CN103020766A - Photovoltaic power generation planning method for photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic power generation planning method for photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic power generation planning method for a photovoltaic power generation system. The method includes the following steps: (a) obtaining an estimated power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system according to a formula, wherein HA is the amount of a total horizontal solar irradiation, Es is the sunlight intensity under the standard state, PAZ is the installed capacity of the photovoltaic system and K is a combined efficiency coefficient; the combined efficiency coefficient comprises a component type correction coefficient, a photovoltaic array obliquity and azimuth correction coefficient, a photovoltaic power generation system availability coefficient, a sunlight utilization rate coefficient, an inverter efficiency coefficient, a photovoltaic module surface contamination correction coefficient, and a photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction coefficient; and (b) adjusting the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the estimated power generation. The photovoltaic power generation planning method of the invention takes the whole photovoltaic power generation into overall consideration to determine the combined efficiency coefficient K, so that the obtained combined efficiency coefficient K is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic generating system, relate in particular to the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic technology becomes a study hotspot in renewable energy power generation field, the world today.In future, the large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system of China is with sustained and rapid development.
Solar energy power generating has undulatory property and intermittence, and large-scale photovoltaic power station is incorporated into the power networks can affect safe, stable, the economic operation of electric system.The average year online generated energy that calculates photovoltaic plant helps the cooperation of dispatching of power netwoks department overall arrangement normal power supplies and photovoltaic generation, in time adjusts operation plan.
But China is also very weak to the research of the average year online generated energy computing method of photovoltaic plant at present, does not almost have to satisfy the method for actual solar energy power generating amount forecast demand.
In the prior art, photo-voltaic power generation station annual electricity volume Ep is calculated as follows:
In the formula: H
ATotal irradiation (the kWh/m of-surface level sun power
2, consistent with meteorological standard observer data);
Intensity of sunshine under Es-standard state equals 1000W/m
2
P
AZ--the installed capacity of photovoltaic system is the summation of solar components standard output power in the photovoltaic system, kWp.
K-is the overall efficiency coefficient.
In the above-mentioned formula, A, H
A, Es, P
AZBe known initial conditions, the overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K then need consider according to whole photovoltaic generating system and determine.Industry differs to the every minute coefficient view that forms the overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K now, even practical precedent is not arranged.
Thus, industry needs a kind of planing method of the photovoltaic power generation quantity that every minute coefficient of overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K determined.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a kind of planing method of accurate photovoltaic power generation quantity.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning for photovoltaic generating system, comprises the steps: that (a) is according to formula
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photoelectric generation system,
Wherein, H
ABe the total irradiation of surface level sun power; Es is the intensity of sunshine under the standard state; P
AZ
Installed capacity for photovoltaic system;
K is the overall efficiency coefficient, and described overall efficiency coefficient comprises: the component type correction factor; The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and position angle correction factor; Photovoltaic generating system available rate coefficient; The illumination range of value; The inverter efficiency coefficient; Current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction coefficient; Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor; And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor; And (b) according to described estimation generated energy, adjust the actual power generation of described photoelectric generation system.
Among some embodiment, described component type correction factor comprises: crystalline silicon correction factor and amorphous silicon correction factor.
Among some embodiment, the inclination angle of described photovoltaic arrays and position angle correction factor are obtained by radiant quantity on optimum angle of incidence and the dip plane.
Among some embodiment, described optimum angle of incidence is, the value of corresponding solar radiation amount under a plurality of predetermined inclination is carried out fitting of a polynomial, gets peak of curve and be the radiant quantity under the optimum angle of incidence, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding.
Among some embodiment, described inverter efficiency coefficient is definite like this, namely in conjunction with the situation at sunshine of CHINESE REGION, determines the shared weight of the specified AC power of inverter of different weight percentage.
Among some embodiment, described weight be the peak power output of solar cell be the inverter rated input power 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% the time, the static state of inverter is followed the tracks of efficient or conversion efficiency and representative and has approximately in 1 year the weighted mean of the coefficient X/100 that the time inverter of X% moves under this efficient.
Among some embodiment,, described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor comprises scale-up factor, and described scale-up factor is by calculating, and computing formula assembly surface temperature is directly proportional with-3/10 power of wind speed and determines.
Among some embodiment, the computing formula of described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor is: T
s=T
c+ G* (T
b-20)/800+K*w
-0.3
The photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning according to the present invention is determined the overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K to considering according to whole photovoltaic generating system, therefore obtains more accurately overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by the description of example explanation purport of the present invention, to know other aspects of the present invention and advantage.
Description of drawings
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by detailed description hereinafter, can more clearly understand above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the method for planning of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the correction of radiant quantity on optimum angle of incidence and the dip plane;
Fig. 3 is the calculation flow chart of overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K;
Fig. 4 is the monthly average radiation of throwing in to the inclined-plane of equator inclination.
Embodiment
Referring to the accompanying drawing of the specific embodiment of the invention, hereinafter the present invention will be described in more detail.Yet the present invention can be with many multi-form realizations, and should not be construed as the restriction of the embodiment that is subjected in this proposition.On the contrary, it is abundant and complete open in order to reach proposing these embodiment, and makes those skilled in the art understand scope of the present invention fully.
