CN103053414A - Method for doubling corn haploid by herbicide and special herbicide of method - Google Patents
Method for doubling corn haploid by herbicide and special herbicide of method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for doubling corn haploid by a herbicide and the special herbicide of the method. According to the method for doubling the corn haploid, the corn haploid is processed by the special herbicide to obtain corn diploid; and an active ingredient of the special herbicide is any one of the following chemical compounds: amiprophos-methl, propyzamide and trifluralin. The special herbicide consists of the active ingredient of the special herbicide, accessory ingredients and water; and the accessory ingredients consist of dimethyl sulfoxide and TWEEN-80 or dimethyl sulfoxide, TWEEN-80 and thienone. The special herbicide provided by the invention causes small environment pollution and is low in toxicity and residue and prone to degradation, and the dead rate of seedlings is 0 after the corn haploid is processed by a center dropping method with the special herbicide. The method is simple, convenient and efficient, and the doubling rate can reach 27.9%; and the doubling rate of the corn haploid processed by a bud immersion method with the special herbicide can reach 17.9%, and the dead rate of seedlings is obviously lower than that of the seedlings processed by colchicine. The method and the herbicide are suitable for large-scale operation, and can be applicable to large-scale breeding of the corn haploid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of weed killer herbicide that utilizes and double the haploid method of corn and herbicides special thereof.
Background technology
Based on inducing the Haploid Breeding of Maize technology that is, in the last few years, its scale was used, and had become one of modern corn breeding three large core technologies that compare favourably with molecular mark technology, transgenic technology.Corn is uniquely to utilize that genetic method is extensive cultivates haploid crop, but that its nature and chemistry add multiplying power is still on the low side, causes the good monoploid material of many economical characters and yield traits, owing to failing to double to lose, causes larger loss.
Current, corn monoploid chemistry doubles mainly to use colchicine, the method to exist a lot of shortcomings: easily form chimera during processing; Cause plant misgrowth, dead seedling, deformity; Processing method is loaded down with trivial details, is not suitable for scale and uses; Colchicine have severe toxicity, easily to environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of weed killer herbicide that utilizes and double the haploid method of corn and herbicides special thereof.
The haploid method for doubling of corn provided by the present invention obtains the corn dliploid for using herbicides special to process corn monoploid; The active ingredient of described herbicides special is any one following compound: amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and trefanocide.
Described being treated to dripped heart method or soaked the bud method; Described heart method comprises the steps: all to add herbicides special A in the lobus cardiacus of 3 leaf phases of corn haplobiont and 5 leaf phases; The described bud method of soaking comprises the steps: the plumule of described corn monoploid seed is soaked among the herbicides special B;
Described herbicides special A is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent A and the water of described herbicides special, and described herbicides special B is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent B and the water of described herbicides special;
Described auxiliary agent A is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, and described auxiliary agent B is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80.
In described herbicides special A, the concentration of the active ingredient of described herbicides special is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition); The concentration of described thiophene ketone is 0.001～0.05% (quality percentage composition);
In described herbicides special B, the concentration of the active ingredient of described herbicides special is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition).
In described herbicides special A, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone specifically can be: 1% (quality percentage composition), 0.05% (quality percentage composition) and 0.025% (quality percentage composition);
In described herbicides special B, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80 specifically can be: 0.5% (quality percentage composition) and 0.01% (quality percentage composition).
Described in the corn haplobiont 3 leaf phases and the lobus cardiacuses of 5 leaf phases in all add described herbicides special A amount be 1～2ml; The described soaking conditions that soaks the bud method is as follows: illumination condition is for dark, and temperature is 15～18 ℃, and the time is 6～12h, specifically can be 12 hours.
Herbicides special provided by the present invention is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent and the water of described herbicides special; The active ingredient of described herbicides special is arbitrarily-kind of following compound: and amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and trefanocide;
Described auxiliary agent is formed or is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80 by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone.
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described thiophene ketone in described weed killer herbicide is 0.001%～0.05% (quality percentage composition);
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition).
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide specifically can be 1% (quality percentage composition), the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide specifically can be 0.05% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described thiophene ketone in described weed killer herbicide specifically can be 0.025% (quality percentage composition);
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide specifically can be 0.5% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide specifically can be 0.01% (quality percentage composition).
