CN103050554B - Solar heat collection and power generation integral film and power generation and heat collection water heater comprising same - Google Patents
Solar heat collection and power generation integral film and power generation and heat collection water heater comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103050554B CN103050554B CN201210525375.0A CN201210525375A CN103050554B CN 103050554 B CN103050554 B CN 103050554B CN 201210525375 A CN201210525375 A CN 201210525375A CN 103050554 B CN103050554 B CN 103050554B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar heat collection and power generation integral film comprising a substrate, a heat collection and power generation composite film layer, a top electrode and a light trapping structural layer which are laminated upwards in sequence; the heat collection and power generation composite film layer comprises an aluminum (Al) cladding, a nickle-molybdenum (Ni-Mo) multi-layer film cladding, a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) cladding, a zinc sulfide (ZnS) cladding, an i-zinc oxide (ZnO) cladding, a ZnO-Al cladding and a magnesium fluoride (MgF2) cladding which are laminated upwards from the substrate in sequence, wherein the Ni-Mo multi-layer film cladding is formed by alternately overlaying a multi-layer Ni cladding and a multi-layer Ni-Mo alloy cladding; and the CZTS cladding is a Cu2ZnSnS4 film. According to the invention, a photovoltaic power generation functional unit and a heat collection functional unit which are formed by combining different film layers are integrated, wherein the same film layer can simultaneously become the structural layers of two functional units and has different roles in the two units; and the integral film simultaneously has heat collection and power generation functions, has the advantages of high solar energy utilization rate, good wear resistant performance, small size, light weight, simple structure, safety and reliability, and can be used for forming various heat collection and power generation integral solar water heaters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the composite material of a kind of photovoltaic material and selective heat-absorbing material, be specifically related to the power generation and heat collection water heater of the generating integrated film of a kind of solar energy heating and formation thereof, belong to technical field of new energies.
Background technology
Along with the minimizing increasingly of the non-renewable energy resources such as coal, oil total amount, energy problem has become the bottleneck of restriction international community economic development, and the environmental pollution that the use of traditional energy causes and climatic deterioration, more become the problem that human society is anxious to be resolved, use regenerative resource to replace traditional energy to become undoubtedly and address these problems best bet.Regenerative resource comprises wind energy, water energy, underground heat, tide and solar energy etc.Relative to other regenerative resources, solar energy has the advantage of its uniqueness, and solar energy resources enriches, and solar radiation up to 173,000TW, is namely irradiated to tellurian energy equivalence each second in the heat of burning 5,000,000 tons of coals to the energy of earth atmosphere.The area of 0.1% spreads the solar cell with 10% conversion efficiency at the earth's surface, just can meet the energy supply in the whole world, in addition, the solar thermal utilization of solar energy and opto-electronic conversion be not by the restriction of region, the time obtaining energy cost is short, can with the direct thermal-arrest in heat place or electricity consumption place generate electricity nearby and without the need to transport, utilize cost low.
From the viewpoint of light-use, the spectrum of sunlight is continuous print, and wave-length coverage is the infrared light of 2.1 μm from 0.3 μm of ultraviolet light to wavelength, if be converted into the energy of photon, then between 0.4eV to 4eV.From Wien's displacement law: at different temperature, the wavelength of black body radiation has a maximum, and along with the rising of temperature, the peak value of wavelength moves to shortwave direction.The surface temperature of the sun is 6000K, and radiation wavelength peak value concentrates near 0.51 μm, and namely the energy of solar radiation mainly concentrates on short-wave band.
The principle of photovoltaic generation can simplicity of explanation as follows; When light is irradiated on photovoltaic cell semi-conducting material, if when photon energy is greater than the energy gap of semi-conducting material, the energy being equivalent to semiconductor energy gap will be fallen by semiconductor absorber, thus generation electron-hole pair, the charge carrier generated near semiconductor internal junction is not arrived space charge region by compound, by the attraction of internal electric field, electronics flows into n district, hole flows into p district, and result makes n district store superfluous electronics, and there is superfluous hole in p district; P zone positive electricity, n zone negative electricity, the thin layer between n district and p district just creates electromotive force, Here it is photovoltaic effect, and the excessive power exceeding energy gap then can consume in the form of heat.If when photon energy is less than the energy gap of semi-conducting material, these photons cannot make this material produce electron-hole pair, but become heat after being reflected or being absorbed by battery back-sheet through semi-conducting material.
Monocrystaline silicon solar cell still dominate in large-scale application and industrial production, but owing to affecting by single crystal silicon material price and battery preparation technique loaded down with trivial details accordingly, the cost of monocrystaline silicon solar cell is caused to remain high, and the restriction of band gap due to silicon, the energy of the royal purple light energetic portions of solar spectrum is wasted.In order to save high-quality material, the substitute products of finding monocrystal silion cell, have progressively developed multi-crystal silicon film solar battery, amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell and cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery.But because cadmium has severe toxicity, meeting seriously contaminated environment, generally substitutes the optimal material of crystal silicon solar energy battery so can not become.Copper indium diselenide CuInSe
2or copper indium sulphur CuInS
2deng, being called for short CIS(energy gap is about 1.04eV), there is very high optical absorption coefficient, and there is not light-induced degradation problem.Because solar energy concentrates between 1.1eV to 1.7eV, so the desirable energy gap of solar battery obsorbing layer should be 1.4eV (light then only having wavelength to be less than 0.88 μm just has enough energy to produce photovoltaic effect), thus the energy gap increasing CIS material is needed, itself and solar spectrum is made to have better coupling, improve the conversion efficiency of battery, on the basis of CIS, therefore participate in appropriate Ga replace In atom formation CIGS(CuIn of the same clan with part
(1-x)ga
xse
2), realizing material energy gap can be adjustable in the scope of 1.04 ~ 1.7eV, generally selects X=0.3, i.e. CuIn in the preparation of battery
0.7ga
0.3se
2for absorbed layer material.CIGS is used as high conversion efficiency, with low cost, the functional and simple thin-film solar cells material of technique causes gazing at of people, and its primary structure mainly comprises: substrate, hearth electrode, absorbed layer, resilient coating, Window layer and top electrode.Substrate is generally soda-lime glass, and hearth electrode is generally Mo, and absorbed layer and cushioning layer material are respectively CIGS and CdS, and Window layer adopts intrinsic ZnO and Al to mix the double-decker of ZnO, and top electrode generally adopts the Al of pectinate texture, increases the utilization ratio of light.
