CN103033944A - Polarization beam-combination device for pulsed laser - Google Patents
Polarization beam-combination device for pulsed laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization beam-combination device for a pulsed laser. The polarization beam-combination device comprises the pulsed laser, an input beam splitter, n laser amplifiers and n-1 polarization coherent beam-combination units. The pulsed laser outputs a beam of seed light. The input beam splitter divides the seed light into n sub-seed light beams. The n laser amplifiers respectively carry out power amplification to the n sub-seed light beams. The n-1 polarization coherent beam-combination units carry out pairwise polarization in-phase beam-combination for n-1 times to n laser beams output by the n laser amplifiers. N is a natural number which is bigger than or equal to two. An output end of the polarization beam-combination device is connected with an output beam splitter. A hard light output end of the output beam splitter is used as an output end of the polarization coherent beam-combination units. Light output from a low light output end of the output beam splitter shoots into a relative phase detection module of a drive phase control module, and the relative phase detection module enables phase positions of two laser beams to be consistent. Through adoption of a polarization detection method, the polarization beam-combination device detects the relative phase positions of the two laser beams, and is capable of achieving coaxial combination of a plurality of coherent light beams, high in combined efficiency and good in beam quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulsed laser polarization coupling device, belong to laser technology field.This device adopts the relevant method of closing bundle of polarization, and the relative phase of control two-way pulse laser is realized the high power pulsed laser output of line skewness.
Background technology
The high power pulsed laser military fields such as docking, laser fire control system that cross at laser weapon, laser have important application prospect.Although powerful chemical laser, solid state laser can have been realized the superlaser output of weapon magnitude, its brightness, cost, volume, beam quality and reliability still can not satisfy application requirements.The characteristics such as powerful fiber laser is little because of its volume, stability is high, optical quality is good become present technical progress the fastest, also are the most suitable following high-energy lasers that is installed on the platforms such as satellite, aircraft.Yet output power remains the limit fibre laser instrument to the maximum bottleneck of weaponization development.For obtaining higher output power, developed the scheme that a plurality of fiber lasers are synthetic, i.e. the laser synthetic technology.Adopt this technology, can not only greatly improve output power and the brightness of laser instrument, and avoided single fiber laser to be operated in the situation of the limit for improving power, guarantee the stable and reliable of high power pulse output performance.
The pulse synthetic technology can be divided into incoherent bundle and the relevant bundle two large classes of closing of closing, wherein, the incoherent bundle that closes refers to that the output of each laser instrument is synthetic a branch of by optical component, wave vector is identical after closing bundle, but do not have the relation on the phase place between each fiber laser, common are at present spectrum and close bundle technology and and association bundle technology.The incoherent bundle that closes can make total laser power of N laser instrument and light intensity improve N doubly, but beam quality is poor, to crucial bundling device spare require highly, difficulty of processing is large, only can be used in the occasions lower to the laser beam quality requirement such as welding, cutting.
The relevant bundle technology of closing can guarantee each sub-laser instrument same-phase output, obtains the pulse laser of high power high luminance, in military, scientific research very huge application potential is arranged.Method commonly used has the phase-locked MOPA (Master oscillator power amplifier) of active to close the bundle technology at present, utilize that the coupling mechanism self-adjusting of evanescent field effect is phase-locked closes bundle technology, the relevant bundle technology of closing of multi-core fiber, and adopt broad band gain media, low reactance-resistance ratio resonator cavity to close the bundle technology from the imaging and focusing chamber.Initiatively phase-locked MOPA technical pattern is complicated, all requires very high to precision and the degree of stability of light-electrical-optical phase detection and bucking-out system; Utilize the bundle technology of closing of evanescent field coupling not need phase control, rely on the evanescent wave of the system passive phase modulation that is coupled itself fully, randomness is large, is difficult to calibrate to the relevant of a plurality of laser instruments synthesize; From length, the bands of a spectrum of imaging and focusing chamber technology to gain media, the loss value of resonator cavity all has strict demand, has limited its application.