complete the absolute measurement of this position, the distance that simultaneously also will meet two measuring center points is greater than the difference of reading of two read heads, that is: ab>Z
(m+1) m.
Three, described reading body 3 moves from left to right on m root steel belt grating chi 4 and m+1 root steel belt grating chi 4, total k root steel hand tape.Its data processing rule is as follows:
A, when a point on the first read head A, start to move from left to right from the position that overlaps with the e point of m root steel belt grating chi 4, until before arrival f point, choose the data that the first read head A reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
B, when a point on the first read head A, arrive f point, carry out reading body 3 readings and choose switching, choose the data that the second read head B reads, reading body 3 continues to move right, until before arriving g point, choose the data that the second read head B reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
C, when a point on the first read head A arrives g point, carry out the read head of reading body 3 and choose switching, choose the data that the first read head A reads, reading body 3 continues to move right, until before arriving h point, choose the data that the first read head A reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
In conjunction with Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, as shown in Figure 2, the coding layout of steel belt grating chi 4 comprises absolute code channel, increment code channel and mark code channel to the coding layout of described steel belt grating chi 4.Each read head in described reading body 3 can complete independently the graphics process of absolute code channel, increment code channel and mark code channel of corresponding steel belt grating chi 4, obtain absolute code channel signal and increment code channel signal, realize the absolute measurement in length separately of each steel belt grating chi 4; Obtain mark code channel signal, determine the position of the steel belt grating chi 4 at reading body place; Reading body 3 is processed the signal that three code channels read, and can obtain the data that reading body 3 is exported.
The absolute position difference of reading of two read head A and B on same m steel belt grating chi 4
be one and determine number, this determines that number is exactly a characteristic value of this reading body, and this characteristic value will be stored in reading body 3.
be absolute code channel and the increment code channel numerical value on the m root steel hand tape that reads of the second read head B;
In conjunction with Fig. 4, present embodiment is described, described reading body 3 moves from right to left on m root steel belt grating chi 4 and m+1 root steel belt grating chi 4, total k root steel hand tape; Its data processing rule is as follows:
A, when a point on the first read head A, start to move from right to left from the position that overlaps with h point, until before arrival g point, choose the data that the first read head A reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
B, when a point on the first read head A, arrive g point, carry out read head reading and choose switching, choose the data that the second read head B reads, reading body 3 continues to be moved to the left, until before arriving f point, choose the data that the second read head B reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
C, when a point on the first read head A arrives f point, carry out read head and choose reading and switch, choose the data that the first read head A reads, reading body 3 continues to be moved to the left, until before arriving e point, choose the data that the first read head A reads, the account form of the data Y that reading body 3 is exported is:
Claims (6)
1. double-reading head reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, the method is realized by following steps:
Step 1, many absolute type steel belt grating chis (4) are fixed on the locating surface (2) of lathe (1) successively, between adjacent absolute type steel belt grating chi, there is spacing, reading body is made up of the first read head (A) and the second read head (B), and reading body (3) moves left and right along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi (4);
Step 2, at the two ends of every steel belt grating chi (4) desired location switching point respectively, the measuring center point of the first read head is a, the measuring center point of the second read head is b, the difference of reading on two adjacent steel grating belt chis (4) is as switching value respectively for described the first reading and the second read head, and described switching value is specially:
in formula, W
m+1be the identification code data of m+1 root steel belt grating chi (4),
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m+1 root steel belt grating chi (4) that reads of the second read head (B); W
mbe the identification code data of m root steel belt grating chi (4),
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m root steel belt grating chi (4) that reads of the first read head (A);
Absolute coding on step 3, every steel belt grating chi (4) is identical, mark code channel judges the position of reading body, reading body is measured from left to right along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi (4), obtain the absolute position data of many steel belt grating chis (4), concrete measuring process is:
In the time of e≤a<f, 0≤p≤m-1,
wherein Z
10=X
0; In formula, e and f are respectively the position switching point at m root steel belt grating chi (4) two ends, X
0be the first read head (A) and the absolute position difference of reading of the second read head (B) on same steel belt grating chi (4); Z
10for the characteristic value of reading body (3), p is positive integer; Z
(p+1) pit is the switching value variable between p root and p+1 root steel belt grating chi (4); In the time of f≤a<g, 0≤p≤m,
wherein Z
10=X
0; In the time of g≤a<h, 0≤p≤m,
Wherein Z
10=X
0;
be absolute coding data and the incremental encoding data of the m+1 root steel belt grating chi (4) that reads of the first read head (A); Described Y is the absolute position data variable of reading body (3) output.
2. double-reading head according to claim 1 reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, reading body (3) is measured from right to left along the direction of measurement of steel belt grating chi (4), obtain the absolute position data of many steel belt grating chis (4), concrete measuring process is:
In the time of g<a≤h, 0≤p≤m,
Wherein Z
10=X
0;
In the time of f<a≤g, 0≤p≤m,
Wherein Z
10=X
0;
In the time of e<a≤f, 0≤p≤m-1,
Wherein Z
10=X
0.
3. double-reading head according to claim 1 reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, the test surface of the reading detector of described reading body (3) is parallel with the locating surface (2) of lathe (1).
4. double-reading head according to claim 1 reads the number reading method of absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, the first read head (A) and the second read head (B) described in step 1 are rigidly connected.
5. double-reading head according to claim 1 reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, in the process that every adjacent absolute type steel belt grating chi (4) is installed in splicing, the spacing of adjacent absolute type steel belt grating chi (4) does not require strict conformance.
6. double-reading head according to claim 1 reads the number reading method of the absolute grating scale with mark code channel, it is characterized in that, every steel belt grating chi (4) has unique identification code.
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| CN109916312A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 广东工业大学 | Grating ruler reading head, grating scale connector and grating rule displacement sensor |
| CN110879041B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-06-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Linear double-code-channel absolute steel tape ruler and reading method thereof |
| CN110954145B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-08-17 | 杭州慧灵控制工程有限公司 | Detection device and method for incremental code channel |
| CN112284300A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-29 | 长春汇通光电技术有限公司 | Angular displacement measuring method, device and system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112762836B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-02-28 | 长春汇通光电技术有限公司 | Grating scale, grating scale reading method and device and computer storage medium |
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