Copper, zinc, tin, sulphur, selenium, the indium content in the earth's crust is respectively 50,75,2.2,260,0.05,0.049ppm(ppm).Gallium content in the earth's crust accounts for 2/100000ths, although more than the content of tin, gallium disperses in nature very much, does not have to form the gallium ore deposit of concentrating, and refines very difficult.The raising of the gallium content in traditional C IGS thin-film solar cells can make the band gap of CIGS improve gradually, but its electrology characteristic declines on the contrary to some extent when x>0.3, such as reduce its spectral response to shortwave, cause short circuit current reduction etc.In simple increase CIGS, the content of Ga can not obtain desirable high performance solar batteries.Want to make full use of solar energy, also need to find the solar photovoltaic absorbed layer material of more lower price high efficiency, make the spectral response of solar cell have identical or close distribution with solar spectrum as far as possible, the photon of different-energy fully can be absorbed.
On the other hand, the principle of photothermal conversion can simplicity of explanation as follows: when luminous energy is by absorbing material, the particle (comprising ion, molecule or atom) that the luminous energy absorbate of some frequency forms absorbs, the energy obtained makes absorbing material constituent particle by ground state (low-lying level) to excitation state (high level) transition, when particle returns ground state by excitation state transition, the form with heat energy discharges by its heat absorbed.
The structure of the coating for selective absorption of all solar collectors is divided into two parts substantially: infrared external reflection bottom (high infrared reflection such as copper, aluminium is than metal) and solar spectrum absorbed layer (metallic compound or metallic composite).Temperature is no more than to the heat collector of 600K, it mainly concentrates on infrared portion to extraradial energy, and its radiation wavelength peak value does not overlap with the spectrum line of the short-wave band (wavelength 0.3 ~ 2.1 μm) of solar radiation more than 6 μm.Theoretically, for the coating material on heat collector surface, its sorbent surface has higher absorptance solar spectrum scope planted agent, absorb solar radiation to greatest extent, in infrared range of spectrum, (wavelength is 2.1-5.0 μm) should keep alap heat emission ratio simultaneously, reduce its radiation heat loss to greatest extent, so just can utilize solar energy fully, improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, thus heat collector both can absorb infrared part in sunlight and visible light part, can stop again the energy dissipation of heat collector radiation.
But not all material can regard thermal-arrest materials'use.Common silicon photocell plate, temperature often rises 1 DEG C, its efficiency will reduce by 0.3% ~ 0.5%, and time one length will be bubbled under high light, when noon in summer, temperature reached more than 75 DEG C, silicon photocell plate common under 5 times of sun light intensity will bubble for 10 minutes, and oxidized, thus lower efficiency, serious meeting causes being heated uneven, cell piece bursts, and the heat radiation of solar cell is a problem as can be seen here.If solar panel uses metal fin to carry out natural heat dissipation, then need a large amount of fin, considerably increase cost; If use air blast cooling, not only need a large amount of electric energy, lose more than gain, and the life-span of fan and reliability not high; If use water-cooled, cooling water only plays thermolysis, when can not effectively thermal-arrest, also to lose more than gain directly to function of environment heat emission.
For the photovoltaic cell of the marketization, the conversion efficiency of its solar power generation is substantially about 15%, and other luminous energy of 85% then fail to be utilized effectively, and this part luminous energy is not reflected, and changes into heat energy exactly and is directly released in environment.The photocell of unit are, if possess the function of generating and thermal-arrest simultaneously, then can while generating, when ensureing that solar cell normally works, will thermal energy collecting not be become to recycle by the light energy conversion of gas-to electricity, the heat energy produced can be used for bathing, heating, refrigeration or again generates electricity with thermal source, thus can reach high efficiency for the utilization of luminous energy, has important theoretical significance and market development value.
Through finding existing relate art literature retrieval, China Patent No.: ZL201110189919.6, title: thin-film solar cells, describe a kind of thin-film solar cells, it is characterized in that the base lower portion of existing flat thin membranous type solar cell that the accommodation apparatus being used for accommodating coolant is directly set.China Patent No.: ZL201010116906.1, title: composite paraboloidal photovoltaic hot-water heat collector, describe a kind of composite paraboloidal photovoltaic hot-water heat collector, it is characterized in that carrying out optically focused by CPC, business-like photovoltaic cell panel element silica gel is adopted to be pasted onto on the aluminium sheet with coating for selective absorption, form structure alternately, and pass through the U-shaped cold water pipe of aluminium sheet lower surface, the heat of photovoltaic cell is derived.The waste heat that cell panel produces uses while being all intended to generate electricity by these two patents, but both there is no good insulation construction, heat loss through convection is all very serious, Heat-collecting effect is difficult to ensure, and both adopt commercial photovoltaic cell, be connected with heat-conducting plate by binding agent, not there is good long-term heat-conducting effect.