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of pulsed laser polarization coupling device, this device is stable, extensibility is strong, this device adopts the method for Polarization Detection to detect the relative phase of two-way laser, and can realize the coaxial synthetic of multi beam coherent light, combined coefficient is high, good beam quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus, comprise the pulsed laser of exporting one tunnel seed light, seed light is divided into the input beam splitter that n restraints sub-seed light, n is restrainted n the laser amplifier that sub-seed light is carried out respectively power amplification, to the n bundle laser of n laser amplifier output carry out n-1 time in twos polarization same-phase n-1 polarization closing bundle be concerned with and close Shu Danyuan, described n is the natural number more than or equal to 2; The relevant light that closes after Shu Danyuan comprises the laser that No. one laser amplifier is exported or closes bundle of each polarization carries out the first Polarization Controller of Polarization Control, to another road laser amplifier Output of laser or the light after closing bundle carry out the second Polarization Controller of Polarization Control, and the mutually perpendicular two-way laser of the polarization state of the first Polarization Controller and the second Polarization Controller adjustment carried out the synthetic polarization beam combiner of pulse coherence, be provided with the phase control module on the light path at a Polarization Controller place therein, be connected with output beam splitter at the polarization beam combiner output terminal, the high light output terminal of output beam splitter is as the relevant output terminal that closes Shu Danyuan of polarization, and the output light of the low light level output terminal of output beam splitter is injected into and drives the phase control module and make on the consistent relative phase detection module of the phase place of two-way laser.
Described pulsed laser is solid or full fiber pulse laser, the centre wavelength of laser instrument is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of laser instrument is 20kHz-100MHz, the average power of laser instrument is that tens milliwatts arrive hundreds of watts, and the pulse width of laser instrument is nanosecond, psec, femtosecond.
Described laser amplifier is one pole or polystage amplifier.
Described laser amplifier is solid or full optical fiber laser amplifier, when described laser amplifier is the full optical fiber laser amplifier, it includes semiconductor pump laser, wavelength division multiplexer, the first gain fibre, described full optical fiber mode locked laser is connected with semiconductor pump laser with two input ends of wavelength division multiplexer and is connected, the wavelength division multiplexer output terminal by behind the gain fibre as the output terminal of whole amplifier.
Described Polarization Controller is half-wave plate or wave plate combined structure.
Described phase control module is spatial light modulator or acousto-optic modulator or lithium niobate phase modulator.
Described phase control module is spatial light modulator, it comprises completely reflecting mirror and completely reflecting mirror phase controller, light after described the first Polarization Controller adjustment is directly incident on face of polarization beam combiner, light after the second Polarization Controller adjustment reflects through completely reflecting mirror, again through the another side incident of phase controller from polarization beam combiner; Described relative phase detection module comprises the detection polarization beam apparatus that the output light of the low light level output terminal of described output beam splitter is decomposed into orthogonal two-beam by transmission, reflection, survey respectively first, second spatial light detector of intensity size of this two-beam, be connected with the phase driven device that drives phase controller according to the intensity information that detects at first, second spatial light detector.
Described polarization beam combiner is space or complete optical fiber polarization bundling device.
Described output beam splitter be have the 1%-5% reflectivity space structure plated film lens or have the full fiber optic splitter of the splitting ratio of 1:99.