Description describes embodiments of the invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, at the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning that is used for photovoltaic generating system according to the embodiment of the invention, in step S101, according to formula:
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photoelectric generation system.In the described formula, H
ABe the total irradiation of surface level sun power; Es is the intensity of sunshine under the standard state; P
AZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system.Above-mentioned parameter is the common parameter of industry, does not repeat them here.
Described K is the overall efficiency coefficient, and in the present embodiment, described overall efficiency coefficient comprises: the component type correction factor; The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and position angle correction factor; Photovoltaic generating system available rate coefficient; The illumination range of value; The inverter efficiency coefficient; Current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction coefficient; Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor; And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor.
Hereinafter with reference to Fig. 3 in detail the overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K is described in detail.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises the assembly adjusted coefficient K
1, it comprises crystalline silicon correction factor that the crystalline silicon component characteristic is corresponding and the amorphous silicon correction factor corresponding with the amorphous silicon module characteristic.In the present embodiment, the crystalline silicon correction factor is 1.0, and the amorphous silicon correction factor is 1.02.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this design parameter, as long as the assembly adjusted coefficient K
1Consider simultaneously the crystalline silicon correction factor and and the amorphous silicon correction factor gets final product.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises the inclination correction COEFFICIENT K
2Existing calculating photovoltaic module reaches the formula that " solar energy resources appraisal procedure (QXT 89-2008) " provides based on Retscreen mostly in optimum angle of incidence and the calculating of the radiant quantity on this dip plane of locality, wherein retscreen is external software for calculation, " solar energy resources appraisal procedure (QXT 89-2008) " calculates needs the owner that comparatively detailed solar radiation data are provided, and is calculated value.
Inclination correction COEFFICIENT K of the present invention
2Consider radiant quantity on optimum angle of incidence and the dip plane.Shown in 3, can be to revising with klein formula calculated value, and only need utilize public data to calculate.In the present embodiment, described public data is NASA(NASA) can find on the official website each month corresponding solar radiation amount under 5 different angle value.Shown in the described public data chart as shown in Figure 4.In the present embodiment, utilize 0～90 these five data of degree to calculate as public data.
According to the definition of optimum angle of incidence, data with existing is carried out fitting of a polynomial, get peak of curve and be the radiant quantity under the optimum angle of incidence, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding is optimum angle of incidence.The method is simple, and is effectively, almost consistent with the theoretical value technology.Because the NASA Data Source is measured value, so can verify or revise general theoretical value.
Should be understood that described public data is not limited to this, but can be the value of any available solar radiation amount.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises photovoltaic generating system available rate COEFFICIENT K
3Photovoltaic generating system available rate COEFFICIENT K
3Be the Common Parameters of photovoltaic generating system, generally consider the fault of photovoltaic generating system and maintenance and determine.In the present embodiment, photovoltaic generating system available rate COEFFICIENT K
3Obtain by the available rate formula.Should be understood that described photovoltaic generating system available rate COEFFICIENT K
3Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises illumination range of value K
4Illumination range of value K
4Be the Common Parameters of photovoltaic generating system, it is determined according to the concrete application of photovoltaic generating system.In the present embodiment, illumination range of value K
4Be 0.99.Should be understood that described photovoltaic generating system available rate COEFFICIENT K
3Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises the inverter efficiency COEFFICIENT K
5In the prior art, just get the inverter European efficiency value that provides in the inverter producer data.Yet this efficiency value is European efficiency, and is relevant with the solar radiation intensity distributions in Europe, but is not inconsistent with China situation.
The present invention formulates standard EN 50530 " Overall Efficiency ofGridConnectedPhotovoltaic linverter " specially according to authentication techniques standard CN-CA/CTS0004-2009 " 400V following grid-connected photovoltaic special inverter technical conditions and test method ", the CENELEC that Beijing mirror weighing apparatus authentication center formulates, and in conjunction with the situation at sunshine of CHINESE REGION, determine the shared weight of the specified AC power of inverter of different weight percentage.
In the present embodiment, the peak power output of solar cell be the inverter rated input power 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% the time, the static state of inverter is followed the tracks of efficient or conversion efficiency and representative and has approximately in 1 year the weighted mean of the coefficient X/100 that the time inverter of X% moves under this efficient.
The way analog solar inverter of present embodiment employing efficient weighting is the operation timeliness in a year under field conditions (factors), can reflect exactly comparatively veritably the efficient of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Should be understood that described inverter efficiency COEFFICIENT K
5Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K
6Current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K
6Be the Common Parameters of photovoltaic generating system, generally consider direct current infringement and A.C.power loss.In the present embodiment, current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K
6Determine according to the concrete application of photovoltaic generating system.Should be understood that described current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction COEFFICIENT K
6Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K
7Photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K
7Common Parameters for photovoltaic generating system.In the present embodiment, photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K
7Determine its photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K according to the concrete application of photovoltaic generating system
7Be 0.98.Should be understood that described photovoltaic module surface contamination adjusted coefficient K
7Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
The overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K comprises the assembly temperature adjusted coefficient K
8Output power of photovoltaic module is subjected to assembly surface temperature effect, general using NOCT (the nominal operation temperature of assembly): T
s=T
c+ G* (T
b-20)/800, can calculate the assembly surface temperature, thereby draw the assembly temperature correction factor.