Chinese patent notification number: CN101447517B, title: a kind of thin film type solar power current collection tube device, describe a kind of thin film type solar power current collection tube device, existing thin film solar cell is it is characterized in that to be produced on pipe, adopt wire to be derived by electric current from interior pipe, adopt inert gas to fill inner and outer pipes gap.The material cost of the solar film battery that this device adopts is higher and can not thermal-arrest, in addition inert gas is easily revealed, cause being incubated, and the interconnect problem of each pipe does not solve, No leakage transmission cannot be realized and the function of heating working medium, so the effect of single generating can only be played, effective thermal-arrest effect cannot be played.
Further retrieval finds, Chinese Patent Application No.: 200410003029.1, title: a kind of shell full glass photovoltaic battery thermal vacuum heat collection pipe, describe a kind of shell full glass photovoltaic battery thermal vacuum heat collection pipe, it is characterized in that arranging solar panel with glass tube, and install metal absorber plate additional in its underpart, the axis of absorber plate is metal heat pipe, and glass tube is vacuumized sealing, wire is drawn from glass sealing.Absorption heat conduction is carried out heat exchange to condensation segment by the glass shell of metal fin and condensation segment by metal heat pipe.The specific features of the undeclared photovoltaic cell of this patent, and undeclared photovoltaic cell surface has special heat collection function, and only simple being placed on metallic plate by common photovoltaic cell can not play good Heat-collecting effect.Because glass tube serves as the heat-transfer area of condensation segment, its low thermal conductivity and less heat transfer area effectively by outside heat efferent duct, can not likely cause internal heat tube failure; In addition from the glass tube vacuumized by wire draw, the seal request for glass tube is too high, present stage technique cannot complete the sealing of wire and glass, not there is actual machinability.
" a kind of all-glass heat pipe vacuum collector tube of built-in photovoltaic cell component " of application number described in the Chinese patent application of 200810305219.7, and " a kind of glass vacuum heat collector/accumulator tube of built-in photovoltaic cell component " of application number described in the Chinese patent application of 200810305200.2, both interior pipe all direct with common photovoltaic battery panel for heat collector surface, be placed in glass inner tube, glass inner tube vacuumizes and fills phase-change working substance as heat pipe heat transfer device, its outside weldings ring glass vestlet, heat insulation layer is formed to the interlayer vacuum-pumping between inner and outer tubes, and from interior pipe through repeatedly glass sealing by wire extraction tube.Its shortcoming is: present stage technique cannot complete the sealing of wire and glass, thus not there is actual machinability; And photovoltaic cell all directly contacts with liquid phase-change working medium in the technical scheme of these two patent applications, Long-Time Service is difficult to ensure its reliability.
Sum up the existing solar energy equipment simultaneously possessing collection heat and generating power two kinds of functions, all there is the problem of several generality: be 1. all that common photovoltaic cell component is directly used as heat collecting receiver, or by the photovoltaic cell component of split together with thermal-arrest assembled; 2. photovoltaic cell material or not there is temperature tolerance, or the photovoltaic material adopting high cost for improving temperature tolerance; 3. insulation is not in place, or insulation structure is too complicated, thermal-arrest poor ability; 4. vacuumize insulation construction unreasonable, metal wire has to pass through glass-vacuum tube, and technique cannot realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for prior art above shortcomings, there is provided a kind of solar energy heating of low cost generating integrated film, its adopt three or five compounds of group photovoltaic materials and selective absorption plating integrated to carry out, possess collection heat and generating power two kinds of functions simultaneously, realize photovoltaic generation and thermal-arrest integration, reach the effect that solar energy utilization ratio is high, heat resistance good, volume is little, lightweight, structure is simple and safe and reliable; The present invention also provides two kinds of power generation and heat collection water heaters be made up of the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The generating integrated film of a kind of solar energy heating, it comprises substrate upwards stacked successively, thermal-arrest generating composite film, top electrode and light trapping structure layer, and described thermal-arrest generating composite film comprises the Al coating, Ni-Mo multilayer film coating, CZTS coating, ZnS coating, i-ZnO coating, ZnO:Al coating and the MgF that are up stacked gradually by substrate
2coating, wherein, Ni-Mo multilayer film coating is alternately formed by stacking by multilayer Ni coating and multilayer Ni-Mo alloy layer, and CZTS coating is Cu
2znSnS
4film.
Described substrate adopts high-boron-silicon glass, described Al coating and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating all adopt magnetically controlled sputter method to obtain, in the Ni-Mo alloy layer of this Ni-Mo multilayer film coating, the content of Mo is 80at%, described CZTS coating adopts radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain, described ZnS coating adopts radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain, described i-ZnO coating adopts rf magnetron sputtering ZnO preparation of target materials, and described ZnO:Al coating adopts and is mixed with 2wt%A1
2o
3znO ceramic target carry out magnetically controlled DC sputtering preparation, described MgF
2coating adopts radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain, and described top electrode is pectinate texture, and it adopts aluminium paste to be made by printing-sintering technique, and described light trapping structure layer adopts hydrophobic aerosil to carry out covering encapsulation to whole rete upper surface.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater be made up of the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating, it comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode, negative electrode, framework, glass cover-plate, substrate heat exchange structure and lagging casing, wherein, lagging casing is made up of the RPUF heat-insulating material of box-like metal shell and inner filling, its two ends are provided with working medium runner interface, framework is connected to the upper end of lagging casing and two ends are provided with wire outlet, glass cover-plate lid is placed in the upper end of framework and framework is sealed, the generating integrated film of solar energy heating is arranged among framework, it comprises the substrate stacked gradually from bottom to top, thermal-arrest generating composite film, top electrode and light trapping structure layer, the length of the substrate and thermal-arrest generating composite film Al coating and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating that are arranged in bottom exceeds the thermal-arrest generating composite film CZTS coating on its top, ZnS coating, i-ZnO coating, ZnO:Al coating and MgF
2the length of coating and top electrode, positive electrode be located at framework one inside and be folded between Ni-Mo multilayer film coating and light trapping structure layer, negative electrode is arranged at the MgF of framework inside another
2be connected on coating and with the top electrode of comb shape, substrate heat exchange structure is arranged within lagging casing and top and is connected with the bottom of substrate.