Adopt above technical scheme, the present invention compares with present sharp combiner method, has the following advantages:
The scheme of 1 polarization coupling can realize the coaxial synthetic of multi beam coherent light, and combined coefficient is high, good beam quality;
2 close the bundle after output pulse the space optical quality high, can obtain the M2 factor near diffraction limit;
3 output faculas all are overlapping near field and far field, do not have secondary lobe, concentration of energy, and collimation is good;
4 by the control phase control module, can realize random phase difference, arbitrarily the phase-locked polarized combination of power ratio;
The phase differential of the sub-laser instrument of 5 lockings makes the light beam after synthesizing still be the line polarisation, realizes that easily the cross polarization of multichannel light beam is synthetic, realizes the pulse output of high power line skewness;
The anti-damage threshold of crystal that 6 polarization beam combiners adopt is high, and size is large, is adapted to the large scale light beam synthetic;
7 conveniently are combined with fiber amplifier, realize the polarization coupling of full optical fiber;
8 every road fiber amplifiers all can adopt doping content high, the inclined to one side gain fibre of non-guarantor that length is short, and nonlinear effect is low in the amplification process, and pulse time and frequency zone waveform is undistorted, and little to the polarization state change of every road seed light, polarization coupling efficient is high.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 principle of the invention structural drawing;
Accompanying drawing 2 embodiment of the invention one, the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of two-way pulse interval polarization;
Accompanying drawing 3 embodiment of the invention two, the fine one pole of two-way pulse full are amplified the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of polarization;
Accompanying drawing 4 embodiment of the invention three, the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of the fine multistage amplification polarization of two-way pulse full;
Accompanying drawing 5 embodiment of the invention four, the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of n road pulse interval polarization;
The relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of the fine multistage amplification polarization of accompanying drawing 6 embodiment of the invention five, four road pulse fulls;
Accompanying drawing 7 embodiment of the invention six, the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of n road light comb space polarization;
Accompanying drawing 8 embodiment of the invention seven, four road light are combed the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of full optical fiber high-power polarization;
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that more clearly understand the present invention:
Such as Fig. 1, the invention discloses a kind of pulsed laser polarization coupling device, it comprises pulsed laser 1, input beam splitter 2, the first laser amplifier 3, the first Polarization Controller 4, the second laser amplifiers 5, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10.Described the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10 form the relevant Shu Danyuan that closes of a polarization.
Described pulsed laser 1 is the mode-locked laser of solid or all optical fibre structure, the centre wavelength of pulsed laser is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of pulsed laser is 20kHz-100MHz, the average power of pulsed laser is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts, pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond, and the output pulse of pulsed laser is linear polarization.
Described input beam splitter 2 is connected to the output terminal of pulsed laser 1, and input beam splitter 2 is divided into two-way with the pulse of pulsed laser 1 output, respectively as the seed light of two laser amplifiers.
The input end of the first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 connects from two different output terminals of input beam splitter 2 respectively.The first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 can be solid or all optical fibre structure of one pole or multi-stage cascade.
The first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controller 6 are half-wave plate or wave plate combined structure, pulsed laser for circular polarization state or elliptical polarization, the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controller 6 can carry out conversion to polarization state, obtain the output of line skewness; For the pulsed laser of random polarization attitude, the effect of the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controller 6 is components of selecting line skewness maximum, suppresses all the other components, realizes the output of line skewness; For the pulse of line skewness output, the effect of Polarization Control module is the polarization direction of regulating two way amplifiers output pulse, makes it mutually vertical.
Also be provided with phase control module 7 on the light path at the first laser amplifier 3 or the second laser amplifier 5 places, phase control module 7 is arranged between laser amplifier and the Polarization Control module, or between Polarization Control module and the polarization beam combiner 8.By the driving frequency of control phase control module 7, the electricity parameters such as driving voltage are realized the accurate control of two-way laser relative phase.
After input beam splitter 2 was divided into two-way with pulsed laser 1, every road laser all passed through laser amplifier and improves output power, and two bundle seed light are amplified rear center's consistent wavelength, have fixed skew, and relative phase is zero.Regulate two-way Polarization Control module separately, making its Output of laser is linear polarization, and polarization state is perpendicular to one another.The mutually perpendicular high power line skewness of polarization state laser pulse incides on the polarization beam combiner 8, realize that at polarization beam combiner 8 pulse coherence is synthetic, by output beam splitter 9 most of energy outputs, tell part energy and carry out phase-detection, control is inserted in the phase control module 7 in one tunnel light path, make the phase place of two-way laser consistent, realize the relevant bundle that closes of pulse laser polarization.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 2, close the bundle schematic diagram for two-way pulse interval polarization is relevant.
Pulsed laser polarization coupling device comprises pulsed laser 1, input beam splitter 2, the first laser amplifiers 3, the first Polarization Controller 4, the second laser amplifiers 5, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10.Described the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10 form the relevant Shu Danyuan that closes of a polarization.
Described pulsed laser 1 is the mode-locked laser of solid or all optical fibre structure, the centre wavelength of pulsed laser is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of pulsed laser is 20kHz-100MHz, the average power of pulsed laser is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts, pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond, and the output pulse of pulsed laser is linear polarization.