Described corn monoploid is to obtain by the method that comprises the steps: be male parent to maternal pollination with the corn haploid induction, results cross-pollinated seed obtains corn monoploid.
Described male parent is corn haploid inducing line Stock6, and described female parent is elder generation beautiful 335.
Herbicides special provided by the present invention is little to the pollution of environment, and low toxicity, low-residual, easily degraded utilize this herbicides special to drip heart method and process that death rate is 0 behind the corn monoploid, and the method are easy, efficient, adds multiplying power and can reach 27.9%; Utilize this herbicides special to soak the haploid multiplying power that adds of bud method processing corn and can reach 17.9%, death rate is starkly lower than colchicine.The present invention is suitable for the scale operation, can be applicable to the haploid scale breeding of corn.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the corn haploid induction and doubles procedure chart.Wherein, the A in the haplobiont loose powder situation map is complete fertile plant, and B is the part fertile plant, and C is complete sterile plant.
Embodiment
Employed experimental technique is conventional method if no special instructions among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels among the following embodiment.
Production company and the purity of the reagent that uses are as follows among the following embodiment:
Amiprophos-methyl: Sigma-aldrich company produces, and purity is 98%;
Propyzamide: Sigma-aldrich company produces, and purity is 98%;
Trefanocide: Sigma-aldrich company produces, and purity is 98%;
High golden thiophene ketone: active ingredient is thiophene ketone, and Gao Jin pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd in Xinxiang produces, and purity is 99.57%.
The molar concentration of herbicide solution is the active ingredient meter in amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and the trefanocide of buying among the following embodiment.
Embodiment 1, utilize herbicides special to double corn monoploid
(1), the acquisition of corn monoploid seed
As male parent, (Fig. 1) hybridized as female parent in beautiful 335 (Dunhuang kind industry pioneer breeding Co., Ltds) first with corn haploid inducing line Stock6 (U.S. profound scholar gets company, Garst Seed Co).After seed maturity, the drying, select the seed of the white embryo in purple top, for subsequent use.
(2), the haploid evaluation of corn
1, genetic marker is identified
Based on the Navajo genetic marker system, take the Zi Ding of seed and purple embryo as the dominant marker.Hybrid seed to results pursues the grain evaluation, and the seed of the white embryo in purple top is monoploid, and the seed of the purple embryo in purple top is the dliploid that normally hybridizes, and the Bai Dingbai embryo is the dliploid seed that is subjected to pollen contamination, and other also has a small amount of embryoless seeds.Drip heart method at the monoploid Seedling Stage, according to the plant color identification monoploid by the control of Navajo gene, purple plant is hybrid strain, and green plant is monoploid; Soak the bud method was rejected purple embryo in rear 24 hours for the first time in seed soaking dliploid seed; Germinateing, reject strike the second time after 48 hours, the coleoptile point has the purple dliploid seed of putting, and chooses for the third time the liploid plant of robust plant, leaf sheath purple in seedling stage.
2, cytological Identification
When corn monoploid young shoot, cut the tip of a root and carry out the cytology compressing tablet, observe chromosome number.Cut Corn Root Tip Cells 2～3mm, be put in the saturated paracide aqueous solution, soak 3～4h, take out with Kano fixer (95% ethanol: glacial acetic acid=3: 1) fixing 24h.Change 70% alcohol over to, preserve in 4 ℃ of refrigerators.Use ddH
2O cleans for several times, adds the mixture of cellulase (2%) and pectase (0.5%), and 4～5h dissociates in 28 ℃ of incubators.Compressing tablet is examined under a microscope chromosome number, and takes pictures.Normal maize chromosome number is 2n=20, and haploid chromosome number is n=10.
(3), corn is haploid doubles
1, utilize a heart method to double corn monoploid
It is the aqueous solution of 20 μ mol/L, 40 μ mol/L, 80 μ mol/L and 160 μ mol/L that amiprophos-methyl, three kinds of weed killer herbicides of propyzamide and trefanocide are become concentration according to the formulated of table 1 respectively.