Described substrate heat exchange structure is fin structure, pipeline or micro channel heat exchanger.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater be made up of the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating, it comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode, negative electrode, double-layer glass tube and electroded pipe rubber end socket, wherein, double-layer glass tube has inner and outer tubes, the one end open of this outer tube, electroded pipe rubber end socket plugs the openend in this outer tube, the generating integrated film of solar energy heating in a tubular form and be arranged between the interior pipe of double-layer glass tube and outer tube, it is using this interior pipe as substrate, stacked thermal-arrest generating composite film from inside to outside, top electrode and light trapping structure layer, electroded pipe rubber end socket is connected with the positive electrode of annular and negative electrode respectively, generate electricity Al coating in composite film and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating of this positive electrode and thermal-arrest is connected, negative electrode is connected with the top electrode of comb shape.
Described electroded pipe rubber end socket comprises rubber end socket, positive electrode shell fragment, negative electrode shell fragment, rubber sheet gasket, positive electrode leading-out terminal and negative electrode leading-out terminal, wherein, rubber end socket is the temperature resistant rubber hollow cylinder that the one end open other end is closed, it plugs the openend in described double-layer glass tube outer tube, in this double-layer glass tube, the seal head end of pipe inserts the hollow lumen of this rubber end socket, positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment are arranged at the openend of rubber end socket, the sandwiched rubber sheet gasket in order to insulation between it, this positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment are provided with comb-shape spring leaf and are connected with described positive electrode and negative electrode respectively, positive electrode leading-out terminal and negative electrode leading-out terminal are connected on positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment, and the outer wall along rubber end socket stretches out the openend of described double-layer glass tube outer tube respectively.
The present invention proposes a kind of generating integrated film of solar energy heating of low cost, it adopts three or the five compounds of group battery materials also under the working temperature of 200 DEG C with the efficiency more than 10%, the unit therefrom selecting cost performance higher usually manufactures thin-film solar cells, and use this structure integrated to carry out in conjunction with the selective absorption plating of solar collector, coordinate advanced Insulation simultaneously, thus on same area, realize photovoltaic generation and thermal-arrest two kinds of functions simultaneously, reach the object greatly reducing expense of raw materials, improve solar energy utilization ratio.
The present invention is the set of photovoltaic generation functional unit and the heat collection function unit combined by different thin layer, wherein same thin rete can become one of structure sheaf of above-mentioned two kinds of functional units simultaneously, and this same thin rete function in two functional units is different.
The structure of described photovoltaic generation functional unit is up followed successively by from substrate: hearth electrode, absorbed layer, resilient coating, Window layer, anti-reflection layer, top electrode and light trapping structure layer.Al coating in the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating form described hearth electrode, and CZTS coating forms described absorbed layer, and ZnS coating forms described resilient coating, and i-ZnO coating and ZnO:Al coating form described Window layer, MgF
2coating forms described anti-reflection layer, and the top electrode in the generating integrated film of solar energy heating and light trapping structure layer are top electrode and the light trapping structure layer of photovoltaic generation functional unit.
The structure of described heat collection function unit is up followed successively by from substrate: infrared reflecting layer, metal medium compound heat-sink shell, anti-reflection layer and have the printing opacity heat insulation layer of light trapping structure, and it can be made up of the part thin layer of photovoltaic generation functional unit.Al coating in the generating integrated film of solar energy heating forms described infrared reflecting layer, is the ground floor of the hearth electrode in photovoltaic generation functional unit; Ni-Mo multilayer film coating, CZTS coating, ZnS coating, i-ZnO coating and ZnO:Al coating in the generating integrated film of solar energy heating form described metal medium compound heat-sink shell, are the second layer of the hearth electrode in photovoltaic generation functional unit, absorbed layer, resilient coating and Window layer; MgF in the generating integrated film of solar energy heating
2coating forms described anti-reflection layer, is the anti-reflection layer in photovoltaic generation functional unit; There is described in light trapping structure layer in the generating integrated film of solar energy heating is formed the printing opacity heat insulation layer of light trapping structure, be the light trapping structure layer in photovoltaic generation functional unit.
Compared with existing solar energy photovoltaic material, the generating integrated film of solar energy heating of the present invention can reach following beneficial effect:
1. solar-energy photo-voltaic cell and heat collector are integrated in one, make single film have collection heat and generating power two kinds of functions simultaneously, under achieving same illuminating area, while generating, remaining solar energy is changed into thermal energy collecting, to heat internal working medium, reach photovoltaic generation and thermal-arrest integration, substantially increase solar energy utilization ratio; When same heating surface (area) (HS keeping collecting efficiency substantially constant, namely its generating efficiency can reach 15%.
2. raw materials is more cheap material, and environmentally friendly, has the advantage that volume is little, lightweight, structure is simple, with low cost and safe and reliable.
3. according to different electricity consumption heat demands, self adaptation combination can be carried out to the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating and installs, realize the power generation and heat collection water heater of different structure.
Integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater of the present invention is compared with vacuum glass tube water heater, have employed the commercial double-layer glass tube with bearing capacity, no longer vacuumize between internal and external layers of glass pipe, and use aeroge packing material printing opacity adiabatic, solve heat collector seal and pressure bearing problem, there is the advantage that heat transfer efficiency is high, heat resistance is good, and avoid the process difficulties that conductive wire cannot pass through glass tube with vacuum.This device is adapted to existing solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe process technology, can carry out plating process improvement and produce and obtain on the basis of the manufacturing process of existing each solar energy evacuated double-glass evacuated tube, has the feasibility that large-scale production manufactures.Can directly apply in the water storage header structure of the solar collector of existing market, substitute original vacuum solar heat-collecting pipe and carry out thermal-arrest, and by the electrode leading-out terminal of wired in series or each rubber in parallel sealing device institute energy output collected or directly utilize.