Described input beam splitter 2 is polarization beam apparatus, it is connected to the output terminal of pulsed laser 1, input beam splitter 2 is divided into two-way with the pulse of pulsed laser 1 output according to the polarization state that is perpendicular to one another, respectively as the first laser amplifier 3, the seed light of the second laser amplifier 5, wherein the first Polarization Controller 4 output polarization light are P light, and the second Polarization Controller 6 output polarization light are S light.
The input end of the first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 connects from two different output terminals of input beam splitter 2 respectively.The first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 can be solid or all optical fibre structure of one pole or multi-stage cascade.
The first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controller 6 effect be to make the first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 Output of lasers be linear polarization, and make two-way laser mutually vertical.Also be provided with phase control module 7 on the light path at the first laser amplifier 3 or the second laser amplifier 5 places, phase control module 7 is arranged between laser amplifier and the Polarization Control module, or between Polarization Control module and the polarization beam combiner 8.Phase control module 7 is spatial light modulator, comprises completely reflecting mirror 71 and phase controller 72.Described output beam splitter 9 is polarization beam apparatus, adopts beam splitting chip.Described relative phase detection module 10 comprises detecting uses polarization beam apparatus 101, first, second spatial light detector 102,103, phase driven device 104.
The P light of the first laser amplifier 3 output is directly incident on 8 one faces of polarization beam combiner after through the first Polarization Controller 4, the S light of the second laser amplifier 5 outputs is through completely reflecting mirror 71 reflections, the relative phase of regulating between the two way laser instruments through phase controller 72 again is from the another side incident of polarization beam combiner 8.The vertical pulse of polarization state of two-way amplifier output is closed bundle at polarization beam combiner 8, and output polarisation of light attitude is relevant with the relative phase of two-way pulse.Describedly close laser behind the bundle through beam splitting chip 9, most energy transmission as output, account for 95%-99%, and the fraction energy reflexes to and detects with polarization beam apparatus 101, is used for surveying the relative phase of two way laser.Incide the pulse that detects with polarization beam apparatus 101 and be broken down into orthogonal two polarization states, respectively transmission, reflection spatially are divided into two-beam, and first, second spatial light detector 102,103 is surveyed respectively the intensity size of two-beam.The strength information that phase driven device 104 detects according to two spatial light detectors, analyze the relative phase information of two way laser, drive phase controller 7, in the light path of laser amplifier, carry out phase compensation, realize that two bundle of pulsed laser device same-phase is synthetic, the output light after guaranteeing to synthesize has strict linear polarization.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 3, for the fine one pole of two-way pulse full amplifies the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of polarization,
Pulsed laser polarization coupling device comprises pulsed laser 1, input beam splitter 2, the first laser amplifiers 3, the first Polarization Controller 4, the second laser amplifiers 5, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10.Described the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10 form the relevant Shu Danyuan that closes of a polarization.
Described pulsed laser 1 is full fiber pulse laser, the centre wavelength of pulsed laser is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of pulsed laser is 20kHz-100MHz, the average power of pulsed laser is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts, pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond, and the output pulse of pulsed laser is linear polarization.
Described input beam splitter 2 is complete optical fiber polarization beam splitters, and the output pulse of full fiber pulse laser is divided into two-way according to the polarization state that is perpendicular to one another, respectively as the seed light of two-way amplifier.
Described the first laser amplifier 3 or the second laser amplifier 5 all adopt the full optical fiber laser amplifier, and the first laser amplifier 3 includes the first semiconductor pump laser 31, first wave division multiplexer 32, the first gain fibres 33.Full optical fiber mode locked laser be connected semiconductor pump laser 31 and be connected with two input ends of first wave division multiplexer 32 respectively, first wave division multiplexer 32 output terminals pass through the first gain fibre 33 as the output terminal of whole amplifier.The second laser amplifier 5 includes the second semiconductor pump laser 51, Second Wave division multiplexer 52, the second gain fibres 53.Two semiconductor pump laser centre wavelengths are 976nm, and output work is the semiconductor pump laser of rate 600mW.
The lithium niobate phase modulator that described phase control module 7 adopts with tail optical fiber, the lithium niobate phase modulator welding is after the first or second gain fibre.
Described polarization beam combiner 8 adopts the complete optical fiber polarization bundling device, and described output beam splitter 9 adopts fiber coupler.