Get step () Stock6 and push up white embryo seed (Fig. 1) with the purple that first beautiful 335 hybridization obtain, plant in the land for growing field crops, 3 leaves were rejected the liploid plant of robust plant, leaf sheath purple before the phase.
When the corn haplobiont grows to 3 leaf phases and 5 leaves during the phase (Fig. 1), the weed killer herbicide aqueous solution (table 1) with above-mentioned variable concentrations splashes into lobus cardiacus respectively, every strain each 1～2ml in two periods, the leaf heart drips full getting final product, 3 repetitions are done in the processing of each concentration weed killer herbicide aqueous solution, each repeats to establish 90 strains, take same period sowing without dripping monoploid that heart method processes as contrast.
Table 1. heart method doubles the haploid Herbicidal composition of corn
2, utilize and to soak the bud method and double corn monoploid
(1) swings in wet towel behind the white embryo seed seed soaking in the purple top of the corn 12h that Stock6 in the step () and first beautiful 335 hybridization is obtained, cover at last germination 48h with vinyl disc.Wet towel uses distilled water 500ml during operation, and the corn kernel embryo is all neatly put up; Reject for the first time the dliploid seed of purple embryo behind the germination 24h; Reject strike the second time behind the germination 48h, the coleoptile point has the purple dliploid seed of putting.
(2) with the corn kernel coleoptile top otch of step (1) germination 48h, immerse in the herbicide solution (it is the aqueous solution of 1 μ mol/L, 5 μ mol/L, 10 μ mol/L and 20 μ mol/L that weed killer herbicide amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and trefanocide are become concentration according to the formulated of table 2 respectively) of variable concentrations low temperature (15～18 ℃) and process 12h.Then use the rear field that moves into of plumule 30min (noting not injuring plumule during cleaning) of clear water cleaning treatment.Will note not injuring sheath inner tissue during the otch of coleoptile top during operation, processing will be in camera bellows.Each is processed 3 times and repeats, and each repeats 90 monoploid seeds, take the seed soaking same period germinate but without the monoploid of herbicide solution processing as contrast.
(3) liploid plant except robust plant, leaf sheath purple is chosen in the field for the third time.
Table 2. soaks the bud method and doubles the haploid Herbicidal composition of corn
(4), add the multiplying power statistics
To through dripping heart method or soaking tassel and the female fringe difference bagging of the corn haplobiont of bud method processing, manually carry out the individual plant selfing pollination.Before the pollination, the tassel of getting the corn haplobiont carries out the Pollen Activity analysis, proves the pollen of a part of plant for educating fully, and a part can be educated for part, and a part is fully sterile (Fig. 1).After the pollination, under the condition of strict isolation and strict artificial autocopulation pollination, statistics is dripped heart method and is soaked in the bud method each and process and the haplobiont that repeats doubles successfully to obtain the plant number of solid fruit ear (Fig. 1), and calculating adds multiplying power, the results are shown in following table 3 and table 4.
Doubling monoploids rate (%)=(number of the number of solid plant/processing haplobiont in the haplobiont of processing) * 100%.
Above-mentioned Pollen Activity analytical method is: after the corn haplobiont was taken out hero, the flower pesticide that gathers the tassel loose powder placed on the slide, adds 1 distilled water, with tweezers flower pesticide is fully smashed to pieces, pollen grain is discharged, add again 1～2 0.2% I-KI solution, compressing tablet is observed under low-powered microscope.Starch-containing chance iodine becomes blue in the normal pollen, and the pollen that vigor is low is met iodine and is yellowish-brown.If the pollen part can dye, part is not colored, and illustrates that pollen only has part to double successfully, and showing as part can educate.
Table 3. variable concentrations weed killer herbicide drips heart method processes the haploid statistical effect that doubles of corn
Table 4. variable concentrations weed killer herbicide soaks the bud method and processes the haploid statistical effect that doubles of corn
(5), the different disposal method is on the statistics of haplobiont survival rate impact
Field observation shows (seeing Table 5): the variable concentrations weed killer herbicide soaks bud method processing monoploid survival rate and has certain difference, the survival rate that 1～20 μ mol/L amiprophos-methyl was processed young shoot is 80.00%～96.36%, the survival rate that 1～20 μ mol/L propyzamide was processed young shoot is 75.44%～91.53%, the survival rate that 1～20 μ mol/L trefanocide was processed young shoot is that 52.08%～83.33%, 250.4～1502.1 μ mol/L colchicines soak the bud method to process the survival rate of young shoot be 36.00～60.00%; The variable concentrations weed killer herbicide drips heart method processing haplobiont survival rate and is 100%.