In order to improve focusing ratio further, under identical power generation and heat collection power, reduce generating heat collection tube quantity, this integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater also can support the use with reduced form compound parabolic concentrator (CPC).The structure of reduced form CPC reflector is simple, profile stent can be done with weather-proof plastics, then paste the aluminium matter reflective membrane with non-oxidizability coating that reflectivity can reach 95% to make on its surface, so install a reflector additional and can reduce by about 2 generating heat collection tubes, the price of package unit is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the B-B profile of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 7 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 8 is the A-A profile of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the B-B profile of Fig. 6.
Figure 10 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the electroded rubber end socket of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Figure 11 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram of the electroded rubber end socket of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
In figure: 1 substrate, 2Al coating, 3Ni-Mo multilayer film coating, 4CZTS coating, 5ZnS coating, 6i-ZnO coating, 7ZnO:Al coating, 8MgF
2coating, 9 top electrodes, 10 light trapping structure layers, 11 thermal-arrest generating composite films, 12 positive electrodes, 13 negative electrodes, 14 frameworks, 15 glass cover-plates, 16 substrate heat exchange structures, 17 lagging casings, 18 working medium runner interfaces, 19 wire outlets, 21 double-layer glass tubes, 22 electroded rubber end sockets, 23 outer tubes, pipe in 24,25 positive electrode leading-out terminals, 26 negative electrode leading-out terminals, 27 rubber end sockets, 28 positive electrode shell fragments, 29 negative electrode shell fragments, 30 rubber sheet gaskets.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, following embodiment, premised on technical scheme of the present invention, gives detailed execution mode and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment is the generating integrated film of a solar energy heating, and its basic structure refers to Fig. 1 schematic diagram.The generating integrated film of diagram solar energy heating comprises substrate 1 upwards stacked successively, thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, top electrode 9 and light trapping structure layer 10, and described thermal-arrest generating composite film 11 comprises the Al coating 2, Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3, CZTS coating 4, ZnS coating 5, i-ZnO coating 6, ZnO:Al coating 7 and the MgF that are up stacked gradually by substrate 1
2coating 8, wherein, Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 is alternately formed by stacking by multilayer Ni coating and multilayer Ni-Mo alloy layer, and CZTS coating 4 is Cu
2znSnS
4film.
Described substrate 1 adopts glass or other metal or alloy to be made into withstand voltage anti-crushing structure.If the material of substrate 1 is glass material, then preferentially adopt high-boron-silicon glass, its maximum feature is to have low thermal coefficient of expansion and high-temperature stability (can reach 800 DEG C) and high thermal stability, and its heat conductivility is also better than common soda-lime glass.Namely the present embodiment substrate 1 adopts high-boron-silicon glass.
Described Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 all adopt magnetically controlled sputter method to cover and obtain on substrate 1, be Al coating 2 below, be Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 above, this two metal film layer has excellent electric conductivity and adhesive force, has different thermal-arrest effects separately simultaneously.Described Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 is alternately formed by stacking by multilayer Ni coating and multilayer Ni-Mo alloy layer, and wherein, Ni coating is soft coating, and Ni-Mo alloy layer is hard coating relatively.In the multilayer coating that soft or hard replaces, soft coating serves the effect of shear band, make to produce certain relative sliding when low stress level between hard coating, to alleviate internal stress and the interfacial stress of rete, in addition, soft or hard alternate multiple coating can also improve the cracking resistance of coating surface and the ability of antistripping to a great extent.Mo content changes noncrystalline state into more than the Ni-Mo alloy layer of 25at% completely by crystalline state.Mo itself is the non-reactive barrier material that a kind of fusing point is high, chemical stability is good, and in Ni-Mo alloy layer, Mo content is higher, and its diffusion barrier performance is better.In the present embodiment, in Ni-Mo alloy layer, the content of Mo is 80at%.
Described CZTS coating 4 is custerite structures, belongs to tetragonal crystal system, and on CIS chalcopyrite system cell configuration, half indium is substituted by tin, and half indium is substituted by zinc, just obtains the cell configuration of CZTS; Electricity shows the character that it is p-type semiconductor, direct band gap structure, band gap magnitude is 1.4-1.5ev, and the absorption coefficient of light reaches 10
4cm
-1.The various elements that this compound comprises are nontoxic, and in the earth's crust rich content and (Cu-48 unit/kg, Zn-23 unit/kg, Sn-94 unit/kg, S-0.3 unit/kg) with low cost.In the present embodiment, described CZTS coating 4 is quaternary semiconductor Compound C u
2znSnS
4film, and adopt industrialized radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain.
Described ZnS coating 5 is a kind of two or six novel race's wide bandgap compound semiconductor materials, and it has excellent photoelectric properties, and non-toxic, raw material is easy to get inexpensive, and epitaxial growth temperature is also lower.Described ZnS coating 5 adopts radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain, and is conducive to reducing equipment cost, suppresses solid phase outdiffusion, improves film quality, and is easy to realize doping.
Described i-ZnO coating 6 adopts rf magnetron sputtering high-purity ZnO preparation of target materials, and described ZnO:Al coating 7 adopts and is mixed with 2wt%A1
2o
3znO (purity 99.99%) ceramic target of (purity 99.99%) carries out magnetically controlled DC sputtering preparation.
Described MgF
2coating 8 is positioned at the outermost layer of thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, and it adopts radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to obtain.
Described top electrode 9 is pectinate texture, and it adopts the aluminium paste with low resistivity, is made by printing-sintering technique, makes the film of itself and lower floor form ohmic contact closely.