Described relative phase detection module 10 comprises detecting uses fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 111, first, second fiber-optical probe 112,113, phase driven device 114.
The pulse of two-way full optical fiber laser amplifier output is closed bundle through the complete optical fiber polarization bundling device, the input-output optical fiber of complete optical fiber polarization bundling device is polarization maintaining optical fibre, regulate first, second Polarization Controller 4,6, change the polarization direction of amplifying afterpulse, guarantee that the strongest composition of linear polarization energy enters into the complete optical fiber polarization bundling device.Close laser behind the bundle through the fiber coupler of splitting ratio 1:99, the high end of output power is as output terminal, the low end of output power is as the test side, the light pulse of fiber coupler test side output is input to the detection of splitting ratio 1:1 with fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 111, for the relative phase of surveying two way laser.Incide the pulse that detects with fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 111 and be broken down into orthogonal two polarization states, respectively from two tail optical fiber outputs, first, second fiber-optical probe 112,113 is surveyed respectively the intensity size of two-beam.The strength information that phase measurement and control module 114 detect according to two fiber-optical probes, analyze the relative phase information of two way laser, drive phase controller 7, in the light path of the No. the second amplifier, carry out phase compensation, realize that two bundle of pulsed laser device same-phase is synthetic, the output light after guaranteeing to synthesize has strict linear polarization.
Embodiment three:
As shown in Figure 4, be the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of the fine multistage amplification polarization of two-way pulse full,
Pulsed laser polarization coupling device comprises pulsed laser 1, input beam splitter 2, the first laser amplifiers 3, the first Polarization Controller 4, the second laser amplifiers 5, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10.Described the first Polarization Controller 4, the second Polarization Controllers 6, phase control module 7, polarization beam combiner 8, output beam splitter 9, relative phase detection module 10 form the relevant Shu Danyuan that closes of a polarization.
The present embodiment and embodiment two differences are the concrete structure of the first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5, and are in addition identical with embodiment two.The present embodiment the first laser amplifier 3, the second laser amplifier 5 are two-stage amplifier.The first laser amplifier 3 comprises first order semiconductor pump laser 301, first order wavelength division multiplexer 302, first order gain fibre 303, second level semiconductor pump laser 304, second level high power bundling device 305, second level gain fibre 306.Full fiber pulse laser is connected with first order semiconductor pump laser and is connected with two input ends of first order wavelength division multiplexer 302 respectively, first order wavelength division multiplexer 302 output terminals are received second level high power bundling device 305 input ends by first order gain fibre 303, second level high power bundling device 305 output terminals are connected to described second level gain fibre 306, and gain fibre 306 other ends in the second level are as the output terminal of whole amplifier.
First order gain fibre 303 adopts the single mode gain fibre, and second level gain fibre 306 adopts the double clad gain fibre of high-dopant concentration.Be connected with high power isolator 307 between first order gain fibre 303 and the second level high power bundling device 305, high power isolator 307 has the protective capability that maximum is born the return continuous light of 2W, is used for the isolation between the two-stage all-optical fiber amplifier.
Above-mentioned the first laser amplifier 3 consists of the fine high power amplifier of two-stage all-optical in the way pulse light path, realizes the ultrashort pulse output of average power 20W.
The concrete structure of the second laser amplifier 5 is identical with the first laser amplifier 3 structures, no longer is repeated in this description.
Embodiment four:
As shown in Figure 5, pulsed laser polarization coupling device, comprise the pulsed laser 1 of exporting one tunnel seed light, seed light is divided into the input beam splitter 2 that n restraints sub-seed light, n is restrainted n the laser amplifier 30 that sub-seed light is carried out respectively power amplification, to the n bundle laser of n laser amplifier output carry out n-1 time in twos polarization same-phase n-1 polarization closing bundle be concerned with and close Shu Danyuan, the relevant light that closes after Shu Danyuan comprises the laser that No. one laser amplifier is exported or closes bundle of each polarization carries out the first Polarization Controller 4 of Polarization Control, to another road laser amplifier Output of laser or the light after closing bundle carry out the second Polarization Controller 6 of Polarization Control, and the mutually perpendicular two-way laser of polarization state that the first Polarization Controller 4 and the second Polarization Controller 6 are adjusted carried out the synthetic polarization beam combiner 8 of pulse coherence, be provided with phase control module 7 on the light path at a Polarization Controller place therein, be connected with output beam splitter 9 at polarization beam combiner 8 output terminals, the high light output terminal of output beam splitter 9 is as the relevant output terminal that closes Shu Danyuan of polarization, and the output light of the low light level output terminal of output beam splitter 9 incides and drives phase control module 7 and make on the consistent relative phase detection module 10 of the phase place of two-way laser.