Yet, the restricted condition of this formula:
1. when wind speed was outside 1 ± 0.75m/s, this formula was no longer applicable, needed to consider and T
cCorresponding constantly wind speed affect correction; (foundation: identify and type with the Crystalline Silicon PV Module design on GB-T 9535-1998 ground).
2. only have when irradiation intensity=during 400W/ ㎡, the assembly junction temperature just is directly proportional with irradiation intensity, and inverter is at irradiation intensity〉just start during 200W/ ㎡, need to consider the ratio that affects of this part time.
In the situation of 1+-0.25, illumination 400w/ ㎡, formula Ts=Tc+G* (Tb-20)/800 is no longer applicable at wind speed; Derive through theoretical formula ,-0.3 power of Ts and wind speed V is proportional, but COEFFICIENT K need to adjust in conjunction with variant regional wind speed and solar radiation intensity real data.
The present invention collects service data in conjunction with heat transfer principle from a plurality of built photovoltaic plants, drawing temperature t is directly proportional with-3/10 this side of wind speed, and pass through lineal relevant formula, draw scale-up factor, wind speed is large, irradiation intensity [200 thereby solved, 400] correction of W/ ㎡ assembly surface temperature obtains computing formula: T
s=T
c+ G* (T
b-20)/800+K*w
-0.3
Should be understood that described assembly temperature adjusted coefficient K
8Be not limited to this, but can be any practical value.
Among the step S103, according to described estimation generated energy, adjust the actual power generation of described photoelectric generation system.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning according to the present invention is determined the overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K to considering according to whole photovoltaic generating system, therefore obtains more accurately overall efficiency COEFFICIENT K;
(2) the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning according to the present invention has proposed the correction factor about amorphous silicon module, therefore can obtain more accurately assembly correction factor;
(3) the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning according to the present invention, can be to revising with klein formula calculated value, and only need utilize public data, definition according to optimum angle of incidence, data with existing is carried out fitting of a polynomial, get peak of curve and be the radiant quantity under the optimum angle of incidence, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding is optimum angle of incidence.The method is simple, and is effectively, almost consistent with the theoretical value technology.Because the NASA Data Source is measured value, so can verify or revise general theoretical value;
(4) the photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning according to the present invention, collect service data in conjunction with heat transfer principle from a plurality of built photovoltaic plants, drawing temperature t is directly proportional with-3/10 this side of wind speed, and pass through lineal relevant formula, draw scale-up factor, wind speed is large, the correction of irradiation intensity [200,400] W/ ㎡ assembly surface temperature thereby solved.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art need not creative work and just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations.All in the art technician all should be in the determined protection domain by claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (8)
1. a photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning that is used for photovoltaic generating system comprises the steps:
(a) according to formula
Obtain the estimation generated energy of described photoelectric generation system,
Wherein, H
ABe the total irradiation of surface level sun power;
Es is the intensity of sunshine under the standard state;
P
AZInstalled capacity for photovoltaic system;
K is the overall efficiency coefficient, and wherein, described overall efficiency coefficient comprises:
The component type correction factor; The inclination angle of photovoltaic arrays and position angle correction factor; Photovoltaic generating system available rate coefficient; The illumination range of value; The inverter efficiency coefficient; Current collection circuit and step-up transformer loss correction coefficient; Photovoltaic module surface contamination correction factor; And photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor; And
(b) according to described estimation generated energy, adjust the actual power generation of described photoelectric generation system.
2. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described component type correction factor comprises: crystalline silicon correction factor and amorphous silicon correction factor.
3. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the inclination angle of described photovoltaic arrays and position angle correction factor are obtained by radiant quantity on optimum angle of incidence and the dip plane.
4. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described optimum angle of incidence is that the value of corresponding solar radiation amount under a plurality of predetermined inclination is carried out fitting of a polynomial, get peak of curve and be the radiant quantity under the optimum angle of incidence, the inclination angle that peak value is corresponding.
5. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described inverter efficiency coefficient is definite like this, namely in conjunction with the situation at sunshine of CHINESE REGION, determines the shared weight of the specified AC power of inverter of different weight percentage.
6. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described weight be the peak power output of solar cell be the inverter rated input power 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 100% the time, the static state of inverter is followed the tracks of efficient or conversion efficiency and representative and has approximately in 1 year the weighted mean of the coefficient X/100 that the time inverter of X% moves under this efficient.
7. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor comprises scale-up factor, and described scale-up factor is by calculating, and computing formula assembly surface temperature is directly proportional with-3/10 power of wind speed and determines.
8. photovoltaic power generation quantity method of planning as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the computing formula of described photovoltaic module conversion efficiency correction factor is: T
s=T
c+ G* (T
b-20)/800+K*w
-0.3
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