Described light trapping structure layer 10 adopts hydrophobic aerosil to carry out covering encapsulation to whole rete upper surface.Aeroge has good light transmission and less refractive index (n=1.01 ~ 1.06), and almost do not have reflection loss to incident light, it can reach more than 90% to the transmitance of sunlight.The size of the discontinuity of the surface of aeroge and the pattern of inside and structure is suitable with visible spectrum peak value, for shortwave radiation, it is rough surface, it fully can be absorbed, for long-wave radiation, it is minute surface, reflectivity is very high, thus forms the trap effect to ultraviolet-visible, namely focuses on the light of short wavelength with the form in black hole, the infrared light of reflect long section, can keep its low emissivity like this.Owing to have employed hydrophobicity process, thus can use in wet environment, and keep structure and the heat insulation and preservation effect of aeroge.
The generating integrated film of described solar energy heating is the set of photovoltaic generation functional unit and the heat collection function unit combined by different thin layer, wherein same thin rete can become one of structure sheaf of above-mentioned two kinds of functional units simultaneously, and this same thin rete function in two functional units is different.
Below the effect of each structural film layer in two functional units is elaborated respectively.
The effect of each structural film layer in described photovoltaic generation functional unit:
The structure of described photovoltaic generation functional unit is up followed successively by from substrate 1: hearth electrode, absorbed layer, resilient coating, Window layer, anti-reflection layer, top electrode and light trapping structure layer.
Described Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 form the hearth electrode in described photovoltaic generation functional unit structure, and the effect of described hearth electrode mainly in order to export to external circuit by photo-generated carrier smoothly from semiconductor.
Described CZTS coating 4 forms the absorbed layer in described photovoltaic generation functional unit structure, the photoelectric property of its excellence is well suited for the substitution material as CIGS thin film solar battery obsorbing layer, drawn by theory calculate, the limiting efficiency of CZTS thin-film solar cells is up to 32.2%.
Described ZnS coating 5 forms the resilient coating in described photovoltaic generation functional unit structure, it not only can reduce the problem that between absorbed layer and Window layer, energy gap continuity is poor, out-of-flatness and the lattice mismatch phenomenon of heterojunction between absorbed layer and Window layer on absorbed layer surface can also be improved, reduce dangling bonds and the interfacial state at bi-material interface place, thus reduce its compound to photo-generated carrier, improve battery efficiency; The ZnS film of even structure densification can wrap up absorbed layer effectively simultaneously, reduces the probability of battery short circuit.
Described high resistant i-ZnO coating 6 and low-resistance ZnO:Al coating 7 form the Window layer in described photovoltaic generation functional unit structure.ZnO film is with low cost, is easy to realize doping, and good stability in the plasma; The energy gap of its eigenstate of metal oxide materials of transparent conductive film all can be greater than 3eV, is thus transparent in visible-range; And these metal-oxide films will lose part oxygen at normal temperatures and cause its chemical mismatch, and in film, leave Lacking oxygen, these Lacking oxygen can provide electronics to conduct electricity as free carrier.The transmitance of ZnO:Al film in visible region is higher than 90%, and resistivity is lower than 10
-4Ω cm.
Described MgF
2coating 8 forms the anti-reflection layer in described photovoltaic generation functional unit structure, and its Main Function reduces reflection, strengthens and absorb and can conduct electricity and protect whole rete.
Described top electrode 9 forms the top electrode of described photovoltaic generation functional unit, and as the negative pole collecting electronics, its figure should make carrier flow short as much as possible through the path of Window layer, thus reduces series resistance.
Described light trapping structure layer 10 forms the light trapping structure layer of described photovoltaic generation functional unit.
The effect of each structural film layer in described heat collection function unit:
The structure of described heat collection function unit is up followed successively by from substrate 1: infrared reflecting layer, metal medium compound heat-sink shell, anti-reflection layer and have the printing opacity heat insulation layer of light trapping structure.
Described Al coating 2 forms the infrared reflecting layer of described heat collection function unit, and it is positioned at the bottom of thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, is the ground floor of the hearth electrode in photovoltaic generation functional unit; It can strengthen infrared external reflection and be formed with metal medium compound heat-sink shell interferes, and improves light energy absorption rate.
Described Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3, CZTS coating 4, ZnS coating 5, i-ZnO coating 6 and ZnO:Al coating 7 form the metal medium compound heat-sink shell of described heat collection function unit, are the second layer of the hearth electrode in photovoltaic generation functional unit, absorbed layer, resilient coating and Window layer.Theoretical according to medium, utilize the metallic particles disperseed in the dielectric, the photon of visible ray in different wavelength range is made to produce Multiple Scattering and internal reflection, absorb the solar radiation photon being greater than energy gap, make electronics wherein by valence to conduction band, thus absorbed, when the electronics being energized into conduction band returns valence band because of unstable, to release energy, cause the vibration of lattice.Due to band-to-band transition and the intergranular effect of metallic particles, the photon energy that energy is less than energy gap is not enough to excite valence-band electrons generation energy level transition, makes to have the very high transparency in the infrared light region that wavelength is longer.
Described MgF
2coating 8 forms the anti-reflection layer of described heat collection function unit, is the anti-reflection layer in photovoltaic generation functional unit, and their function is consistent.
Described light trapping structure layer 10 forms the printing opacity heat insulation layer with light trapping structure in described heat collection function unit, is the light trapping structure layer in photovoltaic generation functional unit.This printing opacity heat insulation layer with light trapping structure except there is the light trapping structure in photovoltaic generation functional unit, also as printing opacity heat insulation layer.Existence due to a large amount of nano-pore is less than the air molecule free path in pore, and gas loses free-moving ability, and thermal convection heat output is almost nil, and therefore it has possessed the characteristic of low bulk density and low conductivity simultaneously.Due to the nanometer porous structure of aeroge inside, make its inside containing a lot of reflecting interfaces and microscopic scatterers, add, in thermal radiation absorption, modification has been carried out to material, the thermal radiation of aeroge can be made to drop to minimum through reflection, scattering and absorption.Therefore, aerogel material has the thermal transmission coefficient also lower than still air.