Pulsed laser 1 can be the mode-locked laser of solid or all optical fibre structure, the centre wavelength of laser instrument is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of laser instrument can be at 20kHz-100MHz, and average power is that tens milliwatts arrive hundreds of watts, and pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond.Input beam splitter 2 is divided into the n road with the average pulse of input, and every road is all incided on n the laser amplifier 30 as seed light.The pulse of the laser amplifier output of the first light path is directly incident on the polarization beam combiner 8 through behind the Polarization Controller, the pulse of the laser amplifier output of the second light path is through behind the Polarization Controller, completely reflecting mirror 71 by phase control module 7 reflexes on the phase controller 72 of phase control module 7, the relative phase that phase controller 72 is regulated between the two-way pulse is from the another side incident of polarization beam combiner 8.The vertical pulse of polarization state of two-way amplifier output is closed bundle at polarization beam combiner 8, and output polarisation of light attitude is relevant with the relative phase of two way laser.Close laser behind the bundle through output beam splitter 9, most energy transmission are used for next stage and close bundle, account for 95%-99%, the fraction energy reflexes on the polarization beam apparatus 101 of relative phase detection module 10, is used for surveying the relative phase of two way laser, and n is the natural number greater than 2.The respectively transmission of pulse, the reflection quilt that incide polarization beam apparatus 101 are decomposed into orthogonal two polarization states, spatially be divided into two-beam, survey respectively the intensity size of two-beam with spatial light detector 102 and 103, the strength information that phase driven device 104 detects according to two spatial light detectors, analyze the relative phase information of two way laser, drive phase controller 7, in the light path of laser amplifier, carry out phase compensation, realize that two bundle of pulsed laser device same-phase is synthetic, the output light after guaranteeing to synthesize has strict linear polarization.
When being 3 the tunnel such as the n road, first and second Lu Guangxian carries out that polarization is relevant to close bundle, and the light that closes bundle carries out with Third Road light that polarization is relevant to close bundle again again, closes bundle totally 2 times, the pulse of output high-power line skewness.
When being 4 the tunnel such as the n road, first and second road, third and fourth road carry out respectively that polarization is relevant to close bundle, close Shu Houguang and carry out that polarization is relevant to close bundle again, close bundle totally 3 times, the pulse of output high-power line skewness.
The like, n road amplifier is through n-1 polarization coupling process, the pulse of output high-power line skewness.
Embodiment five: as shown in Figure 6, be the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of the fine multistage amplification polarization of four road pulse fulls.
Pulsed laser polarization coupling device comprises the pulsed laser 1 of exporting one tunnel seed light, the centre wavelength of full fiber pulse laser 1 is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of laser instrument can be at 20kHz-100MHz, average power is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts, pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond, and the output pulse of laser instrument is linear polarization.
Input beam splitter 2 comprises polarization beam apparatus 21 and two fiber couplers 22 of optical fiber structure, polarization beam apparatus 21 is divided into two-way with the output pulse of laser instrument 1 according to the polarization state that is perpendicular to one another, two fiber couplers 22 are the fiber coupler of splitting ratio 1:1, the pulse of each polarization state is divided into two-way according to the splitting ratio of 1:1, respectively as the seed light of every road polystage amplifier.
First, second laser amplifier 3,5 adopts the fine high power amplifier of two-stage all-optical, realizes the ultrashort pulse output of average power 20W.Because adopted the phosphate optical fiber of high-dopant concentration, the length of gain media is very short, the polarization state change of amplifying rear high power pulse is very little, guarantees the high-level efficiency of follow-up polarization coupling.