Table 5. distinct methods is processed corn haplobiont survival rate statistical form
(6), interpretation of result:
The present invention doubles successful fruit ear seed plantation and is dliploid by phenotypic evaluation (plant is green, and the plant of height neat and consistent is dliploid) and cytological Identification (identify with monoploid, chromosome number is that 2n=20 is dliploid).Weed killer herbicide of the present invention drips the haploid multiplying power that adds of heart method processing corn and can reach 27.9%, soaks the haploid multiplying power that adds of bud method processing corn and can reach 17.9%, apparently higher than 1.6% of contrast Natural doubling rate; Compare, soak bud method death rate and be starkly lower than colchicine with traditional colchicine (general valid density is 250.4～1502.1 μ mol/L) method for doubling that utilizes; Dripping heart method death rate is 0.
Claims (8)
1. the haploid method for doubling of corn is characterized in that: use herbicides special to process corn monoploid, obtain the corn dliploid; The active ingredient of described herbicides special is any one following compound: amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and trefanocide.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described being treated to dripped heart method or soaked the bud method; Described heart method comprises the steps: all to add herbicides special A in the lobus cardiacus of 3 leaf phases of corn haplobiont and 5 leaf phases; The described bud method of soaking comprises the steps: the plumule of described corn monoploid seed is soaked among the herbicides special B;
Described herbicides special A is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent A and the water of described herbicides special, and described herbicides special B is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent B and the water of described herbicides special;
Described auxiliary agent A is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, and described auxiliary agent B is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described herbicides special A, the concentration of the active ingredient of described herbicides special is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition); The concentration of described thiophene ketone is 0.001%～0.05% (quality percentage composition);
In described herbicides special B, the concentration of the active ingredient of described herbicides special is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition).
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described herbicides special A, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 1% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.05% (quality percentage composition); The concentration of described thiophene ketone is 0.025% (quality percentage composition);
In described herbicides special B, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 0.5% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 is 0.01% (quality percentage composition).
5. arbitrary described method according to claim 2-4 is characterized in that: described in the corn haplobiont 3 leaf phases and the lobus cardiacuses of 5 leaf phases in all add described herbicides special A amount be 1～2ml; The described soaking conditions that soaks the bud method is as follows: illumination condition is for dark, and temperature is 15～18 ℃, and the time is 6～12h.
6. make the herbicides special of corn doubling monoploids, it is characterized in that: described herbicides special is comprised of active ingredient, auxiliary agent and the water of described herbicides special; The active ingredient of described herbicides special is any one following compound: amiprophos-methyl, propyzamide and trefanocide; Described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80.
7. herbicides special according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described thiophene ketone in described weed killer herbicide is 0.001%～0.05% (quality percentage composition);
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～2% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01%～0.1% (quality percentage composition).
8. herbicides special according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TWEEN-80 and thiophene ketone, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 20～160 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 1% (quality percentage composition), the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.05% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described thiophene ketone in described weed killer herbicide is 0.025% (quality percentage composition);
When described auxiliary agent is comprised of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and TWEEN-80, the concentration of described weed killer herbicide active ingredient in described weed killer herbicide is 1～20 μ mol/L, the concentration of described dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in described weed killer herbicide is 0.5% (quality percentage composition), and the concentration of described TWEEN-80 in described weed killer herbicide is 0.01% (quality percentage composition).
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| CN108476979A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-04 | 南京理想农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Chinese cabbage tetraploid breeding method |
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| CN109122293B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-04-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所 | Method for doubling corn haploid by herbicide |
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| CN112568077A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-30 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for improving doubling efficiency of corn haploid |
| CN112772411A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-05-11 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Breeding method for inducing maize apomixis by using mixed reagent and application |
| CN116671436A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-01 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Composition for doubling haploid corn and haploid corn doubling method |
| CN116671436B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2024-03-12 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Composition for doubling haploid corn and haploid corn doubling method |
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