The concrete preparation process of the present embodiment is: the Al coating 2 up sputtering 0.5 ~ 1 μm from substrate 1 successively, the Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 of 0.5 ~ 1 μm, the CZTS coating 4 of 1.5 ~ 2 μm, the ZnS coating 5 of 0.03 ~ 0.05 μm, the ZnO:Al coating 7 of i-ZnO coating 6,0.5 ~ 0.6 μm of 0.05 ~ 0.08 μm and the MgF of 0.02 ~ 0.05 μm
2coating 8; Thermal-arrest generating composite film 11 all coating sputter after, the technique of surface printing-sintering makes the aluminium matter top electrode 9 of pectinate texture thereon, encapsulate in the light trapping structure layer 10 of whole rete upper surface aerosil is covered.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is the integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater that the generating integrated film of a solar energy heating is formed, and its overall structure Sum decomposition structural representation refers to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Diagram integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode 12, negative electrode 13, framework 14, glass cover-plate 15, substrate heat exchange structure 16 and lagging casing 17.
Described lagging casing 17 is made up of the RPUF heat-insulating material of box-like double-level-metal housing and inner filling, its two ends are with working medium runner interface 18, thus enable whole device be in series or in parallel to form system as separate unit, for thermal-arrest.
Refer to Fig. 5, described framework 14 is connected to the upper end of lagging casing 17, and its two ends are provided with wire outlet 19, can be drawn thus by the wire with Electrode connection easily.
The generating integrated film of described solar energy heating is arranged among framework 14, makes it have rigid structure support, it comprise stack gradually from bottom to top substrate 1, thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, top electrode 9 and light trapping structure layer 10.Be arranged in the substrate 1 of bottom and the thermal-arrest generating Al coating 2 of composite film 11 and the length of Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 and exceed the CZTS coating 4 on its top, ZnS coating 5, i-ZnO coating 6, ZnO:Al coating 7 and MgF
2the length of coating 8 and top electrode 9, namely hearth electrode (Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3) be not all cover by the thin layer on top, the space of certain distance is there is, in order to print and to sinter positive electrode 12 at the upper surface of Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3.Described positive electrode 12 be located at framework 14 one inside, and to be folded between Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 and light trapping structure layer 10.Described negative electrode 13 be arranged at framework 14 another inside MgF
2on coating 8, and be connected with the top electrode 9 of comb shape, refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Described substrate heat exchange structure 16 is arranged within lagging casing 17, and top is connected with the bottom of substrate 1.Described substrate heat exchange structure 16 i.e. heat-collection water heater part, it is various fin structure, pipeline or micro channel heat exchanger, in the present embodiment, described substrate heat exchange structure 16 is folded fin structure, refer to Fig. 4, its by the bonding or soldering of heat-conducting glue in the bottom of substrate 1, also can the upper surface of substrate 1 inherently micro channel heat exchanger.
Described glass cover-plate 15 lid is placed in the upper end of framework 14, and framework 14 is sealed by glass cement or rubber seal strip, and light trapping structure layer 10 is installed on its inside.
The top electrode 9 that described integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater electricity amount can pass through planar shaped hearth electrode (Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3) and combed is collected on positive electrode 12 and negative electrode 13 respectively, and store with battery, be convenient to room lighting or other electricity consumption needs.Whole device can be used as the system unit generating that is together in series or parallel and uses, and also by being together in series or parallel for thermal-arrest by lagging casing 17, can form heating system.
This integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater is adapted to existing solar plate water heater process technology, can carry out improving on the basis of existing each solar plate water heater structure and produce obtaining.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is the integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater that the generating integrated film of a solar energy heating is formed, and its overall structure Sum decomposition structural representation refers to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Described integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode 12, negative electrode 13, double-layer glass tube 21 and electroded pipe rubber end socket 22, its principal character is the generating integrated film of solar energy heating is tubulose, and be layered in layer by layer in double-layer glass tube 21 on pipe by the order on integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater, then be connected respectively to annular positive electrode 12 and negative electrode 13 by the top electrode 9 of cast hearth electrode (Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3) and combed.
Described double-layer glass tube 21 uses now commercial double-layer glass tube to be the basic element of character, and it has interior pipe 24 and outer tube 23, and the one end open of this outer tube 23, does not seal.Electroded pipe rubber end socket 22 plugs the openend in this outer tube 23.Refer to Fig. 9, the generating integrated film of described solar energy heating in a tubular form, and being arranged between the interior pipe 24 of double-layer glass tube 21 and outer tube 23, it is using this interior pipe 24 as substrate 1, from inside to outside stacked thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, top electrode 9 and light trapping structure layer 10.Refer to Fig. 8, after the complete bottom electrode structural of surface sputtering (Al coating 2 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3) of pipe 24 in double-layer glass tube 21, a part of length is reserved in the end socket direction of interior pipe 24, in order to print and to sinter positive electrode 12, then on the surface of interior pipe 24, prepare thermal-arrest generating composite film 11, and be provided with the same side printing-sintering negative electrode 13 of positive electrode 12, thus positive and negative electrode 12 and 13 is positioned at same one end of integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater.Described light trapping structure layer 10 is filled in the outer tube 23 of double-layer glass tube 21 with the gap of interior pipe 24.Refer to Fig. 8, described electroded pipe rubber end socket 22 is connected with the positive electrode 12 of annular and negative electrode 13 respectively, generate electricity Al coating 2 in composite film 11 and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating 3 of this positive electrode 12 and thermal-arrest is connected, and negative electrode 13 is connected with the top electrode 9 of comb shape.