Phase control module 7 is the lithium niobate phase modulator with tail optical fiber, and welding is introduced different phase differential under the effect of driving circuit in No. four laser amplifiers two-way wherein.
Thus, as can be known, close bundle through 3 times altogether, the pulse of output high-power line skewness.
Embodiment six:
As shown in Figure 7, be the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of n road light comb space polarization:
Pulsed laser polarization coupling device comprises light comb and the beam splitting module 25 of output n way seed light, the light comb can be solid or all optical fibre structure, the centre wavelength of light comb is 1030,1064,1550nm, and its repetition frequency is 20kHz-100MHz, and average power is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts.The beam splitting module is divided into the n road with the output pulse of light comb, and every road power is substantially equal, as the seed light comb of a follow-up n amplifier.
The laser of laser amplifier 30 outputs is through light splitting piece 206, reenter and be mapped on the polarization beam combiner 300, the laser of laser amplifier output is through completely reflecting mirror 50 reflections, again through phase controller 40, regulate the relative phase of two way light comb, from the another side incident of polarization beam combiner.The vertical pulse of polarization state of two-way light comb output is closed bundle at polarization beam combiner 300, and output polarisation of light attitude is relevant with the relative phase of two-way light comb.Close pulse behind the bundle through beam splitting chip 60, most energy transmission as output, account for 95%-99%, and the fraction energy reflexes to polarization beam apparatus 70, is used for surveying the relative phase of two way light comb.The pulse of inciding polarization beam apparatus 70 is broken down into orthogonal two polarization states, and respectively transmission, reflection spatially are divided into two-beam, surveys respectively the intensity size of two-beam with spatial light detector 80 and 90.The strength information that phase measurement and control module 100 detect according to two probes, analyze the relative phase information of two way light comb, drive phase controller 400, in the enterprising line phase compensation of light path, two-way light comb same-phase is synthetic after realizing amplification, and the output light after guaranteeing to synthesize has strict linear polarization.
After process was closed bundle n-2 time in twos, one tunnel pulse was passed through half-wave plate 202 again through completely reflecting mirror 203 reflections, the rotatory polarization direction makes it perpendicular to the plane of polarization of polarization beam combiner, and another road pulse is through half-wave plate 201, the rotatory polarization direction makes it be parallel to the plane of polarization of polarization beam combiner.Polarization beam combiner 204 is incided in the two-way pulse, realizes the relevant bundle that closes of polarization.
Close the slow drift of light comb deviation frequency in the bundle process for compensation, add spectroscope 207, phase controller 209 at output terminal.The pulse that spectroscope 206 and 207 reflects is input to phase place and floats slowly measurement and control module, measures the relevant Shu Qianhou that closes of polarization, and the variation of light comb deviation frequency according to error signal, drives phase controller 209, the precision control of realization light comb deviation frequency.
N-1 polarization coupling process of n platform light comb process and phase drift compensation, the light comb of output high-power high-precision wire skewness.
Embodiment seven:
As shown in Figure 8, be that four road light are combed the relevant bundle schematic diagram that closes of full optical fiber high-power polarization:
The pulsed laser polarization coupling device of the present embodiment is compared with embodiment 5, difference is: the first pulsed laser 1 adopts the optical fiber comb, its centre wavelength is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of light comb is 20kHz-100MHz, average power is that tens milliwatts are to hundreds of watts, pulse width can be nanosecond, psec, femtosecond, and output pulse polarization state is linear polarization.The input beam splitter comprises that the splitting ratio that connects in turn is the fiber coupler 20 of 1:99, the polarization beam apparatus 21 of optical fiber structure, and splitting ratio is the fiber coupler 22 of 1:1.Polarization beam apparatus 21 is divided into two-way with the output pulse of light comb 1 according to the polarization state that is perpendicular to one another, respectively as the seed light of two-way amplifier, the fiber coupler of splitting ratio 1:1, the pulse of each polarization state is divided into two-way according to the splitting ratio of 1:1, respectively as the seed light of every road polystage amplifier.The acousto-optic frequency shifters 210 of in the end one-level optical fiber polarisation bundling device welding band tail optical fiber, and the fiber coupler 211 of splitting ratio 1:98, most energy are directly as output, the fraction energy is through polarization beam apparatus, be broken down into orthogonal two polarization states, from two tail optical fiber outputs, survey respectively the intensity size of two-beam with two fiber-optical probes respectively.Comb pulse and divide the pulse of 1% end of optical fiber coupling mechanism 20 to incide simultaneously deviation frequency measurement module 26 without amplifying, close the front light of bundle from what 1% end of fiber coupler 20 was exported, Shu Qianhou light comb carrier envelope phase deviation frequency is amplified, is closed in contrast, calculate amplification, close the slow-frequency drift that the bundle process is introduced, be converted to voltage signal, drive acousto-optic frequency shifters 210 by driving circuit 27, floating slowly of compensating light comb frequency, the light that obtains high power high-precision wire skewness is combed.