The overall structure Sum decomposition structural representation of described electroded pipe rubber end socket 22 is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, and this electroded pipe rubber end socket 22 comprises rubber end socket 27, positive electrode shell fragment 28, negative electrode shell fragment 29, rubber sheet gasket 30, positive electrode leading-out terminal 25 and negative electrode leading-out terminal 26.The temperature resistant rubber hollow cylinder that described rubber end socket 27 is closed for the one end open other end, its hollow-core construction is the laminated construction of the cylinder type hollow structure of two kinds of diameters, rubber end socket 27 plugs the openend of the outer tube 23 in described double-layer glass tube 21, refer to Fig. 8, the seal head end of the interior pipe 24 of this double-layer glass tube 21 inserts the hollow lumen of this rubber end socket 27.Positive electrode shell fragment 28 and negative electrode shell fragment 29 are installed in described rubber end socket 27, in order to electric current is drawn, this positive electrode shell fragment 28 and negative electrode shell fragment 29 are arranged at the openend of rubber end socket 27, be gripped with the rubber sheet gasket 30 in order to insulation, can prevent short circuit between it.Positive electrode shell fragment 28 is identical with negative electrode shell fragment 29 structure, varies in size, and is provided with comb-shape spring leaf and carries out Elastic Contact with described positive electrode 12 and negative electrode 13 respectively and be connected.Refer to Figure 11, described positive electrode leading-out terminal 25 and negative electrode leading-out terminal 26 are connected on positive electrode shell fragment 28 and negative electrode shell fragment 29, and the outer wall along rubber end socket 27 stretches out the openend of the outer tube 23 of described double-layer glass tube 21 respectively, electric current finally all can be derived from positive electrode leading-out terminal 25 and negative electrode leading-out terminal 26.One end being in open state of described interior pipe 24 can be filled with water and use as water heater.
Described integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater can directly apply in the water storage header structure of the solar collector of existing market, substitute original vacuum solar heat-collecting pipe and carry out thermal-arrest as water heater, by wired in series or each electrode leading-out terminal in parallel, device is directly used as generating equipment simultaneously.
Finally should be noted that; the above specific embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend; but do not limit the present invention in any way creation, this specific embodiment only illustrates technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention.Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; under the prerequisite of the essence and scope that do not depart from technical solution of the present invention; can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent to replace, but all technical schemes and improving not departing from essence of the present invention and scope all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater be made up of the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, it is characterized in that: described integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode, negative electrode, framework, glass cover-plate, substrate heat exchange structure and lagging casing, wherein, lagging casing is made up of the RPUF heat-insulating material of box-like metal shell and inner filling, its two ends are provided with working medium runner interface, framework is connected to the upper end of lagging casing and two ends are provided with wire outlet, glass cover-plate lid is placed in the upper end of framework and framework is sealed, the generating integrated film of solar energy heating is arranged among framework, it comprises the substrate stacked gradually from bottom to top, thermal-arrest generating composite film, top electrode and light trapping structure layer, the length of the substrate and thermal-arrest generating composite film Al coating and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating that are arranged in bottom exceeds the thermal-arrest generating composite film CZTS coating on its top, ZnS coating, i-ZnO coating, ZnO:Al coating and MgF
2the length of coating and top electrode, positive electrode be located at framework one inside and be folded between Ni-Mo multilayer film coating and light trapping structure layer, negative electrode is arranged at the MgF of framework inside another
2be connected on coating and with the top electrode of comb shape, substrate heat exchange structure is arranged within lagging casing and top and is connected with the bottom of substrate.
2. integral flat power generation and heat collection water heater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described substrate heat exchange structure is fin structure, pipeline or micro channel heat exchanger.
3. the integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater be made up of the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, it is characterized in that: described integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater comprises the generating integrated film of solar energy heating, positive electrode, negative electrode, double-layer glass tube and electroded pipe rubber end socket, wherein, double-layer glass tube has inner and outer tubes, the one end open of this outer tube, electroded pipe rubber end socket plugs the openend in this outer tube, the generating integrated film of solar energy heating in a tubular form and be arranged between the interior pipe of double-layer glass tube and outer tube, it is using this interior pipe as substrate, stacked thermal-arrest generating composite film from inside to outside, top electrode and light trapping structure layer, electroded pipe rubber end socket is connected with the positive electrode of annular and negative electrode respectively, generate electricity Al coating in composite film and Ni-Mo multilayer film coating of this positive electrode and thermal-arrest is connected, negative electrode is connected with the top electrode of comb shape.
4. integrated single radial cut tubulose power generation and heat collection water heater according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described electroded pipe rubber end socket comprises rubber end socket, positive electrode shell fragment, negative electrode shell fragment, rubber sheet gasket, positive electrode leading-out terminal and negative electrode leading-out terminal, wherein, rubber end socket is the temperature resistant rubber hollow cylinder that the one end open other end is closed, it plugs the openend in described double-layer glass tube outer tube, in this double-layer glass tube, the seal head end of pipe inserts the hollow lumen of this rubber end socket, positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment are arranged at the openend of rubber end socket, the sandwiched rubber sheet gasket in order to insulation between it, this positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment are provided with comb-shape spring leaf and are connected with described positive electrode and negative electrode respectively, positive electrode leading-out terminal and negative electrode leading-out terminal are connected on positive electrode shell fragment and negative electrode shell fragment, and the outer wall along rubber end socket stretches out the openend of described double-layer glass tube outer tube respectively.
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| CN110176503A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-27 | 浙江力晟玻璃科技有限公司 | A kind of cadmium telluride power generating glass |
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