Claims (9)
1. pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus, it is characterized in that comprising the pulsed laser (1) of exporting one tunnel seed light, seed light is divided into the input beam splitter (2) that n restraints sub-seed light, n is restrainted n the laser amplifier that sub-seed light is carried out respectively power amplification, to the n bundle laser of n laser amplifier output carry out n-1 time in twos polarization same-phase n-1 polarization closing bundle be concerned with and close Shu Danyuan, described n is the natural number more than or equal to 2; The relevant light that closes after Shu Danyuan comprises the laser that No. one laser amplifier is exported or closes bundle of each polarization carries out first Polarization Controller (4) of Polarization Control, to another road laser amplifier Output of laser or the light after closing bundle carry out second Polarization Controller (6) of Polarization Control, and the mutually perpendicular two-way laser of polarization state that the first Polarization Controller (4) and the second Polarization Controller (6) are adjusted carried out the synthetic polarization beam combiner (8) of pulse coherence, be provided with therein phase control module (7) on the light path at a Polarization Controller place, be connected with output beam splitter (9) at polarization beam combiner (8) output terminal, the high light output terminal of output beam splitter (9) is as the relevant output terminal that closes Shu Danyuan of polarization, and the output light of the low light level output terminal of output beam splitter (9) is injected into and drives phase control module (7) and make on the consistent relative phase detection module (10) of the phase place of two-way laser.
2. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described pulsed laser is solid or full fiber pulse laser, the centre wavelength of laser instrument is 1030,1064,1550nm, the repetition frequency of laser instrument is 20kHz-100MHz, the average power of laser instrument is that tens milliwatts arrive hundreds of watts, and the pulse width of laser instrument is nanosecond, psec, femtosecond.
3. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described laser amplifier is one pole or polystage amplifier.
4. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described laser amplifier is solid or full optical fiber laser amplifier, when described laser amplifier is the full optical fiber laser amplifier, it includes semiconductor pump laser, wavelength division multiplexer, the first gain fibre, described full optical fiber mode locked laser is connected with semiconductor pump laser with two input ends of wavelength division multiplexer and is connected, the wavelength division multiplexer output terminal by behind the gain fibre as the output terminal of whole amplifier.
5. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Polarization Controller is half-wave plate or wave plate combined structure.
6. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described phase control module (7) is spatial light modulator or acousto-optic modulator or lithium niobate phase modulator.
7. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described phase control module (7) is spatial light modulator, it comprises completely reflecting mirror (71) and completely reflecting mirror (71) phase controller (72), light after described the first Polarization Controller (4) is adjusted is directly incident on (8) faces of polarization beam combiner, light after the second Polarization Controller (6) is adjusted is through completely reflecting mirror (71) reflection, again through the another side incident of phase controller (72) from polarization beam combiner (8); Described relative phase detection module (10) comprises the detection polarization beam apparatus (101) that the output light of the low light level output terminal of described output beam splitter (9) is decomposed into orthogonal two-beam by transmission, reflection, survey respectively intensity size first, second spatial light detector (102,103) of this two-beam, be connected with the phase driven device (104) that drives phase controller (7) according to the intensity information that detects at first, second spatial light detector (102,103).
8. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described polarization beam combiner (8) is space or complete optical fiber polarization bundling device.
9. a kind of pulse laser polarization coherence beam merging apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described output beam splitter (9) be have the 1%-5% reflectivity space structure plated film lens or have the full fiber optic splitter of the splitting ratio of 1:99.
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